CN212426951U - Improved coast sand prevention system - Google Patents
Improved coast sand prevention system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212426951U CN212426951U CN202020942085.6U CN202020942085U CN212426951U CN 212426951 U CN212426951 U CN 212426951U CN 202020942085 U CN202020942085 U CN 202020942085U CN 212426951 U CN212426951 U CN 212426951U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The application discloses an improved coast sand prevention system, which comprises a wave prevention and sand blocking belt, a wave dissipation buffer belt, an anti-corrosion sand fixation belt, a net covering and slope protection belt and a sand fixation and sand conveying belt which are sequentially distributed in the direction far away from the sea surface; one or more groups of curved sand bag sand barriers extending along the direction of a coastline are distributed in the corrosion-resistant sand fixation belt, and the sand bag sand barriers are formed by connecting a plurality of sand bags; the net-covered slope protection belt comprises a first net covering laid on a side slope; the sand fixing and conveying belt comprises a second covering net paved on the road and honeycomb sand fixing barriers distributed on two sides of the road. The coast sand prevention system has a structure of integrating five zones, can achieve good sand prevention and control effects, can reduce various problems caused by wind erosion of a plurality of facilities in the system, obviously prolongs the service life of the system, and further enables the system to be long-term and stable.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a method for treating coastal wind and sand flow, in particular to an improved coastal sand prevention system, belonging to the technical field of engineering.
Background
Coastal wind sand directly threatens economic construction and production and life of people in coastal areas, and mainly shows that wind sand silts up to bury ports, influences production of coastal salt industry and breeding industry, causes farmland desertification and the like. At present, various treatment measures are taken by many countries aiming at the wind and sand hazard of the coast. For example, the coastal sandy remediation strategies proposed in australia include: constructing a front dune, fixing a sand dune, and establishing artificial vegetation of the sand dune. The treatment method proposed in the U.S. is as follows: the sand dune is fixed by adopting the combination of a sand blocking grid, a temporary sand fixing plant and a permanent sand fixing plant. Measures such as turf covering, shrub branch covering, beach sand plant planting and the like are adopted in great britain to effectively prevent and control wind erosion of coastal sand surfaces. The method adopts a net covering method, a vertical sand barrier buried, a sand prevention grid, a grass grid sand barrier pricked and the like in Japan to stabilize sand dunes near a coastline. These solutions, while all capable of slowing down coastal sand storm hazards to some extent, have limited effectiveness.
The applicant has proposed a wave-proof sand-fixation treatment measure, which mainly adopts a wave-proof sand-blocking dike, a sand-blocking fence, a honeycomb sand-fixation barrier, a chemical sand-fixation agent, a covering net and the like to construct a comprehensive protection system integrating wave prevention, sand blocking, sand fixation and sand transportation, so as to reduce the harm of wind and sand flow. However, the improvement of the treatment method has been still desired because it has been found that a part of facilities is susceptible to wind erosion and the like after long-term use.
Disclosure of Invention
It is a primary object of the present application to provide an improved coastal sand control system to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts a technical solution comprising:
the embodiment of the application provides an improved coastal sand prevention system, which comprises a wave prevention and sand blocking belt, a wave dissipation buffer belt, an anti-corrosion sand fixation belt, a net covering and slope protecting belt and a sand fixation and sand conveying belt which are sequentially distributed in the direction far away from the sea surface;
the wave-preventing and sand-blocking belt comprises a dam structure extending along the direction of a coastline, the length of the dam structure is greater than or equal to the length of a protected object in the direction of the coastline, and a plurality of water-permeable holes are distributed in the lower part of the dam structure;
one or more groups of curve sand bag sand barriers extending along the direction of a coastline are distributed in the corrosion-resistant sand fixation belt, and the sand bag sand barriers are formed by connecting a plurality of sand bags;
the net-covered slope protection belt comprises a first net covering which is laid on the side slope, and the first net covering is fixed on the side slope through an anchor rod;
the sand fixing and conveying belt comprises a second covering net paved on the road and honeycomb sand fixing barriers distributed on two sides of the road.
Further, the dam structure is formed by continuously splicing a plurality of concrete blocks.
Furthermore, a bermuda grass is planted in the wave dissipation buffer zone.
Preferably, the planting area of the bermuda grass is within the range of 1 meter above the high-tide level line to 5 meters below the high-tide level line.
Furthermore, the sandbag comprises a sandbag body and a fin arranged at the upper end of the sandbag body, the diameter of the sandbag body is 10 cm-25 cm, and the height of the fin is 5 cm-20 cm.
Preferably, the curved sand bag and sand barrier is in a sawtooth shape as a whole.
Further, the air permeability of the first covering net is 40-50%.
Further, the second covering net has air permeability of 40-50%.
The honeycomb sand-fixing barrier has the air permeability of 30-40%.
Compared with the prior art, the application provides a coastal sand prevention system which mainly comprises a wave-proof sand blocking belt, a wave dissipation buffer belt, an anti-corrosion sand fixing belt, a net covering slope protection belt and a sand fixing and conveying belt and is integrated with five belts, wherein the facility structure and the arrangement form in each belt are uniquely designed, and the five belts are integrated to cooperate, so that the good sand prevention and control effect can be achieved, various problems caused by wind erosion of a plurality of facilities in the system can be reduced, the service life of the coastal sand prevention system is obviously prolonged, and the system can be long-term and stable in uniformity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a coastal sand control system according to example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sandbag in example 1 of the present application;
fig. 3 is a side view of a coastal sand control system according to embodiment 1 of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a wave-proof sand blocking belt 1, a wave-eliminating buffer belt 2, an anti-corrosion sand-fixing belt 3, a net-covering slope protection belt 4, a sand-fixing sand conveying belt 5, a wave-resisting and water-erosion-preventing plant 6, a curved sand bag sand barrier 7, a first covering net 8, a second covering net 9, a honeycomb sand-fixing barrier 10, a sand bag 70, a sand bag body 71, fins 72, a lowest tide level line A and a highest tide level line B.
Detailed Description
In view of the defects of the prior art, the inventor of the present invention has made extensive research and practice to provide a technical solution of the present application, which mainly relates to a 'five-belt integrated' coast sand prevention system, comprising a wave prevention and sand retention belt, a wave dissipation and buffering belt, an anti-corrosion sand fixation belt, a net-covering and slope protection belt and a sand fixation and sand transportation belt which are sequentially distributed along the direction far away from the sea surface. The wave-proof sand blocking belt comprises a dam structure extending along the direction of a coastline, one or more groups of curved sand bag sand barriers extending along the direction of the coastline are distributed in the corrosion-resistant sand fixing belt, the net covering slope protecting belt comprises a first covering net paved on a side slope, and the sand fixing and conveying belt comprises a second covering net paved on a road and honeycomb type sand barriers distributed on two sides of the road. The coast sand prevention system adopts a design of 'five-belt integrated type', can effectively prevent and treat coast sand wind hazard, and has long service life and stable performance.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of these preferred embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present application shown in the drawings and described in accordance with the drawings are exemplary only, and the present application is not limited to these embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps that are closely related to the scheme according to the present application are shown in the drawings, and other details that are not so relevant to the present application are omitted.
Referring to fig. 1, the coastal sand prevention system provided by this embodiment includes a wave-preventing and sand-blocking belt 1, a wave-breaking buffer belt 2, an anti-corrosion and sand-fixing belt 3, a net-covering and slope-protecting belt 4, and a sand-fixing and sand-transporting belt 5, which are sequentially distributed in a direction away from the sea surface.
Wherein, wave-preventing and sand-blocking belt includes the dykes and dams structure that extends along the shoreline trend, dykes and dams structure is formed by the concatenation of a plurality of concrete pieces, the length of dykes and dams structure is more than or equal to the length that the protection object was on the shoreline trend, and the dykes and dams structure under the distribution have a plurality of holes of permeating water.
Further, the wave-proof sand-blocking belt can be formed by splicing a plurality of movable concrete blocks through a boss/groove structure. The concrete block can be wedge-shaped, the bottom width is about 1.5m, the height is about 1.0m, the height of the dike is about 1.5m, the top width is about 50cm, and the bottom length is about 1.8 m. The number of the water permeable holes at the bottom can be 1 or more, and the diameter of the water permeable holes is about 20 cm.
Furthermore, the position of the base reference line of the embankment of the wave and sand blocking belt can be selected to be 1.0m from the average sea level, namely the elevation of the embankment is 1.0 m.
Further, the width of the basic bottom guard of the wave-proof sand-blocking belt can be about 8-10 m. The width of the bottom protection in front of the dike is 5.0m, the width of the bottom protection in back of the dike is 3.0m, and a layer of stone blocks with the thickness of 30cm and the weight of 60-100kg is paved on the bottom protection. Furthermore, a layer of permeable geotextile can be laid under the two pieces of stones of the foundation bed and the bottom protection to prevent sand loss under the foundation bed and the bottom protection.
Furthermore, the wave-proof sand-blocking belt comprises the permeable holes and is matched with the installation seams among the embankment body, the foundation bed and the embankment body blocks, so that a permeable structure design can be formed, the tidal water can enter and exit the wave-proof sand-blocking belt, and the sediment carried by the waves is prevented from accumulating in the wave-proof sand-blocking belt.
Wherein, the wave dissipation buffer zone can be blank, namely, the additional facilities are not considered. Preferably, wave-resistant and water-erosion-resistant plants 6, such as bermuda grass with strong creeping property, can be planted in the wave-dissipating buffer zone to further improve the wave-dissipating and water-erosion-resistant capability of the coastal sand-prevention system.
Further, the implant area of bermuda grass may be in the range of 1 meter above the high tide line to 5 meters below the high tide line. In the growth stage of the bermuda grass, the plant grows towards the coast, and finally, the plant stably settles at the high tide line and a position which is several meters above the high tide line.
Particularly, one or more plant zones formed by a plurality of bermuda grass are planted in the wave dissipation buffer zone, and the bermuda grass has the advantages of creeping rhizomes and salt and alkali resistance, so that the effect of fixing and stabilizing the sand flowing on the surface near the tide line and the surface near the tide line can be achieved.
One or more groups of curve sand bag sand barriers 7 extending along the direction of a coastline are distributed in the corrosion-resistant sand fixation belt, and the sand bag sand barriers are formed by connecting a plurality of sand bags.
Furthermore, in a group of curve-shaped sand-bag sand barriers, a plurality of sand bags are spliced in a W or Z-shaped mode, and finally the curve-shaped sand-bag sand barriers are integrally saw-toothed. Compared with the longitude and latitude type layout of the existing sand barrier for the sand bags, the setting mode can greatly reduce the windward side of each sand bag, so that the wind erosion resistance of each sand bag is obviously improved.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the sandbag 70 includes a sandbag body 71 and a fin 72 disposed at an upper end of the sandbag body, a diameter of the sandbag may be 10-25 cm, and a height of the fin may be 5-20 cm. For example, the sandbag body may have a diameter of 20cm and the fin may have a height of 5 cm. By arranging the fins, wind energy is reduced by utilizing the swinging of the fins along with wind, and the wind blocking capability of the sand barrier of the sand bag can be further improved.
The net-covering slope protection belt comprises a first net covering 8 laid on the side slope, and the first net covering is fixed on the side slope through an anchor rod. Preferably, the first covering net has a ventilation degree of 40-50%.
The sand fixing and conveying belt comprises a second covering net 9 laid on the road and honeycomb type sand fixing barriers 10 distributed on two sides of the road.
Preferably, the second covering net has a ventilation degree of 40-50%.
For example, the first and second cover webs may have a porosity of about 55% and a pore size of about 1.5 × 1.5 mm. During construction, the corresponding protection surface is leveled, then the covering material is paved on the protection surface, and grid points of each square meter are used as T-shaped nails of the anchor rod for fixation. The T-shaped nail can be made of bamboo, for example, the cross section of a bamboo pole can be split into four parts along a cross shape of a cross, each part is cut into a T-shaped nail, and the T-shaped nail can be stably covered with a net after being driven into the ground.
Preferably, the honeycomb sand-fixing barrier has a void degree of 40-50%. For example, the porosity of the honeycomb sand-fixing barrier can be 35%, the height can be 20cm, piles can be driven according to 1 × 1m grid points according to the condition of a protection area during construction, and then the sand-fixing net is wound and fixed on the piles, so that the bottom of the sand-fixing net is tightly attached to a sand surface.
In the sand fixing and transporting belt, the second covering net and the honeycomb sand fixing barrier are arranged, so that on-site sand lifting can be prevented, and the cross-border sand flow can be transported.
Further, in this embodiment, the distance L between the wave-proof sand-blocking belt and the lowest tide line1Width L of wave-eliminating buffer zone 22The data L between the lowest tide level line and the highest tide level line3(i.e., width of intertidal zone), width L of the erosion-resistant sand fixing belt 34And the width L of the net-covered slope protection belt 45And the width L of the sand fixing and conveying belt 56The relationship between them is suitably controlled so as to satisfy the following conditions, namely: l is1：L2：L3：L4：L5：L6＝6：16：22：9：2：6。
Further, in this embodiment, the distance L between the second covering net 9 and the honeycomb sand-fixing barriers 10 distributed on both sides thereof7May be set to about 50 m.
In this embodiment, through setting up prevent that the wave blocks the sand area, can effectively block the sea and come the sand, avoid the sea sand to pile up at wave prevention sand area the place ahead and rear to help enlarging the wetland area of preventing the wave and blocking the sand area rear, thereby it is stable to do benefit to the beach.
In the embodiment, the bermuda grass plant belt is planted in the wave dissipation buffer belt, and by utilizing the characteristics that the bermuda grass plant belt can survive in seawater for a long time and grow rapidly, the bermuda grass plant belt can quickly cover the ground surface to fix quicksand and prevent the scouring of sea waves, so that the quicksand on the ground surface near the tide level line and the near-ground surface can be well fixed and stabilized.
In this embodiment, by arranging the zigzag sandbag sand barrier on the erosion-resistant sand-fixing belt, on one hand, wind energy can be reduced by the characteristic that the fins on the sandbag swing along with the wind, so that the wind speed and the sand transportation rate of the earth surface are reduced, on the other hand, the service life of the sand barrier is greatly prolonged, and the service performance of the sand barrier is maintained for a long time.
In this embodiment, through cover net slope protection area and fix sand and lose sand area and cover the net, can show the reduction earth's surface and lose sand rate, the protective effect is obvious.
In a word, the embodiment of the application uniquely designs the structure and arrangement form of facilities in the wave-preventing and sand-blocking belt, the wave-eliminating buffer belt, the corrosion-resisting and sand-fixing belt, the net-covering slope-protecting belt and the sand-fixing and sand-transporting belt, and makes the five belts cooperate to form the 'five-belt-integrated' coast sand-preventing system, so that not only can a good sand-preventing and sand-controlling effect be achieved, but also various problems caused by wind erosion of a plurality of facilities in the system can be reduced, the service life of the system is obviously prolonged, and the system can be further stable and uniform for a long time.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present application, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present application and implement the present application, and not to limit the scope of the present application. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An improved coast sand prevention system is characterized by comprising a wave-preventing and sand-blocking belt, a wave-eliminating buffer belt, an anti-corrosion sand-fixing belt, a net-covering and slope-protecting belt and a sand-fixing and sand-conveying belt which are sequentially distributed along the direction far away from the sea surface;
the wave-preventing and sand-blocking belt comprises a dam structure extending along the direction of a coastline, the length of the dam structure is greater than or equal to the length of a protected object in the direction of the coastline, and a plurality of water-permeable holes are distributed in the lower part of the dam structure;
one or more groups of curve sand bag sand barriers extending along the direction of a coastline are distributed in the corrosion-resistant sand fixation belt, and the sand bag sand barriers are formed by connecting a plurality of sand bags;
the net-covered slope protection belt comprises a first net covering which is laid on the side slope, and the first net covering is fixed on the side slope through an anchor rod;
the sand fixing and conveying belt comprises a second covering net paved on the road and honeycomb sand fixing barriers distributed on two sides of the road.
2. The improved coastal sand control system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the dam structure is formed by continuously splicing a plurality of movable concrete blocks.
3. The improved coastal sand control system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the wave-dissipating buffer belt is internally planted with bermuda grass.
4. The improved coastal sand control system as set forth in claim 3, wherein: at least one plant belt consisting of a plurality of bermudagrass is distributed in the wave-breaking buffer belt.
5. The improved coastal sand control system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the planting area of the bermuda grass is within the range of 1 meter above the high-tide level line to 5 meters below the high-tide level line.
6. The improved coastal sand control system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the sandbag comprises a sandbag body and a fin arranged at the upper end of the sandbag body, the diameter of the sandbag body is 10 cm-25 cm, and the height of the fin is 5 cm-20 cm.
7. The improved coastal sand control system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the whole curved sandbag sand barrier is in a sawtooth shape.
8. The improved coastal sand control system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the air permeability of the first covering net is 40-50%.
9. The improved coastal sand control system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the second covering net has air permeability of 40-50%.
10. The improved coastal sand control system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the porosity of the honeycomb sand-fixing barrier is 30-40%.
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| CN202020942085.6U CN212426951U (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Improved coast sand prevention system |
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| CN202020942085.6U CN212426951U (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Improved coast sand prevention system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114622526A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-14 | 华北水利水电大学 | Flexible sand blocking embankment |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114622526A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-14 | 华北水利水电大学 | Flexible sand blocking embankment |
| CN114622526B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-09-22 | 华北水利水电大学 | Flexible sand blocking dike |
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