CN213042931U - Manifold for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack having the same - Google Patents
Manifold for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack having the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN213042931U CN213042931U CN202021847204.6U CN202021847204U CN213042931U CN 213042931 U CN213042931 U CN 213042931U CN 202021847204 U CN202021847204 U CN 202021847204U CN 213042931 U CN213042931 U CN 213042931U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a manifold and fuel cell stack that has this manifold for fuel cell stack, the manifold includes at least one swash plate that stretches into in first passageway and/or the second passageway, the swash plate includes first end and the second end of mutual disposition in the first direction parallel with the length direction of swash plate, the first end of swash plate is suitable for and links to each other with first end plate, the second end of swash plate is suitable for and links to each other with the second end plate, the cross-sectional area of swash plate is followed the first end of swash plate is arrived the direction of the second end of swash plate is crescent, with the edge follow the first end of swash plate is arrived the direction of the second end of swash plate reduces gradually the cross-sectional area of first passageway and/or the cross-sectional area of second passageway. The utility model discloses a manifold for fuel cell stack can maintain the fluid pressure stability of entering and/or discharge fuel cell stack, reduce the pressure drop, has improved the distribution uniformity of reaction gas and cooling fluid in each economize on electricity pond in the stack.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular, to a manifold for a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell stack having the same.
Background
The fuel cell stack is formed by stacking a plurality of cells, and the number of stacked cells is more than 200 to meet the high-power use requirement of the fuel cell stack. In the actual operation process of the cell stack, because the cell stack is too long, the air inlet mode of the cell stack is restricted, the flow in a manifold of the cell stack is large, and the pressure difference in the manifolds before and after the cell stack is increased, the flow distribution of fluid in the actual operation process of each cell in the cell stack can be greatly influenced, and the flow distribution of reaction gas and cooling fluid in each cell in the cell stack is inconsistent, so that the electrochemical performance and the hydrothermal performance of the cell stack can be greatly influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide a manifold for a fuel cell stack, which can maintain a stable pressure of a fluid entering and/or exiting the fuel cell stack, reduce a pressure drop, and improve the distribution uniformity of a reactant gas and a cooling fluid in each cell in the stack.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a fuel cell stack is still provided, and this fuel cell stack can guarantee the gaseous and cooling fluid flow distribution uniformity of reaction among each section of inside battery, and then improves the electrochemical performance and the hydrothermal nature of fuel cell stack.
Manifold for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the fuel cell stack comprising a first end plate and a second end plate, the first end plate being provided with an inlet and an outlet, the fuel cell stack having the first channel in communication with the inlet and a second channel in communication with the outlet, the first channel and the second channel being in communication, the manifold comprising at least one inclined plate,
the swash plate is provided in the first channel and/or the second channel, and the swash plate includes a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other in a first direction, a length direction of the swash plate is parallel to the first direction, the first end of the swash plate is adapted to be connected to the first end plate, the second end of the swash plate is adapted to be connected to the second end plate, and a cross-sectional area of the swash plate gradually increases in a direction from the first end of the swash plate to the second end of the swash plate to gradually decrease a cross-sectional area of the first channel and/or a cross-sectional area of the second channel in a direction from the first end of the swash plate to the second end of the swash plate.
According to the utility model discloses a manifold for fuel cell stack, the swash plate of manifold stretch into first passageway and/or in the second passageway, make first passageway and/or the cross-sectional area of second passageway reduces along the direction from the first end of swash plate to the second end of swash plate gradually, makes first passageway and/or the change of the interior fluidic pressure of second passageway in the direction from the first end of swash plate to the second end of swash plate is little, maintains the pressure stability of the fluid that gets into and/or discharge fuel cell stack, reduces the pressure drop, makes the pressure differential of the corresponding position of first passageway and second passageway even, and then has improved the distribution uniformity of reaction gas and cooling fluid in the battery stack in each.
In some embodiments, the swash plate includes a first side surface and a second side surface that are arranged to be opposed in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, the first side surface being in contact with an inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel, the second side surface being disposed obliquely with respect to the first side surface.
In some embodiments, the second end plate is provided with a snap groove, the second end of the sloping plate has a protrusion with a constant cross-sectional area in a direction away from the first end of the sloping plate, the protrusion is provided within the snap groove.
In some embodiments, the manifold further comprises a flange, the swash plate having a first end connected to the flange through the inlet and/or the outlet, the flange having a through hole opposite to and communicating with the inlet or the outlet.
In some embodiments, the swash plate is a plurality of swash plates, and the plurality of swash plates are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first channel and/or the second channel.
In some embodiments, the first side surface of one of the swash plates is in contact with the inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the first side surface of the other swash plate is in contact with the inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel in a third direction orthogonal to both the first direction and the second direction.
In some embodiments, two of the swash plates are arranged to face each other in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the first side surfaces of the two swash plates are in contact with the inner wall surface of the first passage and/or the second passage on opposite sides in the third direction, respectively.
In some embodiments, the first side surface of one of the swash plates is in contact with the inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, wherein the two swash plates are arranged oppositely in a third direction orthogonal to both the first direction and the second direction, and the first side surfaces of the two swash plates are in contact with the inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel on opposite sides in the third direction, respectively.
The fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes an outer peripheral wall, a first end plate, a second end plate, a cell, and a manifold for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention,
the outer peripheral wall encloses a cavity, the outer peripheral wall comprises a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged in a first direction, and a first channel and a second channel which are oppositely arranged in a second direction which is orthogonal to the first direction are arranged in the cavity;
the first end plate is connected with the first end of the peripheral wall, the first end plate is provided with an inlet and an outlet which are oppositely arranged in the second direction, the inlet is communicated with the first channel, and the outlet is communicated with the second channel;
the second end plate is connected with the second end of the peripheral wall;
the batteries are in multiple sections, the multiple sections of batteries are positioned in a cavity surrounded by the peripheral wall, the multiple sections of batteries are positioned between the first channel and the second channel, and the multiple sections of batteries are arranged at intervals in the first direction;
the manifold is located within the first channel and/or the second channel.
According to the utility model discloses fuel cell stack, the fluid is in first passageway and/or the pressure in the second passageway is little in the change of the orientation from the first end of swash plate to the second end of swash plate, and the pressure change around the fuel gets into the battery is little to guarantee the reactant gas in each section battery of fuel cell stack inside and cooling fluid flow distribution uniformity, and then improve the electrochemical performance and the hydrothermal nature of fuel cell stack
In some embodiments, the manifold includes a first manifold and a second manifold, the first and second manifolds being oppositely disposed in the second direction, the swash plate of the first manifold being located within the first channel and the swash plate of the second manifold being located within the second channel.
In some embodiments, a dimension of the second end of the swash plate of the second manifold in the second direction is greater than a dimension of the second end of the swash plate of the first manifold in the second direction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary manifold according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic bottom view of the manifold of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of another exemplary manifold according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the manifold of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the first end plate of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the second end plate of fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of another exemplary structure of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a comparative diagram showing the flow rate distribution result of each cell in the fuel cell stack according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: an outer peripheral wall 1; a first channel 11; a second channel 12; a first end plate 2; an inlet 21; an outlet 22; a second end plate 3; a first card slot 31; a second card slot 32; a first manifold 41; a second manifold 42; a swash plate 40; a first side 43; a second side 44; a projection 45; a flange 5; a through hole 51; and a battery 6.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a manifold for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first end plate 2 and a second end plate 3, wherein the first end plate 2 is provided with an inlet 21 and an outlet 22. The fuel cell stack has a first passage 11 communicating with an inlet 21 and a second passage 12 communicating with an outlet 22, the first passage 11 and the second passage 12 communicating.
The manifold for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one swash plate 40, and the swash plate 40 is provided in the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12. The utility model discloses well manifold is one at least, and when the manifold was one, the swash plate 40 of manifold was established in first passageway 11 or second passageway 12. When the number of manifolds is two, the swash plates 40 of the two manifolds are respectively provided in the first passage 11 and the second passage 12.
The swash plate 40 includes a first end (e.g., a left end of the swash plate 40 in fig. 1) and a second end (e.g., a right end of the swash plate 40 in fig. 1) that are oppositely arranged in a first direction (e.g., a left-right direction in fig. 1) to which a length direction (e.g., the left-right direction in fig. 1) of the swash plate 40 is parallel. The swash plate 40 has a first end adapted to be connected to the first end plate 2 and a second end adapted to be connected to the second end plate 3, and the swash plate 40 has a cross-sectional area that gradually increases in a direction from the first end of the swash plate 40 to the second end of the swash plate 40 (e.g., in a left-to-right direction in fig. 1) to gradually decrease a cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 and/or a cross-sectional area of the second channel 12 in a direction from the first end of the swash plate 40 to the second end of the swash plate 40. When the inclined plate 40 is located in the first passage, the cross-sectional area of the inclined plate 40 gradually increases from left to right, and thus the cross-sectional area of the first passage 11 gradually decreases from left to right. When the inclined plate 40 is located in the second passage, the cross-sectional area of the inclined plate 40 gradually increases from left to right, thereby gradually decreasing the cross-sectional area of the second passage 12 from left to right.
According to the manifold for a fuel cell stack of the embodiment of the present invention, the swash plate 40 of the manifold protrudes into the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12, the cross-sectional area of the swash plate 40 gradually increases in a direction from the first end of the swash plate 40 to the second end of the swash plate 40 (in a left-to-right direction in fig. 1), such that the cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 gradually decreases in a direction from the first end of the swash plate 40 to the second end of the swash plate 40, the rate of change of the flow velocity of the fluid in the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 in a direction from the first end of the swash plate 40 to the second end of the swash plate 40 (in a left-to-right direction in fig. 1) is slow, the kinetic energy change of the fluid is small, the change of the pressure in a direction from the first end of the swash plate 40 to the second end of the swash plate 40 is small, and the pressure of the fluid entering and/or exiting the, The pressure drop is reduced, and the distribution uniformity of the reaction gas and the cooling fluid in each battery 6 in the battery 6 stack is improved.
In some embodiments, the sloping plate 40 includes a first side surface 43 and a second side surface 44 which are oppositely arranged in a second direction (e.g., up and down direction in fig. 1) orthogonal to the first direction, the first side surface 43 is in contact with an inner wall surface of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12, and the second side surface 44 is disposed obliquely with respect to the first side surface 43 so that a cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 is varied. As shown in fig. 1, 3, 5, and 8, the right end of the second side surface 44 of the swash plate 40 is inclined downward with respect to the first side surface 43 such that the cross-sectional area of the swash plate 40 gradually increases from left to right, thereby enabling the cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 to gradually decrease from left to right.
In some embodiments, the second end plate 3 is provided with a slot, the second end of the sloping plate 40 has a protrusion 45, the cross-sectional area of the protrusion 45 is constant in a direction away from the first end of the sloping plate 40, and the protrusion 45 is provided in the slot to enable the sloping plate 40 to be connected to the second end plate 3. As shown in fig. 2, 4-8, the right end of the sloping plate 40 has a protrusion 45, the cross-sectional area of the protrusion 45 is constant from left to right, and the protrusion 45 is disposed in the slot of the second end plate 3.
In some embodiments, the manifold for a fuel cell stack further includes a flange 5, the first end of the inclined plate 40 is connected to the flange 5 through the inlet 21 and/or the outlet 22, the flange 5 has a through hole 51, the through hole 51 is opposite to and communicates with the inlet 21 or the outlet 22, the flange 5 is connected to the first end plate 2, and the flange 5 communicates with the inlet 21 or the outlet 22. As shown in fig. 3 and 8, when the sloping plate 40 is located in the first channel 11, the left end of the sloping plate 40 passes through the inlet 21 and is connected with the flange 5, the through hole 51 of the flange 5 is opposite to and communicated with the inlet 21, the flange 5 is connected with the first end plate 2, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the flange 5 and the first end plate 2; when the inclined plate 40 is located in the second channel 11, the left end of the inclined plate 40 passes through the outlet 22 and is connected with the flange 5, the through hole 51 of the flange 5 is opposite to and communicated with the outlet 22, the flange 5 is connected with the first end plate 2, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the flange 5 and the first end plate 2.
In some embodiments, the inclined plate 40 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of inclined plates 40 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12, and the number and the positions of the inclined plates 40 can be set according to the length of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12, so as to adjust the variation range of the cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12.
Preferably, the first side surface 43 of one of the swash plates 40 contacts the inner wall surface of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 in a second direction (e.g., up-down direction in fig. 1) orthogonal to the first direction, and the first side surface 43 of the other swash plate 40 contacts the inner wall surface of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 in a third direction (e.g., front-back direction in fig. 1) orthogonal to both the first direction and the second direction.
Preferably, the two sloping plates 40 are oppositely arranged in a third direction (e.g., front-back direction in fig. 1) orthogonal to the first direction, and the first side surfaces 43 of the two sloping plates 40 are in contact with the inner wall surfaces of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 on opposite sides in the third direction, respectively.
Preferably, the first side surface 43 of one of the swash plates 40 contacts the inner wall surface of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 in a second direction (e.g., up-down direction in fig. 1) orthogonal to the first direction, wherein the two swash plates 40 are oppositely arranged in a third direction (e.g., front-back direction in fig. 1) orthogonal to both the first direction and the second direction, and the first side surfaces 43 of the two swash plates 40 contact the inner wall surface of the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 on opposite sides in the third direction, respectively.
A manifold for a fuel cell stack according to some specific examples of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a manifold for a fuel cell stack includes a first manifold 41 and a second manifold 42, the first manifold 41 includes an inclined plate 40, the second manifold 42 includes an inclined plate 40, the inclined plate 40 of the first manifold 41 is disposed in a first channel 11, the inclined plate 40 of the second manifold 42 is disposed in a second channel 12, the inclined plate 40 includes a left end and a right end oppositely disposed from left to right, the left end of the inclined plate 40 is connected to the first end plate 2, the right end of the inclined plate 40 is connected to the second end plate 3, the cross-sectional area of the inclined plate 40 gradually increases from the left end of the inclined plate 40 to the right end of the inclined plate 40, the cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 gradually decreases from left to right, and the cross-sectional area of the second channel 12 gradually decreases from left.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the sloping plate 40 includes a first side surface 43 and a second side surface 44 which are oppositely disposed up and down. In the first passage 11, the first side surface 43 of the swash plate 40 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the first passage 11, and the right end of the second side surface 44 of the swash plate 40 is inclined downward with respect to the first side surface 43 so that the cross-sectional area of the swash plate 40 gradually increases from left to right, thereby enabling the cross-sectional area of the first passage 11 to gradually decrease from left to right. The fluid flows from left to right in the first channel 11, and is continuously divided into the cells, the flow velocity is continuously reduced, the fluid pressure in the first channel 11 is continuously increased, under the condition that the cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 is gradually reduced from left to right, the reduction velocity of the flow velocity is slowed, the acceleration of the fluid pressure is slowed, and the pressure drop at the left end and the right end in the first channel 11 is reduced. In the second channel 12, the first side surface 43 of the swash plate 40 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the second channel 12, and the right end of the second side surface 44 of the swash plate 40 is inclined upward with respect to the first side surface 43, so that the cross-sectional area of the swash plate 40 is gradually reduced from right to left, and the cross-sectional area of the second channel 12 can be gradually increased from right to left. The fluid flows from right to left in the second channel 12, the fluid in each battery converges in the second channel 12, the flow velocity of the fluid continuously increases, the pressure of the fluid in the second channel 12 continuously decreases, the increasing velocity of the flow velocity is slowed down, the deceleration of the fluid pressure is slowed down, and the pressure drop at the left end and the right end in the second channel 12 is reduced under the condition that the cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 is gradually increased from right to left. The pressure difference between the corresponding positions of the first channel 11 and the second channel 12 is uniform, and the distribution consistency of the reaction gas and the cooling fluid in each battery cell in the battery stack is improved
The fuel cell stack for which the manifold is used in this embodiment includes a first end plate 2 and a second end plate 3, the first end plate 2 is provided with an inlet 21 communicating with a first channel 11 and an outlet 22 communicating with a second channel 12, the first channel 11 and the second channel 12 communicate with each other, the second end plate 3 is provided with a first engaging groove 31 corresponding to the first channel 11 and a second engaging groove 32 corresponding to the second channel, the right end of the swash plate 40 is provided with a protruding portion 45, the cross-sectional area of the protruding portion 45 is constant from left to right, the protruding portion 45 of the swash plate 40 located in the first channel 11 is provided in the first engaging groove 31, the swash plate 40 can be connected to the second end plate 3, and the protruding portion 45 of the swash plate 40 located in the second channel 12 is provided in the second engaging groove 32, so that the swash plate 40 can be connected to the second end plate 3.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8, in the manifold for a fuel cell stack according to another embodiment of the present invention, compared with the previous embodiment, the present embodiment further includes a flange 5, the left end of the inclined plate 40 located in the first channel 11 passes through the inlet 21 and is connected to the flange 5, the through hole 51 of the flange 5 is opposite to and communicates with the inlet 21, the flange 5 is connected to the first end plate 2, and a sealing gasket is disposed between the flange 5 and the first end plate 2; the left end of the sloping plate 40 positioned in the second channel 11 passes through the outlet 22 and is connected with the flange 5, the through hole 51 of the flange 5 is opposite to and communicated with the outlet 22, the flange 5 is connected with the first end plate 2, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the flange 5 and the first end plate 2.
A fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the fuel cell stack according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the outer peripheral wall 1, the first end plate 2, the second end plate 3, the cells 6 and the manifolds,
the outer peripheral wall 1 encloses a cavity, the outer peripheral wall 1 comprises a first end (such as the left end of the outer peripheral wall 1 in fig. 5) and a second end (such as the right end of the outer peripheral wall 1 in fig. 5) which are oppositely arranged in a first direction (such as the left-right direction in fig. 5), and a first channel 11 and a second channel 12 which are oppositely arranged in a second direction (such as the up-down direction in fig. 5) which is orthogonal to the first direction are arranged in the cavity;
a first end plate 2 connected to a first end of the outer peripheral wall 1, the first end plate 2 having an inlet 21 and an outlet 22 arranged opposite to each other in a second direction (up-down direction in fig. 5), the inlet 21 communicating with the first passage 11, the outlet 22 communicating with the second passage 12;
the second end plate 3 is connected to a second end of the outer peripheral wall 1;
the batteries 6 are in multiple sections, the multiple sections of batteries 6 are positioned in a cavity surrounded by the outer peripheral wall 1, the multiple sections of batteries 6 are positioned between the first channel 11 and the second channel 12, and the multiple sections of batteries 6 are arranged at intervals in the first direction;
the manifold is located within the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12.
According to the manifold for the fuel cell stack of the embodiment of the present invention, the change of the pressure of the fluid in the first channel 11 and/or the second channel 12 in the direction from the first end of the swash plate 40 to the second end of the swash plate 40 (the left-right direction in fig. 5) is small, and the change of the pressure before and after the fuel enters the cells 6 is small, so that the flow distribution in the plurality of cells 6 tends to be stable and uniform.
In some embodiments, the manifold is one, the swash plate 40 is provided in the first channel 11 or the second channel 12, and the pressure of the fluid in the first channel 11 or the second channel 12 is small in a change in a direction from the first end of the swash plate 40 to the second end of the swash plate 40 (left-right direction in fig. 5).
In some embodiments, the manifolds include a first manifold 41 and a second manifold 42, the first manifold 41 and the second manifold 42 are arranged opposite to each other in the second direction, the swash plate 40 of the first manifold 41 is located in the first channel 11, the swash plate 40 of the second manifold 42 is located in the second channel 12, the pressure of the fluid in the first channel 11 and the second channel 12 has small variation in the direction from the first end of the swash plate 40 to the second end of the swash plate 40 (the left-right direction in fig. 5), and the flow distribution in the plurality of cells 6 is more stable and uniform.
Further, the dimension of the second end of the sloping plate 40 of the second manifold 42 in the second direction is larger than the dimension of the second end of the sloping plate 40 of the first manifold 41 in the second direction, and the thickness direction of the sloping plate 40 is parallel to the second direction (e.g., the up-down direction in fig. 5), so that the cross-sectional area of the second channel 12 is greatly changed, and the influence of fluid confluence in the second channel 12 is reduced.
A fuel cell stack according to some specific examples of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7, a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an outer peripheral wall 1, a first end plate 2, a second end plate 3, a cell 6, and a manifold.
The peripheral wall 1 encloses into the cavity, and the peripheral wall 1 includes left end and the right-hand member of relative arrangement about, is equipped with relative first passageway 11 and the second passageway 12 of arranging about being equipped with in the cavity.
The first end plate 2 is connected to the left end of the outer peripheral wall 1, the first end plate 2 has an inlet 21 and an outlet 22 arranged opposite to each other in the up-down direction, the inlet 21 is communicated with the first passage 11, the outlet 22 is communicated with the second passage 12, and the second end plate 3 is connected to the right end of the outer peripheral wall 1.
The batteries 6 are in multiple sections, the multiple batteries 6 are positioned in a cavity surrounded by the peripheral wall 1, the multiple batteries 6 are positioned between the first channel 11 and the second channel 12, and the multiple batteries 6 are arranged at left and right intervals.
The manifold comprises a first manifold 41 and a second manifold 42, the first manifold 41 comprises an inclined plate 40, the second manifold 42 comprises an inclined plate 40, the inclined plate 40 of the first manifold 41 is arranged in the first channel 11, the inclined plate 40 of the second manifold 42 is arranged in the second channel 12, the inclined plate 40 comprises a left end and a right end which are oppositely arranged, the left end of the inclined plate 40 is connected with the first end plate 2, the right end of the inclined plate 40 is connected with the second end plate 3, the cross-sectional area of the inclined plate 40 is gradually increased from the left end of the inclined plate 40 to the right end of the inclined plate 40, the cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 is gradually reduced from left to right, and the cross-sectional area of the second channel 12 is gradually reduced from left to.
The sloping plate 40 includes a first side surface 43 and a second side surface 44 which are oppositely disposed up and down. In the first passage 11, the first side surface 43 of the swash plate 40 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the first passage 11, and the right end of the second side surface 44 of the swash plate 40 is inclined downward with respect to the first side surface 43 so that the cross-sectional area of the swash plate 40 gradually increases from left to right, thereby enabling the cross-sectional area of the first passage 11 to gradually decrease from left to right. The fluid flows from left to right in the first channel 11, and is continuously divided into the cells, the flow velocity is continuously reduced, the fluid pressure in the first channel 11 is continuously increased, under the condition that the cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 is gradually reduced from left to right, the reduction velocity of the flow velocity is slowed, the acceleration of the fluid pressure is slowed, and the pressure drop at the left end and the right end in the first channel 11 is reduced. In the second channel 12, the first side surface 43 of the swash plate 40 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the second channel 12, and the right end of the second side surface 44 of the swash plate 40 is inclined upward with respect to the first side surface 43, so that the cross-sectional area of the swash plate 40 is gradually reduced from right to left, and the cross-sectional area of the second channel 12 can be gradually increased from right to left. The fluid flows from right to left in the second channel 12, the fluid in each battery converges in the second channel 12, the flow velocity of the fluid continuously increases, the pressure of the fluid in the second channel 12 continuously decreases, the increasing velocity of the flow velocity is slowed down, the deceleration of the fluid pressure is slowed down, and the pressure drop at the left end and the right end in the second channel 12 is reduced under the condition that the cross-sectional area of the first channel 11 is gradually increased from right to left. The pressure difference between the corresponding positions of the first channel 11 and the second channel 12 is uniform, and the distribution consistency of the reaction gas and the cooling fluid in each battery in the battery stack is improved.
The second end plate 3 is provided with a first clamping groove 31 corresponding to the first channel 11 and a second clamping groove 32 corresponding to the second channel, the right end of the inclined plate 40 is provided with a protruding part 45, the cross-sectional area of the protruding part 45 is unchanged from left to right, the protruding part 45 of the inclined plate 40 positioned in the first channel 11 is arranged in the first clamping groove 31, the inclined plate 40 can be connected with the second end plate 3, the protruding part 45 of the inclined plate 40 positioned in the second channel 12 is arranged in the second clamping groove 32, and the inclined plate 40 can be connected with the second end plate 3.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8, the fuel cell stack according to another embodiment of the present invention is different from the previous embodiment in that the fuel cell stack further includes a flange 5, the left end of the inclined plate 40 located in the first channel 11 passes through the inlet 21 and is connected to the flange 5, the through hole 51 of the flange 5 is opposite to and communicates with the inlet 21, the flange 5 is connected to the first end plate 2, and a sealing gasket is disposed between the flange 5 and the first end plate 2; the left end of the sloping plate 40 positioned in the second channel 11 passes through the outlet 22 and is connected with the flange 5, the through hole 51 of the flange 5 is opposite to and communicated with the outlet 22, the flange 5 is connected with the first end plate 2, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the flange 5 and the first end plate 2.
The utility model discloses the principle that utilizes manifold to adjust the distribution uniformity of fluid in each economize on electricity pond does:
the voltage drop in a single cell is:
in the formula: delta P is the pressure drop of fluid in a single battery, rho is the density of working medium, vinThe flow rate of the incoming fluid for a single cell (the flow rate of the fluid in the first manifold 11), voutThe flow rate of the fluid flowing out of the single cell (the flow rate of the fluid in the second manifold 12), f is the coefficient of friction, LfoldIs the length of a single battery, DHThe equivalent diameter of the fluid circulation in a single cell; kfThe local pressure loss coefficient. The first term in the right equation is the hydrodynamic loss, the second term is the on-way drag loss, and the third term is the local drag loss. The smaller the change in the flow velocity of the fluid in the first manifold 11 and the second manifold 12 is, the more stable the difference in the velocity of the fluid flowing into and out of each of the single cells is, the more uniform the pressure drop in the single cell is, and the constant cross-sectional area of the fluid flowing in the single cell is, so the more uniform the flow distribution in the single cell is.
The present invention will be further explained by taking the flow distribution of 300 cells 6 in the fuel cell stack as an example. The left end of the sloping plate 40 of the first manifold 41 is 0.5mm thick and the right end is 2mm thick, and the left end of the sloping plate 40 of the first manifold 41 is 0.5mm thick and the end is 2.5mm thick. The first manifold 41 is fixed to the first channel 11, the second manifold 42 is fixed to the second channel 12, the first manifold 41 and the second manifold 42 are arranged opposite to each other, and the result of flow distribution is shown in fig. 9. The result of the flow distribution is shown in fig. 9 when the first manifold 41 is provided only in the first passage 11. The flow rate distribution results when neither the first manifold 41 nor the second manifold 42 is provided are also shown in fig. 9.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship indicated based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A manifold for a fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack comprising a first end plate and a second end plate, the first end plate having an inlet and an outlet disposed thereon, the fuel cell stack having a first passage in communication with the inlet and a second passage in communication with the outlet, the first and second passages being in communication, the manifold comprising at least one sloping plate,
the swash plate is provided in the first channel and/or the second channel, and the swash plate includes a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other in a first direction, a length direction of the swash plate is parallel to the first direction, the first end of the swash plate is adapted to be connected to the first end plate, the second end of the swash plate is adapted to be connected to the second end plate, and a cross-sectional area of the swash plate gradually increases in a direction from the first end of the swash plate to the second end of the swash plate to gradually decrease a cross-sectional area of the first channel and/or a cross-sectional area of the second channel in a direction from the first end of the swash plate to the second end of the swash plate.
2. The manifold for a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the swash plate includes a first side surface and a second side surface that are arranged to be opposed in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, the first side surface being in contact with an inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel, the second side surface being provided obliquely with respect to the first side surface.
3. The manifold for a fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein the second end plate is provided with a snap groove, the second end of the swash plate has a projection, the cross-sectional area of the projection is constant in a direction away from the first end of the swash plate, and the projection is provided in the snap groove.
4. The manifold for a fuel cell stack of claim 1, further comprising a flange, wherein the first end of the swash plate is connected to the flange through the inlet and/or the outlet, and the flange has a through hole opposite to and communicating with the inlet or the outlet.
5. The manifold for a fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the swash plate is plural, and the plural swash plates are arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the first channel and/or the second channel.
6. The manifold for a fuel cell stack according to claim 5, wherein a first side surface of one of the swash plates is in contact with an inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and a first side surface of the other swash plate is in contact with an inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel in a third direction orthogonal to both the first direction and the second direction.
7. The manifold for a fuel cell stack according to claim 5, wherein two of the swash plates are arranged oppositely in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction, and first side surfaces of the two swash plates are in contact with inner wall surfaces of the first channel and/or the second channel on opposite sides in the third direction, respectively.
8. The manifold for a fuel cell stack according to claim 5, wherein a first side surface of one of the swash plates is in contact with an inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, wherein two of the swash plates are arranged oppositely in a third direction orthogonal to both the first direction and the second direction, and the first side surfaces of the two swash plates are in contact with the inner wall surface of the first channel and/or the second channel on opposite sides in the third direction, respectively.
9. A fuel cell stack, comprising:
an outer peripheral wall enclosing a cavity, the outer peripheral wall including a first end and a second end oppositely arranged in a first direction, a first channel and a second channel oppositely arranged in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction being arranged in the cavity;
a first end plate connected to the first end of the peripheral wall, the first end plate having an inlet and an outlet oppositely disposed in the second direction, the inlet communicating with the first passage and the outlet communicating with the second passage;
a second end plate connected to a second end of the peripheral wall;
the batteries are multiple in number, the multiple batteries are located in a cavity defined by the peripheral wall, the multiple batteries are located between the first channel and the second channel, and the multiple batteries are arranged at intervals in the first direction;
a manifold for a fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the manifold being located within the first channel and/or the second channel.
10. The fuel cell stack of claim 9, wherein the manifold includes a first manifold and a second manifold, the first and second manifolds being oppositely disposed in the second direction, the swash plate of the first manifold being located in the first channel, the swash plate of the second manifold being located in the second channel.
11. The fuel cell stack of claim 10 wherein a dimension of the second end of the swash plate of the second manifold in the second direction is greater than a dimension of the second end of the swash plate of the first manifold in the second direction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021847204.6U CN213042931U (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Manifold for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack having the same |
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| CN202021847204.6U CN213042931U (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Manifold for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack having the same |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114580111A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-03 | 武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司 | Air intake manifold design method based on double-stack flow distribution consistency |
| CN114595531A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司 | Air inlet manifold design method based on double-stack flow distribution consistency |
| CN117727991A (en) * | 2024-02-08 | 2024-03-19 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Novel galvanic pile structure |
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2020
- 2020-08-28 CN CN202021847204.6U patent/CN213042931U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114580111A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-03 | 武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司 | Air intake manifold design method based on double-stack flow distribution consistency |
| CN114595531A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司 | Air inlet manifold design method based on double-stack flow distribution consistency |
| CN114595531B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-10-14 | 武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司 | Air inlet manifold design method based on double-stack flow distribution consistency |
| CN114580111B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-10-25 | 武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司 | Air intake manifold design method based on double-stack flow distribution consistency |
| CN117727991A (en) * | 2024-02-08 | 2024-03-19 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Novel galvanic pile structure |
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