CN213510569U - Supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying coal bed fracturing device - Google Patents
Supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying coal bed fracturing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN213510569U CN213510569U CN202022342030.4U CN202022342030U CN213510569U CN 213510569 U CN213510569 U CN 213510569U CN 202022342030 U CN202022342030 U CN 202022342030U CN 213510569 U CN213510569 U CN 213510569U
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Abstract
A supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying coal bed fracturing device comprises liquid CO2A storage tank, a booster pump, a heating device, a high-pressure ejector and a hole packer, wherein, liquid CO2The storage tank is connected with the high-pressure ejector through a booster pump and a heating device; the high-pressure ejector is connected with the hole packer and is also provided with an injection medium inlet. The utility model adopts supercritical CO2As a fracturing fluid, supercritical CO is utilized2The strong diffusion capacity and solubility can enable micro-fractures in the coal seam to be communicated with each other, and the air permeability of the coal seam is increased. And the ceramic particles are carried to be used as a propping agent, so that cracks formed after fracturing can be kept open, the ceramic particles also have good flow conductivity, and gas can smoothly pass through the ceramic particles in the gas extraction process.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a coal seam fracturing device and method specifically are a supercritical carbon dioxide takes sand fracturing coal seam device belongs to colliery safety mining technical field in the pit.
Background
At present, the pressure relief and permeability improvement measures adopted by China for deep high-stress, low-permeability and high-gas-content coal beds mainly include technologies such as loosening blasting permeability improvement, high-pressure air blasting coal bed permeability improvement, hydraulic fracturing permeability improvement, ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic slotting, liquid carbon dioxide fracturing permeability improvement and the like, but the technologies have the following problems:
(1): the loose blasting and the high-pressure air blasting are mostly consumed on the crushing of coal bodies near the drill hole due to the energy of the blasting, so that the range of generated cracks is very limited.
(2): the ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic cutting has the advantages of high water consumption, high required pressure, high requirement on the performance of equipment, complex process and high workload, and although the ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic cutting can play a role in pressure relief and permeability increase on coal bodies, the cutting seams are shallow, and the influence range of formed loosening and pressure relief is limited.
(3): when the coal bed is fractured by using pure liquid carbon dioxide, although the crack opening range is large, the crack is easy to close again after carbon dioxide gas is lost, but when the coal bed is fractured by carrying liquid carbon dioxide with sand, the proppant is easy to freeze at low temperature due to the fact that the proppant contains water, so that the difficulty of stable sand conveying is increased, and sand blockage can be caused. In addition, the low temperature generated by the liquid carbon dioxide can also freeze the moisture of the coal seam near the hole opening, thereby causing the potential safety hazard of fracturing.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a supercritical carbon dioxide that can effectively improve coal seam release anti-reflection effect and gas drainage efficiency takes sand fracturing device and method.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying coal bed fracturing device comprises liquid CO2The device comprises a storage tank, a booster pump, a heating device, a high-pressure ejector and a hole packer, wherein the hole packer comprises a fracturing pipe and liquid CO2The storage tank is connected with the high-pressure ejector through a booster pump and a heating device; the high pressure injector is connected with the fracturing pipe.
The utility model is further improved in that liquid CO2A first pressure gauge is arranged at the outlet of the storage tank.
The utility model is further improved in that liquid CO2The outlet of the storage tank is connected with the booster pump through a first hydraulic hose.
The utility model discloses further improvement lies in, and the high pressure sprayer is including still working medium import and export, and the working medium import links to each other with heating device, draws the medium import and links to each other with the feeder bucket that is equipped with the particle diameter for 60 mesh proppant, and the export links to each other with the hole packer through third hydraulic hose.
The utility model is further improved in that liquid CO2The storage tank is a mining horizontal movable explosion-proof storage tank; the booster pump is a mining explosion-proof electromagnetic booster pump with the outlet pressure of 13 MPa; the hole packer is a high-pressure expansion rubber hole packer, and the hole sealing strength of the hole packer is 43 KN.
The utility model discloses a further improvement lies in, has set gradually flowmeter, second manometer, second check valve and tee bend on the third hydraulic hose, and the export of tee bend all the way links to each other with the second check valve, and another way export links to each other with the working medium import, and third route exit is provided with the release switch.
The utility model discloses a further improvement lies in, heating device includes a sealed tank section of thick bamboo, is provided with circuit board, explosion-proof electrothermal tube and temperature sensor in the sealed tank section of thick bamboo, is equipped with CO in the sealed tank section of thick bamboo2The circuit board is connected with the explosion-proof electric heating tube through a lead.
The utility model is further improved in that the hole packer also comprises a high-pressure expansion rubber pipe, a control valve and an inflation pipe, the fracturing pipe passes through the rubber hose, one end of the inflation pipe is positioned inside the rubber hose, and the other end is connected with the control valve; the fracturing pipe is provided with a plurality of sand-carrying fracturing fluid release holes, and the tail end of the fracturing pipe is provided with a nozzle.
The utility model discloses a further improvement lies in, and high-pressure sprayer still is provided with and draws and penetrates the medium import, and the heating device entrance is provided with first check valve
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the utility model discloses a set up liquid CO2Storage tank, booster pump, heater, high-pressure sprayer and hole packer, liquid CO2The storage tank is connected with the high-pressure ejector through a booster pump and a heating device; the high-pressure ejector is connected with the hole packer, and CO is pumped by the booster pump2Pressurizing to 13MPa, and then heating to make CO2Reaching a supercritical state, critical state CO in the high-pressure injector2Mix the back with the proppant, let in the fracturing pipe in, realize the fracturing to the coal seam, the utility model discloses with supercritical CO2As a fracturing fluid, supercritical CO is utilized2The strong diffusion capacity and solubility can enable micro-fractures in the coal seam to be communicated with each other, and the air permeability of the coal seam is increased. And the ceramic particles are carried to be used as a propping agent, so that cracks formed after fracturing can be kept open, the ceramic particles also have good flow conductivity, and gas can smoothly pass through the ceramic particles in the gas extraction process.
Due to supercritical CO2The density is close to liquid, the viscosity is close to gas, the surface tension is 0,with liquid CO2Less frictional resistance, very easily spread, reach the coal seam micropore very easily and link up the crack each other and still have extremely strong solubility, can effectively improve the fracturing effect in coal seam, so the utility model discloses a supercritical CO2The coal seam carrying the proppant into the coal seam can support the opened coal seam crack and prevent CO2After filtration loss, the crack is closed again, the proppant also has good flow conductivity, and gas can smoothly pass through when being extracted. The method of the utility model aims at supercritical CO2Low viscosity and weak sand carrying capacity, and the method utilizes an ejector to mix the propping agent and the supercritical CO2Effectively improves the sand carrying capacity and the coal bed fracturing effect. The method of the utility model makes liquid CO pass through the heating device2To a supercritical state, CO2The critical temperature is 31.265 ℃, and when the fracturing fluid is used for fracturing the coal bed, the water of the coal bed near the drilled hole is not frozen, so that the potential safety hazard of fracturing is reduced. The utility model discloses a construction process is hydraulic fracturing relatively simple, and required pressure is littleer, and the operation is more convenient. CO 22And the methane in the coal bed can be desorbed after entering the coal bed, so that the gas extraction effect of the coal bed is improved.
Drawings
All figures and reference signs in the figures related to the utility model are described as follows:
FIG. 1 shows the supercritical CO provided by the present invention2The overall structure schematic diagram of the sand-carrying fracturing coal bed device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the heating device of the present invention;
figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the injector and fracturing string assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is liquid CO2A storage tank, 2 is a first pressure gauge, 3 is a first hydraulic hose, 4 is a booster pump, 4-1 is a booster pump inlet, 4-2 is a booster pump outlet, 5 is a second hydraulic hose, 6 is a first one-way valve, 7 is a heating device, 7-1 is a circuit board, 7-2 is an explosion-proof electric heating tube, 7-3 is a temperature sensor, 7-4 is a sealed tank barrel, 8 is a third hydraulic hose, 9 is a flow meter, 10 is a second pressure gauge, 11 is a second one-way valve, 12 is a tee joint, 13 is a discharge tee jointThe device comprises a pressure switch, a high-pressure ejector, a working medium inlet, an injection medium inlet, a feeding barrel, a control valve, a hole packer, a fracturing pipe, a release hole, a nozzle, a gas-filled pipe, a control valve, a high-pressure expansion rubber pipe, a coal wall and a drill hole, wherein the pressure switch is 14, the working medium inlet is 14-1, the injection medium inlet is 14-2, the feeding barrel is 15, the control valve is 16, the hole packer is 17, the fracturing pipe is 17-1, the release hole is 17-2, the nozzle is 17-3, the gas-filled.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the utility model provides a supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying coal bed fracturing device, which comprises liquid CO2The device comprises a storage tank 1, a booster pump 4, a heating device 7, a high-pressure ejector 14, a feeding barrel 15, a hole packer 17, a first hydraulic hose 3, a second hydraulic hose 5 and a third hydraulic hose 8. The booster pump 4 comprises a booster pump inlet 4-1 and a booster pump outlet 4-2, and the high-pressure ejector 14 comprises a working medium inlet 14-1, an injection medium inlet 14-2 and an outlet.
Liquid CO2A first pressure gauge 2 is arranged at the outlet of the storage tank 1, and liquid CO is2An outlet of the storage tank 1 is connected with an inlet 4-1 of a booster pump through a first hydraulic hose 3, an outlet 4-2 of the booster pump is connected with an inlet of a heating device 7 through a second hydraulic hose 5, and an outlet of the heating device 7 is connected with an inlet 14-1 of a working medium. A first one-way valve 6 is arranged at the inlet of the heating device 7, and CO is pumped by the booster pump 42After pressurization to 13MPa, CO2High-pressure CO is discharged through an outlet 4-2 of the booster pump and a second hydraulic hose 52Transporting to a heating device 7, heating to make CO2After the critical state is reached, the outlet of the heating device 7 is connected with the high-pressure ejector 14, and the coal bed is fractured by sand mixing of the high-pressure ejector 14. The working medium inlet 14-1 of the high-pressure ejector 14 is connected with the heating device 7 through a third hydraulic hose 8, the upper end of the ejection medium inlet 14-2 is connected with a feeding barrel 15, and a control valve 16 is arranged at the connection position and used for controlling the flow of the propping agent (ceramsite). A flowmeter 9, a second pressure gauge 10, a second one-way valve 11 and a tee joint 12 are arranged on the third hydraulic hose 8, one path of outlet of the tee joint 12 is connected with the second one-way valve 11, the other path of outlet is connected with a working medium inlet 14-1, a pressure relief switch 13 is arranged at the outlet of the third path, the flowmeter 9 is positioned at the position where the working medium inlet 14-1 is addedBetween the thermal unit 7 and the second pressure gauge 10, a second non-return valve 11 is located between the second pressure gauge 10 and the tee 12.
As shown in figure 2, the heating device 7 comprises a sealed tank 7-4 capable of resisting 30MPa of pressure, a circuit board 7-1, an explosion-proof electric heating tube 7-2 and a temperature sensor 7-3, wherein the circuit board 7-1, the explosion-proof electric heating tube 7-2 and the temperature sensor 7-3 are arranged in the sealed tank 7-4, and CO is also arranged in the sealed tank 7-42The circuit board 7-1 is connected with the explosion-proof electric heating tube 7-2 through a lead, and the explosion-proof electric heating tube 7-2 is used for heating CO2The circuit board 7-1 is used for controlling the temperature of the explosion-proof electric heating tube 7-2, and the temperature sensor 7-3 is used for detecting CO2Whether a critical temperature is reached.
As shown in FIG. 3, the hole packer 17 is used for sealing a coal seam drilled hole to be fractured, and the hole packer 17 is a recyclable high-pressure expanded rubber hole packer which is placed in a coal seam drilled hole 19 to be fractured and comprises a recyclable high-expansion and high-friction coefficient high-pressure expanded rubber pipe 17-6, a fracturing pipe 17-1 and an inflation pipe 17-4. The fracturing pipe 17-1 penetrates through the rubber hose 17-6 and is fixed on the rubber hose 17-6, one end of the inflation pipe 17-4 is arranged in the rubber hose, the other end of the inflation pipe is connected with the control valve 17-5, and the control valve 17-5 is used for releasing pressure. The inflation tube 17-4 may be used for inflation and deflation.
A plurality of sand-carrying fracturing fluid release holes 17-2 are formed in a fracturing pipe 17-1 positioned in a drill hole (namely, the fracturing pipe passes through a rubber hose 17-6), the number of the release holes 17-2 is 6, and the distance between every two adjacent release holes 17-2 is 1 m. The tail end of the fracturing pipe 17-1 is provided with a nozzle 17-3 with the diameter of 2mm, and the diameter of the nozzle 17-3 can be replaced according to the granularity of the proppant.
The above liquid CO2The effective volume of the storage tank 1 is 3m3The mining horizontal movable explosion-proof storage tank; the booster pump 4 is a mining explosion-proof electromagnetic booster pump with the outlet pressure of 13 MPa; the hole packer 17 is a recyclable high-pressure expansion rubber hole packer with high expansion coefficient and friction coefficient, the hole packing strength of the hole packer can reach 43KN, and the hole packer can resist the maximum recoil force in a drill hole in the fracturing process; the fracturing pipe 17-1 is a high-quality seamless steel pipe with the wall thickness of 5mm and the outer diameter of 15 mm; each hydraulic hose is a RB2-13 two-layer steel wire braided hydraulic support hose capable of resisting pressure of 25 MPa; the particle size of the proppant ceramsite is 60 meshes.
A method for fracturing a coal bed by supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying comprises the following specific implementation steps:
step 1: drilling holes at the coal seam fracturing position by adopting a drilling tool, then placing a recyclable high-pressure expanded rubber hole packer 17 into a coal seam drilling hole 19, wherein a certain distance exists between the bottom of the hole packer 17 and the bottom of the drilling hole 19, fixing a fracturing pipe 17-1 and hermetically connecting the fracturing pipe with a high-pressure ejector 14, and then inflating and sealing the high-pressure expanded rubber pipe 17-6.
Step 2: opening liquid CO2A liquid outlet valve of the storage tank 1 is opened, a booster pump 4 is opened, the pressure of the pump is gradually increased to more than 13MPa, and liquid CO is used2The storage tank 1 is filled with CO into the heating device 7 through the booster pump 42The temperature of the electric explosion-proof electric heating tube 7-3 is controlled by an external controller of the sealed tank 7-1, so that the temperature in the sealed tank 7-1 is gradually increased to CO2Above critical temperature to CO2A critical state is reached.
And step 3: supercritical CO is added into a working medium inlet 14-1 of a high-pressure ejector 14 through a third hydraulic hose 82Simultaneously, a control valve 16 at the bottom of the feeding barrel 15 is opened, the flow of the propping agent (ceramsite) is controlled during initial fracturing, a small amount of propping agent is mixed into the high-pressure ejector 14, namely, the sand ratio (the ratio of the propping agent to the fracturing fluid) is controlled to be 5 percent, and the supercritical CO is equal to the supercritical CO2After the fracture is propped open, the flow of the propping agent is slowly increased (namely the sand ratio is controlled to be 10%), so that the propping agent can be effectively prevented from blocking the drilled hole, and the fracturing of the coal bed is realized.
And 4, step 4: after fracturing is finished, pressure of each pipeline is exhausted, a control valve 17-5 on the high-pressure expanded rubber hole packer 17 is opened, air is discharged, the hole packer 17 is recovered, and then fracturing work is carried out on the next drilled hole.
A portable carbon dioxide gas detector is used for monitoring CO in the surrounding environment of an operation area in real time in the fracturing process2And (4) concentration.
Claims (9)
1. A supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fracturing coal bed device is characterized by comprising liquid CO2A storage tank (1), a booster pump (4), a heating device (7), a high-pressure ejector (14) anda hole packer (17), wherein the hole packer (17) comprises a fracturing pipe (17-1) and liquid CO2The storage tank (1) is connected with a high-pressure ejector (14) through a booster pump (4) and a heating device (7); the high-pressure ejector (14) is connected with the fracturing pipe (17-1).
2. The supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fractured coal seam device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid CO is2A first pressure gauge (2) is arranged at the outlet of the storage tank (1).
3. The supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fractured coal seam device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid CO is2The outlet of the storage tank (1) is connected with a booster pump (4) through a first hydraulic hose (3).
4. The supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fracturing coal seam device according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure ejector (14) comprises a working medium inlet (14-1) and an outlet, the working medium inlet (14-1) is connected with the heating device (7), the injection medium inlet (14-2) is connected with a feeding barrel (15) filled with proppant with the particle size of 60 meshes, and the outlet is connected with the hole packer (17) through a third hydraulic hose (8).
5. The supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fractured coal seam device according to claim 4, wherein the liquid CO is2The storage tank (1) is a mining horizontal movable explosion-proof storage tank; the booster pump (4) is a mining explosion-proof electromagnetic booster pump with the outlet pressure of 13 MPa; the hole packer (17) is a high-pressure expansion rubber hole packer, and the hole sealing strength of the hole packer (17) is 43 KN.
6. The supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fracturing coal seam device according to claim 4, wherein a flowmeter (9), a second pressure gauge (10), a second one-way valve (11) and a tee joint (12) are sequentially arranged on the third hydraulic hose (8), one outlet of the tee joint (12) is connected with the second one-way valve (11), the other outlet of the tee joint is connected with the working medium inlet (14-1), and a pressure relief switch (13) is arranged at the outlet of the third hydraulic hose.
7. The supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fracturing coal seam device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device (7) comprises a sealed tank cylinder (7-4), a circuit board (7-1), an explosion-proof electric heating tube (7-2) and a temperature sensor (7-3) are arranged in the sealed tank cylinder (7-4), and CO is filled in the sealed tank cylinder (7-4)2The circuit board (7-1) is connected with the explosion-proof electric heating tube (7-2) through a lead.
8. The supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying coal bed fracturing device according to claim 1, wherein the hole packer (17) further comprises a high-pressure expansion rubber pipe (17-6), a control valve (17-5) and an inflation pipe (17-4), the fracturing pipe (17-1) penetrates through the high-pressure expansion rubber pipe (17-6), one end of the inflation pipe (17-4) is positioned inside the rubber pipe, and the other end of the inflation pipe is connected with the control valve (17-5); the fracturing pipe (17-1) is provided with a plurality of sand-carrying fracturing fluid release holes (17-2), and the tail end of the fracturing pipe (17-1) is provided with a nozzle (17-3).
9. The supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fracturing coal seam device according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure injector (14) is further provided with an injection medium inlet (14-2), and a first one-way valve (6) is arranged at an inlet of the heating device (7).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022342030.4U CN213510569U (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2020-10-20 | Supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying coal bed fracturing device |
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| CN202022342030.4U CN213510569U (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2020-10-20 | Supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying coal bed fracturing device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112145145A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2020-12-29 | 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 | Supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fracturing coal bed device and method |
| CN115410347A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-11-29 | 四川宏华电气有限责任公司 | Intelligent early warning and regulating method for sand blocking in fracturing process |
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2020
- 2020-10-20 CN CN202022342030.4U patent/CN213510569U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112145145A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2020-12-29 | 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 | Supercritical carbon dioxide sand-carrying fracturing coal bed device and method |
| CN115410347A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-11-29 | 四川宏华电气有限责任公司 | Intelligent early warning and regulating method for sand blocking in fracturing process |
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Effective date of registration: 20220913 Address after: 714026 north side of South Street, new area, high tech Industrial Development Zone, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Weinan Shaanxi coal Qichen Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.166, Shenzhou 7th Road, aerospace base, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710100 Patentee before: SHAANXI COAL AND CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |
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