CN212413864U - Opposite-row shovel cutting and belt clamp combined type close planting cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cut, take clamp combination formula close planting cotton stalk to line shovel and pull out strip machine of spreading belongs to agricultural machine technical field. The cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine comprises a rack, and a pushing and gathering device, a shoveling and cutting device, a stalk guiding device, a belt clamping type pulling and conveying device and a walking transmission device which are sequentially arranged on the rack from front to back. The utility model discloses cotton stalk based on close planting agronomy designs, shovel the deckboard operation of planting to close planting cotton stalk, can be effectively to going and can shovel the whole trunk cotton stalk from the root and cut, and support the cotton stalk direction after cutting the shovel, then pull up the cotton stalk and pull out the transport, thereby reach the purpose of cotton stalk deckboard, shovel cuts the arrangement mode of two rows of spillers around the part takes, soil is gone into in succession in the course of the work, can effectively avoid cotton stalk to block up, the detachable design is taken to the knife rest mount, adjust knife rest distance according to actual cotton stalk interval, it is low to have the operation consumption, cotton stalk shovel rate of cutting is low, shovel pulls out efficiently, machine suitability advantage such as extensive.

Description

Opposite-row shovel cutting and belt clamp combined type close planting cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a cut, take clamp combination formula close planting cotton stalk to line shovel and pull out strip machine of spreading belongs to agricultural machine technical field.

Background

China is a main cotton production area in the world and can produce a large amount of cotton products every year. In 2019, the cotton sowing area in China is 5008.8 ten thousand mu, and the total cotton yield in China is 588.9 ten thousand tons. Cotton is one of the main economic crops in China, and cotton stalks left in the field after cotton harvesting are an important renewable biomass energy source. The cotton stalk can be used as feed for ruminant, and can also be used for making paper, making plate, culturing edible fungi, environment-friendly material, chemical product, stalk charcoal, building material, etc. The method has the advantages of fully utilizing cotton straw resources, improving the comprehensive utilization effect of the cotton straws, and having good development prospect and economic benefit. At present, although cotton stalk pulling machines of several styles appear, cotton stalks are still widely pulled and harvested manually in China due to the influence of factors such as machine cost, pulling performance and the like, the harvesting rate is extremely low, and the comprehensive utilization of the cotton stalks is severely limited. Mechanized cotton stalk pulling and strip laying is a key technical link of the whole process of cotton production mechanization. The new agricultural technology for mechanically picking cotton and planting at present is characterized in that the row spacing is configured to be ultra-narrow, and a (660+100) mm wide-narrow row close planting mode which is successful in tests is widely adopted in Xinjiang area on the premise of not reducing the yield of cotton.

Disclosure of Invention

To the technical problem, the utility model aims at providing a cut the line shovel, take the clamp combination formula thick planting cotton stalk to pull out the strip paving machine, realize pressing the stalk, the shovel is cut, the direction, throw to the cotton stalk in field that adopts the machine to adopt cotton planting agricultural technology and pull out, carry and the strip paving operation, the operation degree of depth is adjustable, is difficult to take place to block up, the cotton stalk pick up the net rate higher, the operation consumption is less, the energy saving realizes sustainable development.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a row-aligning shovel-cutting and belt-clamping combined densely planted cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine comprises a rack 3, and a pushing and gathering device 7, a shovel-cutting device 6, a stalk guiding device 5, a belt-clamping pulling and conveying device 4 and a walking transmission device 1 which are sequentially arranged on the rack 3 from front to back.

The frame 3 comprises two side plates 13 and a rear cross beam 14 fixedly connected between the front parts of the two side plates 13.

The pushing and gathering device 7 comprises a rolling pinch roller shaft 19, a rolling pinch roller 9 and a pinch roller bracket 20; the lower ends of the two pinch roller supports 20 are respectively connected with the two ends of the rolling pinch roller shaft 19 through bearings, the upper ends of the two pinch roller supports 20 are respectively provided with a plurality of pin holes with different horizontal heights, and the two pinch roller supports are respectively matched with the different pin holes through bolts and are fixedly connected with the front parts of the left side plate 13 and the right side plate 13 of the rack 3 in a level-adjustable manner.

The rolling pinch rollers 9 are provided with a conical surface, the conical surfaces of the rolling pinch rollers 9 are alternately and fixedly connected to a rolling pinch roller shaft 19 towards the inside and the outside, and the rolling pinch roller shaft 19 is coaxial with the axis of the rolling pinch rollers 9; wherein, the conical surfaces of the two rolling pinch rollers 9 positioned at the two ends of the rolling pinch roller shaft 19 face inwards; two adjacent rolling pinch rollers 9 with conical surfaces facing to the opposite directions are fixedly connected with each other; a certain distance is arranged between the two adjacent rolling pinch rollers 9 with the conical surfaces facing to each other to form a cotton stalk pushing and gathering groove.

A plurality of groups of shoveling and cutting mechanisms positioned between the cotton stalk pushing and gathering grooves are arranged on the rear cross beam 14, and each group of shoveling and cutting mechanisms comprises two shoveling and cutting devices 6 which are staggered front and back and are arranged on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the rear cross beam 14 at a certain interval respectively; the shoveling and cutting device 6 comprises a knife rest 10, a shovel knife 11 and a fixing frame 21; the upper part of the knife rest 10 is fixedly connected to the rear cross beam 14 through a fixing frame 21 in a cutting depth-adjustable manner, and the scraper knife 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the knife rest 10.

The guide rod device 5, the belt clamp type pulling and conveying device 4 and the walking transmission device 1 are fixedly connected to the rear parts of the two side plates 13 through the fixed support 12; the stalk guiding device 5 comprises a plurality of stalk guiding monomers which are in one-to-one correspondence with the cotton stalk pushing and gathering grooves and are fixedly connected to the front end of the fixed support 12, and each stalk guiding monomer comprises two stalk guiding parts which are symmetrical left and right and form a stalk guiding gap A with a wide front part and a narrow back part.

The belt clamp type pulling and conveying device 4 comprises a plurality of pulling and conveying single bodies which are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide stalk single bodies of the guide stalk device 5, each pulling and conveying single body comprises two pulling and conveying parts which are bilaterally symmetrical and form a pulling and conveying gap B, and each pulling and conveying part comprises a bottom plate 2 and a belt wheel mechanism 42.

The bottom plate 2 is obliquely and fixedly connected with the middle part of the fixed bracket 12 in a way that the front part is low and the back part is high; the belt wheel mechanism 42 comprises a pair of belt wheels 25 arranged in front and back and a pull-up conveying belt 24 sleeved on the two belt wheels 25; the belt pulleys 25 of the two pulling conveying parts of each pulling conveying unit rotate in opposite directions, so that the cotton stalks are conveyed from front to back in the pulling conveying gap B under the clamping action of the two pulling conveying belts 24.

The walking transmission device 1 comprises a land wheel shaft 36, a land wheel 38, a transmission bevel gear box 37 and a transmission shaft 35.

Two ends of the ground wheel shaft 36 are arranged at the rear end of the fixed bracket 12 through bearings; a plurality of land wheels 38 are fixedly connected to the land wheel shaft 36 at equal intervals; a plurality of transmission shafts 35 corresponding to the belt pulleys 25 at the rear part of the pulling and conveying unit of the belt clamp type pulling and conveying device 4 are connected with a ground wheel shaft 36 through a transmission bevel gear box 37; each transmission shaft 35 is connected to the rotation shaft of the corresponding pulley 25 through a pedestal bearing 34.

The spacing between two adjacent rolling rollers 9 with conical surfaces facing opposite one another is greater than the narrow row spacing.

The taper of the rolling pinch roller 9 is 3: 1.

The cutting edge of the scraper knife 11 is bent forwards and laterally, an included angle between a connecting line of the cutting edge of the scraper knife 11 and a width middle point of the scraper knife 11 and the advancing direction of the machine is an earth penetration angle alpha, the earth penetration angle alpha is 40-50 degrees, an included angle between a connecting line of the cutting edge of the scraper knife 11 and a thickness middle point of the scraper knife 11 and the vertical axis direction is a lateral bending angle beta, and the lateral bending angle beta is 30 degrees; the cutting edge sides of the cutting blades 11 of the two cutting devices 6 in the same group are oppositely arranged in a bending direction.

The left and right stalk guide parts of the stalk guide monomer respectively comprise a stalk guide baffle plate 22 and a stalk guide 23, and the stalk guide 23 and the stalk guide baffle plate 22 are in isosceles triangles; the bottom edge of the stalk guide device 23 is fixedly connected to the front end of the fixed support 12, and the stalk guide device 23 is parallel to the horizontal plane; one waist of the stalk guide baffle 22 is fixedly connected to one waist of the stalk guide 23 opposite to the other stalk guide 23 in the stalk guide monomer, and the stalk guide baffle 22 is parallel to a vertical plane.

The outer surface of the pulling conveying belt 24 is provided with wear-resistant rubber particles.

The inclination angle gamma of the bottom plate 2 and the horizontal plane is 25-45 degrees.

Each of the pull-up conveying portions of each of the pull-up conveying elements of the band clamp type pull-up conveying device 4 is further provided with a tensioning mechanism 41 for tensioning the pull-up conveying belt 24.

The tensioning mechanism 41 includes a fixed plate 26, a tensioning plate 39, a spring 27, a spring shaft 28, a tensioning barrel 29, and a spring restraining barrel 30.

The fixed plate 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 2 along the conveying direction of the lifting and conveying belt 24, and the tensioning plate 39 is arranged on one side close to the lifting and conveying gap in parallel with the fixed plate 26; a pair of spring shafts 28 and a plurality of spring restraining cylinders 30 are disposed between the fixed plate 26 and the tension plate 39, wherein the two spring shafts 28 are located at the front and rear of the fixed plate 26 and the tension plate 39, respectively. One end of the spring shaft 28 is fixedly connected with the tensioning plate 39, and the other end penetrates through the fixing plate 26; the thick end of the spring limiting cylinder 30 is fixedly connected with the fixing plate 26, and the thin end passes through the tensioning plate 39. The spring 27 is sleeved on the spring shaft 28 and is positioned between the fixed plate 26 and the tensioning plate 39; a plurality of tension cylinders 29 are vertically rotatably provided on the tension plate 39 by screws, and are each in contact with the inner surface of the pull-up conveyor belt 24.

The corner of the tension plate 39 that contacts the pull-up conveyor belt 24 is chamfered.

The rotating shaft of the belt pulley 25 at the rear of at least one pull-up conveying part of each pull-up conveying unit of the belt-clamping pull-up conveying device 4 is provided with a stalk discharge turbine 40.

The stalk discharge turbine 40 comprises a stalk-shifting rotating shaft 32 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the belt pulley 25 at the rear and a plurality of stalk-shifting rods 31 uniformly fixedly connected to the stalk-shifting rotating shaft 32, wherein the stalk-shifting rods 31 are long bent rods with a certain radian.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

1. the machine carries out row shoveling, pulling and conveying operation on the whole cotton stalks, has low power consumption and is not easy to block, and has the functions of separating soil and improving the picking rate of the cotton stalks.

2. The utility model discloses the design of the rolling pinch roller among the leading cotton stalk pushing equipment is conical, and per two are a set of, and most advanced is relative, and this kind of design makes rolling pinch roller periphery have great space, and the inner circle space is less, and this kind of design that has the slope is convenient for make cotton stalk get into the rolling pinch roller space, accomplishes the operation task that the cotton stalk gathers together, lies prostrate, and this kind of mode of setting has effectively avoided the operation of duck formula of filling of feeding formula and straight roller type pushing equipment. The rolling pinch roller pushes and presses the cotton stalks at a certain height away from the ground to enable the cotton stalks to lie on the ground, and meanwhile, the cotton stalks on the sides are compressed to a certain degree. The gathered and laid cotton stalks are favorable for the cotton stalks to pass through the shoveling and cutting device and facilitate the follow-up operation of the cotton stalks, then the shoveling knife carries out soil cutting operation near the root stubbles of the cotton stalks, the pulling resistance of the follow-up pulling and conveying device is reduced, the shoveling and cutting depth of the shoveling and cutting device is adjustable, the cotton stalks and the root stubbles are shoveled and cut in a certain angle, the cotton stalks and the root stubbles are lifted and guided to the surface layer of soil, then the cotton stalks are supported by the stalk guide device, the cotton stalks are assisted to enter the belt clearance of the pulling and conveying device, the cotton stalks are pulled and conveyed to the rear part of the machine body under the action of the clamping force and the conveying force of the belt, and finally the stalk discharge turbine discharges the cotton stalks in. Along with the advance of the machine, the cotton stalks are separated from the machine body and laid in the field. The utility model discloses an operation method is compact orderly, and a plurality of processes can be accomplished in one-time operation, realize the whole stalk of cotton stalk and pave the strip.

3. The utility model discloses in the belt clearance that bulldozes and gather together device, shovel and cut device operation height and take the clamp formula to rise to pull out among the conveyor that relates to is adjustable, can adjust according to the actual work condition, guarantee the cotton stalk shovel, pull out, the validity of conveying, reduce the operation consumption.

4. The utility model provides a core component of shovel cutting device is shovel sword knife rest tandem arrangement, and the during operation shovel sword is gone into soil in succession, can avoid the jam of cotton stalk on the knife rest well. The working height of the knife rest can be adjusted, and the two scraper knives are just opposite to the two lines of cotton stalks with narrow row spacing, so that the scraping resistance is reduced, and the scraping efficiency is improved.

5. The utility model provides a fixed detachable mode that also adopts of shovel cutting knife rest, the distance between every knife rest can be adjusted for the machine not only is applicable to the close planting wide narrow row cotton field of Xinjiang, can be applicable to the cotton stalk of other planting modes more extensively moreover according to actual need and pull out the swath.

6. The utility model provides a lead stalk ware and lead stalk ware baffle and all design into triangular appearance, make it appear before narrow conveying clearance after wide, its principle is similar with the rolling pinch roller, and narrow design can make cotton stalk better be led and send the belt clip formula to play and pull out conveyor after wide.

7. The tensioning plate of the utility model is provided with the round angle, so that the cotton stalk can smoothly enter the belt gap, and the belt can be prevented from rubbing against a sharp object, thereby reducing the friction force and prolonging the service life of the belt; the tensioning plate is provided with a spring, and the appropriate gap between the belts can be adjusted according to the difference of the diameter and the number of the cotton stalks which are poured in.

8. The utility model provides a tensioning plate and belt contact one side, the cover has a tensioning section of thick bamboo on the screw, turns into rolling friction to sliding friction between tensioning plate and the belt, reduces the frictional force between the two by a wide margin, has reduced energy consumption, improves the life of belt.

9. The utility model provides a four land wheels all are provided with six archs, can increase the adhesive force of land wheel and ground, prevent that the phenomenon of skidding from appearing in the land wheel.

10. The utility model relates to a structural arrangement is reasonable, is applicable to the cotton (660mm +100mm) wide narrow row planting mode is adopted to a membrane six line (broad width 2050mm) machines that are just using widely at present, has huge potential using value widely.

11. The utility model discloses the cotton stalk that uses the machine of present extensive implementation to adopt cotton (660mm +100mm) wide narrow row mode of planting is the object, adopt the shovel to cut and promote the method of cooperative operation, realize adopting cotton field cotton stalk to the machine to adopt the line shovel to pull out the conveying operation, shovel cut part knife rest adopts the tandem arrangement, the design that buries in succession, the shovel cuts the degree of depth adjustable, have the operation low power dissipation, cotton stalk shovel rate of failure is low, shovel advantage such as efficient, realize the high-efficient low-cost swath of machine-harvested cotton stalk, for china's cotton stalk resourceization, high-efficient utilization provides technical guarantee.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the row-cutting, band-clamping combined densely planted cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the row-cutting, band-clamping combined densely planted cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the frame 3;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the push gathering device 7;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the cutting device 6;

fig. 6a is a side view of the blade 11;

fig. 6b is a rear view of the blade 11;

fig. 6c is a schematic perspective view of the blade 11;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the walking transmission device 1, the belt clamp type pulling and conveying device 4 and the stalk guide device 5;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the stem guiding device 5;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the belt-clamp type pull-up conveyor 4;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the pulley mechanism 42 in the belt-clip type pull-up conveying device 4;

fig. 11a is a schematic view of the two tensioning means 41 cooperating with each other;

FIG. 11b is a schematic view of the tensioning mechanism 41;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the stalk discharge turbine 40 in the belt-clamp type pulling-up conveying device 4;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the travel gear 1.

Wherein the reference numerals are:

1 walking transmission device 2 bottom plate

3 rack 4 with clamp type pulling and conveying device

5 leading stalk device 6 shovel cuts device

7 push-press gathering device 8 three-point suspension bracket

9 rolling pinch roller 10 knife rest

11 scraper knife 12 fixed bolster

13 side plate 14 rear cross beam

15 middle cross beam 16 front cross beam

17 support beam 18 suspension beam

19 rolling pinch roller shaft 20 pinch roller support

21 fixed frame 22 guide rod device baffle

23 lead 24 pull-out conveyor belts of stalk ware

25 belt pulley 26 fixing plate

27 spring 28 spring shaft

29 tensioning cylinder 30 spring limiting cylinder

31-32 reel rotating shaft

33 land wheel convex 34 bearing with seat

35 drive shaft 36 land axle

37-drive bevel gear box 38 land wheel

39 tensioning plate 40 row stalk turbine

41 tensioning mechanism 42 pulley mechanism

A is a guide rod gap B pulling conveying gap

Alpha is an included angle between a connecting line of a cutter point of the scraper knife 11 and a width middle point of the scraper knife 11 and the advancing direction of the machine tool

Beta is an included angle between a connecting line of a cutter point of the scraper knife 11 and a thickness middle point of the scraper knife 11 and the vertical axis direction

Gamma is the angle of inclination of the base plate 2 to the horizontal

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the close planting cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine comprises a frame 3, and a pushing and gathering device 7, a cutting device 6, a stalk guiding device 5, a belt clamp type pulling and conveying device 4 and a walking transmission device 1 which are sequentially arranged on the frame 3 from front to back.

As shown in fig. 3, the frame 3 includes two side plates 13, and a front cross beam 16, a middle cross beam 15 and a rear cross beam 14 which are fixedly connected between the front portions of the two side plates 13 in sequence from front to back at equal intervals; the rear parts of the two side plates 13 reserve space for fixedly connecting the belt clamping type pulling and conveying device 4 and the walking transmission device 1. Preferably, two support beams 17 are fixedly connected between the middle portion of the front cross beam 16 and the middle portion of the middle cross beam 15. And a suspension beam 18 of the three-point suspension bracket 8 is fixedly connected to the front cross beam 16 and the middle cross beam 15.

As shown in fig. 4, the push gathering device 7 includes a rolling pinch roller shaft 19, a rolling pinch roller 9 and a pinch roller bracket 20; the lower ends of the two pinch roller supports 20 are respectively connected with the two ends of the rolling pinch roller shaft 19 through bearings, the upper ends of the two pinch roller supports 20 are respectively provided with a plurality of pin holes with different horizontal heights, and the two pinch roller supports are respectively matched with the different pin holes through bolts and are fixedly connected with the front parts of the left side plate 13 and the right side plate 13 of the rack 3 in an adjustable horizontal height mode.

The rolling pinch rollers 9 are provided with a conical surface, the conical surfaces of the rolling pinch rollers 9 are alternately and fixedly connected to a rolling pinch roller shaft 19 towards the inside and the outside, and the rolling pinch roller shaft 19 is coaxial with the axis of the rolling pinch rollers 9; wherein, the conical surfaces of the two rolling pinch rollers 9 positioned at the two ends of the rolling pinch roller shaft 19 face inwards; two adjacent rolling pinch rollers 9 with conical surfaces facing to the opposite directions are fixedly connected with each other; a certain distance is arranged between the two adjacent rolling pinch rollers 9 with the conical surfaces facing to each other to form a cotton stalk pushing and gathering groove.

The cotton stalks are planted in wide and narrow rows, every two narrow rows form a group, the spacing distance between two adjacent rolling pinch rollers 9 with the conical surfaces facing opposite directions is larger than the narrow row spacing, and the two rows of the cotton stalks in the narrow rows can enter.

The taper of the rolling pinch roller 9 is 3: 1.

The rolling pressure wheel shaft 19 is spaced from the ground by a certain distance, the spacing distance is the operation height of the pushing and gathering device 7, and the adjustable range of the operation height value is 25 mm-35 mm, preferably 30 mm.

When the machine tool moves forward for operation, the rolling pressing wheels 9 push and press cotton stalks to enable the cotton stalks to lie flat, and the cotton stalks formed by the two adjacent rolling pressing wheels 9 with the conical surfaces facing opposite directions push and press gathering grooves to finish the operation task of gathering the cotton stalks and lying flat. The cotton stalks pushed by the pushing and gathering device 7 are not fluffy any more and are deformed and bent, so that the cotton stalks can pass through the shoveling and cutting device 6 smoothly in the subsequent operation.

As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of groups of shoveling and cutting mechanisms located between the cotton stalk pushing and gathering grooves are arranged on the rear cross beam 14, and each group of shoveling and cutting mechanisms comprises two shoveling and cutting devices 6 which are staggered front and back and are arranged on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the rear cross beam 14 at a certain interval. The shoveling and cutting device 6 comprises a knife rest 10, a shovel knife 11 and a fixing frame 21; the upper part of the tool rest 10 is fixedly connected to the rear cross beam 14 in an adjustable cutting depth mode through a fixing frame 21, the cutting depth adjusting range is 0-300 mm, and the specific cutting depth can be selected to be a proper value according to the cotton field environment of operation, so that the rear side part can work better. The scraper knife 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the knife rest 10.

As shown in fig. 6a, 6b and 6c, the knife edge of the blade 11 is bent forward and laterally, an included angle between a connecting line of the knife edge of the blade 11 and a width middle point of the blade 11 and the advancing direction of the implement is an entry angle α, and the entry angle α is 40 ° to 50 °, preferably 45 °, so that the blade 11 cuts the soil on both sides in a continuous sliding cutting manner, thereby effectively reducing the cutting resistance; the contained angle of the line of the knife tip of spiller 11 and the thickness intermediate point of spiller 11 and vertical axis direction is side bend angle beta, and side bend angle beta is 30 for spiller 11 effectively shovels and cuts cotton stalk root in the course of the work, has greatly broken the cotton stalk and has broken the soil grabbing power, and after the spiller walked, soil was loose, and cotton stalk root promoted, had certain degree of separation with soil, and follow-up less power of pulling up just can pull up the cotton stalk that only needs.

The cutting edge sides of the cutting blades 11 of the two cutting devices 6 in the same group are oppositely arranged in a bending direction.

The plurality of shoveling and cutting devices 6 are arranged on the rear cross beam 14 in a staggered manner from front to back, and the shoveling blades 11 continuously penetrate into the soil during operation, so that the cotton stalks can be well prevented from being blocked on the cutter frame, the energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the working efficiency and the cotton stalk picking rate are improved.

As shown in fig. 7, the stem guide device 5, the belt clamp type pulling and conveying device 4 and the traveling transmission device 1 are fixedly connected to the rear parts of the two side plates 13 by the fixing bracket 12.

The stalk guiding device 5 comprises a plurality of stalk guiding monomers (shown by a dotted line frame part in figure 8) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the cotton stalk pushing and gathering grooves and fixedly connected to the front end of the fixed support 12, and each stalk guiding monomer comprises two stalk guiding parts which are bilaterally symmetrical and form a stalk guiding gap A which is wide in the front and narrow in the back.

As shown in fig. 8, the left and right stalk guide parts of the stalk guide single body each include a stalk guide baffle 22 and a stalk guide 23, and the stalk guide 23 and the stalk guide baffle 22 are isosceles triangles. The bottom edge of the stalk guide device 23 is fixedly connected to the front end of the fixed support 12, and the stalk guide device 23 is parallel to the horizontal plane; one waist of the stalk guide baffle 22 is fixedly connected to one waist of the stalk guide 23 opposite to the other stalk guide 23 in the stalk guide monomer, and the stalk guide baffle 22 is parallel to a vertical plane. The wide front and narrow back guide stalk gap can better guide the cotton stalks to the belt clamp type pulling and conveying device 4.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the belt-clamping type pulling and conveying device 4 includes a plurality of pulling and conveying units (shown by a dashed line frame part in fig. 9) corresponding to the stem guiding units of the stem guiding device 5 one by one, each pulling and conveying unit includes two pulling and conveying portions which are symmetrical left and right and form a pulling and conveying gap B, and each pulling and conveying portion includes a bottom plate 2 and a pulley mechanism 42.

The bottom plate 2 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the fixed bracket 12 in a manner of inclining from low front to high back. The belt wheel mechanism 42 comprises a pair of belt wheels 25 arranged in front and back and a pull-up conveying belt 24 sleeved on the two belt wheels 25. The belt pulleys 25 of the two pulling conveying parts of each pulling conveying unit rotate oppositely, so that the cotton stalks are conveyed from front to back in the pulling conveying gap under the clamping action of the two pulling conveying belts 24.

The outer surface of the pulling conveying belt 24 is provided with wear-resistant rubber particles, so that the belt can be prevented from slipping, and the clamping adhesive force of the cotton stalks and the belt can be increased.

The inclination angle gamma of the bottom plate 2 and the horizontal plane is 25-45 degrees, preferably 30 degrees. The inclination angle gamma can ensure that the cotton stalks can be adhered to different heights in the cotton stalk pulling and conveying process, the breakage rate of the cotton stalks is reduced, the pulling and conveying force of the cotton stalks is increased, the cotton stalks are prevented from blocking the pulling and conveying gap, and the continuity of cotton stalk conveying is ensured.

Each of the pull-up conveying portions of each of the pull-up conveying elements of the band clamp type pull-up conveying device 4 is further provided with a tensioning mechanism 41 for tensioning the pull-up conveying belt 24.

As shown in fig. 11a and 11b, the tensioning mechanism 41 includes a fixed plate 26, a tensioning plate 39, a spring 27, a spring shaft 28, a tensioning barrel 29, and a spring restraining barrel 30.

The fixed plate 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 2 along the conveying direction of the lifting and conveying belt 24, and the tensioning plate 39 is arranged on one side close to the lifting and conveying gap in parallel with the fixed plate 26; a pair of spring shafts 28 and a plurality of spring restraining cylinders 30 are disposed between the fixed plate 26 and the tension plate 39, wherein the two spring shafts 28 are located at the front and rear of the fixed plate 26 and the tension plate 39, respectively. One end of the spring shaft 28 is fixedly connected with the tensioning plate 39, and the other end penetrates through the fixing plate 26; the thick end of the spring limiting cylinder 30 is fixedly connected with the fixing plate 26, and the thin end passes through the tensioning plate 39. The spring 27 is fitted over the spring shaft 28 and is located between the fixed plate 26 and the tension plate 39.

A plurality of tension cylinders 29 are vertically rotatably provided on the tension plate 39 by screws, and are each in contact with the inner surface of the pull-up conveyor belt 24. The tensioning cylinder 29 converts the sliding friction between the tensioning plate 39 and the pull-up conveying belt 24 into rolling friction, so that the friction force between the tensioning plate 39 and the pull-up conveying belt 24 is greatly reduced, the energy loss is reduced, and the service life of the pull-up conveying belt 24 is prolonged.

The corner of the tensioning plate 39, which is in contact with the pulling conveying belt 24, is a round chamfer, so that cotton stalks can smoothly enter a belt gap (namely the pulling conveying gap B), and the cotton stalks and the belt can be prevented from rubbing against a sharp object, the service life of the belt is prolonged, and the friction force is reduced.

The tensioning plate 39 is provided with a spring 27, and the proper gap between the belts can be adjusted according to the difference of the diameter and the number of the cotton stalks which are poured in; the tension mechanism 41 can increase the tension of the pull-up conveyor belt 24, and can prevent the pull-up conveyor belt 24 from slipping.

The rotating shaft of the belt pulley 25 at the rear of at least one pull-up conveying part of each pull-up conveying unit of the belt-clamping pull-up conveying device 4 is provided with a stalk discharge turbine 40.

As shown in fig. 12, the straw discharging turbine 40 includes a straw-pulling shaft 32 fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the belt pulley 25 at the rear and a plurality of straw-pulling rods 31 uniformly fixedly connected to the straw-pulling shaft 32. The straw-pulling rod 31 is a long bent rod with a certain radian, and can further discharge cotton stalks conveyed to the rear part of the pulling conveying gap backwards, and the cotton stalks are separated from the machine body and laid in the field along with the advance of the machine.

As shown in fig. 13, the walking transmission 1 includes a land wheel shaft 36, a land wheel 38, a transmission bevel gear box 37, and a transmission shaft 35.

The two ends of the ground wheel shaft 36 are mounted on the rear end of the fixed bracket 12 through bearings. A plurality of ground wheels 38 are secured to the ground axle 36 at equally spaced intervals. A plurality of transmission shafts 35, which correspond one-to-one to the rear pulleys 25 of the pull-up conveying portion of the pull-up conveying unit of the belt clamp type pull-up conveying device 4, are connected to a ground wheel shaft 36 through a transmission bevel gear box 37. Each transmission shaft 35 is connected to the rotation shaft of the corresponding pulley 25 through a pedestal bearing 34.

The surface of the land wheel 38 is uniformly provided with a plurality of land wheel bulges 33. The land wheel protrusion 33 can increase the adhesion force between the land wheel and the ground and prevent the land wheel 38 from slipping.

The working process of the utility model is as follows:

after the cotton picker finishes working, the machine enters the field for working. The machine tool is connected with a wheeled tractor to form an operation unit, is hung on a hanging mechanism of the wheeled tractor through a three-point suspension bracket 8 on the machine tool, is dragged by the tractor to operate, and firstly pushes and presses cotton stalks by a pushing and gathering device 7 positioned at the front end to gather and lie flat; then the shoveling and cutting device 6 shovels and cuts cotton stubbles into the soil at a certain angle and lifts the whole cotton stalk to the surface of the soil, 3 shoveling and cutting groups just can realize the shoveling and cutting of the cotton stalk of the planting agriculture with 1 film 6 machine for picking cotton and with wide and narrow rows (660+100) mm, the shoveling and cutting depth can be adjusted within the range of 0-300 mm, the specific shoveling and cutting depth can be selected to be a proper value according to the environment of the cotton field for operation, so that the rear edge part can work better, the shoveling and cutting knife rests 10 are arranged in front and back, and the shoveling and cutting knives 11 continuously enter the soil during the operation, thereby well avoiding the blockage of the cotton stalk on the knife rest 10, effectively reducing the energy consumption and improving the working efficiency and the picking rate of the cotton stalk; then the cotton stalks are held by the stalk guide device 5 to assist the cotton stalks to enter the belt clamp type pulling and conveying device 4; the land wheel 38 rotates in contact with the ground in the operation process, then power is transmitted to the transmission bevel gear box 37 through the land wheel shaft 36, the transmission bevel gear box 37 has the function of changing the power direction, the transverse torque is changed into the vertical torque, then the power is transmitted to the rotating shaft of the corresponding belt pulley 25 through the transmission shaft 35 and the bearing with a seat 34, the stalk discharge turbine 40 rotates along with the rotation, and the belt pulley 25 drives the pulling and conveying belt 24 to rotate. The belt pulleys 25 of the two pulling conveying parts of each pulling conveying unit rotate oppositely, so that the cotton stalks are conveyed from front to back in the pulling conveying gap under the clamping action of the two pulling conveying belts 24. The size of the lifting and conveying gap between two corresponding lifting and conveying belts 24 of each lifting and conveying monomer can be adjusted through the tensioning mechanism 41 according to the entering amount of the cotton stalks; finally, after the cotton stalks enter the pulling conveying gap, the cotton stalks are pulled and conveyed to the rear of the machine under the action of the clamping force and the conveying force of the pulling conveying belt 24, the stalk discharge turbine 40 discharges the cotton stalks from the pulling conveying gap, and the cotton stalks are separated from the machine and laid in the field along with the advance of the machine, so that the strip laying operation is completed.

Claims (10)

1. A row-aligning shovel-cutting and belt-clamping combined densely planted cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine comprises a frame (3), and a push-pressing gathering device (7), a shovel-cutting device (6), a stalk guiding device (5), a belt-clamping pulling and conveying device (4) and a walking transmission device (1) which are sequentially arranged on the frame (3) from front to back,

the rack (3) comprises two side plates (13) and a rear cross beam (14) fixedly connected between the front parts of the two side plates (13);

the push gathering device (7) comprises a rolling pinch roller shaft (19), a rolling pinch roller (9) and a pinch roller bracket (20); the lower ends of the two pinch roller supports (20) are respectively connected with the two ends of a rolling pinch roller shaft (19) through bearings, the upper ends of the two pinch roller supports (20) are respectively provided with a plurality of pin holes with different horizontal heights, and the pin holes are respectively matched with the different pin holes through bolts and fixedly connected to the front parts of the left side plate (13) and the right side plate (13) of the rack (3) in a horizontal height-adjustable manner;

the rolling pinch rollers (9) are provided with conical surfaces, the conical surfaces of the rolling pinch rollers (9) are alternately and fixedly connected to a rolling pinch roller shaft (19) towards the inside and the outside, and the rolling pinch roller shaft (19) is coaxial with the axis of the rolling pinch rollers (9); wherein, the conical surfaces of the two rolling pinch rollers (9) positioned at the two ends of the rolling pinch roller shaft (19) face inwards; two adjacent rolling pinch rollers (9) with conical surfaces facing to the opposite directions are fixedly connected with each other; a certain distance is arranged between two adjacent rolling pinch rollers (9) with the conical surfaces facing opposite to each other to form a cotton stalk pushing and gathering groove;

a plurality of groups of shoveling and cutting mechanisms positioned between the cotton stalk pushing and gathering grooves are arranged on the rear cross beam (14), and each group of shoveling and cutting mechanisms comprises two shoveling and cutting devices (6) which are staggered front and back and are arranged on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the rear cross beam (14) at a certain interval respectively; the shoveling and cutting device (6) comprises a knife rest (10), a shoveling knife (11) and a fixing frame (21); the upper part of the knife rest (10) is fixedly connected to the rear cross beam (14) in a cutting depth-adjustable manner through a fixing frame (21), and the scraper knife (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the knife rest (10);

the guide rod device (5), the belt clamp type pulling and conveying device (4) and the walking transmission device (1) are fixedly connected to the rear parts of the two side plates (13) through fixing supports (12); the guide stalk device (5) comprises a plurality of guide stalk monomers which are in one-to-one correspondence with the cotton stalk pushing and gathering grooves and fixedly connected to the front end of the fixed support (12), and each guide stalk monomer comprises two guide stalk parts which are symmetrical left and right and form a guide stalk gap (A) with a wide front part and a narrow back part;

the belt clamping type pulling and conveying device (4) comprises a plurality of pulling and conveying single bodies which correspond to the guide rod single bodies of the guide rod device (5) one by one, each pulling and conveying single body comprises two pulling and conveying parts which are symmetrical left and right and form a pulling and conveying gap (B), and each pulling and conveying part comprises a bottom plate (2) and a belt wheel mechanism (42);

the bottom plate (2) is obliquely and fixedly connected with the middle part of the fixed bracket (12) in a way that the front part is low and the back part is high; the belt wheel mechanism (42) comprises a pair of belt wheels (25) which are arranged in front and back and a pull-up conveying belt (24) sleeved on the two belt wheels (25); the belt pulleys (25) of the two pulling and conveying parts of each pulling and conveying monomer rotate oppositely, so that the cotton stalks are conveyed from front to back in the pulling and conveying gap (B) under the clamping action of the two pulling and conveying belts (24);

the walking transmission device (1) comprises a land wheel shaft (36), a land wheel (38), a transmission bevel gear box (37) and a transmission shaft (35);

two ends of the land wheel shaft (36) are arranged at the rear end of the fixed bracket (12) through bearings; a plurality of land wheels (38) are fixedly connected on the land wheel shaft (36) at equal intervals; a plurality of transmission shafts (35) which are in one-to-one correspondence with belt pulleys (25) at the rear part of the pulling and conveying monomer of the belt clamp type pulling and conveying device (4) are connected with a ground wheel shaft (36) through a transmission bevel gear box (37); each transmission shaft (35) is connected to the rotation shaft of the corresponding pulley (25) through a bearing (34).

2. The row-cutting, band-clamping combined densely planted cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spacing distance between two adjacent rolling press wheels (9) with their conical surfaces facing each other is larger than the narrow row spacing.

3. The row-cutting, belt-clamping combined densely planted cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine according to claim 1, wherein the taper of the rolling pressure wheel (9) is 3: 1.

4. The row-cutting, band-clamping combined densely planted cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine according to claim 1, wherein the blade tip of the blade (11) is bent forward and laterally, an included angle between a connecting line of the blade tip of the blade (11) and a width midpoint of the blade (11) and a forward direction of the machine is an entry angle α, the entry angle α is 40-50 °, an included angle between a connecting line of the blade tip of the blade (11) and a thickness midpoint of the blade (11) and a vertical axis direction is a lateral bending angle β, and the lateral bending angle β is 30 °; the cutting edge sides of the cutting edges (11) of the two cutting devices (6) in the same group are oppositely arranged in a bending direction.

5. The row-cutting, belt-clamping combined densely planted cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine according to claim 1, wherein the left and right stalk guide parts of the stalk guide monomer comprise stalk guide baffle plates (22) and stalk guide devices (23), and the stalk guide devices (23) and the stalk guide baffle plates (22) are in isosceles triangles; the bottom edge of the stalk guide device (23) is fixedly connected to the front end of the fixed support (12), and the stalk guide device (23) is parallel to the horizontal plane; one waist of the stalk guide baffle plate (22) is fixedly connected to one waist of the stalk guide (23) opposite to the other stalk guide (23) in the stalk guide monomer, and the stalk guide baffle plate (22) is parallel to a vertical plane.

6. The row-cutting, belt-clamping combined close-planting cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the pulling and conveying belt (24) is provided with wear-resistant rubber particles.

7. The row-cutting, band-clamping combined densely planted cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle γ of the bottom plate (2) to the horizontal plane is 25 ° to 45 °.

8. The double row cutting, band clamp combined close-packed cotton stalk plucking and spreading machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the plucking and conveying portions of each of the plucking and conveying elements of the band clamp type plucking and conveying device (4) is further provided with a tensioning mechanism (41) for tensioning the plucking and conveying belt (24);

the tensioning mechanism (41) comprises a fixing plate (26), a tensioning plate (39), a spring (27), a spring shaft (28), a tensioning cylinder (29) and a spring limiting cylinder (30);

the fixed plate (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (2) along the conveying direction of the lifting and conveying belt (24), and the tensioning plate (39) and the fixed plate (26) are arranged on one side close to the lifting and conveying gap in parallel; a pair of spring shafts (28) and a plurality of spring restraining cylinders (30) are disposed between the fixed plate (26) and the tension plate (39), wherein the two spring shafts (28) are located at front and rear portions of the fixed plate (26) and the tension plate (39), respectively; one end of the spring shaft (28) is fixedly connected with the tensioning plate (39), and the other end of the spring shaft penetrates through the fixing plate (26); the thick end of the spring limiting cylinder (30) is fixedly connected with the fixing plate (26), and the thin end of the spring limiting cylinder penetrates through the tensioning plate (39); the spring (27) is sleeved on the spring shaft (28) and is positioned between the fixed plate (26) and the tensioning plate (39); a plurality of tension cylinders (29) are vertically rotatably provided on the tension plate (39) by screws, and are each in contact with the inner surface of the pull-up conveyor belt (24).

9. The row cutting and belt clamping combined close-packed cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine according to claim 8, wherein the corner of the tension plate (39) contacting the pulling and conveying belt (24) is rounded.

10. The row-cutting, belt-clamping combined close-planting cotton stalk pulling and spreading machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a stalk discharge turbine (40) is provided on a rotating shaft of a belt pulley (25) at the rear of at least one pulling and conveying part of each pulling and conveying unit of the belt-clamping type pulling and conveying device (4);

the stalk-removing turbine (40) comprises a stalk-removing rotating shaft (32) fixedly connected on a rotating shaft of the belt pulley (25) positioned at the rear part and a plurality of stalk-removing rods (31) uniformly fixedly connected on the stalk-removing rotating shaft (32), wherein the stalk-removing rods (31) are long bent rods with a certain radian.

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