CN213713032U - Novel low-nitrogen-emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler - Google Patents
Novel low-nitrogen-emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN213713032U CN213713032U CN202022071604.9U CN202022071604U CN213713032U CN 213713032 U CN213713032 U CN 213713032U CN 202022071604 U CN202022071604 U CN 202022071604U CN 213713032 U CN213713032 U CN 213713032U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
A novel low-nitrogen emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler comprises a fan, an air preheater, a gas valve group, a gas distribution pipe, an air duct, an air distribution chamber, a water-cooling grate, a hearth, a convection zone, a flue, an economizer, a steam pocket, a downcomer, a descending communicating pipe and a water level controller; the heating surface adopts a standard modular design and consists of two groups of membrane wall modules and a plurality of groups of grate convection zone modules; the capacity of the boiler is adjusted by the number of the grate convection zone modules in any combination; the fire grate convection zone module consists of a module lead-in pipe, a module lower header, fire grate finned tubes, a convection zone light pipe, convection zone finned tubes, a module upper header and module lead-out pipes; each module can be divided into three functional areas, namely a water-cooling grate, a hearth and a convection area; the water-cooled grate consists of porous ceramics and finned tubes, and mixed gas of air and natural gas uniformly flows to the spiral fin areas on the finned tubes through small holes in the porous ceramics, and enters the hearth for combustion after being preheated along channels among the spiral fins.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model belongs to the technical field of gas steam boiler, concretely relates to novel low nitrogen discharges cold flame burning integration steam boiler.
Background art:
at present, most WNS type horizontal internal combustion fire tube steam boilers are adopted for natural gas-fired steam boilers with the volume of less than 30 tons; the natural gas-fired steam boiler with the volume of less than 4 tons has an LSS type through-flow boiler in addition to a WNS type boiler.
The two types of the furnaces have the advantages and the disadvantages, wherein the WNS type boiler adopts a horizontal internal combustion full-wet back type structure and is matched with a high-efficiency threaded smoke pipe, all evaporation heating is arranged in a boiler shell, high-temperature smoke is arranged in the boiler shell, water is arranged outside the boiler shell, and a perfect heat-insulation outer package design is matched, so that the WNS type boiler is low in heat dissipation loss, high in heat efficiency, large in water capacity, good in safety, long in service life, convenient to overhaul and particularly suitable for long-time stable operation. But the defects are that the water capacity is large, the cold state furnace starting time is long, and when the boiler is operated intermittently for a long time or is operated in a hot standby mode, the comprehensive energy efficiency is low.
The LSS type through-flow boiler adopts a vertical water pipe structure, has small water capacity and high steam generation speed, and is particularly suitable for intermittent operation; but because the water capacity is small, the steam-water interface is in the pipe, the requirement on water quality is high, the service life is short, and the maintenance cannot be carried out; in addition, the smoke outlet temperature of the body is high, and even if the energy saver is additionally arranged at the tail part, the design heat efficiency is relatively low.
Therefore, a boiler structure is proposed, synthesize both advantages, develop a low NOx and discharge, design thermal efficiency and comprehensive operation efficiency are all high, compact structure, and convenient to overhaul's the natural gas steam boiler that fires simultaneously is the utility model discloses a target.
The utility model has the following contents:
the utility model aims at providing a novel steam boiler synthesizes WNS type boiler and LSS through-flow boiler's advantage, and degree of standardization is high, and the prefabricated spare part of being convenient for can assemble fast and take shape or maintain the change, and the design thermal efficiency is high, and water capacity is lower relatively, synthesizes the efficiency height, and it is fast to produce vapour, must satisfy simultaneously and fires the natural gas, and oxygen content is less than when 3.5%, and NOx discharges and is less than 30mg/m 3's low nitrogen requirement.
The technical scheme of the utility model is, a novel low nitrogen discharges cold flame burning integration steam boiler mainly comprises fan 1, air heater 2, gas valves 3, gas distributing pipe 4, wind channel 5, air distributing chamber 6, water-cooling grate 7, furnace 8, convection current district 9, flue 10, energy-saving appliance 11, steam pocket 12, downcomer 13, decline well siphunculus 14, water level controller 26 etc.. The boiler body part is formed by assembling two groups of membrane wall modules 15, a plurality of groups of grate convection zone modules 16, a steam pocket 12, a downcomer 13, a descending communicating pipe 14 and the like; wherein the membrane wall module 15 and the grate convection zone module 16 are standardized and seriatim designed. At present, the method is divided into three standard type modules according to three intervals of 0.5-2t/h, 2-8t/h and 8-30t/h, and covers all specifications of the WNS type single-furnace boiler.
The grate convection zone module 16 mainly comprises a module inlet pipe 17, a module lower header 18, grate finned pipes 19, a convection zone light pipe 20, convection zone finned pipes 20-1, a module upper header 21 and a module outlet pipe 22. The membrane wall module 15 mainly comprises a module lead-in pipe 17, a module lower header 18, a membrane wall pipe 32, membrane wall flat steel 32-1, a module upper header 21 and a module lead-out pipe 22. The modules with the two specifications are mutually assembled to form a heated part of the boiler body, the heated part comprises three functional areas, namely a water-cooling grate 7, a hearth 8 and a convection area 9, and after the assembly is finished, the boiler body can be quickly formed only by connecting a pipeline with a steam drum 12. When the boiler capacity needs to be increased or decreased, the number of grate convection zone modules 16 need only be increased or decreased.
The low-nitrogen emission adopts a full-premix cold flame combustion technology, a low-temperature air preheater 2 and a water-cooling grate 7 with a brand-new structure are adopted, and the water-cooling grate 7 mainly comprises finned tubes 19 and porous ceramics 23, so that the aim of low NOx emission lower than 30mg/m3 is fulfilled.
A smoke and air system: the fan 1 pressurizes cold air and then enters the air preheater 2 to be preheated into hot air; the natural gas and the hot air which are decompressed by the gas valve group 3 and divided by the gas distribution pipe 4 are uniformly mixed in the air duct 5, enter the air distribution chamber 6, then the mixed gas passes through the water-cooled grate 7 and is ignited to form flame to be combusted in the hearth 8, and then the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through the convection zone 9, the flue 10, the economizer 11, the air preheater 2 and the smoke outlet 28 and is finally discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney.
A water supply system: the softened and deaerated feed water is pressurized by a water pump and then enters an economizer 11 for preheating, the preheated water enters a steam drum 12 and is converted into a steam-water mixture after natural circulation heating, steam-water separation is carried out by a separation device in the steam drum 12, and the separated saturated steam is supplied to a user through a main steam valve.
Steam-water circulating system: the boiler adopts natural circulation, saturated water in the steam pocket 12 passes through the downcomer 13 and the descending communicating pipe 14, respectively enters the membrane wall module 15 and the grate convection zone module 16, is heated to become a steam-water mixture, enters the steam pocket 12 again, and forms natural circulation through density difference.
The beneficial effects of the utility model, the utility model relate to a novel low nitrogen discharges cold flame burning integration steam boiler, body heating surface structure adopt the design of modularization pin-connected panel, and degree of standardization is high, and the article accuse management is simple, and the increase-volume maintenance is simple and convenient, is particularly suitable for the boiler trade because of the uneven productivity extravagant problem that brings of seasonal production.
The utility model relates to a novel low-nitrogen emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler, which adopts the full-premixing cold flame combustion technology and designs a brand-new water-cooling grate structure, so that the back surface of the full-premixing flame is effectively cooled, the radiation surface is increased, the combustion temperature is reduced, and the low-NOx combustion is realized; meanwhile, the size of the hearth is reduced, so that the generator is smaller and more compact in structure.
The utility model relates to a novel low-nitrogen emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler, which is additionally provided with an air preheater, properly improves the air temperature, further reduces the exhaust gas temperature, improves the thermal efficiency and reduces the seasonal performance consumption difference to be lower; in addition, the water capacity is small, and the comprehensive energy efficiency is high.
The utility model relates to a novel low-nitrogen emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler, an air preheater is the same as the heating surface of a body, and a standardized and modularized assembling type design is adopted, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved, and the waste is reduced; meanwhile, the air preheater adopts a 304 full stainless steel structure, so that the air preheater can resist oxidation and acid corrosion, and the service life is prolonged.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a boiler structure;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a boiler arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a boiler structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a water-cooled grate 7, wherein A is a cross-sectional view of the grate and B is a side view of A;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a standard heated surface module, wherein A is a grate convection zone module and B is a membrane wall module.
The sequence numbers in the figures illustrate:
1-fan, 2-air preheater, 3-gas valve group, 4-gas distribution pipe, 5-air flue, 6-air distribution chamber, 7-water-cooled grate, 8-furnace, 9-convection zone, 10-flue, 11-economizer, 12-steam pocket, 13-downcomer, 14-downcomer, 15-side membrane wall module, 16-grate convection zone module, 17-module inlet pipe, 18-module lower header, 19-grate finned tube, 20-convection zone light pipe, 20-1-convection zone finned tube, 21-module upper header, 22-module outlet pipe, 23-porous ceramic, 24-economizer outlet pipe, 25-main steam outlet, 26-water level controller, 27-water supply inlet, 28-smoke outlet, 29-gas inlet, 30-sewage outlet, 31-flame zone, 32-membrane wall pipe, 32-1-membrane wall flat steel
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the utility model discloses a each item utility model content concrete implementation as follows:
the utility model relates to a novel low nitrogen discharges cold flame burning integration steam boiler mainly comprises fan 1, air heater 2, gas valves 3, gas distributing pipe 4, wind channel 5, air distribution chamber 6, water-cooling grate 7, furnace 8, convection zone 9, flue 10, energy-saving appliance 11, steam pocket 12, downcomer 13, decline union pipe 14, water level controller 26 etc..
A smoke and air system: the fan 1 pressurizes cold air and then enters the air preheater 2 to be preheated into hot air; the natural gas and the hot air which are decompressed by the gas valve group 3 and divided by the gas distribution pipe 4 are uniformly mixed in the air duct 5, enter the air distribution chamber 6, then the mixed gas passes through the water-cooled grate 7 and is ignited to form flame to be combusted in the hearth 8, and then the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through the convection zone 9, the flue 10, the economizer 11, the air preheater 2 and the smoke outlet 28 and is finally discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney.
A water supply system: the softened and deaerated feed water is pressurized by a water pump and then enters an economizer 11 for preheating, the preheated water enters a steam drum 12 and is converted into a steam-water mixture after natural circulation heating, steam-water separation is carried out by a separation device in the steam drum 12, and the separated saturated steam is supplied to a user through a main steam valve.
Steam-water circulating system: the boiler adopts natural circulation, saturated water in the steam pocket 12 passes through the downcomer 13 and the descending communicating pipe 14, respectively enters the membrane wall module 15 and the grate convection zone module 16, is heated to become a steam-water mixture, enters the steam pocket 12 again, and forms natural circulation through density difference.
Implementation of the standardized module design: as shown in fig. 5A, the grate convection zone module 16 mainly comprises a module inlet pipe 17, a module lower header 18, grate finned tubes 19, a convection zone light pipe 20, convection zone finned tubes 20-1, a module upper header 21 and module outlet pipes 22, which are used for forming three areas of the water-cooled grate 7, the hearth 8 and the convection zone 9 of the heating surface of the boiler body, and the upper and lower areas of flue gas are sealed by the close arrangement of the module upper and lower headers 18 and 21. The grate convection zone module 16 belongs to a main heating surface module, and load increase and decrease are mainly realized by the grate convection zone module.
As shown in fig. 5B, the membrane wall module 15 is mainly composed of a module inlet pipe 17, a module lower header 18, a membrane wall pipe 32, membrane wall flat steel 32-1, a module upper header 21, and a module outlet pipe 22. Is used for sealing two sides of three heating surface areas, namely a water-cooling grate 7, a hearth 8 and a convection area 9.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the boiler body mainly comprises a membrane wall module 15, a grate convection zone module 16, 1 steam drum 12, four groups of downcomers 13 and two groups of descending connecting pipes 14. The three heating surfaces of the water-cooling grate 7, the hearth 8 and the convection zone 9 are in modular design, and the functions of the three heating surface areas are realized by the matching use of modules with two specifications of a sequence 15 and a sequence 16. Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of groups of grate convection zone modules 16 are arranged in the middle side by side, and a group of membrane wall modules 15 are arranged on both sides of the grate convection zone modules, so as to form a heating surface of the boiler body, and then the heating surface is communicated to the steam drum 12 through a pipeline, so that natural circulation is realized.
At present, aiming at a WNS type single-furnace horizontal internal combustion boiler with 0.5-30t/h, a benchmarking design is adopted, the tonnage of the boiler is divided into three sections of 0.5-2t/h, 2t/h-8t/h and 8-30t/h, and a type of standard module needs to be designed for each section, so that three sets of standard modules with six specifications are needed to be designed for a membrane wall module 15 and a grate convection zone module 16 respectively, and the rapid design of the heating surface of a body of a novel low-nitrogen gas steam boiler with all specifications of 0.5-30t/h can be realized.
The standardized and modularized design mode greatly reduces the design workload; meanwhile, the application of standardized and modularized components enables the products to be produced in batches, so that the manufacturing is simpler and more convenient, the quality is more guaranteed, the production period is shorter, the stock preparation is more convenient, the resource utilization rate is higher, and the waste is less; for boiler enterprises, the method can realize large-scale production, has lower production cost, and can provide better, faster and more standardized service for users.
Embodiment of low-nitrogen combustion: as shown in the attached figure 4, the water-cooled grate 7 is composed of porous ceramics 23 and finned tubes 19, the mixed gas of air and natural gas uniformly flows to the spiral fin areas on the finned tubes 19 through small holes in the porous ceramics 23, and the mixed gas enters a hearth for combustion after being preheated along channels among the spiral fins 19-1.
The porous ceramic 23 is used for isolating the radiant heat projected by flame through the gaps of the fins from being conducted to the mixed gas inlet by utilizing the heat resistance and the low heat conductivity of the ceramic, so that the mixed gas before entering the water-cooling grate 7 is prevented from being rapidly heated, and the safety of equipment is improved.
One end of the porous ceramic 23 is a plane, and the other end is attached to the circular arc of the fin end of the finned tube 19; multiple rows of small holes are uniformly formed in the finned tube, each row of small holes are opposite to the central line of the finned tube 19, and the pitch between every two small holes in each row is 2-3 times of the pitch of the finned tube 19-1. The minimum aperture of the natural gas premixed gas normal temperature tempering is 3.8mm, and the actual mixed temperature can reach 50-60 ℃ due to the arrangement of the air preheater, so that the diameter of the opening is only 2.4mm, the tempering can be effectively prevented by the smaller aperture, and the uniform airflow of the whole combustion surface can be ensured; in addition, the aperture of 2.4mm can ensure that fine dust can pass through without blockage.
The spiral fins 19-1 on the finned tube 19 are made of heat-resistant stainless steel, the base tube can be made of carbon steel or stainless steel, and the base tube and the fins need to be continuously welded by laser, so that the 100% penetration rate is ensured. The finned tube 19 is used for effectively cooling the back of the flame and reducing the temperature of the flame; meanwhile, the mixed gas can be divided and preheated by using the fins, so that the whole surface is ensured to be a combustion surface, the cooling area of the flame is enlarged, and the temperature of the flame is reduced. By the measures, the flame temperature is lower than 1400 ℃ and the nitrogen oxides are lower than 30mg/m3 under the condition of 3.5 percent of oxygen.
Efficient implementation: as shown in attached figures 1, 2 and 3, an energy saver 11 and an air preheater 2 are arranged at the tail of a boiler, so that under the design condition, the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the boiler is reduced to be below 55 ℃, the flue gas condensation rate is not lower than 8%, the design efficiency of the boiler reaches 98%, the energy efficiency limit values of GB 2455-2020 industrial boilers and 1-grade gas-fired boilers and 3-grade energy efficiency limit values of gas-fired condensing boilers are reached. Meanwhile, the air preheating temperature is not more than 60 ℃, and the low air temperature can ensure the realization of low NOx.
The convection zone 9 of the boiler body part is divided into two parts, and the front part is provided with a light pipe 20 structure for absorbing high-temperature flue gas and blocking flame radiation of a hearth; the rear part is a spiral finned tube 20-1 structure, and a carbon steel base tube and heat-resistant stainless steel fins (laser fusion welding process) are adopted, so that the smoke temperature at the outlet of the body is not more than the saturation temperature and 30 ℃. The lower body outlet temperature makes it possible to reduce the economizer outlet flue gas temperature to 75 ℃, which also ensures that the tail air preheater air temperature rise is not higher than 60 ℃.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the air preheater 2, a multi-layer thin-wall flat plate structure is adopted as a heat exchange surface; the flue gas is arranged from bottom to top and the air is arranged from top to bottom in a pure countercurrent way; the narrow channel design, the gap between the flat plates is only 5 mm; the heat exchange flat plate adopts a 0.3mm 304 large water bead embossed stainless steel plate which can resist oxidation and acid corrosion; the heat exchange coefficient of the flue gas and the air is greatly increased by the structural design, and is increased by more than 2 times compared with that of a conventional tube type air preheater; the structure size and the equipment weight are greatly reduced, and the manufacture is simpler; most importantly, the standard modularized manufacture can be realized like the heating surface of the boiler body, and the load can be increased and decreased only by increasing and decreasing the number of the flat plate layers.
The boiler body and the energy saver 11 both adopt water pipe structures, and the steam drum 12 adopts a transverse type, so that the water capacity of the boiler is greatly reduced, and the water capacity of the boiler is slightly larger by about 1 time compared with an LSS type through-flow boiler with the same specification; it is only 1/5 weak compared to the WNS type boiler. The boiler has small water capacity, so that the steam production speed of the boiler is high, and the energy consumption is relatively small when the boiler is shut down for a long-time intermittent operation. In addition, a flue butterfly valve can be arranged at the smoke outlet, and because the flue adopts a vertical bent structure, a hot air plug can be formed in the flue by closing the flue butterfly valve during blowing out, so that the loss of hot air from gaps is reduced, the heat in the furnace is locked, the discharge of high-temperature air from the chimney port is greatly reduced, and the heat loss during blowing out is reduced. The comprehensive energy efficiency of the boiler is greatly improved through the design.
Claims (5)
1. A novel low-nitrogen emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler is characterized by comprising a fan, an air preheater, a gas valve group, a gas distribution pipe, an air duct, an air distribution chamber, a water-cooling grate, a hearth, a convection zone, a flue, an economizer, a steam pocket, a downcomer, a descending communicating pipe and a water level controller; the heating surface adopts a standard modular design and consists of two groups of membrane wall modules and a plurality of groups of grate convection zone modules; the capacity of the boiler is combined by the number of the grate convection zone modules; the fire grate convection zone module consists of a module lead-in pipe, a module lower header, fire grate finned tubes, a convection zone light pipe, convection zone finned tubes, a module upper header and module lead-out pipes; each module is divided into three functional areas, namely a water-cooling grate, a hearth and a convection area; the water-cooled grate consists of porous ceramics and finned tubes, and mixed gas of air and natural gas uniformly flows to the spiral fin areas on the finned tubes through small holes in the porous ceramics, and enters the hearth for combustion after being preheated along channels among the spiral fins.
2. The novel low-nitrogen-emission cold-flame-combustion integrated steam boiler according to claim 1, wherein the membrane wall module consists of a module inlet pipe, a module lower header, a membrane wall light pipe, membrane wall flat steel, a module upper header and a module outlet pipe; the water-cooled grate is used for water-cooled sealing at two sides of three functional areas, namely a water-cooled grate, a hearth and a convection area.
3. The novel low-nitrogen emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler according to claim 1, wherein the convection area is divided into two parts, a front light pipe for absorbing high-temperature flue gas and blocking hearth flame radiation, and a rear finned tube which is made of carbon steel base tubes and heat-resistant stainless steel fins.
4. The novel low-nitrogen-emission cold-flame-combustion integrated steam boiler as claimed in claim 1, wherein an economizer and an air preheater are arranged at the tail part of the boiler.
5. The new low nitrogen emissions cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air preheater is of a multi-layer thin wall flat plate construction.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112032698A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | Novel low-nitrogen-emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112032698A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | Novel low-nitrogen-emission cold flame combustion integrated steam boiler |
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