CN213654826U - Cyclone separator for shale gas exploitation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shale gas is opened and is adopted spiral-flow type separator relates to oil and gas exploitation ground construction engineering field, including separator casing, leading chamber, distributed tangential hole, cyclone chamber, cyclone separation section, a whirl section of thick bamboo, stock solution chamber, gaseous phase gathering room, reflection cap, broken whirlpool bars, center tube, defroster etc, the last gas-liquid import that communicates with leading chamber in addition of separator casing, separator casing bottom have with the leakage fluid dram of stock solution chamber intercommunication, open at separator casing top has gas outlet. The utility model discloses can effectively improve cyclone anti operating mode fluctuation ability, improve separation efficiency and separation precision to adapt to shale gas exploitation operating mode condition.

Description

Cyclone separator for shale gas exploitation

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an oil and gas exploitation bottom surface construction engineering field particularly, relates to a shale gas is opened and is adopted spiral-flow type separator.

Background

In shale gas field gathering and transportation engineering, liquid or sand from a well is generally required to be separated and removed from natural gas by adopting gas-liquid separation equipment, a gravity separator and a cyclone separator are generally adopted at present, but the gravity separator only depends on gravity settling separation, so that the settling velocity is low, the volume size of the equipment is large, and the integration and skid-mounting are not facilitated; the cyclone centrifugal separator has high efficiency, but has strong sensitivity to linear velocity, and meanwhile, due to the particularity of the shale gas production well, the slug effect formed by the return liquid (fracturing liquid return) in production can cause the fluctuation of the gas-liquid flow of a pipeline, so that the linear velocity is unstable, and the unstable linear velocity can directly influence the cyclone sedimentation separation effect, so that the cyclone separator is always unclean in separation, and the separated natural gas has the problem of liquid carrying.

Therefore, a cyclone separator which can comprehensively replace the cyclone separation and gravity separator adopted by shale gas gathering and transportation and has good separator effect and high separation precision is urgently needed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a shale gas is opened and is adopted spiral-flow type separator can effectively improve the anti operating mode fluctuation ability of cyclone, improves separation efficiency and separation precision to adapt to shale gas exploitation operating mode condition.

For realizing the purpose of the utility model, the technical proposal adopted is that: a cyclone separator for shale gas extraction comprises a separator shell, wherein a cyclone separation structure is arranged in the separator shell, and a cyclone chamber is arranged in the cyclone separation structure; the cyclone separation structure is also provided with a preposed cavity, the cyclone separation structure is also provided with distributed tangential holes for communicating the preposed cavity and the cyclone chamber, and the distributed tangential holes are tangential to the cyclone chamber; and the separator shell is also provided with a gas-liquid inlet communicated with the front cavity.

Further, the preposed cavity surrounds the periphery of the cyclone separation structure; the distributed tangential holes are arranged in a plurality of uniformly spaced mode along the circumferential direction of the cyclone chamber.

Further, the distributed tangential holes are flat and narrow holes.

Furthermore, the cyclone separation structure comprises a cyclone cylinder and a central pipe, the cyclone chamber is an annular space formed between the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder and the outer wall of the central pipe, and the upper end of the cyclone chamber is closed.

Furthermore, a cyclone separation chamber is arranged in the cyclone cylinder and is positioned below the cyclone chamber.

Furthermore, a reflecting cap is further installed at the bottom of the cyclone separation chamber, and the reflecting cap and the cyclone cylinder are coaxially arranged.

Furthermore, the lower part of the reflecting cap is conical, the middle part of the reflecting cap is cylindrical, the top of the reflecting cap is arc-surface-shaped, and the center of the top of the reflecting cap is also provided with a backflow air hole.

Furthermore, a broken cyclone grid is arranged in an annular space between the middle part of the reflecting cap and the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder.

Further, a gas phase gathering chamber is arranged in the separator shell, and the gas phase gathering chamber is positioned above the outlet of the central pipe.

Further, a demister is also arranged in the separator shell and is positioned above the gas phase gathering chamber; and the top of the separator shell is also provided with a gas outlet.

Further, a liquid storage cavity is further formed in the bottom of the separator shell, and a liquid outlet is further formed in the bottom of the separator shell.

The utility model has the advantages that,

1. the separator shell is provided with the preposed cavity, so that fluid enters the preposed cavity for pre-separation before entering the cyclone chamber through the distributed tangential holes, and the fluid in the preposed cavity enables large-size liquid particles to settle and gather at the bottom of the preposed cavity under the action of gravity, so that the pre-separation purpose is achieved, meanwhile, the separator shell has a certain buffering effect, provides a relatively smooth and stable flow velocity for subsequent cyclone, and ensures the precision and efficiency of the separator so as to adapt to the working condition of shale gas exploitation.

2. Through making a plurality of distributed tangential holes arrange along the even interval of swirl chamber circumferencial direction, can not only play the effect of distribution flow, and enable fluid ability symmetry, dispersion and get into the swirl chamber, make the fluid can form the streamline and the centrifugal strength of more continuous symmetry in week.

3. The distributed tangential holes are set to be the flat narrow holes, so that the fluid is closer to the cylinder wall when passing through the distributed tangential holes, the centrifugal settling distance of the fluid is shortened at the beginning when entering the cyclone chamber, and the separation efficiency can be greatly improved; secondly, by utilizing the height of the distributed tangential holes, the gas and liquid of the fluid after pre-separation in the preposed cavity are layered up and down (upper gas and lower liquid) and enter the cyclone chamber from the orifice, namely the upper parts of the distributed tangential holes are gas phases, and the lower parts of the distributed tangential holes are fluid; according to literature and experience, the recommended linear velocity of the cyclone separator for the gas medium is 15 m/s-25 m/s, the liquid medium cyclone separation linear velocity can not be too high, the higher the velocity, the more serious the disturbance, the separation efficiency can be reduced, the recommended linear velocity is 3 m/s-7 m/s, when liquid phase fluid and gas phase fluid at the same orifice, under the same pressure difference, the flow speed of the liquid phase fluid is far lower than that of the gas phase fluid due to the density difference, and the flow rate of the liquid phase fluid is about one fifth of the flow rate of the gas phase fluid by calculation and analysis according to the exploitation condition of the shale gas well, if the gas phase velocity is designed to be 15 m/s-25 m/s, the fluid flow velocity is just within the range of 3 m/s-7 m/s, and the conclusion of the fluid simulation analysis should be proved.

4. Compared with the existing conical reflecting cap, the annular liquid flow channel is formed by the middle part of the reflecting cap and the inner wall of the separator shell, so that the liquid attached to the inner wall of the separator shell can smoothly fall (particularly, shale gas contains a large amount of sand grains, and the contracted bottom is not beneficial to falling of the sand grains), the influence of rotational flow on stirring in the liquid reservoir shell can be effectively eliminated by arranging the rotary breaking piece in the annular liquid flow channel, and the defect that the existing conical reflecting cap has stirring and entrainment effects on liquid particles in the liquid reservoir shell because the reflecting rotational flow penetrates through the bottom of the separator is overcome; meanwhile, the backflow air hole is formed in the center of the top, so that gas entering the liquid storage device shell can effectively form a backflow channel, a relative static space is formed in the liquid storage device shell, and liquid particles can sink.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cyclone separator for shale gas extraction provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the B-direction rotated distributed tangential hole orifice shape of fig. 2.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

the device comprises a gas-liquid inlet 1, a front cavity 2, a distributed tangential hole 3, a separator shell 4, a cyclone chamber 5, a cyclone separation chamber 6, a reflecting cap 7, a broken cyclone grid 8, a backflow air hole 9, a liquid storage cavity 10, a liquid discharge port 11, a central tube 12, a gas phase gathering chamber 13, a demister 14, a gas outlet 15 and a cyclone cylinder 16.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model provides a pair of shale gas is opened and is adopted cyclone separator, including separator casing 4, leading chamber 2, distributed tangential hole 3, whirlwind chamber 5, cyclone separation section 6, cyclone 16, stock solution chamber 11, gaseous phase gathering room 13, reflection cap 7, broken cascade 8, center tube 12, defroster 14 etc, separator casing 4 is last still to have the gas-liquid import 1 with leading chamber 2 intercommunication, and separator casing 4 bottom has the leakage fluid dram 11 with stock solution chamber 10 intercommunication, and open at separator casing 4 top has gas outlet 15.

The pre-chamber 2 is an annular space formed between the inner wall of the separator shell 4 and the outer wall of the cyclone cylinder 7, the pre-chamber 2 is arranged at the periphery of the cyclone chamber 5 and has the function of performing gravity pre-separation on gas-liquid mixed fluid entering from the gas-liquid inlet 1 to enable large-size liquid particles to settle and gather at the bottom of the pre-chamber 2, so that the pre-separation purpose is achieved, meanwhile, the pre-chamber has a certain buffering effect, provides a relatively smooth and stable flow velocity for subsequent cyclone, and ensures the precision and the efficiency of the separator so as to adapt to the working condition of shale gas exploitation.

The distributed tangential holes 3 are used for communicating the preposed cavity 2 with the cyclone chamber 5, the distributed tangential holes 3 are distributed on the cyclone chamber 5 at a circle at intervals, the number of the distributed tangential holes is determined according to flow parameters, the central line of each distributed tangential hole 3 is tangent to the inner wall circle of the cyclone chamber 5, the flow distribution effect can be achieved, fluid can symmetrically and dispersedly enter the cyclone chamber 5, and liquid phase fluid can form more continuous and uniform flow lines and centrifugal strength in the circumferential direction of the cyclone cylinder 10; the shape of the distributed tangential holes 3 is a flat and narrow shape as shown in fig. 3.

The swirl chamber 5 is an annular cavity formed between the outer wall of the central tube 7 and the inner wall of the swirl tube 16, the upper end of the swirl chamber 5 is closed, and the swirl chamber 5 forms a uniform and regular swirl flow line for the mixed medium flow entering from the tangential hole 3.

The cyclone separation chamber 6 is positioned at the bottom of the cyclone separation chamber 6, is a cylindrical airspace formed by the cyclone cylinder 7 and is mainly used for continuing the cyclone flow state of the cyclone chamber 5 and finishing the centrifugal separation effect of liquid beads dispersed in gas-phase fluid and bubbles dispersed in liquid-phase fluid.

The lower part of the reflecting cap 7 is conical, the middle part of the reflecting cap 7 is cylindrical, the top of the reflecting cap 7 is arc-surface-shaped, and the center of the top of the reflecting cap 7 is also provided with a backflow air hole 9; the reflecting cap 7 is used for reflecting and upwards rotating the gas downwards rotating in the cyclone separation chamber 6, and isolating the gas to reduce the kinetic energy influence on the lower liquid storage cavity 10.

The vortex breaking grating 8 is arranged in an annular space formed between the outer edge of the reflecting cap 9 and the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder 16, and the vortex breaking grating 8 is a grating-shaped accessory and can also be other forms of vortex breaking parts. The function of the vortex breaking grid 8 is to change the spiral flow into downward flow when the liquid and a part of gas which are spirally downwards at high speed from the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder 7 pass through the vortex breaking grid 8 so as to eliminate the influence of the cyclone flow on the sedimentation in the liquid storage cavity 10.

The central tube 12 is in a circular tubular shape, and the central tube 12 and the cyclone cylinder 16 are coaxially arranged; the central pipe 12 is used for regulating the streamline of the cyclone chamber 5 to enable splashed liquid to return to cyclone, and the central pipe 12 is used for collecting gas in the cyclone separation chamber 6 and enabling the gas to upwards enter the gas phase gathering chamber 13.

The demister 14 can be wire mesh, grid plate or other demisting component; the demister 14 serves to remove mist from the gas phase fluid by adhering and collecting the mist into water droplets.

The utility model discloses a cyclone's method route is: gas-liquid mixed fluid conveyed from a shale gas well enters the preposed cavity 2 from the gas-liquid inlet 1, the gas-liquid mixed fluid enters the distributed tangential holes 3 in a gas-liquid layered manner after gravity preseparation, the gas-phase fluid and the liquid-phase fluid are tangentially attached to the outer wall of the cyclone chamber 5 at different speeds to enter the cyclone chamber 5, a more regular downward spiral flow line is formed, and the cyclone sedimentation separation of the gas and the liquid conforms to a Stokes model formula. The liquid phase fluid continuously flows downwards spirally along the wall (inner wall of the cyclone cylinder) after entering the cyclone separation chamber 6 from the cyclone chamber 5; the gas phase fluid also makes downward spiral flow at a higher linear velocity, and dispersed water droplet particles mixed in the gas phase fluid continuously settle in the liquid phase fluid towards the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force; a part of the downward-rotating gas-phase fluid rotates downwards to the reflecting cap 7 and then rotates upwards after being reflected; the other part of the gas phase fluid diffuses towards the center of the cyclone separation chamber 6, is collected together with the gas phase fluid which is reflected and upwards spun from the reflection cap 7 in the central pipe 12, upwards passes through the central pipe 12, enters the gas phase collection chamber 13, continuously upwards passes through the demister 14, and the gas which is filtered to remove the fog water in the demister 14 continuously upwards and leaves the separator through the gas outlet 15 to enter a subsequent gas pipeline.

The liquid phase fluid which clings to the inner wall of the cyclone separation chamber 6 and spirally flows downwards enters the cyclone grid 8 together with a part of gas phase fluid, the liquid phase fluid and the gas phase fluid enter the liquid storage cavity 10 after cyclone breaking, the liquid phase fluid falls and deposits at the bottom of the liquid storage cavity 10, and the liquid phase fluid is discharged out of the separator through the liquid discharge port 15; the gas phase fluid returns to the cyclone separation chamber 6 from the return air hole 9 through the inner cavity of the reflecting cap 7 and is collected in the reflecting upward cyclone.

The utility model provides a shale gas opens and adopts cyclone separator and the cyclone separation technique among the prior art than, more can be applicable to shale gas production and use, and can replace the defeated cyclone separator and the gravity separator who adopts of shale gas collection comprehensively, separation efficiency and separation precision all are superior to the separator equipment among the prior art with the operating mode.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The cyclone separator for shale gas exploitation is characterized by comprising a separator shell (4), wherein a cyclone separation structure is installed in the separator shell (4), and a cyclone chamber (5) is arranged in the cyclone separation structure; the cyclone separation structure is also provided with a preposed cavity (2), the cyclone separation structure is also provided with distributed tangential holes (3) for communicating the preposed cavity (2) with the cyclone chamber (5), and the distributed tangential holes (3) are tangential to the cyclone chamber (5); the separator shell (4) is also provided with a gas-liquid inlet (1) communicated with the front cavity (2).

2. A shale gas separation cyclone separator according to claim 1 wherein the pre-chamber (2) surrounds the periphery of the cyclone separation structure; the distributed tangential holes (3) are multiple, and the distributed tangential holes (3) are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cyclone chamber (5).

3. A shale gas separation cyclone separator according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the distributed tangential holes (3) are flat narrow holes.

4. The cyclone separator for shale gas exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone separation structure comprises a cyclone cylinder (16) and a central tube (12), the cyclone chamber (5) is an annular space formed between an inner wall of the cyclone cylinder (16) and an outer wall of the central tube (12), and an upper end of the cyclone chamber (5) is closed.

5. A shale gas exploitation cyclonic separator according to claim 4, wherein the cyclone cartridge (16) further comprises a cyclone chamber (6) therein, and the cyclone chamber (6) is located below the cyclone chamber (5); the bottom of the cyclone separation chamber (6) is also provided with a reflecting cap (7), and the reflecting cap (7) and the cyclone cylinder (16) are coaxially arranged.

6. The cyclone separator for shale gas exploitation according to claim 5, wherein the lower portion of the reflection cap (7) is conical, the middle portion of the reflection cap (7) is cylindrical, the top of the reflection cap (7) is arc-surface-shaped, and the center of the top of the reflection cap (7) is further provided with a backflow air hole (9).

7. A cyclone separator for shale gas exploitation according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a broken cyclone grid (8) is further arranged in an annular space between the middle part of the reflecting cap (7) and the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder (16).

8. A cyclone separator for shale gas exploitation according to claim 4, wherein the separator housing (4) further comprises a gas phase collecting chamber (13) therein, and the gas phase collecting chamber (13) is located above the outlet of the central tube (12).

9. A cyclone separator for shale gas exploitation according to claim 8, wherein a demister (14) is further installed in the separator housing (4), and the demister (14) is located above the gas phase aggregation chamber (13); and a gas outlet (15) is also formed in the top of the separator shell (4).

10. The cyclone separator for shale gas exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the separator housing (4) further comprises a liquid storage chamber (10) at the bottom, and the separator housing (4) further comprises a liquid discharge port (11) at the bottom.

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