CN213364532U - Air quality monitoring station based on fine particle size classification - Google Patents
Air quality monitoring station based on fine particle size classification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an air quality monitoring station based on meticulous hierarchical of particulate matter particle diameter, including the cabinet body, central information platform, be provided with hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter, conventional gaseous pollutant monitoring module, meteorological data monitoring module, communication module and the power distribution module that supplies on the cabinet body, it sets up to supply the power distribution module the below of the internal portion of cabinet, the hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter sets up the top that supplies the power distribution module, conventional gaseous pollutant monitoring module sets up the top of the hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter, meteorological data monitoring module sets up the top of conventional gaseous pollutant monitoring module, the hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter, conventional gaseous pollutant monitoring module, meteorological data monitoring module with central information platform communication connection. The utility model discloses except that carry out the macroscopic monitoring to PM10, PM2.5 particulate matter in the air, carry out meticulous particle size grading monitoring to the bigger superfine particulate matter of health hazard to human body.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an environmental protection instrument and meter technical field especially relates to an air quality monitoring station based on meticulous hierarchical of particulate matter particle diameter.
Background
Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) has become the monitored pollutants in each place in a normalized mode, but PM10 (particulate matter with a diameter of 10 μm) and PM2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm) are not primary pollutants, and are mainly secondary pollutants formed by gaseous pollutants such as ultrafine particles (particulate matter with a diameter less than 0.1 μm), ozone and VOCs through a series of atmospheric photochemical reactions.
Wherein the ultrafine particles with the diameter less than 0.1 μm are not only important precursors for forming PM2.5, but also pose serious threats to human health. Professor barbarbarara Maher, university of lanchester, uk, published in 2016, 9 months on journal of the national academy of sciences (PNAS) mentions that ultrafine particles from automobile exhaust are concentrated in the brain because they are less than 200 nm in diameter and thus can enter the brain through olfactory nerves and are not blocked by the blood-brain barrier. Alzheimer's disease is associated with higher levels of ultrafine particles in the brain. The research team of the ecological environment research center Liuqian and Jianggui of the Chinese academy of sciences confirms that exogenous ultrafine particles exist in a human blood system for the first time, and provides important scientific evidence for systemic health influence of the particles. Related results were published on the Nature Communications 22.5.22.2020.
In the aspect of particulate matter detection of the conventional air quality monitoring equipment, particulate matters such as PM10 and PM2.5 are mainly detected, the capability of carrying out classification detection on the particulate matters with the diameters smaller than 1 μm is not provided, the air pollution index can be described macroscopically, and detailed data support cannot be provided for work such as pollution source analysis. That is, most of the currently used air quality monitoring systems are simple and quantitative for air pollution results, data information reflecting important processes of pollution causes, transmission, diffusion and the like cannot be obtained through means of data processing, data analysis and the like, some pollution factors which can be controlled, such as proportion occupied by traffic, industrial emission and the like in pollution results, and main factors which cause pollution exceeding standards cannot be screened, so that fine control of air pollution cannot be achieved.
Based on this, the utility model aims at constructing one kind and can carry out the air quality monitoring station of meticulous classification to the particulate matter of 20 ~ 2500nm particle diameter, can acquire the meticulous hierarchical information of particulate matter pollution of high time resolution, and can detect and obtain real-time atmospheric parameter data and gas pollutant concentration data, and these parameters can support the rear end platform and adopt data processing, means such as data analysis carry out the analysis of tracing to the source to the main pollution sources of different particle diameter particulate matters, thereby improve targeting nature and validity that the city was administered to air pollution, really realize the scientific pollution control.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Not enough to prior art, the utility model provides an air quality monitoring station based on particulate matter particle diameter fine grading.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: the utility model provides an air quality monitoring station based on meticulous hierarchical of particulate matter particle diameter, includes the cabinet body, central information platform, be provided with particulate matter hierarchical monitoring module, conventional gaseous pollutants monitoring module, meteorological data monitoring module, communication module and power supply and distribution module on the cabinet body, power supply and distribution module sets up the below of the internal portion of cabinet, the front of power supply and distribution module is provided with air switch and socket unit, particulate matter hierarchical monitoring module sets up the top of power supply and distribution module, particulate matter hierarchical monitoring module's front is provided with vent, pilot lamp and handle, particulate matter hierarchical monitoring module's the back is provided with fan, data interface and power supply interface, conventional gaseous pollutants monitoring module sets up the top of particulate matter hierarchical monitoring module, conventional gaseous pollutants monitoring module's front is provided with vent, power supply and distribution module, The back of the conventional gas pollutant monitoring module is provided with a fan, a data interface and a power supply interface, the meteorological data monitoring module is arranged above the conventional gas pollutant monitoring module, the front of the meteorological data monitoring module is provided with the indicator lamp and the handle, the back of the meteorological data monitoring module is provided with the data interface and the power supply interface, and the particulate matter grading monitoring module, the conventional gas pollutant monitoring module and the meteorological data monitoring module are in communication connection with the central information platform through a communication module. The particle grading monitoring module can detect particles with the particle size of 20-2500 nm and can measure the concentration of multi-channel particles with the self-defined particle size at the same time; the conventional gas pollutant monitoring module detects gaseous pollutants such as SO2, NO2, O3, CO2, TVOC and the like by adopting an electrochemical principle and detects the particulate matter concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 by adopting a light scattering principle; the meteorological data monitoring module measures atmospheric environment air humiture, wind speed, wind direction and atmospheric pressure in real time.
Further, the air switch and the socket unit are provided in plurality.
Further, the cabinet body is an outdoor constant temperature cabinet body.
Further, the particulate matter grading monitoring module comprises a PM1.0 cutter, a particle charging module, a particle grading module and a particle concentration detection module.
Further, the PM1.0 cutter, the particle charging module, the particle grading module and the particle concentration detection module are sequentially connected.
Further, the particle charging module comprises a charger.
Further, the particle classification module comprises a flat plate DMA.
Further, the particle concentration detection module comprises a faraday cup.
Furthermore, the flat plate DMA includes an upper insulating plate, a lower insulating plate, a sample gas inlet, a sample gas outlet, a high voltage electrode, an upper electrode plate, a lower electrode plate, a sheath gas inlet, a sheath gas outlet, and a guide plate.
Further, sheath gas inlet, sheath gas export level setting, sample gas inlet, the vertical setting of sample gas export.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model discloses except that carry out the macroscopic monitoring to PM10, PM2.5 particulate matter in the air, carry out meticulous particle size grading monitoring to the bigger superfine particulate matter of health hazard to human body. Some ultrafine particles can permeate into blood and deposit in human body, thereby causing a series of diseases such as cancer and the like, and causing more harm to the health of human body. But because the superfine particulate matter diameter is too little, the particulate matter detection method that the air quality monitoring station adopted in using, no matter be laser scattering method or beta ray absorption method etc. all can't obtain data such as superfine particulate matter concentration or quantity, the utility model discloses the realization is to the fine particle size classification detection of the superfine particulate matter that contains in the sampling air.
2. The utility model discloses a richer particulate matter data analysis, the grasp air quality change condition and the pollution sources distribution condition that can be more accurate. Compare with current air quality monitoring station, the utility model discloses a hierarchical detection technology means to superfine particulate matter, more abundant particulate matter particle diameter spectrum information has been obtained, the air contaminant monitoring information and the meteorological parameter that combine conventionally again, thereby it is more abundant to establish data, it is more obvious to change, the more vivid air pollution analysis sample of characteristic, can support the rear end platform to carry out corresponding analysis to the different pollution sources of particulate matter emission characteristic, thereby can take more corresponding measure to the pollution of different degrees, improve scientific and validity that relevant departments administer air pollution.
3. The utility model discloses in having applied air quality detection station with particle size spectrum detection technique.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a cabinet.
Fig. 2 is a back view of the cabinet.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the particulate classification monitoring module.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flat DMA.
Fig. 5 is a schematic communication diagram of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. the intelligent cabinet comprises a cabinet body, 2, a central information platform, 3, a particulate matter grading monitoring module, 4, a conventional gas pollutant monitoring module, 5, a meteorological data monitoring module, 6, a communication module, 7, a power supply and distribution module, 8, an air switch, 9, a socket unit, 10 ventilation openings, 11, an indicator light, 12, a handle, 13, a fan, 14, a data interface, 15, a power supply interface, 16, a PM1.0 cutter, 17, a particle charging module, 18, a particle grading module, 19, a particle concentration detection module, 20, a charging device, 21, a flat plate DMA, 22, a Faraday cup, 23, an upper insulating plate, 24, a lower insulating plate, 25, a sample gas inlet, 26, a sample gas outlet, 27, a high-voltage electrode, 28, an upper electrode plate, 29, a lower electrode plate, 30, a sheath gas inlet, 31, a sheath gas outlet, 32 and a guide plate.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "axial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the utility model discloses an air quality monitoring station based on meticulous hierarchical of particulate matter particle diameter, including the cabinet body, central information platform, the cabinet body is the outdoor constant temperature cabinet body. Be provided with hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter, conventional gaseous pollutant monitoring module, meteorological data monitoring module, communication module and power supply and distribution module on the cabinet body, power supply and distribution module sets up the inside below of cabinet body, the front that supplies the power distribution module is provided with air switch and socket unit, air switch and socket unit all are provided with a plurality ofly. The utility model discloses a particle grading monitoring system, including power distribution module, particulate matter grading monitoring module, fan, data interface and power supply interface, particulate matter grading monitoring module sets up supply the top of distribution module, particulate matter grading monitoring module's front is provided with vent, pilot lamp and handle, particulate matter grading monitoring module's back is provided with fan, data interface and power supply interface, particulate matter grading monitoring module includes PM1.0 cutterbar, the electric module of particle charge, particle grading module, particle concentration detection module. The PM1.0 cutter, the particle charging module, the particle grading module and the particle concentration detection module are sequentially connected. The particle charging module comprises a charger. The particle classification module comprises a flat plate DMA. The flat plate DMA comprises a guide plate, an upper insulating plate, a lower insulating plate, a sample gas inlet, a sample gas outlet, a high-voltage electrode, an upper electrode plate, a lower electrode plate, a sheath gas inlet and a sheath gas outlet. Sheath gas entry, sheath gas export level set up, sample gas entry, the vertical setting of sample gas export. Go up the top of insulation board and the below of lower insulation board is provided with high voltage electrode, the sample gas entry sets up at last insulation board, the sample gas export sets up insulation board under, go up insulation board, lower insulation board are provided with high voltage electrode respectively, sheath gas entry and sheath gas export are provided with the guide plate, it sets up to go up the electrode plate go up the below of insulation board, the electrode plate sets up down the top of insulation board, go up insulation board, lower insulation board, sheath gas entry, sheath gas export, go up the electrode plate, down the electrode plate constitutes sheath gas passageway. The particle concentration detection module comprises a Faraday cup. Regular gaseous pollutant monitoring module sets up the top of particulate matter monitoring module in grades, regular gaseous pollutant monitoring module's front is provided with vent, pilot lamp and handle, regular gaseous pollutant monitoring module's the back is provided with fan, data interface and power supply interface, meteorological data monitoring module sets up regular gaseous pollutant monitoring module's top, meteorological data monitoring module's front is provided with pilot lamp and handle, meteorological data monitoring module's the back is provided with data interface and power supply interface, particulate matter monitoring module in grades, regular gaseous pollutant monitoring module, meteorological data monitoring module with central information platform communication connection.
The specific working process of the particulate matter grading monitoring module is as follows, firstly, sampling gas enters a PM1.0 cutter, particles with the particle size larger than 1 μm are filtered, then the sampling gas enters a particle charging module, a unipolar charging device generates high-concentration free ions under the excitation of a constant-current high-voltage power supply, and particulate matters in the atmosphere collide with the free ions in the charging device to carry out high-efficiency charging. Then, the charged particles in the sample gas enter the particle classification module, a scanning voltage is applied to the flat plate DMA, so that the charged particles are subjected to an electric field force in the vertical direction, and under the horizontal force of the sheath gas, the charged particles can exit from the outlet of the flat plate DMA. By changing the scanning voltage applied to the flat DMA, charged particles with different particle sizes in the sampling gas can be separated under the action of different scanning voltages, and the purpose of grading the particle sizes of the particles in the sampling gas is achieved. And finally, the classified charged particles enter a particle concentration detection module, an electric sensitivity filter screen collides with the charged particles in a small Faraday cup, the particles lose electric charges and are discharged, the electric charges collected by the Faraday cup are amplified by a rear-end micro-current amplifier in a weak electric signal form, the number concentration of the ultrafine particles corresponding to different weak electric quantities is obtained through inversion operation, and a particle size spectrogram of the sampled gas is further obtained.
In the grading detection equipment of the particle size of the ultrafine particles, the important part for realizing the particle size spectrum measurement of the particles is DMA, the grading of the particle size of the particles is realized, and the aim is fulfilled according to the electromigration characteristic of the charged particles. According to the electromigration theory, the particulate matter of different particle sizes has different electric mobility, and after the particulate matter of the lotus electric apparatus fully charged, the inside DMA that has even electric field of entering, the electrified particulate matter of different particle sizes receives effort different in size, has produced different movement tracks, and the particulate matter that the electric mobility is big shifts in the electric field direction, and the particulate matter displacement that the electric mobility is little, has just so realized sieving the particulate matter that the particle size is different. At present, the mainstream DMA is divided into cylindrical DMA, radial DMA and flat DMA, and because the cylindrical DMA and the radial DMA have larger volumes and are not easy to be integrated and processed, the design scheme of the flat DMA is selected for the system.
In the hierarchical check out test set of superfine particulate matter particle size, the aerosol particulate matter is graded after dull and stereotyped DMA, needs to measure the electrified particulate matter after the grading this moment to obtain the number concentration of particulate matter. The utility model discloses chooseed for use miniaturized Faraday cup structure for detect the electrified volume of hierarchical back particulate matter. A compact metal net made of a sensitive electrode is arranged in the Faraday cup, when charged particles enter the Faraday cup along with airflow, the charged particles collide with the metal net to lose charges, the generated electric signals are connected with a micro-current amplifier through a probe structure at the bottom, a voltage value capable of being analyzed and processed is finally obtained, and then the number concentration information of the particles can be obtained through inversion of the measured voltage value, so that a particle size spectrogram of the measured particles is obtained.
The utility model discloses at first monitor and obtain the particle pollutant concentration information of particle size classification through meteorological data monitoring and communication module, gaseous pollutant data, atmospheric parameter information etc. and pass to central information platform on each information through meteorological data monitoring and communication module, monitoring data can support central information platform to carry out the analysis of tracing to the pollution sources, can reach the distribution and the operation law of monitoring area pollution sources through the observation of a period, can assist administrative law enforcement department to implement accurate management and control to the air pollution source.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an air quality monitoring station based on meticulous grading of particulate matter particle diameter which characterized in that: including the cabinet body, central information platform, be provided with hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter, conventional gaseous pollutants monitoring module, meteorological data monitoring module, communication module and power supply and distribution module on the cabinet body, it sets up to supply the power distribution module the below of the internal portion of cabinet, the front that supplies the power distribution module is provided with air switch and socket unit, the hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter sets up supply the top of power distribution module, the front of the hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter is provided with vent, pilot lamp and handle, the back of the hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter is provided with fan, data interface and power supply interface, conventional gaseous pollutants monitoring module sets up the top of the hierarchical monitoring module of particulate matter, the front of conventional gaseous pollutants monitoring module is provided with vent, pilot lamp and handle, the back of conventional gaseous pollutants monitoring module is provided with fan, data interface and power supply interface, meteorological data monitoring module sets up conventional gaseous pollutant monitoring module's top, meteorological data monitoring module's front is provided with pilot lamp and handle, meteorological data monitoring module's the back is provided with data interface and power supply interface, particulate matter grading monitoring module, conventional gaseous pollutant monitoring module, meteorological data monitoring module pass through communication module with central information platform communication connection.
2. The air quality monitoring station based on fine classification of particle sizes of particulate matter according to claim 1, wherein: the air switch and the socket unit are provided in plurality.
3. The air quality monitoring station based on fine classification of particle sizes of particulate matter according to claim 1, wherein: the cabinet body is an outdoor constant temperature cabinet body.
4. The air quality monitoring station based on fine classification of particle sizes of particulate matter according to claim 1, wherein: the particle grading monitoring module comprises a PM1.0 cutter, a particle charging module, a particle grading module and a particle concentration detection module.
5. The air quality monitoring station based on fine classification of particle sizes of particulate matter according to claim 4, wherein: the PM1.0 cutter, the particle charging module, the particle grading module and the particle concentration detection module are sequentially connected.
6. The air quality monitoring station based on fine classification of particle sizes of particulate matter according to claim 4, wherein: the particle charging module comprises a charger.
7. The air quality monitoring station based on fine classification of particle sizes of particulate matter according to claim 4, wherein: the particle classification module comprises a flat plate DMA.
8. The air quality monitoring station based on fine classification of particle sizes of particulate matter according to claim 4, wherein: the particle concentration detection module comprises a Faraday cup.
9. The air quality monitoring station based on fine classification of particle sizes of particulate matter according to claim 7, wherein: the flat plate DMA comprises an upper insulating plate, a lower insulating plate, a sample gas inlet, a sample gas outlet, a high-voltage electrode, an upper electrode plate, a lower electrode plate, a sheath gas inlet, a sheath gas outlet and a guide plate.
10. The air quality monitoring station based on fine classification of particle sizes of particulate matter according to claim 9, wherein: sheath gas entry, sheath gas export level set up, sample gas entry, the vertical setting of sample gas export.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113607651A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-05 | 眉山环天智慧科技有限公司 | Environmental monitoring device based on wisdom street lamp |
CN115468888A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-13 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Multi-parameter high-resolution traffic micro-station |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113607651A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-05 | 眉山环天智慧科技有限公司 | Environmental monitoring device based on wisdom street lamp |
CN115468888A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-13 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Multi-parameter high-resolution traffic micro-station |
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