CN212339225U - Opposed wall type/arch type combustion boiler combustion system intelligent optimization adjustment system - Google Patents
Opposed wall type/arch type combustion boiler combustion system intelligent optimization adjustment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212339225U CN212339225U CN202021901124.4U CN202021901124U CN212339225U CN 212339225 U CN212339225 U CN 212339225U CN 202021901124 U CN202021901124 U CN 202021901124U CN 212339225 U CN212339225 U CN 212339225U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an intelligent optimization adjusting system of a combustion system of an opposed wall-flushing type/arch type combustion boiler, which comprises an online adjusting control system and an online monitoring system; the online adjustment control system comprises a primary air total air volume online adjustment system, a secondary air total air volume online adjustment system, a same-layer over-fire air volume online adjustment device, a single burner powder volume online adjustment device and a single over-fire air volume online adjustment device; the on-line monitoring system comprises a primary air powder pipe air quantity and powder quantity on-line monitoring system, a high-temperature heating surface on-screen pipe bundle temperature rise monitoring system and an economizer outlet flue gas component distribution monitoring system. The utility model has the advantages that: this patent has increased two kinds of boiler combustion system's online adjustment control system and on-line monitoring system, changes some manual regulation modes that have now into electronic or pneumatic regulation mode, has increased new control means in the stove, has improved coal fired power plant boiler combustion system automatic control level.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal-fired power generation, a can effectively solve the steam temperature deviation that uneven burning arouses in offset wall formula burning boiler and the arch type burning boiler stove, the serious scheduling problem of local coking combustion system intelligent optimization adjustment control system is related to, is particularly useful for the offset whirl burning boiler that adopts wall formula burning mode and the W flame boiler that adopts two arch burning modes.
Background
In order to solve the problem of increasingly serious wind (light and water) abandonment, improve the consumption capability of new energy and improve the operation flexibility of a thermal power generating unit, the task is urgent, and the participation in deep peak regulation is the normal operation state of a coal-fired power generating unit. Wall-fired boilers typified by opposed swirl-fired boilers and arch-fired boilers typified by W-fired boilers have a common feature that all burners are disposed on the front and rear walls of a furnace. However, under the influence of factors such as deviation of output of a burner, deviation of secondary air distribution, deviation of over-fired air distribution and the like, the combustion in the two types of boilers is uneven along the width direction of the boiler, the greater the unit capacity is, the more obvious the uneven combustion is, the lower the unit load is, the more obvious the uneven combustion is, and if the operation is improper in the deep peak shaving process, the safe and stable operation of the boiler is seriously influenced. In addition, for supercritical and ultra supercritical boilers, waterwalls are the technical key. Compared with a natural circulation boiler, the temperature of the working medium in the water wall pipe under the supercritical pressure changes along with the heat absorption capacity. When the deep peak regulation is carried out in low-load operation, the feed water flow and pressure are reduced, and the working medium enthalpy shortage at the inlet of the heating surface is increased. The feed water flow is reduced, and the flow distribution nonuniformity of the water wall is increased; the pressure is reduced, and the change of the specific volume of the steam and the water is increased; the enthalpy of the working medium is increased, so that the resistance ratio of the evaporation section and the economizer is changed, the hydrodynamic stability of the water cooling wall under the low-load condition is at the instability critical point under the combined action of the factors, and the water cooling wall is very easy to destabilize under the external interference condition, so that the over-temperature phenomenon occurs in the local area of the water cooling wall.
For a tangential firing boiler, the effect of the burner load differences on the combustion in the furnace is insignificant due to the strong mixing in the furnace. The opposed firing pulverized coal boiler burner and the W flame boiler burner are intensively arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the hearth, the transverse mixing of the flow field in the boiler is poor, and the pulverized coal flow deviation of the burners on the same layer can cause the uneven combustion in the boiler. The multilayer combustor is put into operation under high load, the interlayer deviation is mutually compensated, and no obvious difference is generated. Under low load, especially in the deep peak regulation process, the number of coal mills in operation is small, the influence of the thermal load deviation of a combustor on the combustion uniformity in the furnace is obvious, and the stability of the water power in the water cooling wall pipe under low load is poor, so that the overtemperature problem of the water cooling wall, the high reheating surface and the high overheating surface under deep peak regulation and low load is very prominent due to the interaction of the coal mills and the water cooling wall pipe under low load, the further load reduction is limited, and the flexible operation of a unit is not facilitated. In addition, in the process of deep peak regulation of the unit, the wall temperature of the heating surface can be frequently changed, and the pipe is in an expansion and contraction state for a long time and is easy to generate fatigue fracture. At present, only one-way peak regulation rate is pursued for deep peak regulation of a coal-electric unit, the influence of a large-span rapid lifting load on a heating surface is not evaluated enough, monitoring of the heating surface is limited to wall temperature, deep excavation is not needed, and control of the wall temperature and the load lifting rate in the deep peak regulation process cannot be effectively guided.
Therefore, the research on the combustion uniformity in the boiler is significant for improving the safety and stability of the two boilers in the deep peak shaving operation mode.
After the deep peak regulation operation, the two types of boilers have the phenomena of overtemperature of a water cooling wall, large fluctuation of the wall temperature, large deviation and the like in succession, and the phenomena mainly occur in the stages of low-load operation and rapid load lifting. Under low load, the feed water flow is low, so that the flow deviation of working media in each water-cooled wall pipe is relatively large, the flame fullness of a hearth is poor, the center of the flame is easy to deviate from an expected position, the heat load distribution is uneven, and the wall temperature of a part of water-cooled wall areas is caused to have an overtemperature phenomenon under the comprehensive action of the two deviations. In the rapid load lifting stage of the unit, the wall temperature of the local water-cooled wall is rapidly increased due to the phenomenon of overshooting of changing instructions such as water, coal, wind and the like. The problems that the local thermal stress of the water-cooled wall is large, and the safe production is affected by tearing, tube explosion and the like easily occur due to the reasons. At present, the problem of uneven combustion in two types of boilers is solved by adjusting the distribution of air and powder entering the boiler, namely, by adjusting the flow rate and air volume of coal powder of each burner in the width direction of the boiler, the combustion in the boiler is uniform. At present, the main measure for solving the problem of the uneven combustion in the furnace is to carry out cold state adjustment or hot state combustion adjustment, however, the method is limited by equipment adjusting means, and the following problems exist.
1. The amount of powder entering the combustor is not accurately adjusted enough. The main reason for the uneven output of the burners is the insufficient supply of pulverized coal powder for grinding each burner simultaneously. At present, most (more than 98%) of the pulverizing systems equipped for domestic large coal-fired power plant boilers with the power of more than 300MW adopt direct-blowing pulverizing systems. The raw coal in the raw coal bin is sent into a coal mill by a coal feeder to be ground into powder, and the pulverized coal with a fixed particle size range is separated by a static (or dynamic) separator and sent to a combustor by each powder pipe. Although each powder pipe at the outlet of the separator of the coal mill is provided with an adjustable shrinkage cavity, the air quantity of each powder pipe can be only adjusted, the mass flow rate of the pulverized coal entering each powder pipe cannot be adjusted, and an effective online adjusting means is still lacked for the optimized adjustment of the primary air side in the furnace through balanced combustion.
2. The flexibility of manually adjusting the air quantity of each burner is insufficient. No matter in the opposite-impact swirl combustion boiler or the W flame boiler, secondary air nozzle exhaust ports of all the burners are all installed in the same air box, particularly in the W flame boiler, all the burners on the front wall or the rear wall are all installed in the same air box, although all the burners are all provided with secondary air door adjusting devices, the adjusting air doors are manual, the adjusting flexibility is insufficient, and an effective online adjusting means is not provided for adjusting the secondary air side in the boiler in a balanced combustion and optimization mode.
3. Characterization and quantitative feedback of combustion uniformity in the furnace are insufficient. The uniformity of the temperature distribution in the furnace is a main index of the combustion uniformity in the reaction furnace, however, the traditional direct smoke temperature measuring device cannot adapt to the measuring conditions due to high combustion temperature level in the furnace, and the horizontal flue and the tail flue with relatively low smoke temperature have difficulty in measuring the smoke temperature due to the arrangement of too many heating surfaces. At present, although most boilers are provided with heating surface wall temperature measuring points, the measuring points can only monitor the wall temperature level of a water cooling wall, and the combustion uniformity condition in the boiler cannot be reflected. Therefore, the representation and quantitative feedback of the combustion uniformity in the furnace are insufficient at present, and the optimized adjustment of the balanced combustion in the furnace lacks an effective monitoring means.
With the continuous breakthrough and development of measurement technology and regulation technology in recent years, the key problem of restricting the intelligent optimization and adjustment of the boiler combustion system is broken through one by one, and the intelligent optimization and adjustment of the boiler combustion system of a large coal-fired power station is no longer inaccessible and becomes an important part in the construction of an intelligent power plant.
However, the current coal-fired utility boiler combustion system still has the following problems:
1. the monitoring means of combustion in the furnace is few, and the intelligent optimization control of the combustion system is difficult.
At present, the automatic adjustment and monitoring means for combustion in the boiler of the coal-fired power plant are too few, only the large air box inlet baffle door, the overfire air box inlet baffle door, the total secondary air volume and the total primary air volume of the same-layer combustor can be remotely adjusted and controlled on line, and the air volume and the powder volume of a single combustor and the air volume of a single overfire air cannot be remotely adjusted on line. In addition, the intelligent optimization control of the combustion system is limited in means and insufficient in feedback information, and the effective combustion information in the furnace, namely the running oxygen amount at the outlet of the hearth, cannot meet the requirement of refined intelligent optimization due to insufficient quantity arrangement.
2. The manual adjustment of the air distribution of the burner and the over-fire air nozzle lags behind, which affects the adjustment flexibility and timeliness.
At present, the main means for adjusting the uneven combustion in the furnace is adjustment of a burner and over-fire air distribution, however, the currently adopted adjusting means are manual adjusting devices, operators need to adjust the burner and over-fire air door pull rods on site, and due to the fact that the number of the burner and the over-fire air door is large (about 100 and 160 MWW units), the time for adjusting once is too long, and the requirements of operation condition changes such as load and grinding cannot be met. In addition, for the open-air boilers in southern areas, the adjusting pull rods of the burners and the over-fire air doors are rusted more and cannot be adjusted on line.
3. The coal powder flow distribution of the coal pulverizer outlet powder pipe is not uniform and cannot be adjusted.
At present, the primary air and powder adjustment of a coal-fired power plant boiler is mainly realized by uniformly adjusting the primary air speed of each powder pipe which is milled at the same time through an adjustable shrinkage cavity arranged on the primary air and powder pipe, and the deviation is controlled within +/-5%. However, in actual operation, the wind speed of each combustion primary wind of the same layer can be adjusted to be very uniform, but the deviation of the powder amount is large, the output uniformity of a combustor is influenced, and at present, no effective adjusting device is available.
4. The heat deviation is large, the temperature reduction water quantity is high, and the unit economy is reduced.
The problems of large thermal deviation, high temperature reduction water quantity and reduced unit economy caused by non-uniform combustion in a main combustion area of the combustion boiler are solved.
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide an intelligent optimization and adjustment system for a combustion system of an opposed wall/arch combustion boiler.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming not enough among the prior art, providing an offset wall formula/arch form combustion boiler combustion system intelligent optimization adjustment system, can effectively solve the steam temperature deviation that the uneven arouses of burning in offset wall formula combustion boiler and the arch form combustion boiler, local coking serious scheduling problem, be particularly useful for the offset whirl combustion boiler that adopts wall formula combustion mode and the W flame boiler that adopts two arch combustion modes.
The intelligent optimization and adjustment system for the combustion system of the opposed-wall/arch combustion boiler comprises an online adjustment and control system and an online monitoring system.
The online adjustment control system includes: the online adjusting system comprises a primary air total air volume online adjusting system, a secondary air total air volume online adjusting system, a same-layer combustion air volume online adjusting device, a same-layer over-fire air volume online adjusting device, a single burner secondary air volume online adjusting device, a single burner powder volume online adjusting device, a single burner primary air volume online adjusting device and a single over-fire air volume online adjusting device. The primary air total air volume online adjusting system is arranged on the primary air fan, is regulated and controlled by the primary air fan, and adjusts the total air volume and the pressure head of the primary air by adjusting the air volume and the pressure head of the primary air fan; all the secondary air total air volume online adjusting systems are arranged on the air feeder, are regulated and controlled by the air feeder, adjust the air volume and the pressure head of the air feeder through a frequency converter, a static blade or a movable blade, and adjust the secondary air total air volume and the pressure head; the online adjusting device for the air volume of the same-layer combustor is arranged on the flue gas baffle door on two sides of each layer of combustor air box, and the online adjusting device for the air volume of the same-layer combustor is adjusted by an electric or pneumatic actuator, so that the total air volume entering the combustor layer can be adjusted; the online same-layer over-fire air volume adjusting devices are arranged on two sides of the over-fire air box and are adjusted through an electric or pneumatic actuator, so that the total air volume entering the over-fire air layer can be adjusted; the single burner secondary air volume online adjusting device is arranged at an inlet of a burner internal and external secondary air channel and comprises a baffle plate and a pull rod, the pull rod is made of stainless steel, and the single burner secondary air volume online adjusting device is adjusted by an electric or pneumatic actuator and can adjust the volume of secondary air entering the burner; the single over-fire air volume online adjusting device is arranged at an inlet of an over-fire air nozzle channel and is adjusted by an electric or pneumatic actuator, so that the volume of the entering over-fire air can be adjusted; the single combustor powder amount online adjusting device is arranged in a separator at the outlet of the coal mill, is in a shutter shape and is used for adjusting the powder amount entering the combustor; the single burner primary air volume online adjusting device is arranged on the primary air powder pipe and is used for adjusting the primary air volume entering the burner. The air outlet pipeline of the primary fan and the powder outlet pipeline of the coal mill are combined to form a primary air powder pipe.
The online monitoring system comprises: the system comprises a primary air powder pipe air quantity and powder quantity online monitoring system, a hearth horizontal flue gas temperature online monitoring system, a hearth horizontal flue gas component distribution online monitoring system, a high-temperature heating surface same-screen tube bundle temperature rise monitoring system and an economizer outlet gas component distribution monitoring system. The primary air-powder pipe air quantity and powder quantity online monitoring system is arranged on the primary air-powder pipe and is used for monitoring the speed of an air-powder mixture and the mass flow rate of coal powder in the primary air-powder pipe, and the measuring method can be a charge type or an ultrasonic type; the online monitoring system for the flue gas temperature of the horizontal flue of the hearth is arranged in a section between the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater; furnace horizontal flue gas component distribution on-line monitoring systemThe sampling tubes (flue gas sampling probes) are also arranged in a section between the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater and are used for measuring O in the flue gas in the region2And CO concentration profile. The temperature rise monitoring system of the tube bundle with the same screen of the high-temperature heating surface is arranged on an inlet tube panel and an outlet tube panel of a screen superheater, a high-temperature superheater and a high-temperature reheater, temperature distribution of the inlet tube panel and the outlet tube panel is measured by additionally arranging temperature measuring points on the inlet tube panel and the outlet tube panel, temperature rise deviation of tubes at the same screen and the same position is calculated, and heat absorption deviation of all levels of heating surfaces along the width direction of the furnace is; the system for monitoring the distribution of the components of the flue gas at the outlet of the economizer is arranged on a flue at the outlet of the economizer, a plurality of flue gas sampling points are arranged along the width direction of the flue according to a grid method, and the method of routing inspection is adopted to measure and extract O in the flue gas2And the concentration of CO to obtain O in the flue gas at the outlet of the economizer2And CO concentration profile.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the single burner secondary air volume online adjusting device mainly comprises a baffle and a pull rod, and the pull rod is made of stainless steel.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the single over-fire air volume online adjusting device mainly comprises a baffle and a pull rod, and the pull rod is made of stainless steel.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the on-line monitoring system for the flue gas temperature of the horizontal flue of the hearth mainly comprises thermocouples, data lines and a data acquisition system, wherein a plurality of thermocouples are arranged along the width direction of the hearth, the spacing between the thermocouples is 0.5-1.5m, and 1-4 layers of thermocouples are arranged in the height direction of the horizontal flue and are used for detecting the flue gas temperature distribution in the region.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the on-line monitoring system for the smoke component distribution of the horizontal flue of the hearth mainly comprises a smoke sampling probe, a preprocessing unit, a measuring unit and a data transmission unit, wherein the smoke sampling probe is made of high-temperature-resistant materials, and is arranged on the cross section of the horizontal flue along the width direction of the hearth.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the coal mill is connected to the combustor through a primary air powder pipe, and a primary air fan air outlet pipeline is merged into the primary air powder pipe.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: an air outlet pipeline of the air feeder is connected to the over-fire air nozzle.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: each burner is composed of a primary air nozzle, an inner secondary air nozzle and an outer secondary air nozzle.
The utility model has the advantages that: the intelligent optimization and adjustment system for the combustion system of the opposed-wall/arch combustion boiler provided by the patent has the advantages that the online adjustment and control system and the online monitoring system of the combustion systems of the two types of boilers are added, the existing manual adjustment modes are changed into electric or pneumatic adjustment modes, new monitoring means are added in the boiler, and the automatic control level of the combustion system of the boiler of the coal-fired power plant is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an intelligent optimization adjustment system for a combustion system of an opposed wall/arch fired boiler;
fig. 2 is an elevation view of an intelligent optimization adjustment system for a combustion system of an opposed wall/arch combustion boiler.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a hearth; 1-1, water cooling wall; 1-2, platen superheater; 1-3, high-temperature superheater; 1-4, a high-temperature reheater; 1-5, low-temperature superheater; 1-6 parts of a low-temperature reheater, 1-7 parts of an economizer; 2. a lower hearth; 3. feeding the furnace hearth; 4. a horizontal flue at the upper part of the hearth; 5. a shaft flue; 6. an economizer outlet flue; 7-1, a burner; 7-2, a burner windbox; 7-3, an over-fire air nozzle; 7-4, an over-fire air box; 8-3, adjusting the combustion air volume on line in the same layer; 8-4, an online adjusting device for the same-layer over-fire air volume; 8-7, a single burner primary air volume online adjusting device; 9-1, a primary air powder pipe air quantity and powder quantity online monitoring system; 9-2, an online monitoring system for the flue gas temperature of a horizontal flue of a hearth; 9-3, an online monitoring system for the distribution of flue gas components in a horizontal flue of a hearth; 9-5, a system for monitoring the distribution of the components of the flue gas at the outlet of the economizer; 10-1, a coal mill; 10-2, a separator; 10-3, primary air powder pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following description of the embodiments is merely provided to aid in understanding the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can be further modified and modified, and such modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
The intelligent optimization and adjustment system for the combustion system of the opposed-wall/arch combustion boiler mainly comprises the following contents:
(1) the intelligent optimization control system for the boiler combustion system of the large coal-fired power station is constructed. The intelligent optimizing and adjusting system for the combustion system of the combustion boiler comprises an online adjusting and controlling system and an online monitoring system. The online adjustment control system includes: the online adjusting system comprises a primary air total air volume online adjusting system, a secondary air total air volume online adjusting system, a same-layer combustion air volume online adjusting device, a same-layer over-fire air volume online adjusting device, a single burner secondary air volume online adjusting device, a single burner powder volume online adjusting device, a single burner primary air volume online adjusting device and a single over-fire air volume online adjusting device. The online monitoring system comprises: the system comprises a primary air powder pipe air quantity and powder quantity online monitoring system, a hearth horizontal flue gas temperature online monitoring system, a hearth horizontal flue gas component distribution online monitoring system, a high-temperature heating surface same-screen tube bundle temperature rise monitoring system and an economizer outlet gas component distribution monitoring system.
(2) The air quantity adjusting pull rods of the burner and the over-fire air nozzle are replaced by stainless steel pull rods, and an electric or pneumatic actuator is adopted for remote operation.
(3) The method is provided for representing the combustion temperature in the furnace by monitoring the flue gas temperature distribution and the flue gas component distribution of a horizontal flue at the outlet of the hearth. The main combustion area and the over-fire air of the coal-fired power station boiler are burnt violently and at high temperature, the existing measuring device directly measures the temperature of the flue gas and the distribution difficulty of the components is very high, and in order to solve the temperature, the traditional method is to represent the uniform condition of combustion in the boiler by monitoring the distribution of the components of the flue gas at the outlet of the coal economizer. However, since a large number of heating surfaces are arranged from the furnace to the exit of the economizer, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced after passing through the heating surfaces, the flue gas is mixed with each other under the disturbance action of the heating surfaces, and the distribution of flue gas components measured at the exit of the economizer cannot accurately reflect the combustion condition in the furnace. Therefore, the patent proposes that the distribution condition of combustion in the furnace is reflected by monitoring the smoke components and the temperature distribution of the outlet position (higher than the outlet and the cross section of the screen inlet) of the furnace, wherein the position is relatively front and the smoke temperature is relatively low.
(4) An intelligent optimization and adjustment method for balanced combustion in a coal-fired power plant boiler is provided. The concrete contents are as follows: the uniformity of combustion in the furnace is evaluated by monitoring the temperature of the flue gas side in the furnace, the concentration distribution of components and the temperature rise distribution of the water side; according to the deviation of combustion in the furnace, the combustion uniformity in the furnace is adjusted by finely adjusting the powder amount of each burner, the air quantity of secondary air and the powder amount of over-fire air, so that the problems of large thermal deviation, high temperature reduction water quantity and reduced unit economy caused by non-uniform combustion in a main combustion area are solved.
Example one
The object of the embodiment is a 600MW supercritical opposed-impact cyclone combustion boiler. The opposed-impact rotational flow combustion boiler comprises a hearth 1, a water wall 1-1, a screen type superheater 1-2, a high-temperature superheater 1-3, a high-temperature reheater 1-4, a low-temperature superheater 1-5, a low-temperature reheater 1-6, an economizer 1-7, a lower hearth 2, an upper hearth 3, a hearth upper horizontal flue 4, a shaft flue 5, an economizer outlet flue 6, a combustion system and a powder making system. Wherein the combustion system comprises a combustor 7-1, a combustor wind box 7-2, an over-fire air nozzle 7-3 and an over-fire air wind box 7-4. The powder making system comprises a coal mill 10-1, a separator 10-2 and a primary air powder pipe 10-3.
The hearth 1 consists of a front wall, a rear wall and two side wall water cooling walls 1-1, the hearth 1 is divided into a lower hearth 2 and an upper hearth 3, 3 layers of burners 7-1 are respectively arranged on the front wall and the rear wall, 6 burners are arranged on each layer, the number of the burners is 36, and each layer of the burners is arranged in one secondary air bellow 7-2. The upper part of the uppermost layer of the burner is provided with a layer of over-fire air nozzles 7-3, the front wall and the rear wall are respectively provided with 6 over-fire air nozzles, each layer of over-fire air nozzles 7-3 are arranged in the same over-fire air bellow 7-4, and the burner bellow 7-2 and the over-fire air bellow 7-4 are supplied with air from the left side and the right side.
The total amount of primary air entering the hearth and the pressure head are controlled by a primary fan air volume adjusting system, namely the primary air total air volume online adjusting system; the total amount of secondary air entering the hearth and the pressure head are controlled by an air supply blower air quantity adjusting system, namely, the online adjusting system for the total amount of the secondary air. The air volume entering the same-layer combustor air box and the air volume entering the same-layer over-fire air box are controlled by a same-layer combustion air volume online adjusting device 8-3 arranged on two sides of the combustor air box and a same-layer over-fire air volume online adjusting device 8-4 arranged on two sides of the over-fire air box. Each burner is composed of a primary air nozzle, an inner secondary air nozzle and an outer secondary air nozzle, and each nozzle is provided with a responding adjusting device. The primary air spout air quantity is adjusted by a single burner primary air quantity online adjusting device 8-7 arranged on a primary air powder pipe 10-3, and the primary air spout powder quantity is adjusted by a single burner powder quantity online adjusting device 8-6 arranged inside a separator 10-2. The air quantity of the inner secondary air nozzle and the air quantity of the outer secondary air nozzle are adjusted by a single combustor secondary air quantity online adjusting device, the single combustor secondary air quantity online adjusting device is composed of a baffle, a pull rod and an electric or pneumatic actuating mechanism, and the pull rod is made of stainless steel. The air quantity of the over-fire air nozzle is adjusted by a single over-fire air quantity online adjusting device, the single over-fire air quantity online adjusting device also comprises a baffle, a pull rod and an electric or pneumatic actuating mechanism, and the pull rod is made of stainless steel.
The boiler is equipped with 6 coal mills 10-1, each supplying pulverized coal to a layer of burners. When the coal pulverizer operates, pulverized coal crushed by the coal pulverizer is fed into each combustor on the same layer through 6 primary air-powder pipes 10-3. In the embodiment, a primary air powder pipe air quantity and powder quantity online monitoring system 9-1 is arranged on a primary air powder pipe and used for monitoring the primary air nozzle air speed of a combustor, and a single combustor primary air quantity online adjusting device 8-7 is arranged and used for adjusting the primary air nozzle air speed of the combustor. And a single burner powder amount online adjusting device is arranged in the separator 10-2 at the outlet of the coal mill and used for adjusting the powder amount entering the burner, and the single burner powder amount online adjusting device is in a shutter mode and is arranged in the separator at the inlet of each powder pipe.
In the area of a horizontal flue 4 at the upper part of the hearth, a section between the high-temperature superheater 1-3 and the low-temperature superheater 1-4 is provided with a hearth horizontal flue gas temperature on-line monitoring system 9-2 and a hearth horizontal flue gas component distribution on-line monitoring system 9-3. The furnace horizontal flue gas temperature on-line monitoring system 9-2 consists of a thermocouple, a data line and a data acquisition system, and the heat is generatedThe thermocouples are arranged on the cross section of the horizontal flue of the hearth according to the grid method arrangement principle in the width direction of the hearth, and the data acquisition system transmits the temperature measured by the thermocouples to the DCS through the data lines, so that the distribution condition of the temperature field of the cross section of the horizontal flue of the hearth can be monitored in real time on line. The furnace hearth horizontal flue gas component distribution online monitoring system 9-3 is composed of a gas sampling probe, a preprocessing unit, a measuring unit and a data transmission unit, wherein the gas sampling probe is made of high-temperature-resistant materials and is arranged on the cross section of the horizontal flue along the width direction of the furnace hearth according to the principle of a grid method; the pretreatment unit is mainly used for extracting flue gas and removing water vapor and dust in the flue gas and is arranged outside the furnace; the measuring unit is mainly used for analyzing and measuring O in the flue gas2And CO component concentration; the data transmission unit is used for transmitting the measurement result of the measurement unit to the DCS through processing, and can monitor the distribution condition of the smoke components on the cross section of the horizontal flue of the hearth on line in real time. The constitution and the arrangement mode of an economizer outlet flue gas component distribution monitoring system 9-5 arranged in an economizer outlet flue 6 are the same as those of a hearth horizontal flue gas component distribution on-line monitoring system 9-3.
In order to evaluate the deviation of heat absorption capacity between screens in the width direction of a hearth, the patent proposes that a high-temperature heating surface co-screen tube bundle temperature rise monitoring system is arranged on a screen type superheater 1-2, a high-temperature superheater 1-3 and a high-temperature reheater 1-4, and the high-temperature heating surface co-screen tube bundle temperature rise monitoring system is composed of a thermocouple, a data line and a data acquisition and transmission system. The thermocouple is arranged on the high-temperature heating surface pipe and used for measuring the wall temperature of the pipe. Wall temperature measuring points are all or selectively installed on the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of each screen, and the installed wall temperature measurement should meet the following principle: (1) the inlet and outlet of the outermost ring pipe of each screen are installed; (2) the pipe numbers of the wall temperature measuring points installed on each screen are the same, and the measuring points are installed at the inlet and the outlet; (3) the wall temperature measuring points are welded on the pipes, and the outside of the pipes is wrapped with heat insulation with the thickness not less than 100 mm. The temperature difference measured by temperature measuring points of the inlet and outlet walls of the same pipe can be approximately regarded as the temperature rise of steam in the pipe, and the distribution of the temperature rise of the steam of the same pipe among the screens can represent the deviation of the heat absorption capacity of the high-temperature heating surface along the width direction of the furnace. The data line and the data acquisition and transmission system can transmit the wall temperature measured by the thermocouple to the DCS system, so that real-time online monitoring is realized.
To sum up, this patent newly-increased online adjustment control system includes: the online adjusting system comprises a primary air total air volume online adjusting system, a secondary air total air volume online adjusting system, a same-layer burner secondary air volume online adjusting device (namely a same-layer burning air volume online adjusting device 8-3), a same-layer burn-out air volume online adjusting device 8-4, a single burner secondary air volume online adjusting device, a single burner powder volume online adjusting device, a single burner primary air volume online adjusting device 8-7 and a single burn-out air volume online adjusting device. This newly-increased on-line monitoring system of patent includes: the system comprises a primary air powder pipe air quantity and powder quantity online monitoring system 9-1, a hearth horizontal flue gas temperature online monitoring system 9-2, a hearth horizontal flue gas component distribution online monitoring system 9-3, a high-temperature heating surface same-screen tube bundle temperature rise monitoring system and an economizer outlet gas component distribution monitoring system 9-5.
Example two
The embodiment provides an adjusting method of an intelligent optimization adjusting system of a combustion system of a facing wall type/arch type combustion boiler, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step S1: analyzing and monitoring the obtained temperature and component concentration distribution of the outlet flue gas of the high-temperature superheater of the horizontal flue of the hearth, the component concentration distribution of the outlet flue gas side of the economizer and the temperature rise conditions of a tube panel of a screen type superheater, the high-temperature superheater and a high-temperature reheater, and evaluating the deviation condition of the combustion side in the furnace;
(1) evaluating and analyzing the difference between the radiation heat exchange characteristic and the convection heat exchange characteristic in the furnace according to the distribution condition of the temperature rises of the tubes at the same positions of different screens of the screen superheater, the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater along the width direction of the furnace chamber, which is measured by the high-temperature heating surface and screen tube bundle temperature rise monitoring system;
(2) according to the distribution condition of the flue gas temperature of the horizontal flue, measured by the on-line monitoring system 9-2 of the flue gas temperature of the horizontal flue of the hearth, evaluating and analyzing the condition of the side heat deviation of the flue gas, and analyzing the deviation condition of the flue gas flow field at the outlet of the hearth and the combustion deviation condition in the furnace by combining the change of the heat absorption characteristic of the high-temperature heating surface;
(3) on-line monitoring according to distribution of flue gas components in horizontal flue of hearthO measured by System 9-32And the CO concentration distribution condition is combined with the temperature field distribution and the temperature rise distribution of the high-temperature heating surface, the combustion deviation in the furnace is comprehensively judged, and the air and powder adjusting measures are provided.
Step S2: according to the deviation of combustion in the furnace, the powder amount, the secondary air amount and the over-fire air amount of each combustor are finely adjusted, and the combustion uniformity in the furnace is adjusted, so that the tube panel temperature rises of the platen superheater, the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater are uniform, and the problems of large thermal deviation, high temperature reduction water amount and unit economy reduction caused by non-uniform combustion in a main combustion area are solved.
This patent has solved following technical problem:
1. this patent is in order to further promote coal fired power plant boiler combustion system intelligent optimization control, on the basis of current burning adjustment means, increases following monitoring and adjustment means: (1) the control of the secondary air baffle air door inside and outside each combustor is changed from manual operation to electric or pneumatic adjustment; (2) the regulation of each overfire air damper is changed from manual regulation into electric or pneumatic regulation; (3) a primary air and pulverized coal flow online monitoring system is arranged on the primary air and pulverized coal pipe; (4) a pulverized coal pipe pulverized coal flow adjusting device is arranged at the outlet of the separator of the coal mill; (5) the flue gas temperature measuring device and flue gas components (CO and O) are arranged in the horizontal flue of the boiler2) A concentration measuring device; (6) the inlet and outlet pipes of the screen are all installed with wall temperature. The problems of few combustion monitoring means in the furnace and difficult intelligent optimization control of a combustion system are solved.
2. This patent proposes to change combustor and the air door pull rod of after-combustion all for the stainless steel pull rod, and pull rod and bellows seal department adopt flexible seal, avoid southern area open air to arrange the boiler combustor and the pull rod of after-combustion air rust and live unable the regulation. In addition, the patent proposes that all burners and air door adjusting pull rods of over-fire air are designed to be driven by an electric device or a pneumatic device, all burners can be remotely operated and adjusted simultaneously in a centralized control room, and a single burner can be remotely adjusted, so that the automatic adjusting means of combustion in the furnace is perfected. The problem of combustor and after-burning air spout air distribution manual adjustment lag, influence regulation flexibility and timeliness is solved.
3. This patent proposes to install wind speed, buggy flow measuring device once on each wind powder pipe for the mass flow of the wind of each powder pipe and buggy of monitoring, simultaneously, installs the baffle at dynamic separator, adjusts the buggy mass flow rate that gets into each powder pipe, makes each powder pipe powder quantity balanced, has increased the adjustment means of burning in the stove. The problem of coal pulverizer export powder pipe buggy flow distribution uneven, and unable adjustment is solved.
4. Based on the newly added monitoring means and the combustion adjustment control means, the intelligent optimized control of the balanced combustion of the combustion system in the furnace can be carried out. The uniformity of combustion in the furnace is evaluated by monitoring the temperature of the flue gas side in the furnace, the concentration distribution of components and the temperature rise distribution of the water side; according to the deviation of combustion in the furnace, the combustion uniformity in the furnace is adjusted by finely adjusting the powder quantity, the secondary air quantity and the over-fire air quantity of each burner, so that the problems of large thermal deviation, high temperature reduction water quantity and reduced unit economy caused by non-uniform combustion in a main combustion area are solved.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an offset wall formula/hunch formula combustion boiler combustion system intelligence optimization adjustment system which characterized in that: comprises an online adjustment control system and an online monitoring system;
the online adjustment control system includes: the online adjusting system comprises a primary air total air volume online adjusting system, a secondary air total air volume online adjusting system, a same-layer combustion air volume online adjusting device (8-3), a same-layer over-fire air volume online adjusting device (8-4), a single-burner secondary air volume online adjusting device, a single-burner powder volume online adjusting device, a single-burner primary air volume online adjusting device (8-7) and a single over-fire air volume online adjusting device; the primary air total air volume online adjusting system is arranged on the primary air fan; all secondary air total air volume online adjusting systems are arranged on the air feeder; the online adjusting device (8-3) for the same-layer combustion air volume is arranged on the flue gas baffle doors on two sides of each layer of burner air box (7-2), and the online adjusting device (8-3) for the same-layer combustion air volume is adjusted by an electric or pneumatic actuator; the online adjusting devices (8-4) of the same-layer over-fire air volume are arranged at two sides of the over-fire air bellows (7-4), and the online adjusting devices (8-4) of the same-layer over-fire air volume are adjusted through electric actuators or pneumatic actuators; the single burner secondary air volume online adjusting device is arranged at the inlets of the inner secondary air channel and the outer secondary air channel of the burner and is adjusted by an electric actuator or a pneumatic actuator; the single over-fire air volume online adjusting device is arranged at an inlet of a channel of an over-fire air nozzle (7-3), and is adjusted by an electric or pneumatic actuator; the single burner powder amount online adjusting device is arranged in a separator (10-2) at the outlet of the coal mill (10-1) and is in a shutter shape; the single burner primary air volume online adjusting device (8-7) is arranged on the primary air powder pipe (10-3);
the online monitoring system comprises: the system comprises a primary air powder pipe air quantity and powder quantity online monitoring system (9-1), a hearth horizontal flue gas temperature online monitoring system (9-2), a hearth horizontal flue gas component distribution online monitoring system (9-3), a high-temperature heating surface same-screen tube bundle temperature rise monitoring system and an economizer outlet gas component distribution monitoring system (9-5); the primary air powder pipe air quantity and powder quantity online monitoring system (9-1) is arranged on the primary air powder pipe (10-3); the furnace horizontal flue gas temperature online monitoring system (9-2) is arranged in a section between the high-temperature superheater (1-3) and the high-temperature reheater (1-4); the furnace horizontal flue gas component distribution online monitoring system (9-3) is also arranged in a section between the high-temperature superheater (1-3) and the high-temperature reheater (1-4); the temperature rise monitoring system of the tube bundle with the same screen of the high-temperature heating surface is arranged on the inlet and outlet tube screens of the screen type superheater (1-2), the high-temperature superheater (1-3) and the high-temperature reheater (1-4); the economizer outlet flue gas component distribution monitoring system (9-5) is arranged on an economizer outlet flue (6).
2. The intelligent combustion system optimization and adjustment system for opposed-wall/arch fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the single burner secondary air volume online adjusting device mainly comprises a baffle and a pull rod, and the pull rod is made of stainless steel.
3. The intelligent combustion system optimization and adjustment system for opposed-wall/arch fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the single over-fire air volume online adjusting device mainly comprises a baffle and a pull rod, and the pull rod is made of stainless steel.
4. The intelligent combustion system optimization and adjustment system for opposed-wall/arch fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the on-line monitoring system (9-2) for the flue gas temperature of the horizontal flue of the hearth mainly comprises thermocouples, data lines and a data acquisition system, wherein a plurality of thermocouples are arranged along the width direction of the hearth, the spacing between the thermocouples is 0.5-1.5m, and the thermocouples are arranged in 1-4 layers in the height direction of the horizontal flue.
5. The intelligent combustion system optimization and adjustment system for opposed-wall/arch fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the on-line monitoring system (9-3) for the distribution of the smoke components in the horizontal flue of the hearth mainly comprises a smoke sampling probe, a preprocessing unit, a measuring unit and a data transmission unit, wherein the smoke sampling probe is made of high-temperature-resistant materials and is arranged on the cross section of the horizontal flue along the width direction of the hearth.
6. The intelligent combustion system optimization and adjustment system for opposed-wall/arch fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal mill (10-1) is connected to the combustor (7-1) through a primary air powder pipe (10-3), and an air outlet pipeline of the primary air fan is merged into the primary air powder pipe (10-3).
7. The intelligent combustion system optimization and adjustment system for opposed-wall/arch fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: an air outlet pipeline of the air feeder is connected to the over-fire air nozzle (7-3).
8. The intelligent combustion system optimization and adjustment system for opposed-wall/arch fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: each burner (7-1) is composed of a primary air nozzle, an inner secondary air nozzle and an outer secondary air nozzle.
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