CN212837972U - Radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system and turbine - Google Patents
Radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system and turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN212837972U CN212837972U CN202021311914.7U CN202021311914U CN212837972U CN 212837972 U CN212837972 U CN 212837972U CN 202021311914 U CN202021311914 U CN 202021311914U CN 212837972 U CN212837972 U CN 212837972U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a turbine rotor overspeed control system and a turbine, wherein a rotating speed detection device is used for realizing the real-time measurement of the rotating speed of the turbine; the rotating speed control device receives the real-time rotating speed signal, judges whether to control the rotating speed according to the signal and outputs an execution instruction to the three-way regulating valve; the three-way regulating valve regulates the valve position according to the execution instruction, the inlet gas is guided to the pressure expansion chamber during braking to form control jet gas, and meanwhile, the gas quantity in a turbine runner is reduced, so that the driving force of a rotor is weakened; the diffusion chamber is used for improving jet flow inlet pressure, obtaining specified jet flow parameters and reducing jet flow fluctuation; the jet generator generates jet air for damping. The utility model discloses can effectively overcome conventional adjustment mechanism to multistage, the delay response defect that high-power turbine leads to by the volume effect, can be under the non-stop condition to the timely, effectual control of counter-rotating speed, make the turbine also can be continuous, the safe operation under the condition of deloading by a wide margin, improve the adaptability of turbine to all kinds of operating condition.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a turbine field among the fluid machinery relates to a device that control runoff turbine rotor is overspeed, specifically speaking are runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system, turbine.
Background
In recent years, turbines utilizing gas working medium energy are widely applied, have various structural forms, and provide electric power and power for industrial production and people's life. In order to meet the requirements of users for different loads and adapt to unsteady load fluctuation of a downstream power grid, the flexibility of turbine adjustment needs to be improved. Because the rotating speed is in a dynamic change state in the turbine adjusting process and even exceeds the designed highest rotating speed, a turbine rotor jet flow braking adjusting method is needed to effectively control the rotating speed change of the turbine in the dynamic adjusting process.
At present, the main means for controlling the turbine speed is to adopt an overspeed control system, obtain a turbine speed change signal by using a measuring instrument, amplify the signal through a conversion device, transmit the signal to a turbine inlet position adjusting device, reduce the turbine driving force by methods of cutting off an air source, reducing the fuel quantity, releasing gas in the turbine and the like, and fulfill the purpose of turbine overspeed control. Patents "methods of testing systems for protecting turbines against overspeed at startup" (CN102459822A), and "electrically controlled engine turbocharger overspeed protection systems for plateaus" (CN109882302A) control overspeed mainly by interrupting or reducing the supply of fuel to the turbine combustion chamber; when the method is adopted, when the power, the flow and the equipment volume of the turbine are increased and a multi-stage combined structure type is adopted, the obvious working medium volume delay effect can be generated, the adjustment reaction time is prolonged, the adjustment sensitivity is reduced, and the safe operation of the equipment is not facilitated.
In summary, it is necessary to adopt a novel control means to flexibly adjust the turbine speed under variable working conditions according to the turbine structure and operation characteristics.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For further avoid the problem that the rotor that the turbine leads to when the load changes by a wide margin exceeds speed, the utility model discloses a runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system, turbine. On the basis of a conventional rotating speed adjusting system, the system further improves the sensitivity of the control system to rotating speed change, meets the operation requirement of the turbine for the flexibility and the changeability of downstream loads, promotes the use of the turbine on a novel energy system, and has wide application prospect.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
a radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system at least comprises a rotating speed detection device, a rotating speed control device, a three-way regulating valve, a pressure expanding chamber and a jet generator, and is characterized in that,
the rotating speed detection device and the three-way regulating valve are in communication connection with the rotating speed control device;
the rotating speed detection device is arranged near a rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and used for measuring the rotating speed of the turbine in real time and feeding back the collected rotating speed signal of the turbine to the rotating speed control device in real time;
the gas inlet of the three-way regulating valve is communicated with a high-pressure gas source, the first gas outlet is communicated with the gas inlet end of the turbine in a manner of opening adjustment, and the second gas outlet is selectively communicated with the diffusion chamber;
the jet flow generator is used for generating a jet flow air curtain, an air inlet of the jet flow generator is communicated with the diffusion chamber, a jet flow outlet is communicated with the turbine runner, and the structure and the arrangement mode of the jet flow outlet ensure that jet flow air can damp the turbine blades.
The utility model discloses an among the runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system, rotational speed control device judges whether turbine rotor is overspeed according to turbine speed signal, when turbine rotor is overspeed, rotational speed control device to three-way regulating valve output execution instruction, in order to control three-way regulating valve's valve position makes the aperture of its first gas outlet reduce, reduces the tolerance that gets into the turbine runner to make its second gas outlet with diffusion room intercommunication makes then jet generator produces the jet-stream gas, forms the damping to turbine blade, in order to reduce turbine rotation speed.
The utility model discloses an among the runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system, rotational speed measuring device is used for the rotational speed of real-time measurement turbine to rotational speed control device transmission speed signal guarantees that rotational speed control device acquires the turbine rotational speed in real time. The rotating speed control device is used for receiving the real-time rotating speed signal, judging whether to control the rotating speed according to the signal and outputting an execution instruction to the three-way regulating valve. The three-way regulating valve regulates the valve position according to an execution instruction sent by the rotating speed control device, leads inlet gas to the pressure expansion chamber during braking, improves the gas flow pressure, forms control jet flow gas, simultaneously reduces the gas flow in a turbine runner, and weakens the gas flow driving force for driving the rotor to rotate; the diffusion chamber is used for improving jet flow inlet pressure, obtaining specified jet flow parameters and reducing jet flow fluctuation; the jet flow generator is used for generating jet flow gas, and the jet flow gas can form a damping effect on the blades of the impeller, improve the rotation resistance of the impeller and reduce the rotation speed of the impeller.
The utility model discloses a runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system can effectively overcome conventional adjustment mechanism to multistage, the delay response defect that high-power turbine leads to by the volume effect, can realize the timely effectual control to the rotational speed under the condition of not shutting down, makes the turbine also can be continuous, the safe operation under the condition of deloading by a wide margin, improves the adaptability of turbine to all kinds of operating condition.
The utility model discloses a runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system, its rotor overspeed control principle is: when the rotating speed of the turbine increases and begins to exceed the maximum rotating speed limit, the rotating speed detection device obtains the real-time rotating speed of the turbine and transmits a signal to the rotating speed control system, and the rotating speed control system receives the real-time rotating speed signal, judges that rotating speed control is required according to the signal and outputs an execution instruction to the three-way regulating valve; the three-way regulating valve starts to regulate the valve position according to an execution instruction, the gas flow at the inlet of the turbine is guided to the pressure expansion chamber, the gas pressure in the pressure expansion chamber is improved, the gas in the pressure expansion chamber passes through the jet flow generator to form control jet flow gas with certain flow, speed and angle, the jet flow gas and the turbine blades act to form resistance which hinders the rotation of the impeller and reduce the rotating speed of the impeller, and meanwhile, the valve position regulation of the three-way valve can also reduce the gas flow in the original turbine gas inlet channel and weaken the driving force of a rotor in the turbine; and finally, the rotating speed of the impeller is effectively controlled under the action of the two factors.
Preferably, vanes are arranged upstream of the turbine inlet end.
Preferably, the type of the radial flow turbine is axial flow type, radial type, centrifugal type, diagonal flow type, etc., and the radial flow turbine is a single-stage or multi-stage series structure. The number, the geometric shape, the structural size and the rotating speed of the turbines are determined according to design parameters.
The utility model discloses a runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system forms the turning resistance at the blade through the efflux, reduces impeller rotary driving power, can prevent effectively that the impeller from speeding, improves the sensitivity of turbine to the load change response, guarantees turbine safe operation.
Preferably, the rotating speed detection device is of the type including but not limited to: photoelectric type, magnetoelectric type, hall type, etc., and the specific type is determined according to the operating condition and the site condition.
Preferably, the rotating speed control device can be integrated with a turbine control system or independently arranged; determined from actual turbine design parameters.
Preferably, the flow characteristics of the three-way regulating valve include but are not limited to: quick open, square root, linear, equal percentage, etc.; the driving means include, but are not limited to: the specific structural style of the pneumatic drive, the electric drive, the hydraulic drive and the like is determined according to the adjustment requirement and the field condition.
Preferably, the diffuser structure can be combined with a casing of the turbine or can be a separate container structure; the geometry, volume, pressure grade and other parameters of the pressure expansion chamber are determined according to the regulation requirement and the field condition.
Preferably, the jet generator includes, but is not limited to: a spray pipe type and a guide vane type are used; the jet generator structure can be arranged along the whole circumference of the casing or along a specific arc length part; the parameters of the air flow speed, angle, flow rate and the like generated by the jet generator are determined according to the adjustment requirement and the field condition.
The utility model discloses an among the runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system, the concrete structure, size, the operational parameter of devices such as rotational speed detection device, rotational speed control device, three-way control valve, diffusion chamber, efflux generator are confirmed through whole optimal design, guarantee that the effect is optimal.
Preferably, the working medium gas source of the turbine comprises atmosphere, compressed air, engine tail gas, boiler steam, fuel gas, industrial exhaust flue gas, solar heat collector steam, heat accumulator steam, chemical process gas and the like.
Preferably, the working medium of the turbine is compressed air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, natural gas, ammonia, freon and the like.
According to the utility model discloses an on the other hand still provides a turbine, the turbine includes the utility model discloses an above-mentioned runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an advantage is with beneficial effect:
1. the utility model discloses a runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system, turbine can effectively overcome conventional rotational speed adjustment mechanism to multistage, the delay response defect that high-power turbine leads to by the volume effect, can be under the condition of not shutting down to timely, effectual control of counter-rotating speed, make the turbine add by a wide margin, also can continuous safe operation under the deloading condition, improve the adaptability of turbine to all kinds of operating condition, be applicable to the turbine of different load grades.
2. The utility model discloses a runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system, turbine when increasing impeller pivoted resistance, have still reduced the turbine air input simultaneously, have reduced the rotatory drive power of drive rotor, and the rotational speed control effect is more obvious.
3. The utility model discloses a runoff turbine rotor overspeed control system, turbine can adopt the modularized design, and control structure parameter can realize multiple combination, consequently to turbine structure and operating condition's strong adaptability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of the flow of working medium in a turbine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overspeed control system of the radial flow turbine rotor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the jet gas generators in the system in a flow direction wherein (a) is a single pass arrangement and (b) is a multiple pass arrangement;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the circumferential arrangement of jet gas generators in the system, wherein (a) the full circumference arrangement, (b) the partial arc length arrangement, and (c) the spaced arc length arrangement;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a jet generator structure in the system, wherein, (a) a jet pipe type jet generator and (b) a guide vane type jet generator.
In the figure, an impeller 10, blades 11, a casing 20, a stator blade 30, a rotation speed detection device 40, a rotation speed control device 50, a three-way regulating valve 60, a diffusion chamber 70 and a jet generator 80 are shown.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to perform more detailed description on the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The structure and technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and an embodiment of the present invention is provided.
As shown in fig. 1, the turbine includes an impeller 10 and a casing 20, the impeller 10 is coaxially disposed in the casing 20, the impeller 10 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of radial flow blades 11 along a circumferential direction thereof, and a stationary vane 30 may be further disposed upstream of the impeller 10. The turbine may be axial flow, radial, centrifugal, diagonal, etc., and the arrangement may be a single stage or multi-stage series arrangement, with a single stage radial turbine arrangement being shown in fig. 1. The number, the geometric shape, the structural size and the rotating speed of the turbines are determined according to design parameters. When the working medium airflow flows in the turbine, the working medium airflow firstly flows to the stationary blade 30 and is accelerated in the stationary blade 30, and then enters the impeller 10 to push the impeller to drive the downstream load to rotate and do work according to a certain rotating speed. When the load fluctuates, there is a need to improve the flexibility of turbine regulation. Because the rotating speed is in a dynamic change state in the turbine adjusting process and even exceeds the designed highest rotating speed, a turbine rotor overspeed control system is needed, the rotating speed change of the turbine in the dynamic adjusting process can be effectively controlled, the sensitivity of the control system to the rotating speed change needs to be ensured, and the operating requirement of the turbine for the flexibility and the changeability of downstream loads is met.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to effectively prevent the turbine rotor from overspeed during variable operating conditions, the present invention provides a turbine rotor overspeed control system, which at least comprises a rotation speed detecting device 40, a rotation speed control device 50, a three-way regulating valve 60, a pressure expanding chamber 70 and a jet generator 80. The rotating speed detection device 40 is arranged near a rotating shaft of the turbine, and the rotating speed detection device 40 is used for measuring the rotating speed of the turbine in real time and transmitting a rotating speed signal to the rotating speed control device 50 to ensure that the rotating speed control device 50 obtains the rotating speed of the turbine in real time. The rotating speed control device 50 is used for receiving the real-time rotating speed signal, judging whether to control the rotating speed according to the signal and outputting an execution instruction to the three-way regulating valve 60; the air inlet of the three-way regulating valve 60 is communicated with a high-pressure air source, the first air outlet is communicated with the air inlet end of the stationary blade 30, the second air outlet is communicated with the pressure expansion chamber 70, the three-way regulating valve 60 regulates the valve position according to an execution instruction sent by the rotating speed control device 50, inlet air is guided to the pressure expansion chamber 70 during braking, the air flow pressure is increased, control jet air is formed, meanwhile, the air flow in the original turbine runner is reduced, and the air flow driving force for driving the rotor to rotate is weakened; the pressure expansion chamber 70 is used for improving jet flow inlet pressure, obtaining specified jet flow parameters and reducing jet flow fluctuation; the jet generator 80 is used for generating a jet air curtain, and the jet air can form a damping effect on the impeller blades, improve the rotation resistance of the impeller and reduce the rotation speed of the impeller.
The utility model discloses a turbine rotor overspeed control system can effectively overcome conventional adjustment mechanism to multistage, the delay response defect that high-power turbine leads to by the volume effect, can realize the timely effectual control to the rotational speed under the condition of not shutting down, makes the turbine also can be continuous, the safe operation under the condition of deloading by a wide margin, improves the adaptability of turbine to all kinds of operating condition.
To further enhance the effect of impeller overspeed control, jet generator 80 may be arranged in the flow direction in a variety of ways, including but not limited to: single channel arrangements, multiple channel arrangements, etc. The specific arrangement scheme can be determined according to the actual operation condition and the structural characteristics of the turbine.
To further improve the effectiveness of the impeller overspeed control while reducing tooling costs and design difficulties, the placement of the jet generators 80 in the circumferential direction, as shown in fig. 4, can be accomplished in a variety of ways, including but not limited to: a full-circle arrangement scheme, a partial arc length arrangement scheme, an interval arc length arrangement scheme, and the like. The specific arrangement scheme can be determined according to the actual operation condition and the structural characteristics of the turbine.
As shown in fig. 5, to further improve the overspeed control effect of the impeller, and considering the structure and processing difficulty, the jet generator 80 can adopt a variety of structural manners, including but not limited to: guide vane type, spray pipe type, etc. The specific arrangement scheme can be determined according to the actual operation condition and the structural characteristics of the turbine.
The utility model discloses a turbine rotor overspeed control system, its rotor overspeed control principle does: when the rotating speed of the turbine increases and begins to exceed the maximum rotating speed limit, the rotating speed detection device 40 obtains the real-time rotating speed of the turbine and transmits the signal to the rotating speed control device 50, and the rotating speed control device 50 receives the real-time rotating speed signal, judges that rotating speed control needs to be carried out according to the signal and outputs an execution instruction to the three-way regulating valve 60; the three-way regulating valve 60 starts to regulate the valve position according to an execution instruction, the turbine inlet airflow is guided to the pressure expansion chamber 70, the gas pressure in the pressure expansion chamber 70 is increased, the gas in the pressure expansion chamber 70 passes through the jet generator 80 to form control jet flow air with certain flow, speed and angle, the control jet flow air and the turbine blades act to form resistance for blocking the rotation of the impeller and reduce the rotating speed of the impeller, and meanwhile, the valve position regulation of the three-way regulating valve 60 can also reduce the gas flow in the original turbine inlet channel and reduce the rotor driving force in the turbine; and finally, the rotating speed of the impeller is effectively controlled under the action of the two factors.
Through the above-mentioned embodiment, the purpose of the utility model is realized completely effectively. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention includes, but is not limited to, what is described in the accompanying drawings and the foregoing detailed description. While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications, which are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system at least comprises a rotating speed detection device, a rotating speed control device, a three-way regulating valve, a pressure expanding chamber and a jet generator, and is characterized in that,
the rotating speed detection device and the three-way regulating valve are in communication connection with the rotating speed control device;
the rotating speed detection device is arranged near a rotating shaft of the turbine rotor and used for measuring the rotating speed of the turbine in real time and feeding back the collected rotating speed signal of the turbine to the rotating speed control device in real time;
the gas inlet of the three-way regulating valve is communicated with a high-pressure gas source, the first gas outlet is communicated with the gas inlet end of the turbine in a manner of opening adjustment, and the second gas outlet is selectively communicated with the diffusion chamber;
the jet flow generator is used for generating a jet flow air curtain, an air inlet of the jet flow generator is communicated with the diffusion chamber, a jet flow outlet is communicated with the turbine runner, and the structure and the arrangement mode of the jet flow outlet ensure that the jet flow air curtain can damp the turbine blade.
2. The radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system of claim 1, wherein vanes are arranged upstream of said turbine air intake end.
3. A radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said radial flow turbine is of axial, radial, centrifugal or diagonal flow type, said radial flow turbine being single stage or multistage.
4. A radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said speed sensing means is of the photoelectric, magneto-electric or hall type.
5. The radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system of claim 1, wherein said three-way regulating valve is driven by pneumatic, electric or hydraulic drive.
6. A radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said plenum is integrated with a turbine case or is of a stand alone vessel construction.
7. A radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system of claim 1, wherein said jet generator is of the nozzle or vane type; the jet generators are arranged along the entire circumference of the casing.
8. A turbine comprising a radial flow turbine rotor overspeed control system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114753891A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-15 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | Ultrahigh-speed turbine load self-adaptive speed stabilization control system and method |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114753891A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-15 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | Ultrahigh-speed turbine load self-adaptive speed stabilization control system and method |
CN114753891B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2024-02-09 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | Self-adaptive speed stabilizing control system and method for load of ultra-high speed turbine |
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