CN213276312U - Drive device, vehicle-mounted controller and vehicle - Google Patents
Drive device, vehicle-mounted controller and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN213276312U CN213276312U CN202022460462.5U CN202022460462U CN213276312U CN 213276312 U CN213276312 U CN 213276312U CN 202022460462 U CN202022460462 U CN 202022460462U CN 213276312 U CN213276312 U CN 213276312U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a drive device, an on-vehicle controller and a vehicle, including: the first switch unit is connected between the signal input end and the signal output end and used for outputting the driving signal input by the signal input end to the signal output end; the protection unit is connected with the first switch unit and used for controlling the first switch unit to be switched off when the signal output end is short-circuited so as to cut off a path between the signal input end and the signal output end; the protection unit includes a second switching unit and a first impedance unit connected in parallel to each other.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of drive control technologies, and in particular, to a drive device, an onboard controller, and a vehicle.
Background
In electronic product design, a driving circuit is generally required to be arranged between a load device and a control circuit. When the driving circuit is conducted, the control signal output by the control circuit can be output to the load equipment so as to control the load equipment. However, in the case where the load device is short-circuited, the current flowing through the drive circuit increases, and the drive circuit is easily damaged by the excessive current.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present disclosure provides a drive device, a vehicle-mounted controller, and a vehicle.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a driving device including: the first switch unit is connected between the signal input end and the signal output end and used for outputting the driving signal input by the signal input end to the signal output end; the protection unit is connected with the first switch unit and used for controlling the first switch unit to be switched off when the signal output end is short-circuited so as to cut off a path between the signal input end and the signal output end; the protection unit includes a second switching unit and a first impedance unit connected in parallel to each other.
In some embodiments, the first switch unit includes a first control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal, the second switch unit includes a second control terminal, a third terminal and a fourth terminal, the first terminal is connected to the second control terminal, and the first control terminal and the second terminal are respectively connected to the signal input terminal and the signal output terminal; the first impedance unit is connected between the third end and the second control end in a bridging mode, and the fourth end and the third end are respectively connected with the signal input end and the power supply input end.
In some embodiments, the first switching unit further comprises a first resistor connected across the first control terminal and the first terminal.
In some embodiments, the second switch unit further includes a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the second control terminal, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first terminal and is connected to the third terminal through the first impedance unit.
In some embodiments, the first switching unit includes a first PNP transistor, and the first control terminal, the first terminal, and the second terminal are a base, an emitter, and a collector of the first PNP transistor, respectively; or, the first switch unit includes a first P-channel MOS transistor, and the first control end, the first end, and the second end are a gate, a source, and a drain of the first P-channel MOS transistor, respectively.
In some embodiments, the second switching unit includes a second PNP transistor, and the second control terminal, the third terminal, and the fourth terminal are a base, an emitter, and a collector of the second PNP transistor, respectively; or, the second switch unit includes a second P-channel MOS transistor, and the second control end, the third end, and the fourth end are respectively a gate, a source, and a drain of the second P-channel MOS transistor.
In some embodiments, the driving device further comprises: and the isolation unit is connected between the signal input end and the power input end and is used for isolating the power input end from the signal input end.
In some embodiments, the driving apparatus further comprises an isolation unit connected between the signal input terminal and a power input terminal for isolating the power input terminal from the signal input terminal, the isolation unit comprising: a third switching unit; the third switching unit comprises a third control end, a fifth end and a sixth end, the third control end is connected with the signal input end, the sixth end is connected with the fourth end and the first control end, and the fifth end is grounded.
In some embodiments, the third switching unit includes an NPN transistor, and the third control terminal, the fifth terminal, and the sixth terminal are a base, an emitter, and a collector of the NPN transistor, respectively; or the third switching unit comprises an N-channel MOS tube, and the third control end, the fifth end and the sixth end are respectively a grid electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube.
In some embodiments, the first impedance unit includes a voltage dividing resistor.
In some embodiments, the voltage divider resistance is a variable resistance.
In some embodiments, the first impedance unit includes a voltage dividing resistor, and a resistance value of the voltage dividing resistor is not less than 7 ohms.
In some embodiments, the driving device further comprises: a feedback output port connected to the signal output terminal.
In some embodiments, the driving device further comprises: a second impedance unit connected between the feedback output port and the signal output terminal.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an onboard controller comprising: a control chip; and the driving device according to any of the embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein the control chip includes a driving signal output terminal, and the driving signal output terminal is connected to a signal input terminal of the driving device.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle including: the vehicle-mounted controller according to any one of the embodiments of the present disclosure; and the load equipment is connected with the signal output end of the driving device.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the second switch unit and the first impedance unit which are connected in parallel are used as the protection unit of the driving device, the on-off state of the second switch unit can be controlled based on the voltage of the first impedance unit, so that the passage between the signal input end and the signal output end is cut off under the condition that the signal output end of the driving device is short-circuited, the short-circuit protection of the driving device is realized, the damage of the driving circuit due to overlarge current during the short-circuit of the load is avoided, and the safety of the driving device is improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a drive device without short-circuit protection.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a drive device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a driving apparatus of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a driving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a driving apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an onboard controller of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In addition, the term "at least one" herein means any one of a plurality or any combination of at least two of a plurality.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure better understood and make the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more comprehensible, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the circuit diagram of the driving apparatus without short-circuit protection includes a signal input terminal 101, a switching unit 102 and a signal output terminal 103, and when the switching unit 102 is turned on, a driving signal is output from the signal input terminal 101 to the signal output terminal 103 through the switching unit. The circuit diagram is merely an exemplary illustration, and in practical applications, the structure of each part in the driving device is not limited to the case shown in the figure. Wherein Q1 and Q2 are PNP and NPN transistors, respectively, R1, R2, and R4 are current-limiting resistors, R5 and R3 are bias resistors of the transistors Q1 and Q2, respectively, and function to make the transistors operate in a switching state, D1 is a load device, such as a Light Emitting Diode (LED), R10 is a current-limiting resistor of the load device D1, GND1 and GND2 are both ground, V _ CTRL is a voltage of a driving signal CTRL, VBAT is a voltage of a power input terminal, and V _ OUT is a voltage of a signal output terminal 103 of the driving apparatus. In practical applications, V _ CTRL may be 3.5V or 5V and VBAT may be 12V. Under the condition that the output end of the driving device normally works, the V _ CTRL outputs a high level, the Q2 is conducted, the base of the Q1 is pulled low, the Q1 is conducted, and the V _ OUT outputs a 12V voltage to drive the load D1 and the load D1 to light. When the driving device is in a conducting state, if the signal output end is short-circuited, the current flowing through the Q1 is increased, and the Q1 is easily damaged.
Based on this, as shown in fig. 2, the present disclosure provides a driving apparatus 200, where the driving apparatus 200 includes a first switching unit 201 connected between a signal input terminal 203 and a signal output terminal 204, for outputting a driving signal input from the signal input terminal 203 to the signal output terminal 204; and a protection unit 202 connected to the first switch unit 201, for controlling the first switch unit 201 to be switched off when the signal output terminal 204 is short-circuited, so as to cut off a path between the signal input terminal 203 and the signal output terminal 204; the protection unit 202 includes a second switching unit 202a and a first impedance unit 202b connected in parallel to each other.
In normal operation, the first switch unit 201 is turned on when a driving signal is input from the signal input terminal 203, so as to output the driving signal to the signal output terminal 204. When the signal output end 204 is short-circuited, the first switch unit 201 is turned off under the action of the protection unit 202 to open a path between the signal input end 203 and the signal output end 204, so as to perform a short-circuit protection function.
The resistance value of the first impedance unit 202b may be determined based on the turn-on voltage of the second switching unit 202 a. In some embodiments, the second switching unit 202a is turned on in case the voltage across the second switching unit 202a is greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the second switching unit 202 a; in case the voltage across the second switching unit 202a is smaller than the on-voltage of the second switching unit 202a, the second switching unit 202a is turned off. The turn-on voltage of the second switch unit 202a is related to the hardware characteristics of the second switch unit 202a, for example, in the case that the second switch unit 202a includes a transistor, the turn-on voltage of the second switch unit 202a is considered to be equal to the turn-on voltage of the transistor, and is generally about 0.7V. Therefore, as long as the voltage across the first impedance unit 202b is controlled to be greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the second switch unit 202a, the second switch unit 202a can be turned on, so that the turn-on voltage U of the second switch unit 202a can be adjustedδIn conjunction with the current I flowing through the drive device, the resistance value R of the first impedance unit 202b is determined, i.e.:
R≥Uδ/I (1)
in some embodiments, the first impedance unit 202b includes a voltage dividing resistor. Further, the divider resistor is a variable resistor. Since the variable resistor is connected in parallel with the second switch unit 202a, the voltage of the variable resistor is equal to that of the second switch unit 202a, and as long as the voltage of the variable resistor reaches the on-voltage of the second switch unit 202a, the second switch unit 202a can be turned on, thereby turning off the entire driving apparatus. Since the voltage across the variable resistor is equal to the product of the value of the current flowing through the variable resistor and the resistance of the variable resistor. Therefore, when the variable resistor has different resistance values, the current value (i.e., the output limit current value of the driving apparatus 200) required to make the voltage across the variable resistor reach the on voltage of the second switching unit 202a is also different. The current value is equal to the ratio of the voltage value on the variable resistor to the resistance value of the variable resistor according to the relationship between the voltage and the current. That is, by adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistor, the output limit current value of the driving device 200 can be controlled, so that the driving device 200 can be protected, and the current limiting protection value of the entire driving device 200 can be adjusted.
In some embodiments, by setting the resistance value of the first impedance unit, short-circuit protection of the driving device can be achieved under the condition that the current in the driving circuit is small. The case where the current is small may be a case where a current value in the driving device is less than or equal to 100 mA. Assuming that the turn-on voltage of the first switching unit is 0.7V, the resistance value of the first impedance unit is generally not lower than 7 ohms. In practice, a certain current protection margin δ is generally set, i.e. the short-circuit protection is performed on the driving device when the current in the driving device reaches δ times the maximum current allowed by the driving device. Assuming that δ is 70%, the resistance of the first resistance unit is generally not lower than 10 ohms. As an example, when the maximum current allowed by the driving apparatus is 35mA, the resistance value of the first impedance unit may be set to 20 ohms. It should be noted that, in practice, the resistance of the first impedance unit may be adjusted or set according to the maximum current allowed by the driving device, or according to the maximum current and the current protection margin of the driving device, so that the first impedance unit may control the voltage drop across the second switching unit to exceed the on-voltage of the second switching unit when the current reaches the maximum current or the current value corresponding to the current protection margin, thereby disconnecting the driving device from the load. Therefore, the scheme of the embodiment can realize short-circuit protection of the driving device for a smaller current-limiting protection value, and can be applied to a load device with a small driving current, such as a driving device of an LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp and the like.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the second switch unit 202a and the first impedance unit 202b which are connected in parallel are used as the protection unit of the driving device, the switching state of the second switch unit 202a can be controlled by the voltage of the first impedance unit 202b, so that when the signal output end 204 of the driving device 200 is short-circuited, the path between the signal input end 203 and the signal output end 204 is cut off, so as to perform short-circuit protection on the driving device 200, thereby preventing the driving circuit from being damaged due to overlarge current when a load is short-circuited, and improving the safety of the driving device.
In some embodiments, the first switch unit 201 includes a first control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal, the second switch unit 202a includes a second control terminal, a third terminal and a fourth terminal, the first terminal is connected to the second control terminal, and the first control terminal and the second terminal are respectively connected to the signal input terminal 203 and the signal output terminal 204; the first impedance unit 202b is connected across the third terminal and the second control terminal, and the fourth terminal and the third terminal are respectively connected to the signal input terminal 203 and the power input terminal. The first end and the second end are switched on or off under the control of the first control end, and the third end and the fourth end are switched on or off under the control of the second control end.
In some embodiments, the first switch unit 201 may be controlled to be turned on when the voltage of the first terminal is greater than the voltage of the first control terminal, and a difference between the voltage of the first terminal and the voltage of the first control terminal is greater than or equal to a preset first voltage threshold, and the first switch unit 201 may be controlled to be turned off when the difference between the voltage of the first terminal and the voltage of the first control terminal is less than the preset first voltage threshold. Therefore, the switching state of the first switching unit 201 can be controlled by controlling the voltages of the first terminal and the first control terminal, and the control mode is low in complexity.
In some embodiments, the second switching unit 202a may be controlled to be turned on when the voltage of the third terminal is greater than the voltage of the second control terminal, and a difference between the voltage of the third terminal and the voltage of the second control terminal is greater than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold, and the second switching unit 202a may be controlled to be turned off when the difference between the voltage of the third terminal and the voltage of the second control terminal is less than the preset second voltage threshold. Therefore, the switching state of the second switching unit 202a can be controlled only by controlling the voltages of the third terminal and the second control terminal, and the control mode is low in complexity.
The power input terminal may be connected to a dc power source, which may be a battery. Alternatively, the power input end may be connected to an ac power source through a rectifier and a transformer, and the ac power source may be a commercial power. The rectifier is used for converting an alternating current point output by the alternating current power supply into direct current, and the transformer is used for changing the amplitude of the direct current so as to enable the direct current voltage to be matched with the driving device.
Wherein at least one of the first switch unit 201 and the second switch unit 202a may be a transistor switch unit. The transistor switching unit refers to a switching unit implemented by at least one transistor or a combination of at least two transistors, and the transistor may include at least one of a diode, a triode, a field effect transistor, a thyristor, and the like. Since the transistor has high current sensitivity, that is, an overcurrent phenomenon in the case where a current value is small (for example, a current value of 100mA or less) can be detected by the transistor, the protection means including the transistor switching means can perform short-circuit protection of the drive device, and current-limiting protection of the drive device with a small current can be performed.
Optionally, the first switching unit 201 includes a first PNP triode, and the first control terminal, the first terminal, and the second terminal are a base, an emitter, and a collector of the first PNP triode, respectively. Or optionally, the first switch unit 201 includes a first P-channel MOS transistor, and the first control terminal, the first terminal, and the second terminal are a gate, a source, and a drain of the first P-channel MOS transistor, respectively.
Optionally, the second switching unit 202a includes a second PNP triode, and the second control terminal, the third terminal, and the fourth terminal are a base, an emitter, and a collector of the second PNP triode, respectively. Or optionally, the second switching unit 202a includes a second P-channel MOS transistor, and the second control terminal, the third terminal, and the fourth terminal are respectively a gate, a source, and a drain of the second P-channel MOS transistor.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the structures of the first switch unit 201 and the second switch unit 202a in the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures in the above embodiments, and the first switch unit 201 and the second switch unit 202a may also have other structures, for example, a combination of a plurality of transistors, or a combination of a plurality of MOS transistors, or a combination of at least one transistor and at least one MOS transistor, or a combination of at least one transistor or MOS transistor and other circuit elements may be adopted to implement the first switch unit 201 as long as the first switch unit 201 can be controlled to be turned off when the signal output terminal 204 is short-circuited.
In some embodiments, the first switching unit 201 further comprises a first resistor connected across the first control terminal and the first terminal. In some embodiments, the second switch unit 202a further includes a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the second control terminal, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first terminal and is connected to the third terminal through the first impedance unit. And under the condition that the voltage difference between the first end and the first control end reaches a preset third voltage threshold (the third voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold), the first switch works in a switch state. By reasonably setting the resistance of the first resistor, the voltage difference between the first end and the first control end can reach a preset third voltage threshold, so that the first switch unit 201 works in a switch state. Similarly, the second switch unit 202a can be operated in the on-off state by reasonably setting the resistance of the second resistor.
In some embodiments, the driving apparatus 200 further includes an isolation unit connected between the signal input terminal 203 and the power input terminal, for isolating the power input terminal from the signal input terminal 203 to prevent the voltage signal of the power input terminal from being output to the signal input terminal. The isolation unit may include a third switching unit; the third switching unit includes a third control terminal, a fifth terminal and a sixth terminal, the third control terminal is connected to the signal input terminal 203, the sixth terminal is connected to the fourth terminal and the first control terminal, and the fifth terminal is grounded.
When the voltage of the third control end is greater than the voltage of the fifth end, and the voltage difference between the voltage of the third control end and the voltage of the fifth end is greater than or equal to a preset fourth voltage threshold, the third switching unit is turned on, so that the level of the first control end of the first switching unit is pulled down, and the first switching unit is turned on; and under the condition that the voltage difference between the voltage of the third control end and the voltage of the fifth end is smaller than a preset fourth voltage threshold, the third switching unit is switched off, no current passes through the driving device, and therefore the whole driving device is in a switched-off state.
In the case where the first resistor is included in the driving apparatus, there is a path from the power input terminal to the signal input terminal 203 through the first resistor, so that the voltage signal at the power input terminal is output to the signal input terminal 203 through the loop. By using the isolation unit, the voltage signal at the power input terminal will be output to the ground through the fifth terminal of the third switching unit, but not output to the signal input terminal 203, so that the isolation between the signal input terminal 203 and the power input terminal is achieved.
In practical applications, the third switching unit may include an NPN transistor, and the third control terminal, the fifth terminal, and the sixth terminal are a base, an emitter, and a collector of the NPN transistor, respectively; or the third switching unit may include an N-channel MOS transistor, and the third control terminal, the fifth terminal, and the sixth terminal are a gate, a source, and a drain of the N-channel MOS transistor, respectively.
Under the condition that the base voltage of the NPN triode is greater than the emitter voltage and the voltage difference between the base voltage and the emitter voltage is greater than or equal to the conduction voltage (about 0.7V) of the NPN triode, the NPN triode is conducted, so that the base level of the first switch unit is pulled down to conduct the first switch unit; and under the condition that the voltage difference between the base voltage and the emitter voltage of the NPN triode is less than the conduction voltage of the NPN triode, the NPN triode is disconnected, no current passes through the driving device, and therefore the whole driving device is in a disconnected state. In addition, the signal of the power input end flows to the ground through the emitter of the NPN triode, so that the damage of a device connected with the signal input end due to the fact that the signal of the power input end is input to the signal input end is avoided.
In the case that the difference between the voltage of the signal input terminal 203 and the voltage of the power input terminal is greater than the preset value, the isolation unit may be configured to prevent the voltage signal of the power input terminal from being output to the signal input terminal 203 and causing damage to the signal input terminal 203. When the difference between the voltage of the signal input terminal 203 and the voltage of the power supply is smaller than or equal to the preset value, the influence of the voltage signal of the power supply input terminal being output to the signal input terminal 203 is small, so that the signal input terminal 203 is not damaged, and the isolation unit may not be provided.
In some embodiments, the drive apparatus further comprises a feedback output port connected to the signal output. The feedback output port is used for diagnosing the working condition of the signal output end, so that the output driving circuit is protected more effectively. The operating condition may include any one of normal operation, short circuit, and open circuit. Further, the driving apparatus further includes a second impedance unit connected between the feedback output port and the signal output port 204, and configured to divide the voltage of the feedback output port.
The following describes aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to specific circuit diagrams. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the circuit configuration shown in the following drawings is only an exemplary illustration of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, a circuit diagram of a driving apparatus 200 according to the present disclosure is shown. The circuit comprises a first PNP triode (namely Q1 in the figure), a second PNP triode (namely Q4 in the figure), current limiting resistors R2, R4 and R10, bias resistors R5 and R7, a first impedance unit R6, a high-resistance R8(≧ 1M Ω) and a load device D1, wherein the high-resistance R8 is used for providing reference levels for a signal output end and two ends of a Q1. GND2 represents ground, and V _ CTRL, V _ OUT, and VBAT represent the voltage at the signal input, the signal output, and the power input, respectively. The base of Q1 is connected with the collector of Q4 through R4, the emitter of Q1 is connected with the power input end through R6 and is connected with the base of Q4 through R7, and the collector of Q1 is connected with the signal output end. The emitter of Q4 is connected to the power input and the collector of Q4 is connected to the signal input via R2. R5 is connected across the base and emitter of Q1, and R8 is connected between the power input and the signal output. One end of the load device D1 is connected with the signal output end, and the other end is grounded through a resistor R10.
The embodiment of the disclosure adds a resistor R6 and a transistor Q4 to the driving circuit shown in fig. 1, so as to perform short-circuit protection on the driving circuit shown in fig. 1. Assuming that the rated operating current of the load D1 is 20mA, VBAT is 12V, R6 is 20 Ω, and R8 is a large resistor, and the resistance is generally megaohms. The current Ic flowing through Q1 was 50 mA. When the driving signal is input at the signal input terminal, V _ CTRL is high (e.g., 5V or 3.5V), and Q1 is turned off, so that the entire circuit is in an off state.
Under the condition of normal operation, when no driving signal is input at the signal input end, V _ CTRL is at a low level, the base of Q1 is pulled low, Q1 is turned on, and the power supply input end outputs a 12V voltage to drive the load device D1 and D1 to light up. In the case of a short circuit of the signal output terminal, for example, a short circuit to ground occurs at the signal output terminal, or a short circuit of D1 occurs, resulting in an overcurrent occurring at the signal output terminal, and the current flowing through the resistor R6 increases, so that the voltage across the resistor R6 increases. Assuming that the turn-on voltage of Q4 is 0.7V, it can be seen from equation (1) that when the current through R6 >35mA, Q4 turns on, causing the base of Q1 to be pulled high and turn off. At this time, the path between the signal input terminal and the signal output terminal is cut off, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the circuit.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit with an isolation unit, a portion inside a dashed line box is an isolation unit, which is used for isolating the power supply from the signal input terminal. On the basis of the circuit structure shown in fig. 3, the circuit of this embodiment further includes resistors R1 and R3 and an NPN transistor Q2, the collector of Q2 is connected to the collector of Q4 through a resistor R1, the emitter of Q2 is grounded, the base of Q2 is connected to the signal input terminal through R2, and R3 is connected across between the base and the emitter of Q2.
When the signal input end does not input a driving signal, no current flows in the whole circuit, and the circuit is in a disconnected state. When the driving signal is input at the signal input terminal, V _ CTRL is at a high level (e.g., 5V or 3.5V), Q2 is turned on, so that the base of Q1 is pulled low, Q1 is turned on, and the power supply input terminal outputs a 12V voltage through Q1 to drive the load device D1, and D1 to light up. In the case of a short circuit of the signal output terminal, for example, a short circuit to ground occurs at the signal output terminal, or a short circuit of D1 occurs, resulting in an overcurrent occurring at the signal output terminal, and the current flowing through the resistor R6 increases, so that the voltage across the resistor R6 increases. Assuming that the turn-on voltage of Q4 is 0.7V, it can be seen from equation (1) that when the current through R6 >35mA, Q4 turns on, causing the base of Q1 to be pulled high and turn off. At this time, the path between the signal input terminal and the signal output terminal is cut off, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the circuit.
The voltage V _ CTRL of the driving signal is usually 5V or 3.5V, and the power supply voltage is often greater than the voltage of the driving signal (for example, the power supply voltage is 12V), in the case that an isolation unit is not used, R4 is directly connected to the signal input terminal through R2, and the voltage signal is output from the power supply input terminal to the signal input terminal through R6, R5, R4 and R2 in sequence, which easily causes the device connected to the signal input terminal to be damaged. By adding the isolation unit, the voltage signal of the power input end sequentially passes through R6, R5, R4, R1 and Q2 and is output to the ground, so that the power input end and the signal input end can be isolated from each other under the condition that the voltage of the signal input end is different from the voltage of the power input end, and the voltage of the power input end is prevented from being output from the signal input end to damage components connected with the signal input end.
As shown in fig. 5, is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit with a feedback output port and an isolation unit. On the basis of the circuit structure shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment further includes a feedback output port, a resistor R11 and a resistor R12, the feedback output port is connected to the signal output terminal through a resistor R11 (i.e., a second impedance unit), and the resistor R12 is a clamping resistor and is connected across the load device. By detecting the voltage V _ FD at the feedback output port, the condition of the signal output terminal of the driving apparatus 200 can be determined, and the condition may include any one of normal operation, short circuit, and open circuit. For example, in the case where the signal output terminal is short-circuited, V _ FD is smaller than the voltage in the case where the signal output terminal normally operates. For another example, in the case where the signal output terminal is disconnected, V _ FD is larger than the voltage of the signal output terminal in the normal operation. The driving device can be used for various controllers, taking a car cabin controller as an example, in a cabin controller or a car body controller, the situation that a single LED is driven to display the state is often encountered, for example, a face recognition device displays a green lamp under the condition that face recognition is successful, and displays a red lamp under the condition that face recognition is failed, and the driving current of the single LED is generally dozens of milliamperes.
As shown in fig. 6, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an on-board controller 600, which includes a control chip 601; the driving apparatus 100 according to any embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the control chip 601 includes a driving signal output terminal, and the driving signal output terminal is connected to a signal input terminal of the driving apparatus. The driving device 100 can be referred to as an embodiment of the driving device in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
The embodiment of the disclosure further provides a vehicle, which includes the vehicle-mounted controller of any embodiment of the disclosure, and a load device connected to the signal output end of the driving device. The load device may operate in response to the drive signal.
The load device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may include, but is not limited to, at least one of an LED, a resistor, a solenoid valve, and a relay.
The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer, which may take the form of a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular telephone, camera phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email messaging device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, it is relatively simple to describe, and reference may be made to some descriptions of the method embodiment for relevant points. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the functions of the modules may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware when implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure. And part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Claims (13)
1. A drive device, characterized in that the drive device comprises:
the first switch unit is connected between the signal input end and the signal output end and used for outputting the driving signal input by the signal input end to the signal output end;
the protection unit is connected with the first switch unit and used for controlling the first switch unit to be switched off when the signal output end is short-circuited so as to cut off a path between the signal input end and the signal output end;
the protection unit includes a second switching unit and a first impedance unit connected in parallel to each other.
2. The driving apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first switching unit includes a first control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal, the second switching unit includes a second control terminal, a third terminal and a fourth terminal,
the first end is connected with the second control end, and the first control end and the second end are respectively connected with the signal input end and the signal output end;
the first impedance unit is connected between the third end and the second control end in a bridging mode, and the fourth end and the third end are respectively connected with the signal input end and the power supply input end.
3. The driving apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first switching unit further comprises a first resistor connected across the first control terminal and the first terminal.
4. The driving apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second switch unit further comprises a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the second control terminal, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first terminal, and the second resistor is connected to the third terminal through the first impedance unit.
5. The driving apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first switching unit comprises a first PNP transistor, and the first control terminal, the first terminal, and the second terminal are a base, an emitter, and a collector of the first PNP transistor, respectively; or, the first switch unit includes a first P-channel MOS transistor, and the first control end, the first end, and the second end are respectively a gate, a source, and a drain of the first P-channel MOS transistor;
and/or
The second switching unit comprises a second PNP triode, and the second control end, the third end and the fourth end are respectively a base electrode, an emitting electrode and a collector electrode of the second PNP triode; or, the second switch unit includes a second P-channel MOS transistor, and the second control end, the third end, and the fourth end are respectively a gate, a source, and a drain of the second P-channel MOS transistor.
6. The drive device of claim 1, further comprising:
and the isolation unit is connected between the signal input end and the power input end and is used for isolating the power input end from the signal input end.
7. A driving apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising an isolation unit connected between the signal input terminal and a power input terminal for isolating the power input terminal from the signal input terminal, the isolation unit comprising:
a third switching unit;
the third switching unit comprises a third control end, a fifth end and a sixth end, the third control end is connected with the signal input end, the sixth end is connected with the fourth end and the first control end, and the fifth end is grounded.
8. The driving apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the third switching unit comprises an NPN transistor, and the third control terminal, the fifth terminal, and the sixth terminal are a base, an emitter, and a collector of the NPN transistor, respectively; or
The third switch unit comprises an N-channel MOS tube, and the third control end, the fifth end and the sixth end are respectively a grid electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube.
9. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein the first impedance unit includes a voltage dividing resistor; or
The first impedance unit comprises a divider resistor, and the divider resistor is a variable resistor; or
The first impedance unit comprises a divider resistor, and the resistance value of the divider resistor is not less than 7 ohms.
10. The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the drive device further comprises:
a feedback output port connected to the signal output terminal.
11. The drive of claim 10, further comprising:
a second impedance unit connected between the feedback output port and the signal output terminal.
12. An onboard controller, comprising:
a control chip; and
the drive device of any one of claims 1 to 11;
the control chip comprises a driving signal output end, and the driving signal output end is connected with a signal input end of the driving device.
13. A vehicle, characterized by comprising:
the vehicle-mounted controller of claim 12, and a load device connected to a signal output of the drive device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022460462.5U CN213276312U (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Drive device, vehicle-mounted controller and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022460462.5U CN213276312U (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Drive device, vehicle-mounted controller and vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN213276312U true CN213276312U (en) | 2021-05-25 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022460462.5U Active CN213276312U (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Drive device, vehicle-mounted controller and vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN213276312U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-10-29 CN CN202022460462.5U patent/CN213276312U/en active Active
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Effective date of registration: 20220804 Address after: 210031 floor 12, CSCEC global building, No. 17, Xinghuo Road, Jiangbei new district, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: NANJING MANHOU NETWORK TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 01, 2nd floor, No.29 and 30, Lane 1775, Qiushan Road, Nicheng Town, Lingang New District, Pudong New Area (Shanghai) pilot Free Trade Zone, Shanghai, 200232 Patentee before: Shanghai Shangtang Lingang Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd. |