CN213517410U - Insulator testing device based on high-voltage pulse method - Google Patents
Insulator testing device based on high-voltage pulse method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides an insulator testing arrangement based on high-voltage pulse method. The testing device comprises a high-voltage pulse generating unit, a voltage conditioning module, a high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit and a processing module; the high-voltage pulse generating unit carries out boosting inversion and voltage-multiplying rectification processing on the direct current low voltage, controls boosting amplitude and period through the processing module to generate direct current pulse high-voltage output with a set period, collects pulse low-voltage signals at two ends of the insulator and voltage at two ends of the sampling resistor, and calculates a test result through the processing module. The utility model discloses exportable amplitude and width adjustable pulse high pressure are measured the insulator resistance to can transmit experimental data to hand-held type equipment through the bluetooth communication, carry out data display, analysis judgement and image processing, also can the equivalent exchanges withstand voltage test simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electron and high voltage electricity technical field especially relate to large-tonnage zero value or low value high voltage insulator detect based on high-voltage pulse method's insulator testing arrangement.
Background
High voltage insulators are one of the devices widely used in power systems. The degree of quality is directly related to the safe and stable operation of the power system, so that it is necessary to detect the poor insulator in the insulators. The insulation resistance is an important parameter for representing the quality degree of the insulator, and the good insulation resistance is an important precondition for ensuring the normal operation of the insulator. The high-voltage insulator can be influenced by factors such as lightning stroke, hailstones, dirt, wind, rain and the like, and the effects of strong electric field, strong current and strong mechanical stress in the long-term operation of a power system, so that the probability of failure in the long-term operation process after the network is hung is very high. Poor or broken insulators seriously threaten the stable and safe operation of a power system, so the insulation resistance of the insulators must be measured timely and regularly to ensure that the insulators meet the specified use requirements. At present, the following methods are mainly used for the online detection of the insulator:
(1) and (3) an observation method: most commonly, the common surface defects can be found by observing under a tower through binoculars, and comprise the corrosion and the coarseness of an insulating umbrella skirt, the corrosion groove and the corrosion trace of an outer coating, the flashover of the insulating umbrella skirt, the cracking of the umbrella skirt or the outer coating, the crushing of the outer coating, the exposure of a core rod and the like, but the ground observation is not reliable enough, the tower climbing detection is needed, and the internal insulation fault is difficult to find.
(2) An ultraviolet imaging method: for detecting partial discharges at the surface of the insulator. Small but stable surface partial discharges can cause severe erosion of the outer cladding of the insulator, and these discharges can be observed by night vision devices. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires night time operation and that partial discharges just occur at the time of detection.
(3) Infrared thermometry: the local temperature of the insulator is increased due to the detection of the dielectric loss or the resistance loss when the local discharge and the leakage current flow through the insulating material, and the local temperature detection device can be used for ground detection, but the device is complex and is easily influenced by the sunlight, strong wind, moisture, the ambient temperature and some factors (such as gust, floating cloud and other objective factors) which can cause the surface temperature of the insulator to change rapidly.
(4) The acoustic wave method comprises the following steps: the sensitivity of the acoustic wave emitted by the partial discharge of the insulator is lower than that of an infrared imaging method. The difficulty is that corona often occurs to the high-voltage end hardware during actual measurement, and the generated background noise can submerge sound waves generated by the defects of the insulator.
(5) Electric field measurement method: the North China electric power university develops the DL-1 insulator detector based on the electric field measurement method. The detector comprises a probe for measuring an electric field, a bracket for mounting the probe, an insulating rod, a data display system and the like. The probe is internally provided with circuits for electric field measurement, data acquisition, data storage and the like, an RS232 interface for communicating with a microcomputer, and a light emitting diode circuit for recording the position of the umbrella sheet. During detection, the probe slides back and forth along the insulator by using the insulating rod, the axial electric field value of the insulator is stored in a memory in the probe and is transmitted into a computer through an RS232 interface, an electric field distribution curve is made, and the internal insulation defect is judged according to the shape of the electric field distribution curve. The voltage distribution detection has the characteristics of intuition and accurate judgment of the change of the performance of the insulator. The electric field measurement method overcomes the defects of low accuracy, difficult reading and the like of the previous measurement method, and although the self-climbing insulator detector is developed, the labor intensity of field operators is relatively reduced, the measurement can be completed only by climbing at each time, the labor intensity of the operators is still high, and the working safety is poor.
In the prior art, an infrared temperature measurement method, an ultraviolet imaging method and a sound wave method have high requirements on the environment, the measurement precision is easily interfered by environmental factors, and the equipment is expensive. If the observation method and the electric field measurement method need to realize accurate measurement, the worker needs to ascend, the labor intensity of the operator is high, and the safety is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide an insulator testing arrangement and test method based on high-voltage pulse method, this testing arrangement exportable amplitude and width adjustable pulse high pressure are measured insulator resistance to can transmit experimental data to hand-held type equipment through the bluetooth communication, carry out data display, analysis judgement and image processing, also can equally exchange withstand voltage test simultaneously, have characteristics such as output stability, small, convenient to carry.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the utility model provides an insulator testing device based on a high-voltage pulse method; the testing device comprises a high-voltage pulse generating unit, a voltage conditioning module, a high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit and a processing module;
the high-voltage pulse generating unit performs boosting inversion and voltage-multiplying rectification processing on the direct-current low voltage, and controls the boosting amplitude and the period to generate direct-current pulse high-voltage output with a set period through the processing module;
the voltage conditioning module divides the direct current pulse high voltage at two ends of the insulator into direct current pulse low voltage;
the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit acquires direct-current pulse low voltage subjected to voltage division processing by the voltage conditioning module and voltage at two ends of a sampling resistor connected with the insulator in series and transmits the voltage to the processing module;
the processing module receives the pulse low-voltage signals acquired by the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit in real time and the voltage signals at the two ends of the sampling resistor, calculates the actual voltage signals and the actual current signals at the two ends of the insulator, and calculates the test result.
The utility model discloses further technical scheme: the testing device further comprises a communication module and a display and control terminal, wherein the display and control terminal performs data interaction with the processing module through the communication module, performs remote control on the processing module, and receives and displays a testing result output by the communication module.
The utility model discloses further technical scheme: the high-voltage pulse generating unit comprises a direct-current low-voltage battery, a boosting module and a voltage-multiplying rectifying module; the direct-current low-voltage battery supplies power to the whole testing device; the boosting module inverts the direct current low voltage generated by the direct current low-voltage battery into intermediate frequency alternating current voltage through one-stage or two-stage or more than two-stage boosting, controls the boosting amplitude and period of the boosting module through the processing module, generates intermediate frequency alternating current pulse voltage and outputs the intermediate frequency alternating current pulse voltage to the voltage-multiplying rectification module; and the voltage-multiplying rectification module receives the intermediate-frequency alternating-current pulse voltage output by the boosting module after boosting inversion, and performs voltage-multiplying rectification to form direct-current pulse high-voltage output.
The utility model discloses further technical scheme: the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit comprises a sampling resistor and an AD acquisition module which are connected with the insulator in series, and pulse low-voltage signals and voltages at two ends of the sampling resistor after partial pressure processing are acquired in real time through the AD acquisition module and are transmitted to the processing module.
The utility model discloses further technical scheme: the processing module is used for calculating the actual voltage u of the insulator from the pulse low-voltage signals collected in real time through voltage ratio, obtaining current signals at two ends of the sampling resistor, namely the current I of the insulator, through I/V conversion of the voltage signals at two ends of the sampling resistor, integrating within a time period T to obtain an effective value, and calculating to obtain a result of the insulator insulation resistance; the calculation of the insulation resistance of the insulator is as follows:
calculating an effective value U of the voltage signal according to the collected voltage signal U and the continuous pulse width T of the voltage signal U:
calculating the effective value I of the current signal according to the collected current signal I and the continuous pulse width T of the current signal I:
calculating the resistance R of the insulator under the pulse high voltage according to the effective value U of the voltage signal and the effective value I of the current signal:
the utility model discloses further technical scheme: the testing device comprises a lower-layer base, a lower-layer shell, an upper-layer base, an upper-layer insulating shell and a top end cover; the main control board and the boosting board are arranged between the lower base and the upper base, the main control board is mounted on the lower base through a support frame, the boosting board is mounted above the main control board through a support frame, the direct-current low-voltage battery is mounted between the lower base and the main control board, the processing module and the communication template are mounted on the main control board, the boosting module is mounted on the boosting board, and the lower shell is hermetically sealed and sleeved outside the main control board, the boosting board, the direct-current low-voltage battery, the processing module and the boosting module; the voltage-multiplying rectification module and the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit are arranged between the upper-layer base and the top end cover, and the upper-layer insulating shell is sealed and sleeved outside the voltage-multiplying rectification module and the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit; the lower-layer base is provided with a power interface and a control switch, the upper-layer base is provided with a grounding terminal and an output high-voltage tail connected with one end of the insulator to be detected, and the top end cover is provided with an output high-voltage head connected with the other end of the insulator to be detected.
The utility model discloses better technical scheme: the boost module comprises a first-stage boost circuit and a second-stage boost circuit, the first-stage boost circuit comprises a push-pull drive circuit, the direct-current low voltage generated by a direct-current low-voltage power supply is boosted to a set first-stage voltage through a transformer, the first-stage boost circuit realizes that the output voltage is controllable and adjustable through a closed-loop feedback control system with isolation, and the processing module controls the amplitude of the first-stage boost; the second-stage booster circuit inverts the direct-current bus voltage output by the first-stage booster circuit into intermediate-frequency voltage through the half-bridge inverter circuit, the intermediate-frequency voltage is boosted to set second-stage intermediate-frequency voltage through the high-voltage pack booster circuit, and the processing template controls the period of second-stage boosting output.
The utility model comprises a high-voltage pulse generating unit and a high-voltage sampling and measuring part; the Bluetooth handheld device has the functions of wirelessly setting the high-voltage pulse width, wirelessly starting to control the output of the high-voltage pulse, wirelessly collecting measurement data and measurement results, displaying and analyzing the data and the like; the high-voltage pulse generation unit is a portable device for supplying power to a lithium battery, an industrial microprocessor is used as a core, and the required high voltage is achieved through two-stage boosting and 6-time voltage-multiplying rectification; generating high-voltage pulse with a set period by controlling the output period of the direct-current high voltage; the high-voltage sampling measurement part is loaded to two ends of the insulator through high-voltage pulses, the voltages at the two ends of the insulator are isolated and collected through AD, the voltages at the two ends of the sampling resistor are collected, and the current is obtained through I/V conversion, so that the insulation resistor of the insulator is obtained. The utility model discloses can measure insulator resistance, equivalent alternating current high voltage withstand voltage test, convenient to carry, safety, easy operation again.
The utility model discloses exportable amplitude and width adjustable pulse high pressure are measured the insulator resistance to can transmit experimental data to hand-held type equipment through the bluetooth communication, carry out data display, analysis judgement and image processing, also can the equivalent exchanges withstand voltage test simultaneously. The tester has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, simple and convenient use and the like, and simultaneously adopts a rechargeable lithium battery power supply mode to facilitate carrying and field measurement, so that the deteriorated porcelain insulator can be quickly, cheaply and effectively detected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic external structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection test with the insulator according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a high voltage pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a signal sampling circuit of the middle/high voltage pulse detection insulator of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram for medium voltage doubling rectification and voltage division;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a first stage boost configuration;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second stage boost configuration;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the signal calculation and analysis collected by the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a high value insulator curve;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a low value insulator curve;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the connections for insulation resistance testing using a megohmmeter;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a connection for resistance testing using AC high voltage;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a connection for resistance testing using pulsed high voltage;
16-1 to 16-4 are graphs of voltage and current of T0001# insulator tested under different high-voltage pulse width conditions of 60 kV;
17-1 to 17-4 are graphs of voltage and current of T0002# insulator tested under different high voltage pulse width conditions of 60 kV.
Fig. 18-1 to 18-6 are graphs of test voltage and current of different insulators in test three.
In the figure: 1-lower floor's base, 101-power source, 102-control switch, 2-lower floor's shell, 3-upper base, 301-earthing terminal, 302-output high-voltage tail, 4-upper insulation shell, 5-top end cover, 501-output high-voltage head, 6-main control board, 7-liter board, 8-direct current low voltage battery, 9-processing module, 10-voltage doubling rectifier module, 11-high voltage acquisition measuring unit, 12-wait to detect the insulator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to perform more detailed description on the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment provides an insulator testing device based on a high-voltage pulse method, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the testing device includes a lower base 1, a lower shell 2, an upper base 3, an upper insulating shell 4, a top end cover 5, a high-voltage pulse generating unit, a high-voltage collecting and measuring unit, a processing module, a communication module and a display and control terminal; the high-voltage pulse generating unit comprises a direct-current low-voltage battery block, a boosting module and a voltage-multiplying rectifying module; a main control board 6 and a boosting board 7 are arranged between the lower base 1 and the upper base 3, the main control board 6 is installed on the lower base 1 through a support frame, and the boosting board 7 is installed above the main control board 6 through a support frame; the direct-current low-voltage battery 8 is arranged between the lower-layer base 1 and the main control board 6; the processing module 9 and the communication template are arranged on the main control board 6, the boosting module is arranged on the boosting board 7, and the lower shell 2 is hermetically sleeved outside the main control board 6, the boosting board 7, the direct-current low-voltage battery 8, the processing module 9 and the boosting module; the voltage-multiplying rectification module 10 and the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit 11 are arranged between the upper-layer base 3 and the top end cover 5, and the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit 11 comprises a voltage conditioning module, a sampling resistor connected with the insulator in series and an AD acquisition module; the upper insulating shell 4 is hermetically sleeved outside the voltage doubling rectifying module and the high voltage acquisition measuring unit; the lower base 1 is provided with a power interface 101 (charging interface) and a control switch 102, the upper base 3 is provided with a grounding terminal 301 and an output high-voltage tail 302 connected with one end of the insulator 12 to be detected, and the top end cover 5 is provided with an output high-voltage head 501 connected with the other end of the insulator 12 to be detected.
In the embodiment, a rechargeable 24V lithium battery is used as a direct-current low-voltage battery block 8 in the insulator testing device to provide power for the whole testing device, as shown in fig. 3, 8 and 9, the boosting template comprises a secondary boosting circuit, the primary boosting circuit comprises a push-pull driving circuit, the direct-current low voltage generated by a direct-current low-voltage power supply is boosted to a set primary voltage through a transformer, the primary boosting circuit realizes controllable and adjustable output voltage through a closed-loop feedback control system with isolation, and a processing module controls a pulse width controller chip to control the amplitude of the primary boosting; the second-stage booster circuit inverts the direct-current bus voltage output after the first-stage boosting into intermediate-frequency voltage through the half-bridge inverter circuit, the intermediate-frequency voltage is boosted to the second stage through the high-voltage pack booster circuit, the set intermediate-frequency voltage is output to the voltage-multiplying rectification module, and the processing template controls the period of the second-stage boosting output. The voltage-multiplying rectification module receives the high-frequency alternating-current pulse voltage output by the boosting module after boosting inversion, and performs voltage-multiplying rectification to form direct-current pulse voltage output; the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit comprises a voltage conditioning module, a sampling resistor and an AD acquisition module which are connected with the insulator in series; the voltage conditioning module divides the direct current pulse voltage at two ends of the insulator into direct current pulse low voltage; the AD acquisition module acquires pulse low-voltage signals subjected to voltage division processing in real time and the voltages at two ends of the sampling resistor and transmits the pulse low-voltage signals and the voltages to the processing module; the processing module receives pulse low-voltage signals acquired by the AD acquisition module in real time, calculates actual high-voltage voltages at two ends of the insulator through a resistance-capacitance voltage-dividing ratio, receives voltage signals acquired by the AD acquisition module in real time at two ends of the sampling resistor, obtains actual current of the calculated insulator through I/V conversion, and calculates an effective value of integral of the actual voltage and the actual current at two ends of the insulator in acquisition time T to obtain an insulating test result of the insulator. The communication module is a Bluetooth module, the display terminal is a Bluetooth handheld device with a slotted hole system and a display screen, a tablet or a mobile phone can be directly adopted, the display and control terminal carries out data interaction with the processing module through the communication module, carries out remote control on the processing module, has a good operation graphical interface, and receives and displays a test result output by the communication module.
It is directed to combine specific embodiment below to the utility model discloses a further explain, according to "500 kV ~ 1000kV transmission line degradation suspension insulator testing procedure" (Q/GDW516-2010) requirement, when the installation of extra-high voltage porcelain insulator, should only need not to be less than 5000V insulation resistance table measurement insulation resistance one by one, its insulator resistance value is not less than 500M omega under dry condition. At present, the zero value detection means of the insulator of the extra-high voltage line mainly depends on an insulation resistance meter, a simple pulse device, a spark fork method and a voltage distribution method for testing, and the application effect is not ideal because the testing voltage of the method is too low, the device is heavy, the operation is complex or the accuracy is greatly influenced by the external environment. Due to the accuracy of the test method and the equipment, an operating unit cannot effectively perform zero value detection on the porcelain insulator of the extra-high voltage line. Therefore, the project provides the trial production requirements of the portable insulator zero-value testing device, and the requirements are as follows: the output voltage is more than 60kV, and the deviation is less than 5%; the test range is 0-5000M omega, and the resolution is as follows: 1M omega, the error is not more than 10%; the weight is not more than 3 kg; the continuous use times of the power supply during single charging are not less than 5000 times. The device is small and portable, has high accuracy, and can detect the insulators one by one under the condition that the batten box is not disassembled.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical parameter requirements of the insulator testing device in the embodiment are as follows: output high voltage DC60 kV; the high-voltage pulse width can be set to be 50ms, 100ms and 200 ms; the voltage measurement resolution is 0.1 kV; the voltage measurement precision is 5% +/-1 reading; the current measurement resolution is 0.05 uA; the current measurement precision is 5% +/-1 reading; the resistance measurement precision is 10% +/-1 reading; the test times of the high-value insulator are 5000 times; a power supply: DC 24V. The testing device comprises two parts, wherein one part is a Bluetooth handheld device, and the other part is a high-voltage pulse testing device. For the technical parameters, the hardware device parameters and the signal sampling mode of the device are researched and selected.
Selecting battery capacity: according to the requirement of 5000 times of detection tests of a high-voltage pulse method of a high-value insulator, the test voltage is 60kV, the high-value resistance is usually larger than 1G, the pulse current duration is 10ms, and the required energy is as follows:
the efficiency of the high-voltage pulse generator is set to be 50%, the required energy is 0.1 (W.h), the energy required for 5000 times of measurement on the high-value insulator is extremely small, and the energy consumption of a microprocessor, a Bluetooth communication interface module, a data acquisition module and other modules is mainly considered for selecting the battery capacity of the device.
The high-voltage pulse test device adopts a low-power consumption design, adopts DC24V and 3.6 (A.h) batteries for power supply, and completely meets the requirement of test times. The Bluetooth handheld device adopts an ultra-long standby panel and is matched with a high-voltage pulse test device to complete high-order number detection.
(II) designing and selecting parameters of the high-voltage pulse generator: the high-voltage pulse width control unit, the pulse generator, the high-frequency transformer and the voltage-doubling rectifying circuit form a high-voltage pulse generator with settable pulse width, specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the pulse width control of the high-voltage pulse generator adopts PWM pulse width modulation, and the control pulse is output to the voltage-doubling rectifying circuit through the high-frequency transformer via the pulse generator to generate high-voltage pulse output. The high-voltage output Um of the high-frequency transformer is 10000V, and the transformation ratio is 100: 10000, design power 12W, design weight 0.25 kg. As shown in FIG. 7, a 6-time voltage rectification circuit is adopted, and high-voltage sampling is performed by using a 1:10000 voltage division arm consisting of 500M and 50K. A resistor with 10M of short-circuit current limiting and a sampling resistor with 1.0K are connected into a load loop and connected with a voltage dependent resistor with overvoltage protection in parallel, and the high-voltage output is 6Um, namely the pulse voltage is 60 kV. The main element parameters are as follows: c1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6 adopt high-voltage capacitors of 1000pF/30 kV. D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 are high-voltage diodes with the voltage withstanding of 30 kV.
(III) Signal sampling design and Signal analysis method
The high-voltage pulse detection device in the embodiment adopts the battery for power supply, the whole device is suspended relative to the ground, only the output high-voltage head and the output high-voltage tail are led out, and the direct detection of opening the insulator is facilitated. The pulse high voltage ground of signal sampling is in the device, its signal sampling circuit is as shown in fig. 6, the pulse voltage adopts resistance voltage division sampling, the resistance arm is set up between output high voltage head and pulse high voltage ground, design transformation ratio 500M: 50K, namely the transformation ratio is 10000, and the full scale of the signal is 10V. The pulse current adopts resistance sampling, the sampling resistor is arranged between the output high-voltage tail and the pulse high-voltage ground, the sampling resistor is 1K/2W and exceeds 56V, and the sampling resistor is protected by a piezoresistor. The signal acquisition adopts high-precision ADC, ADS8568, the highest sampling rate is 500kbps, the sampling resolution is 16bit, the calculation and analysis of the signal acquisition are schematically shown in figure 10, and the effective value of the signal is calculated according to the acquired current and the continuous pulse width T of the current signal i:
the utility model discloses a test method is further explained below with specific embodiment, the utility model discloses when testing to the insulator, as shown in fig. 4, with insulator testing arrangement's output high pressure head 501, be connected to the insulator 12 one end that awaits measuring, earthing terminal 301 is connected to the earth, output high pressure tail 302 is connected to the other end that awaits measuring insulator 12, open high-voltage insulator tester APP software in testing arrangement and handheld demonstration and control terminal (such as flat board or cell-phone), find instrument bluetooth ID number, click the connection, get into test interface, carry out the parameter setting before testing through the terminal, select experimental voltage grade, test pulse time isoparametric, open the power, boost, it starts the test to click after showing that boost succeeds then the instrument starts testing, carry out data transmission after the test is accomplished, backstage data processing; after the test is completed, press again to start testing and repeat the test. And after the test is finished, the power supply is turned off by clicking, and after the discharge, the sample is replaced, and the operation is repeated to perform the next sample test. The specific test steps are as follows:
(1) the DC battery DC24V is inverted and rectified to DC 400V by a push-pull circuit, the DC 400V is inverted to +/-200V square wave voltage by a half-bridge circuit, the voltage is boosted to 1 ten thousand volts by a high-voltage transformer, and the output reaches DC60KV by a 6-time voltage rectification circuit; the pulse width modulation controller is regulated through the voltage feedback circuit 1#, so that the output of the first stage is kept constant at 400V (adjustable), an MCU signal is given by an external key, and the conduction of a 24V power supply is controlled through RELAY 1; controlling RELAY _ GROUP to switch the output voltage gear; controlling RELAY2 to cut off the half-bridge inversion driving signal; controlling RELAY3 to switch on the high-voltage pulse output, and controlling the on-time so as to control the high-voltage pulse period;
(3) processing the collected direct current pulse high-voltage partial pressure into low-voltage pulse for collection;
(4) low-voltage pulse signals at two ends of the insulator are collected through AD, and actual high voltages at two ends of the insulator are calculated through a resistance-capacitance voltage division ratio; acquiring voltage signals at two ends of a sampling resistor connected with the insulator in series through AD (analog-to-digital), calculating the actual current of the insulator through I/V (input/output) conversion, integrating the actual voltage and the actual current at the two ends of the insulator in a time period T to obtain an effective value, calculating the result of the insulator insulation resistor, and sending the result to a display and control terminal through a communication module to display the result; the test result comprises insulator resistance and current-voltage curves, wherein the curves can be directly displayed through a terminal and respectively detected for a high-value insulator and a low-value insulator, the high-value insulator curve is shown in fig. 11, and the low-value insulator curve is shown in fig. 12; the calculation process of the insulator resistance test result is as follows:
a. through the real-time pulse low-voltage signal u of two ends of insulator1According to the voltage transformation ratio K of the divided voltageUCalculating the actual voltage u-u at two ends of the insulator1/KUAnd calculating the effective value U of the voltage signals at the two ends of the insulator according to the actual voltage U at the two ends of the insulator and the continuous pulse width T of the voltage signal U:
b. by real-time acquisition of the actual voltage u across the sampling resistor2According to the actual voltage u across the sampling resistor2And the sampling resistor Rs calculates the current flowing through the sampling resistor
Namely the actual current of the insulator, and calculating the effective value I of the current signal of the insulator according to the actual current I and the continuous pulse width T of the current signal I:
c. and c, calculating the resistance R of the insulator under the pulse high voltage according to the effective value U of the voltage signals at the two ends of the insulator calculated in the step a and the effective value I of the current signals of the insulator calculated in the step b:
the quality of the insulator can be directly judged by calculating the resistance of the insulator; and judging according to the current-voltage curve. As shown in fig. 4, the voltage can be boosted to a level close to the set voltage value, the current is small, and the curve is smooth. High value insulation. As shown in fig. 5, the voltage does not rise to the set value, the insulation of the insulator is poor, the insulator breaks down under high voltage, and the current becomes large and the voltage decreases and oscillates.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description.
Test one: the inventor of this application is still to the utility model provides a resistance test carries out contrast test under resistance test and megohmmeter insulation resistance test, the interchange high voltage under the pulse high voltage specifically as follows:
comparative test a: megger insulation resistance test
Selecting two high-value and low-value extra-high voltage porcelain insulators, measuring the 1s, 5s, 15s and 60s insulation resistances of the insulators by using a conventional insulation resistance meter after the voltage is measured by a boosted value; measuring 1s, 5s, 15s and 60s alternating current resistance under each voltage of below 50kV (60 kV); and measuring insulation resistance values under different pulse width pulse high voltages, comparing the change conditions of the resistance values with the consistency of the insulation characteristics, and analyzing the feasibility of high-voltage pulse method measurement. The insulation resistance value at each time was measured at 2500V and 5000V using a 5000V megohmmeter. According to the wiring of fig. 13, the voltage is boosted to the measurement voltage value in advance, the output high voltage end of the megohmmeter touches the insulator measurement end, and the insulation resistance values at the time of 1s, 5s, 15s, 60s and the like are read, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 insulation resistance values at various voltages for high and low value insulators
As can be seen from table 1, the megameter fails to test the extra high voltage low value insulation resistance.
Comparative test B: resistance test under AC high voltage
The voltage is gradually increased by a 50kV test transformer, and the voltage value at each moment is measured under the voltages of 10kV, 20kV, 30kV, 40kV and 50 kV. The wiring according to fig. 14 is boosted to the measured voltage value and checked to see if breakdown occurred at 1s, 5s, 15s, 60s, etc., see table 2.
TABLE 2 breakdown State under AC high Voltage
From table 2, the resistance value at each time is changed very little, and under the ac high voltage, there is no obvious dielectric polarization effect, and the high voltage ac resistance remains unchanged. When the voltage rises to 44kV, the low-value insulator breaks down, the high-voltage protection current is 0.5A, and the alternating current resistance of the low-value insulator is less than 88K ohms and shows a zero value. From the measurement result, the alternating current high voltage resistance can reflect the insulation characteristic of the insulator, the low value insulator can be punctured under a certain alternating current high voltage, and the measured alternating current resistance is extremely small relative to a normal value.
Comparative test C: resistance testing under pulsed high voltage
As shown in fig. 15, a dc high voltage generator is used to charge the high voltage capacitor to a test voltage (60kV at the maximum), a test high voltage pulse is input to the upper end of the insulator through a resistor R and a high voltage switch, the width of the high voltage pulse is determined by the on-off interval (29 ms at the shortest), the test pulse voltage is sampled by adopting resistor voltage division, for the convenience of accessing an oscilloscope, the voltage division ratio is 5000:1, 200K/2W resistor sampling pulse current is connected in series at the high voltage tail, and a signal is accessed to the oscilloscope. And detecting the pulse voltage and the pulse current, solving an average value of two equivalent signals which are equivalent to an effective value, and dividing to obtain the insulation resistance value under the high-voltage pulse. The high voltage pulse widths were set to 59ms, 100ms, 500ms, and 1s, respectively, and the following insulation resistance values were obtained.
TABLE 3 resistance at pulsed high voltage
Compared with the insulation resistance data of the porcelain insulator measured by the traditional megger, the steady-state high-voltage alternating-current power supply and the high-voltage pulse power supply, the traditional megger cannot effectively detect the degraded porcelain insulator; when the voltage rises to be over 50kV, both the steady-state alternating current withstand voltage and the pulse high voltage can breakdown the degraded porcelain insulator, and the insulation characteristic is detected; for the good porcelain insulator, the measured insulation resistance value has better consistency with the insulation resistance value measured by the steady-state high-voltage alternating-current power supply.
And (2) test II: the inventors of the present application also conducted experimental studies on prototypes of the test apparatuses in the examples, the test subjects of which: t0001# (high value insulator with good performance); t0002# (bad low value insulator);
test equipment: in the 60KV high-voltage pulse high-voltage method insulator tester in the embodiment, a handheld terminal adopts a Huacheng tablet personal computer;
the testing process comprises the following steps: under the condition that other test conditions are the same, two insulators under different test voltages and different high-voltage pulse widths are tested, the test results are as follows, wherein the dark color is a voltage curve and the light color is a current curve in the following curve chart:
the 60kV curve chart of the T0001# insulator test is shown in figure 16-1 (high-voltage pulse width 50ms), figure 16-2 (high-voltage pulse width 100ms), figure 16-3 (high-voltage pulse width 200ms) and figure 16-4 (high-voltage pulse width 500 ms);
the 60kV curve chart of the T0002# insulator test is shown in figure 17-1 (high-voltage pulse width 50ms), figure 17-2 (high-voltage pulse width 100ms), figure 17-3 (high-voltage pulse width 200ms) and figure 17-4 (high-voltage pulse width 500 ms);
the test results of the T0001# insulator under the conditions of 30kV, 40kV, 50kV and 60kV are shown in tables 4 to 7 respectively:
TABLE 4 30Kv test result table for T0001# insulator
| |
1 | 2 | 3 |
| 50ms | 414M | 431M | 410M |
| 100ms | 909M | 913M | 885M |
| 200ms | 2110M | 2221M | 1974M |
| 500ms | 14182M | 15650M | 15650M |
TABLE 5T 0001# insulator 40Kv test results Table
| |
1 | 2 | 3 |
| 50ms | 396M | 408M | 396M |
| 100ms | 886M | 834M | 878M |
| 200ms | 1954M | 1936M | 1930M |
| 500ms | 7409M | 7797M | 8108M |
TABLE 6 50Kv test results table for T0001# insulator
TABLE 7 60Kv test results table for T0001# insulator
| |
1 | 2 | 3 |
| 50ms | 374M | 382M | 229M |
| 100ms | 759M | 741M | 759M |
| 200ms | 1472M | 1472M | 1389M |
| 500ms | 3364M | 3364M | 3006M |
The test results of the T0002# insulator under the conditions of 30kV, 40kV, 50kV and 60kV are respectively shown in tables 8 to 11:
TABLE 8 TABLE 0002# INSULATOR 30Kv TEST RESULT TABLE
| |
1 | 2 | 3 |
| 50ms | 31M | 31M | 31M |
| 100ms | 33M | 34M | 33M |
| 200ms | 34M | 35M | 35M |
| 500ms | 36M | 36M | 36M |
TABLE 9T 0002# insulator 40Kv test results table
| |
1 | 2 | 3 |
| 50ms | 27M | 30M | 31M |
| 100ms | 32M | 32M | 33M |
| 200ms | 33M | 34M | 35M |
| 500ms | 35M | 35M | 35M |
TABLE 10T 0002# insulator 50Kv test results table
| |
1 | 2 | 3 |
| 50ms | 16M | 20M | 17M |
| 100ms | 22M | 23M | 23M |
| 200ms | 29M | 26M | 25M |
| 500ms | 32M | 32M | 32M |
TABLE 11T 0002# insulator 60Kv test results table
| |
1 | 2 | 3 |
| 50ms | 15M | 16M | 15M |
| 100ms | 18M | 21M | 17M |
| 200ms | 24M | 22M | 22M |
| 500ms | 26M | 25M | 26M |
The result of the second test shows that the measured value of the high-value insulator is related to the integration time, and the longer the time is, the larger the value is; the higher the test voltage level, the smaller the value; the low value insulator is tested under different voltage grades, and the insulativity is not greatly different.
And (3) test III: the inventor of the application also carries out test comparison on a prototype of the testing device in the embodiment and a common resistance tester;
test equipment a: in the 60KV high-voltage pulse high-voltage method insulator tester in the embodiment, a handheld terminal adopts a Huacheng tablet personal computer;
test equipment B: existing insulation resistance testers;
test objects: t001# (bad low value insulator); t002# (a high-value insulator with good performance); t003# (defective insulator);
the testing device A and the testing device B are respectively adopted to test three types of insulators, and the test curve diagram of the testing device A is shown in fig. 18-1(T001# -30KV/100ms curve diagram), fig. 18-2 (T001# -60KV/100ms curve diagram), fig. 18-3(T002# -30KV/100ms curve diagram), fig. 18-4 (T002# -60KV/100ms curve diagram), fig. 18-5(T003# -30KV/100ms curve diagram) and fig. 18-6 (T003# -60KV/100ms curve diagram); in the above graph, the dark color is a voltage curve, and the light color is a current curve:
the insulator test results are shown in table 11:
table 11 insulator test results of test three
| And a device B: resistance tester | Device A: 30KV/100ms | Device A: 50KV/100ms | |
| T001# | 250 | 105M | 31M |
| T002# | 1.2G | 156M | 48M |
| T003# | >20G | 924M | 985M |
According to the test results, the insulation resistance tester and the pulse high voltage tester for the T001# are both low values; the T003# is high value by insulation resistance tester and pulse high voltage tester; and the T002# insulator with the defect is tested to be a high value by an insulation resistance tester; the pulse high voltage tester is low value. The electric field distortion degree of the T002# at the defect position under low voltage is not enough to break down insulation, so that the defect is excited, and the defect is relatively light in development. But the discharge was started at 15kV voltage and the defect excitation voltage was significantly reduced, indicating that the defect of T006# could progress to a more serious low value.
Can prove through the above-mentioned experiment, the utility model provides a testing arrangement can effectually measure low value and high value insulator, also can judge the zero value insulator that ordinary insulation resistance tester can't test.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating a few embodiments of the present invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an insulator testing arrangement based on high-voltage pulse method which characterized in that: the testing device comprises a high-voltage pulse generating unit, a voltage conditioning module, a high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit and a processing module;
the high-voltage pulse generating unit performs boosting inversion and voltage-multiplying rectification processing on the direct-current low voltage, and controls the boosting amplitude and the period to generate direct-current pulse high-voltage output with a set period through the processing module;
the voltage conditioning module divides the direct current pulse high voltage at two ends of the insulator into direct current pulse low voltage;
the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit acquires direct-current pulse low voltage subjected to voltage division processing by the voltage conditioning module and voltage at two ends of a sampling resistor connected with the insulator in series and transmits the voltage to the processing module;
the processing module receives the pulse low-voltage signals acquired by the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit in real time and the voltage signals at the two ends of the sampling resistor, calculates the actual voltage signals and the actual current signals at the two ends of the insulator, and calculates the test result.
2. The insulator testing device based on the high-voltage pulse method according to claim 1, wherein: the testing device further comprises a communication module and a display and control terminal, wherein the display and control terminal performs data interaction with the processing module through the communication module, performs remote control on the processing module, and receives and displays a testing result output by the communication module.
3. The insulator testing device based on the high-voltage pulse method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the high-voltage pulse generating unit comprises a direct-current low-voltage battery, a boosting module and a voltage-multiplying rectifying module; the direct-current low-voltage battery supplies power to the whole testing device; the boosting module inverts the direct current low voltage generated by the direct current low-voltage battery into intermediate frequency alternating current voltage through one-stage or two-stage or more than two-stage boosting, controls the boosting amplitude and period of the boosting module through the processing module, generates intermediate frequency alternating current pulse voltage and outputs the intermediate frequency alternating current pulse voltage to the voltage-multiplying rectification module; and the voltage-multiplying rectification module receives the intermediate-frequency alternating-current pulse voltage output by the boosting module after boosting inversion, and performs voltage-multiplying rectification to form direct-current pulse high-voltage output.
4. The insulator testing device based on the high-voltage pulse method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the high-voltage acquisition and measurement unit comprises a sampling resistor and an AD acquisition module which are connected with the insulator in series, and pulse low-voltage signals and voltages at two ends of the sampling resistor after partial pressure processing are acquired in real time through the AD acquisition module and are transmitted to the processing module.
5. The insulator testing device based on the high-voltage pulse method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the processing module is used for calculating the actual voltage u of the insulator through voltage ratio of the pulse low-voltage signals collected in real time, obtaining current signals at two ends of the sampling resistor, namely the current I of the insulator through I/V conversion of the voltage signals at two ends of the sampling resistor, integrating within a time period T to obtain an effective value, and calculating to obtain a result of the insulator insulation resistance.
6. The insulator testing device based on the high-voltage pulse method according to claim 3, wherein: the testing device also comprises a lower-layer base (1), a lower-layer shell (2), an upper-layer base (3), an upper-layer insulating shell (4) and a top end cover (5); a main control board (6) and a boosting board (7) are arranged between the lower base (1) and the upper base (3), the main control board (6) is installed on the lower base (1) through a support frame, the boosting board (7) is installed above the main control board (6) through a support frame, the direct-current low-voltage battery (8) is installed between the lower base (1) and the main control board (6), the processing module (9) is installed on the main control board (6), the boosting module is installed on the boosting board (7), and the lower shell (2) is hermetically sleeved outside the main control board (6), the boosting board (7), the direct-current low-voltage battery (8), the processing module (9) and the boosting module; the voltage doubling rectifying module (10) and the high-voltage acquisition measuring unit (11) are arranged between the upper base (3) and the top end cover (5), and the upper insulating shell (4) is hermetically sleeved outside the voltage doubling rectifying module and the high-voltage acquisition measuring unit; the power supply interface (101) and the control switch (102) are arranged on the lower base (1), the grounding end (301) and the output high-voltage tail (302) connected with one end of the insulator (12) to be detected are arranged on the upper base (3), and the output high-voltage head (501) connected with the other end of the insulator (12) to be detected is arranged on the top end cover (5).
7. The insulator testing device based on the high-voltage pulse method according to claim 3, wherein: the boost module comprises a first-stage boost circuit and a second-stage boost circuit, the first-stage boost circuit comprises a push-pull drive circuit, the direct-current low voltage generated by a direct-current low-voltage power supply is boosted to a set first-stage voltage through a transformer, the first-stage boost circuit realizes that the output voltage is controllable and adjustable through a closed-loop feedback control system with isolation, and the processing module controls the amplitude of the first-stage boost; the second-stage booster circuit inverts the direct-current bus voltage output by the first-stage booster circuit into intermediate-frequency voltage through the half-bridge inverter circuit, the intermediate-frequency voltage is boosted to set second-stage intermediate-frequency voltage through the high-voltage pack booster circuit, and the processing template controls the period of second-stage boosting output.
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| CN115285900A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-11-04 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司镇江供电分公司 | Insulator live-line detection device |
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