CN213331237U

CN213331237U - Tail gas aftertreatment device of high-horsepower diesel engine

Info

Publication number: CN213331237U
Application number: CN202022290368.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 翁凌云; 翁栋
Original assignee: Hangong Anlije Wuhan Automobile Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangong Anlije Wuhan Automobile Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-15
Filing date: 2020-10-15
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-15

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-horsepower diesel engine tail gas aftertreatment device, which comprises an engine, a first valve, a DOC unit, a burner unit, a DPF unit and an SCR unit; the DOC unit has a first end, a second end and an exhaust end; the burner unit is arranged at the second end of the DOC unit and is connected with the DOC unit in a sealing way; the air inlet end of the DPF unit is communicated with the air outlet end of the DOC unit, and the air outlet end of the DPF unit is communicated with the air inlet end of the SCR unit; the SCR unit stores and provides a gaseous or liquid exhaust gas treatment medium; the first valve is arranged between the tail gas output end of the engine and the first end of the DOC unit and is respectively communicated with the engine and the DOC unit; wherein the burner unit selectively heats engine exhaust entering the DOC unit or ignites carbon particles in the DOC unit or the DPF unit; the SCR unit provides a gaseous or liquid exhaust gas treatment medium.

Description

Tail gas aftertreatment device of high-horsepower diesel engine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automobile engine performance check out test set technical field especially relates to a high horsepower diesel engine tail gas aftertreatment device.

Background

In order to adapt to the current tail gas emission standard of the motor vehicle, tail gas treatment equipment is required to be matched with the motor vehicle to carry out harmless treatment on tail gas combusted by an engine, so that the emission of pollutants is reduced. The method is applied to diesel vehicles.

The engine test bench is special equipment for performing performance test, reliability test and emission test on an engine, and sulfur-containing tail gas is generated during engine test. Therefore, the engine test stand needs to use an exhaust gas after-treatment device when the diesel engine performance is checked, and after the exhaust gas after-treatment device is used for a period of time, the exhaust gas after-treatment device causes the deterioration of the engine dynamic performance along with the accumulation of a large amount of particles and the blockage of a diesel particulate filter, so that the oxidation type catalyst DOC and the diesel particulate filter DPF of the test stand need to be periodically regenerated to remove the attached particles. The diesel particulate filter regeneration of the existing engine test bench is realized by manually disassembling the diesel particulate filter and then heating the diesel particulate filter for regeneration, continuous on-line regeneration cannot be realized, and continuous tail gas harmless treatment is realized, so that the reliability and continuity of a tail gas emission test are influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model provides a can reduce the exhaust pollutant emission when the engine test, can realize online work and palingenetic big horsepower diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment device in succession.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this: the utility model provides a high horsepower diesel engine tail gas aftertreatment device, which comprises an engine (1), wherein the engine (1) is provided with a tail gas output end and also comprises a first valve (2), a DOC unit (3), a burner unit (4), a DPF unit (5) and an SCR unit (6);

a DOC unit (3) having a first end, a second end and an exhaust end; the burner unit (4) is arranged at the second end of the DOC unit (3) and is connected with the DOC unit (3) in a sealing way; the DOC unit (3) is used for carrying out catalytic oxidation on the tail gas of the engine;

a DPF unit (5) having an intake end communicating with the exhaust end of the DOC unit (3), and an exhaust end of the DPF unit (5) communicating with the intake end of the SCR unit (6); the DPF unit (5) traps carbon particles in engine exhaust gas;

the SCR unit (6) stores and provides a gaseous or liquid tail gas treatment medium, and the exhaust end of the SCR unit (6) discharges the treated engine tail gas;

the first valve (2) is arranged between the tail gas output end of the engine (1) and the first end of the DOC unit (3) and is respectively communicated with the engine (1) and the DOC unit (3);

wherein the burner unit (4) selectively heats engine exhaust entering the DOC unit (3) or ignites carbon particles in the DOC unit (3) or the DPF unit (5); the SCR unit (6) selectively provides a gaseous or liquid exhaust gas treatment medium to treat the exhaust gas of the engine.

On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the DOC unit (3) comprises a first cavity (31) and a catalyst (32), the first cavity (31) is hollow, the two ends of the first cavity (31) in the extending direction are respectively the first end and the exhaust end of the DOC unit (3), and the second end of the DOC unit (3) is arranged on the side wall of the first cavity (31); the catalyst (32) is fixedly arranged in the first cavity (31) and is arranged close to one side of the exhaust end of the DOC unit (3); the burner unit (4) is arranged at the second end of the DOC unit (3) and extends into the first cavity (31).

Further preferably, the burner unit (4) comprises a first heater (41), a fuel nozzle (42) and a combustion chamber (43), the first heater (41) penetrates through the second end of the DOC unit (3) and is fixedly arranged in the first cavity (31); the combustion chamber (43) is arranged on the outer side of the second end of the DOC unit (3) and communicated with the first cavity (31), and the fuel nozzle (42) is arranged outside the DOC unit (3) and communicated with the combustion chamber (43); the first heater (41) selectively heats the engine tail gas in the first cavity (31); the fuel nozzle (42) selectively injects fuel into the combustion chamber (43), and the fuel is combusted in the combustion chamber (43) to generate flame in the first cavity (31) so as to regenerate the catalyst (32) and the DPF unit (5).

More preferably, the SCR unit (6) includes a second cavity (61), a urea storage tank (62), a urea nozzle (63), an ammonia nozzle (64) and a second heater (65), and two ends of the second cavity (61) in the extending direction are respectively an air inlet end and an air outlet end of the SCR unit (6); the urea storage tank (62), the urea nozzle (63), the ammonia nozzle (64) and the second heater (65) are all arranged on the outer side of the second cavity (61), the urea storage tank (62) is respectively communicated with the urea nozzle (63) and the ammonia nozzle (64), the urea nozzle (63) or the ammonia nozzle (64) is also selectively communicated with the interior of the second cavity (61), and the second heater (65) is arranged in the ammonia nozzle (64); the urea storage tank (62) supplies the urea solution to the urea nozzle (63) or the ammonia nozzle (64), and the second heater (65) heats the urea solution supplied to the ammonia nozzle (64) to generate ammonia and supplies the ammonia to the second chamber (61).

Still further preferably, the diesel engine further comprises a temperature sensor (7), a pressure sensor (8) and a controller (9), wherein the temperature sensor (7) is arranged at the second end of the DOC unit (3) and the air inlet end of the SCR unit (6), and the pressure sensor (8) is arranged at the air outlet end of the DPF unit (5); the temperature sensor (7), the pressure sensor (8), the first heater (41), the urea nozzle (63), the ammonia nozzle (64) and the second heater (65) are all electrically connected with the controller (9).

Further preferably, when the temperature of the engine exhaust in the second cavity (61) is 150-200 ℃, the ammonia nozzle (64) and the second heater (65) work, and the ammonia nozzle (64) sprays ammonia into the second cavity (61); when the temperature of the engine exhaust in the second cavity (61) is 200-500 ℃, the urea nozzle (63) works, and the urea nozzle (63) sprays urea solution into the second cavity (61).

Further preferably, the DOC unit (3), the burner unit (4), the DPF unit (5) and the SCR unit (6) are divided into two groups; the first valve (2) is a three-way valve with one inlet and two outlets; two output ends of the first valve (2) are respectively communicated with the first ends of the two DOC units (3).

Still further preferably, the two outputs of the first valve (2) are selectively opened simultaneously or alternately.

Further preferably, the first cavity (31) is Y-shaped.

The utility model provides a pair of high horse power diesel engine tail gas aftertreatment device for prior art, has following beneficial effect:

(1) the utility model discloses a preheat high horse power diesel engine tail gas, and loop through DOC unit, DPF unit and SCR unit and carry out catalytic oxidation, particle filtration and reduce nitrogen oxide and handle it, when reducing pollutant emission, can realize the operation regeneration of DOC unit and DPF unit, promptly on-line regeneration;

(2) the DOC unit and the DPF unit are regenerated in an operation mode that fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber through the fuel nozzle, flame is generated in the DOC unit and the DPF unit to burn adsorbed carbon particles, and the regeneration effect is achieved;

(3) the DOC unit can remove carbon monoxide and other unburnt substances, generate nitrogen dioxide and improve the treatment efficiency of the SCR unit;

(4) the DPF unit can realize the effect of adsorbing the soot in the tail gas without manually replacing a filter;

(5) the SCR unit selectively sprays ammonia gas or urea solution into the tail gas according to different temperatures of the tail gas, the tail gas does not need to be heated again, the energy consumption of the device is reduced, and the tail gas denitration effect is improved;

(6) DOC unit, burner unit, DPF unit and SCR unit can set up two sets ofly, can choose for use according to high horsepower diesel engine's power on the one hand, can adopt two sets of equipment mode of using in turn to further improve the regeneration efficiency of DOC unit and DPF unit in addition.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas post-treatment device of a high-horsepower diesel engine according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a combination structure of a first valve, a DOC unit, a burner unit, a DPF unit and an SCR unit of the exhaust gas after-treatment device of a high-horsepower diesel engine according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view in half section of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another combination structure of the first valve, the DOC unit, the burner unit, the DPF unit, and the SCR unit of the high horsepower diesel engine exhaust gas after-treatment device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a high-horsepower diesel engine tail gas aftertreatment device, which comprises an engine 1, a first valve 2, a DOC unit 3, a burner unit 4, a DPF unit 5 and an SCR unit 6; the engine 1 has an exhaust gas output; the first valve 2, the DOC unit 3, the DPF unit 5 and the SCR unit 6 are communicated in sequence;

a DOC unit 3 having a first end, a second end and an exhaust end; the burner unit 4 is arranged at the second end of the DOC unit 3 and is connected with the DOC unit 3 in a sealing way; the DOC unit 3 is used for carrying out catalytic oxidation on the tail gas of the engine; the first valve 2 is arranged between the tail gas output end of the engine 1 and the first end of the DOC unit 3 and is respectively communicated with the engine 1 and the DOC unit 3;

the air inlet end of the DPF unit 5 is communicated with the air outlet end of the DOC unit 3, and the air outlet end of the DPF unit 5 is communicated with the air inlet end of the SCR unit 6; the DPF unit 5 traps carbon particulates in engine exhaust gas;

the SCR unit 6 stores and provides a gaseous or liquid tail gas treatment medium, and the exhaust end of the SCR unit 6 discharges the treated engine tail gas;

specifically, the burner unit 4 selectively heats the engine tail gas entering the DOC unit 3, which is beneficial to catalytic oxidation of the engine tail gas in the DOC unit, and the burner unit 4 can also ignite carbon particles captured in the DOC unit 3 or the DPF unit 5, so as to realize online regeneration of the DOC unit 3 or the DPF unit 5; the SCR unit 6 selectively provides a gaseous or liquid tail gas treatment medium to denitrate the tail gas of the engine, so that the content of nitrogen oxides in the tail gas of the engine is reduced.

In order to enable the DOC unit 3 to perform heat exchange and catalytic reaction well and remove carbon monoxide and other unburnt substances, a heating structure is employed in the DOC unit 3. Specifically, the DOC unit 3 includes a first cavity 31 and a catalyst 32, the first cavity 31 is hollow, two ends of the first cavity 32 in the extending direction are respectively a first end and an exhaust end of the DOC unit 3, and a second end of the DOC unit 3 is arranged on the side wall of the first cavity 31; the catalyst 32 is fixedly arranged in the first cavity 31 and is arranged close to one side of the exhaust end of the DOC unit 3; burner unit 4 is disposed at a second end of DOC unit 3 and extends into first cavity 31. The space inside the first chamber 31 is sufficient for engine exhaust to be sufficiently in contact with the portion of the burner unit 4 extending into the first chamber 31. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first cavity 31 may be Y-shaped, and the first end, the second end and the exhaust end of the DOC unit 3 are respectively disposed at three ends of the Y-shaped DOC.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to better realize the regeneration of the DOC unit 3 and the DPF unit 5, the specific structure of the burner unit 4 includes: a first heater 41, a fuel nozzle 42 and a combustion chamber 43, the first heater 41 passing through the second end of the DOC unit 3 and fixedly disposed in the first cavity 31; the combustion chamber 43 is arranged outside the second end of the DOC unit 3 and communicated with the first cavity 31, and the fuel nozzle 42 is arranged outside the DOC unit 3 and communicated with the combustion chamber 43; the first heater 41 selectively heats the engine exhaust in the first cavity 31; the fuel nozzle 42 selectively injects fuel into the combustion chamber 43, burns in the combustion chamber 43 and generates flame in the first cavity 31, thereby regenerating the catalyst 32 and the DPF unit 5. The fuel provided by the fuel nozzle 42 may be natural gas, diesel oil or other fuel, and the combustion chamber 43 is also filled with a combustion medium such as for controlling combustion, and the generated flame extends into the first cavity 31 of the DOC unit 3. The first heater 41 can continuously heat the exhaust gas, and the denitration efficiency of the subsequent SCR unit 6 is improved.

The regeneration of the DPF unit 5 and the DOC unit 3 use the same set of burner units 4. The structure of the DPF unit 5 is shown in fig. 3, and includes a cylinder and a filter body adsorbing carbon particles.

In order to further realize better treatment effect on the nitrogen oxides in the tail gas of the engine at different temperatures, the SCR unit 6 sprays different media according to different temperatures of the tail gas of the engine. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the SCR unit 6 includes a second cavity 61, a urea storage tank 62, a urea nozzle 63, an ammonia nozzle 64, and a second heater 65, where two ends of the second cavity 61 in the extending direction are an air inlet end and an air outlet end of the SCR unit 6, respectively; the urea storage tank 62, the urea nozzle 63, the ammonia nozzle 64 and the second heater 65 are all arranged on the outer side of the second cavity 61, the urea storage tank 62 is respectively communicated with the urea nozzle 63 and the ammonia nozzle 64, the urea nozzle 63 or the ammonia nozzle 64 is also selectively communicated with the interior of the second cavity 61, and the second heater 65 is arranged in the ammonia nozzle 64; the urea tank 62 supplies the urea solution to the urea nozzle 63 or the ammonia nozzle 64, and the second heater 65 heats the urea solution supplied to the ammonia nozzle 64 and generates ammonia, and supplies the ammonia to the second chamber 61. The urea, after heated hydrolysis, produces ammonia and carbon dioxide, and by this principle the ammonia nozzle 64 provides the gaseous exhaust gas treating medium.

Specifically, when the temperature of the engine exhaust in the second cavity 61 is 150-200 ℃, the ammonia nozzle 64 and the second heater 65 work to decompose the urea solution in the ammonia nozzle 64 into nitrogen, the ammonia nozzle 64 sprays ammonia into the second cavity 61, and the denitration efficiency is more than 60%; when the temperature of the engine exhaust in the second cavity 61 is 200-500 ℃, the urea nozzle 63 works, the urea nozzle 63 sprays urea solution into the second cavity 61, the denitration efficiency is above 95%, and nitrogen oxides in the engine exhaust can be removed well. The second cavity 61 may also be a Y-shaped structure.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the present invention is realized by combining a sensor and a controller for better realizing automatic regeneration and automatic denitration. Specifically, the utility model also comprises a temperature sensor 7, a pressure sensor 8 and a controller 9, wherein the temperature sensor 7 is arranged at the second end of the DOC unit 3 and the air inlet end of the SCR unit 6, and the pressure sensor 8 is arranged at the exhaust end of the DPF unit 5; the temperature sensor 7, the pressure sensor 8, the first heater 41, the urea nozzle 63, the ammonia nozzle 64 and the second heater 65 are all electrically connected with the controller 9.

When the device of the utility model works, the initial tail gas temperature of the engine is lower, the first heater 41 continuously heats the tail gas of the engine, the tail gas of the engine is treated by spraying ammonia gas or urea solution in the SCR unit 6 according to the current tail gas temperature after being sequentially subjected to catalytic oxidation and carbon particle filtration of the DOC unit 3 and the DPF unit 5; when the DPF unit 5 has a high back pressure, the first valve 2 and the first heater 41 are closed, the fuel nozzle 42 and the combustion chamber 43 are opened, and the generated flame removes carbon particles adsorbed on the DOC unit 3 and the DPF unit 5, thereby realizing regeneration of the DPF unit 5. The fuel nozzle 42 and the combustion chamber 43 are then closed, the first valve 2 and the first heater 41 are opened, and the above steps are repeated.

In order to better realize the adaptation to a high-horsepower diesel engine, as shown in fig. 4, the DOC unit 3, the burner unit 4, the DPF unit 5 and the SCR unit 6 of the present invention are divided into two groups; the first valve 2 is a three-way valve with one inlet and two outlets; two output ends of the first valve 2 are respectively communicated with first ends of the two DOC units 3. The two outputs of the first valve 2 are selectively opened simultaneously or alternately. When the tail gas of the diesel engine is less, one or two tail gas treatment devices can be selected to be started, and during equipment regeneration, the two tail gas treatment devices can be simultaneously regenerated on line, and can also be alternately regenerated to meet diversified use requirements.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high horse power diesel engine tail gas aftertreatment device, includes engine (1), and engine (1) has the tail gas output end, its characterized in that: the diesel engine further comprises a first valve (2), a DOC unit (3), a burner unit (4), a DPF unit (5) and an SCR unit (6);

2. The exhaust after-treatment device for a high-horsepower diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein: the DOC unit (3) comprises a first cavity (31) and a catalytic converter (32), the first cavity (31) is hollow, the two ends of the first cavity (31) in the extending direction are respectively a first end and an exhaust end of the DOC unit (3), and the second end of the DOC unit (3) is arranged on the side wall of the first cavity (31); the catalyst (32) is fixedly arranged in the first cavity (31) and is arranged close to one side of the exhaust end of the DOC unit (3); the burner unit (4) is arranged at the second end of the DOC unit (3) and extends into the first cavity (31).

3. The exhaust after-treatment device for a high-horsepower diesel engine according to claim 2, wherein: the burner unit (4) comprises a first heater (41), a fuel nozzle (42) and a combustion chamber (43), wherein the first heater (41) penetrates through the second end of the DOC unit (3) and is fixedly arranged in the first cavity (31); the combustion chamber (43) is arranged on the outer side of the second end of the DOC unit (3) and communicated with the first cavity (31), and the fuel nozzle (42) is arranged outside the DOC unit (3) and communicated with the combustion chamber (43); the first heater (41) selectively heats the engine tail gas in the first cavity (31); the fuel nozzle (42) selectively injects fuel into the combustion chamber (43), and the fuel is combusted in the combustion chamber (43) to generate flame in the first cavity (31) so as to regenerate the catalyst (32) and the DPF unit (5).

4. A high horsepower diesel exhaust aftertreatment device according to claim 3, wherein: the SCR unit (6) comprises a second cavity (61), a urea storage tank (62), a urea nozzle (63), an ammonia nozzle (64) and a second heater (65), wherein the two ends of the second cavity (61) in the extension direction are respectively an air inlet end and an air outlet end of the SCR unit (6); the urea storage tank (62), the urea nozzle (63), the ammonia nozzle (64) and the second heater (65) are all arranged on the outer side of the second cavity (61), the urea storage tank (62) is respectively communicated with the urea nozzle (63) and the ammonia nozzle (64), the urea nozzle (63) or the ammonia nozzle (64) is also selectively communicated with the interior of the second cavity (61), and the second heater (65) is arranged in the ammonia nozzle (64); the urea storage tank (62) supplies the urea solution to the urea nozzle (63) or the ammonia nozzle (64), and the second heater (65) heats the urea solution supplied to the ammonia nozzle (64) to generate ammonia and supplies the ammonia to the second chamber (61).

5. The exhaust after-treatment device for a high-horsepower diesel engine according to claim 4, wherein: the diesel engine diesel; the temperature sensor (7), the pressure sensor (8), the first heater (41), the urea nozzle (63), the ammonia nozzle (64) and the second heater (65) are all electrically connected with the controller (9).

6. The exhaust after-treatment device for a high-horsepower diesel engine according to claim 5, wherein: when the temperature of the engine tail gas in the second cavity (61) is 150-200 ℃, the ammonia nozzle (64) and the second heater (65) work, and the ammonia nozzle (64) sprays ammonia into the second cavity (61); when the temperature of the engine exhaust in the second cavity (61) is 200-500 ℃, the urea nozzle (63) works, and the urea nozzle (63) sprays urea solution into the second cavity (61).

7. The exhaust after-treatment device for a high-horsepower diesel engine according to claim 5, wherein: the DOC unit (3), the burner unit (4), the DPF unit (5) and the SCR unit (6) are divided into two groups; the first valve (2) is a three-way valve with one inlet and two outlets; two output ends of the first valve (2) are respectively communicated with the first ends of the two DOC units (3).

8. The exhaust after-treatment device for a high-horsepower diesel engine according to claim 7, wherein: the two output ends of the first valve (2) are selectively opened simultaneously or alternately.

9. The exhaust after-treatment device for a high-horsepower diesel engine according to claim 2, wherein: the first cavity (31) is Y-shaped.