CN213019642U - Organic waste burns pyrolysis system - Google Patents
Organic waste burns pyrolysis system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213019642U CN213019642U CN202021355064.0U CN202021355064U CN213019642U CN 213019642 U CN213019642 U CN 213019642U CN 202021355064 U CN202021355064 U CN 202021355064U CN 213019642 U CN213019642 U CN 213019642U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of middle and small-sized garbage treatment, in particular to an organic waste incineration and pyrolysis system, which comprises a conveyor, a crusher, a deacidification tank, a charging hopper, a dust remover and an incineration and pyrolysis furnace body; the incineration pyrolysis furnace body is divided into a low-temperature pyrolysis chamber and a high-temperature incineration chamber, and the low-temperature pyrolysis chamber is provided with a pyrolysis auger, a feeding auger and a feeding hopper. Through the low temperature pyrolysis technology, can effectively reduce the total content of pollutant in the organic waste composition, but pyrolysis technology gasification rate is limited, hardly carries out high-efficient conversion to the oily fixed carbon composition in the rubbish, consequently, utilizes the grate to carry out high temperature gasification incineration to the pyrolytic carbon residue after the pyrolysis, can realize the biggest minimizing of rubbish, and through the dry pyrolysis process of rubbish, domestic waste moisture content reduces by a wide margin, and domestic waste's calorific value improves by a wide margin.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a middle-size and small-size refuse treatment technical field especially relates to an organic waste burns pyrolysis system.
Background
The patent application with the patent number of CN201720749317.4 is filed by my company on 26.06.2017, and relates to a low-temperature electromagnetic force cracking system for treating organic waste, which comprises a charging hopper, a combustion cracking furnace, an annular air supply device, a smoke outlet and an ash chamber, wherein the lower part of the combustion cracking furnace is provided with a multi-stage annular air supply device and the ash chamber, and the upper part of the low-temperature cracking furnace is provided with the charging hopper and the smoke outlet; the annular air supply device comprises an annular pipeline, an air inlet pipe orifice and an air outlet pipe orifice, wherein the air outlet pipe orifice is arranged on the inner side of the annular pipeline, and the air inlet pipe orifice is arranged on the outer side of the annular pipeline. Air enters the magnetizer through a flow valve by virtue of the suction force of a smoke outlet at the upper part of the furnace body, the magnetized air respectively enters the peripheral air supply pipelines through pipelines, then enters the middle lower part of the furnace body through parallel air outlets arranged on the annular pipeline, and the air inlet pipe orifice adjusts the air inlet amount through an electric or manual control valve. At least one stage of stirring mechanism is arranged in the combustion cracking furnace, and the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft, a stirring motor and stirring blades. An electric or manual valve and an air magnetization cracker are arranged on the air inlet pipe orifice. And a third-level annular air supply device is arranged in the combustion cracking furnace and is positioned below the stirring mechanism. The air magnetization cracker is a 4000-6000 gauss magnet. The lower part of the ash chamber is provided with a supporting base.
But the problem that the cracking efficiency of the organic waste is low is found in the use of the equipment, and the equipment is upgraded and researched in order to further improve the performance of the whole equipment and better meet the market demand.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a problem that organic waste schizolysis is inefficient among the prior art, provide a pyrolysis system for handling organic waste, especially two temperature section pyrolysis systems.
Rural domestic garbage is mainly mixed garbage, the water content is high, the garbage incineration heat value is low, the combustion is incomplete, the load of environment-friendly flue gas treatment is heavy, and the treatment cost is greatly increased. Agricultural films, rubber products, leather products and the like are mixed in rural garbage, and a large amount of toxic and harmful gas and dust are generated under the condition of insufficient combustion. By adopting the double-temperature pyrolysis technology, the heat value can be improved, and the total content of pollutants in the household garbage can be effectively reduced. The utility model discloses carry out the special development to rural rubbish, concrete technical scheme is as follows:
an organic waste incineration pyrolysis system comprises a conveyor, a crusher, a deacidification tank, a charging hopper, a dust remover and an incineration pyrolysis furnace body; the incineration pyrolysis furnace body is divided into a low-temperature pyrolysis chamber and a high-temperature incineration chamber, and the low-temperature pyrolysis chamber is provided with a pyrolysis auger, a feeding auger and a feeding hopper.
The conveyer is divided into a conveyer I and a conveyer II, and a crusher is arranged between the conveyer I and the conveyer II.
The low-temperature pyrolysis chamber of the incineration pyrolysis furnace body is connected with the conveyor I, the crusher, the conveyor II and the deacidification tank; the high-temperature burning chamber of the burning pyrolysis furnace body is connected with the air preheater, the heat exchanger and the fire grate.
The air preheater is provided with a flue gas inlet I, a flue gas outlet I, an air inlet, an air outlet and heat exchange tubes I, the heat exchange tubes I are provided with a plurality of tubes for communicating the flue gas inlet I with the flue gas outlet I to form a high-temperature flue gas channel, the air inlet is communicated with the air outlet to form a preheated air channel, and the high-temperature flue gas channel and the preheated air channel are mutually isolated;
the heat exchanger is divided into a flue gas inlet II, a flue gas outlet II, a water inlet, a water outlet, a heat exchange tube II and an ash removal port, the heat exchange tube II is provided with a plurality of tubes, the flue gas inlet II is communicated with the flue gas outlet II to form a flue gas channel, the water inlet is communicated with the water outlet to form a water channel, and the flue gas channel is isolated from the water channel; the high-temperature flue gas passage of the air preheater is communicated with the flue gas passage of the heat exchanger.
The low-temperature pyrolysis chamber is divided into zigzag paths by partition plates.
The grate 12 is an existing product, is selected according to the matching of the combustion tonnage of the incinerator, and the specific model can be selected from Yongning mechanical factory in Wakusho, namely a chain grate 2 t/h.
The utility model has the advantages that:
through the low temperature pyrolysis technology, can effectively reduce the total content of pollutant in the organic waste composition, but the pyrolysis technology gasification rate is limited, hardly carry out high-efficient conversion to the oily fixed carbon composition in the rubbish, consequently, utilize the grate to carry out high temperature gasification burning to the pyrolytic carbon residue after the pyrolysis, can realize the biggest minimizing of rubbish, through the dry pyrolysis process of rubbish, domestic waste moisture content reduces by a wide margin, domestic waste's calorific value improves by a wide margin, can make domestic waste combustion temperature be greater than 850 degrees centigrade, thoroughly decomposed harmful substance, the treatment effeciency of rubbish has been improved and the treatment cost has been reduced.
Meanwhile, the retention time of the flue gas in the combustion chamber is designed to be more than 2 seconds, the temperature of the flue gas is rapidly reduced to 80 ℃ through a heat exchange and quenching device at the rear end, secondary synthesis of dioxin is avoided, dust removing equipment such as wet dust removal, wire mesh dust removal and electrostatic dust removal is arranged at the upper part of the equipment, the flue gas is effectively treated, and various emission indexes meet relevant standards such as GB18485-2014, EU2000/76/EC and the like.
Through the technical combination, the water content and the chlorine content of the household garbage can be effectively reduced, the burning feeding heat value and the stability can be improved, and the oxidation reaction process in the furnace can be enhanced through the magnetization technology, so that the treatment level of the household garbage is greatly improved by the process, and the process has good adaptability especially for the treatment characteristics of small garbage in villages, towns and rural areas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the utility model showing the material decomposition;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an air preheater of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchanger of the utility model.
In the figure: the device comprises a conveyor I1, a crusher 2, a conveyor II 3, a deacidification tank 4, a pyrolysis auger 5, a feeding auger 6, a loading hopper 7, a dust remover 8, an air preheater 9, a heat exchanger 10, an incineration pyrolysis furnace body 11, a grate 12, a low-temperature pyrolysis chamber 13, a high-temperature incineration chamber 14, a flue gas inlet I901, a flue gas outlet I902, an air inlet 903, an air outlet 904, a heat exchange tube I905, a flue gas inlet II 1001, a flue gas outlet II 1002, a water inlet 1003, a water outlet 1004, a heat exchange tube II 1005 and an ash removal opening 1006.
Detailed Description
An organic waste incineration pyrolysis system comprises a conveyor, a crusher, a deacidification tank 4, a hopper 7, a dust remover 8 and an incineration pyrolysis furnace body 11; the incineration pyrolysis furnace body 11 is divided into a low-temperature pyrolysis chamber 13 and a high-temperature incineration chamber 14, and the low-temperature pyrolysis chamber 13 is provided with a pyrolysis auger 5, a feeding auger 6 and a feeding hopper 7.
The conveyor is divided into a conveyor I1 and a conveyor II 3, and a crusher 2 is arranged between the conveyor I1 and the conveyor II 3.
The low-temperature pyrolysis chamber 13 of the incineration pyrolysis furnace body 11 is connected with the conveyor I1, the crusher 2, the conveyor II 3 and the deacidification tank 4; the high-temperature incineration chamber 14 of the incineration pyrolysis furnace body 11 is connected with the air preheater 9, the heat exchanger 10 and the grate 12.
The air preheater 9 is provided with a flue gas inlet I901, a flue gas outlet I902, an air inlet 903, an air outlet 904 and a heat exchange tube I905, the heat exchange tube I905 is provided with a plurality of tubes for communicating the flue gas inlet I901 with the flue gas outlet I902 to form a high-temperature flue gas passage, the air inlet 903 is communicated with the air outlet 904 to form a preheated air passage, and the high-temperature flue gas passage and the preheated air passage are isolated from each other; the heat exchanger 10 is divided into a flue gas inlet II 1001, a flue gas outlet II 1002, a water inlet 1003, a water outlet 1004, a heat exchange tube II 1005 and an ash removal port 1006, the heat exchange tube II 1005 is provided with a plurality of tubes, the flue gas inlet II 1001 is communicated with the flue gas outlet II 1002 to form a flue gas channel, the water inlet 1003 is communicated with the water outlet 1004 to form a water channel, and the flue gas channel is isolated from the water channel; the high-temperature flue gas passage of the air preheater is communicated with the flue gas passage of the heat exchanger.
The low-temperature pyrolysis chamber 13 is divided into zigzag paths by partitions.
A pyrolysis method of an organic waste incineration pyrolysis system comprises the following steps:
A. pre-crushing of materials
The organic waste is sorted and then conveyed to a crusher 2 through a conveyor I1 to be crushed, the granularity of the crushed organic waste is below 50mm, the crushed organic waste is conveyed to a feeding hopper 7 at the top of an incineration pyrolysis furnace body 11 through a conveyor II 3, and the organic waste is pushed to a low-temperature pyrolysis chamber 13 through a feeding auger 6;
B. low temperature pyrolysis
The organic waste slowly advances along the tortuous path through the feeding auger 6 and the pyrolysis auger 5, the organic waste is heated to 300-400 ℃ in the tortuous path and is stirred by the pyrolysis auger 5, and the generation of dioxin is effectively reduced by the slow advancing of the organic waste in the anoxic environment of the area;
C. high temperature incineration
The organic waste after pyrolysis is sent into a high-temperature incineration chamber 14 to be gasified and incinerated at high temperature by utilizing the transmission of a grate 12, the organic waste stays on the grate for 20-30 minutes, and the combustion temperature in the high-temperature incineration chamber 14 is more than 850 ℃; the retention time of the flue gas in the temperature region above 850 ℃ is more than 2 seconds, so that the harmful substances are thoroughly decomposed, the garbage treatment efficiency is improved, and the treatment cost is reduced.
Also comprises the following steps:
D. deacidifying pretreatment
And pumping the gas generated by pyrolysis into a deacidification tank 4, and spraying to remove chloride, wherein the spraying liquid is a sodium hydroxide solution and has a pH value of 9-11. The water content of the organic waste is greatly reduced after pyrolysis, the water content is reduced to below 15% from 40%, and the heat value of the organic waste is greatly improved from 1800KKal/kg to 2800 KKal/kg.
Also comprises the following steps:
E. combustion air preheating
The flue gas generated by combustion in the high-temperature incineration chamber 14 carries out heat energy exchange through the air preheater 9; the preheated air with the temperature of 300 ℃ is sent to the bottom of the grate 12, so that the temperature inside the combustion chamber 14 can be conveniently increased to be quickly raised to over 850 ℃, the pyrolysis of the organic wastes is accelerated, the stable combustion in the furnace is ensured, and the combustion efficiency and the temperature are improved.
During the use, organic waste conveys to breaker 2 through conveyer I1 after simply sorting and carries out the breakage, organic waste granularity after the breakage is less than 50mm, carry to burning pyrolysis furnace body 11 top loading hopper 7 by conveyer II 3, organic waste passes through the effect propelling movement of feeding auger 6 to pyrolysis chamber 13, pyrolysis chamber 13 heats through the flame of combustion chamber, organic waste takes place the pyrolytic reaction after being heated to 300 ℃ -400 ℃ in this stage, organic waste after the pyrolysis sends to the grate 12 that sets up in combustion chamber 14 bottom through the effect of pyrolysis auger 3 on, send the organic waste after the pyrolysis into combustion chamber 14 through the effect of grate 12 and gasify and burn, flue gas and the moisture that pyrolysis chamber 13 produced are pumped to spraying desorption chloride in deacidification jar 4. Because the organic waste furnace effectively reduces the moisture after the front-section pyrolysis and improves the heat value, the gasification incineration temperature can exceed 850 ℃. The flue gas after gasification burning stays in the furnace for 2 seconds and then is introduced into an air preheater 9 arranged at the rear end of a burning pyrolysis furnace body 11, the air preheater 9 enables the flue gas and cold air to exchange heat to generate hot air of 300-350 ℃ and then enters the bottom of a combustion chamber 14, so that the internal temperature of the combustion chamber 14 is increased, the pyrolysis of organic wastes is accelerated, the stable combustion in the furnace is ensured, and the combustion efficiency and the temperature are increased. The flue gas is cooled from 850 ℃ to 300 ℃ under the action of an air preheater 9, enters a rear heat exchanger 10, enters a dust removal system arranged at the top of the incineration pyrolysis furnace after reaching 80 ℃ under the action of the heat exchanger 10, and is discharged into the atmosphere.
The utility model discloses the characteristic to rural domestic waste characteristic rural domestic waste is that organic waste humidity is big, and dusty soil inorganic matter is many, contains agricultural production's plastic film, straw, animal manure etc.. A double-temperature domestic garbage pyrolysis technology is selected to form a set of complete pyrolysis system and process, namely low-temperature pyrolysis, high-temperature gasification combustion, water film dust removal, wet net dust removal, magnetization spray dust removal and high-voltage electrostatic dust removal. The utility model discloses a low temperature electromagnetic force schizolysis system CN 201720749317.4's comprehensive upgrading transformation to organic waste.
The low-temperature pyrolysis technology means that the longer molecular chain of the organic waste is broken under a certain temperature condition in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient stateThe process of forming components such as micromolecular combustible gas or short-chain organic waste and the like is detected, and the components of the pyrolysis gas are as follows:
| N2 | O2 | CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 | CNHN |
| 62.23% | 3.12% | 2.41% | 8.56% | 13.57% | 6.37% | 3.74% |
because the pyrolysis process is anoxic or anaerobic, and the pyrolysis environment is in a reduction state, pollutants generated in the pyrolysis process are relatively less, and therefore, the pyrolysis technology has obvious environmental protection advantages in the aspects of disposal of organic solid wastes and the like. Dioxin generated by garbage incineration can be separated out in the form of HCl through deacidification pretreatment. Through low-temperature pyrolysis technology, the domestic waste is firstly pyrolyzed, deacidification treatment is carried out on gas generated by pyrolysis, HCl components are removed, then the gas is returned to the furnace for incineration, the dioxin generation probability and the total pollutant emission amount in the furnace can be effectively reduced, the reduction amount of dioxin is reduced from 0.055ng/nm to 0.0086ng/nm in the process of carrying out the high-temperature pyrolysis technology, and the reduction rate is about 84%.
Claims (5)
1. An organic waste incineration pyrolysis system is characterized by comprising a conveyor, a crusher, an deacidification tank (4), a hopper (7), a dust remover (8) and an incineration pyrolysis furnace body (11); the incineration pyrolysis furnace body (11) is divided into a low-temperature pyrolysis chamber (13) and a high-temperature incineration chamber (14), and the low-temperature pyrolysis chamber (13) is provided with a pyrolysis auger (5), a feeding auger (6) and a feeding hopper (7).
2. An organic waste incineration pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor is divided into a conveyor I (1) and a conveyor II (3), and a crusher (2) is arranged between the conveyor I (1) and the conveyor II (3).
3. The organic waste incineration pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that the low temperature pyrolysis chamber (13) of the incineration pyrolysis furnace body (11) is connected with a conveyor I (1), a crusher (2), a conveyor II (3) and a deacidification tank (4); a high-temperature incineration chamber (14) of the incineration pyrolysis furnace body (11) is connected with an air preheater (9), a heat exchanger (10) and a fire grate (12).
4. An organic waste incineration pyrolysis system according to claim 3, characterized in that the air preheater (9) is provided with a flue gas inlet I (901), a flue gas outlet I (902), an air inlet (903), an air outlet (904) and a heat exchange tube I (905), the heat exchange tube I (905) is provided with a plurality of tubes for communicating the flue gas inlet I (901) with the flue gas outlet I (902) to form a high temperature flue gas passage, the air inlet (903) is communicated with the air outlet (904) to form a preheated air passage, and the high temperature flue gas passage and the preheated air passage are isolated from each other;
the heat exchanger (10) is divided into a flue gas inlet II (1001), a flue gas outlet II (1002), a water inlet (1003), a water outlet (1004), a heat exchange pipe II (1005) and a dust removal port (1006), the heat exchange pipe II (1005) is provided with a plurality of pipes for communicating the flue gas inlet II (1001) with the flue gas outlet II (1002) to form a flue gas channel, the water inlet (1003) is communicated with the water outlet (1004) to form a water channel, and the flue gas channel and the water channel are isolated from each other; the high-temperature flue gas passage of the air preheater is communicated with the flue gas passage of the heat exchanger.
5. An organic waste incineration pyrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that the low temperature pyrolysis chamber (13) is divided into zigzag paths by partitions.
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| CN202021355064.0U CN213019642U (en) | 2020-07-11 | 2020-07-11 | Organic waste burns pyrolysis system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115111587A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-27 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment system for waste |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115111587A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-27 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment system for waste |
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