CN212323009U

CN212323009U - Colored photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system

Info

Publication number: CN212323009U
Application number: CN202020678972.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王永飞; 张愿成; 谭小春
Original assignee: Xian Longi Green Energy Architecture Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-28
Filing date: 2020-04-28
Publication date: 2021-01-08
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a colored photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system relates to photovoltaic building integration technical field to guarantee that colored photovoltaic module has higher power generation efficiency and colorization effect, thereby satisfy BIPV and to photovoltaic module outward appearance requirement. The color photovoltaic module comprises a light-transmitting plate, a photovoltaic cell and a black back plate. The photovoltaic cell is arranged between the light-transmitting plate and the black back plate. The light-transmitting plate has a light-directing surface and a light-shadingsurface. The light-transmitting plate comprises an embossing structure positioned on a light-facing surface and a colored glaze layer positioned on a backlight surface. The photovoltaic system comprises the color photovoltaic module. The utility model provides a colored photovoltaic module is arranged in BIPV photovoltaic system.

Description

Colored photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic building integration technical field especially relates to a colored photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system.

Background

The Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) technology is a technology for integrating solar Photovoltaic products on buildings. The BIPV photovoltaic module can be applied to application scenes such as photovoltaic roofs, glass curtain walls and the like.

The traditional crystalline silicon photovoltaic module has single appearance color, no substantial change and no attractive decoration effect, so that when the BIPV photovoltaic module is applied to a building, the overall design and the appearance of the building are influenced, and the aesthetic requirement of the BIPV cannot be met. In the related art, although some colored photovoltaic modules are used for realizing colorization of buildings, the colored photovoltaic modules have large color defects and cannot meet the appearance requirements. And the color photovoltaic module has higher light loss and is difficult to improve the power generation efficiency.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a colored photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system to guarantee that colored photovoltaic module has higher generating efficiency and colorization effect, thereby satisfy BIPV and require photovoltaic module outward appearance.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a color photovoltaic module. The color photovoltaic module comprises a light-transmitting plate, a photovoltaic cell and a black back plate. The photovoltaic cell is arranged between the light-transmitting plate and the black back plate. The light-transmitting plate has a light-directing surface and a light-shadingsurface. The light-transmitting plate comprises an embossing structure positioned on the light-facing surface and a colored glaze layer positioned on the backlight surface.

It should be understood that the colored glaze layer is located on the backlight surface of the light-transmitting plate, so that the colored glaze layer can be prevented from being worn by the external environment, the stability and the reliability of the colored glaze layer are improved, and the possibility of color fading of the colored glaze layer along with the increase of the service time is reduced.

When adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, colored photovoltaic module realizes colorizing visual effect with the help of the colored glaze layer that is located the light-passing board for photovoltaic cell who is located between light-passing board and the black backplate need not to be colored photovoltaic cell, can guarantee like this that it has high light utilization ratio, consequently, the utility model provides a colored photovoltaic module can ensure that photovoltaic cell has higher light utilization ratio, and then improves the generating efficiency. And considering that the black back plate almost or not reflects light, the color of the photovoltaic cell is darker, so that the black back plate can be integrated with the photovoltaic cell, the effect of shielding the photovoltaic cell is achieved, the interference capability of the black back plate and the photovoltaic cell on the color of the color photovoltaic module is weakened, and the color purity displayed by the color photovoltaic module is improved. On this basis, colored photovoltaic module can also carry out the scattering of certain degree to black backplate and photovoltaic cell's the light that jets out with the help of the knurling structure that printing plate has to further weaken the imaging effect, make the color that colored photovoltaic module demonstrates more even, soft fine and smooth. Therefore, the utility model provides a colored photovoltaic module has higher generating efficiency and colorization effect to satisfy BIPV and require photovoltaic module outward appearance.

In a possible implementation manner, the material of the light-transmitting plate may be a common glass material. For example: when the light-transmitting plate is the colored embossed glazed glass, the colored glaze layer of the colored embossed glazed glass can be formed on the glass in a sintering mode, the color of the colored glaze layer is maintained for a long time and has high reliability, so that the colored embossed glazed glass still has a good colorization effect under the condition that the colored photovoltaic module is used for a long time, and the colorization effect of the colored photovoltaic module is high in durability.

In a possible implementation, the at least one embossing structure is a cone-like structure or a pyramid-like structure. Each embossing structure can be an embossing structure with the same shape or an embossing structure with different shapes, and the actual application is the standard.

In one possible implementation, the colored glaze layer may be a planar colored glaze layer.

In a possible implementation manner, the colored glaze layer is a patterned colored glaze layer. At the moment, when sunlight irradiates the color photovoltaic module, the loss of the sunlight can be reduced, the utilization rate of the photovoltaic cell to the sunlight is increased, and the power generation capacity of the color photovoltaic module is further improved.

In a possible implementation, when the colored glaze layer is a patterned colored glaze layer, the colored glaze layer has a plurality of closed patterns distributed in a lattice shape.

When the technical scheme is adopted, the color glaze layer can be used for ensuring that the color uniformity and the fineness displayed by the color photovoltaic module are higher. Meanwhile, when the plurality of closed patterns are distributed in a lattice manner, the colored glaze layer not only has higher light transmittance, but also can reduce the possibility of mismatch of the photovoltaic cells and improve the generating capacity of the photovoltaic cells.

In a possible implementation, the colored glaze layer covers an effective area S on the backlight surface₁＝(0.1～0.9)S_t，S_tIs the area of the backlight surface.

When the technical scheme is adopted, the colored glaze layer covers 10% -90% of the backlight surface, so that the loss of the colored glaze layer to light can be reduced, and the colored photovoltaic module not only has a good colorization effect, but also has high power generation efficiency.

In a possible implementation mode, when the colored glaze layer has a plurality of closed patterns distributed in a lattice shape, the effective coverage area of each closed pattern on the backlight surface is less than 78.5mm²。

When the technical scheme is adopted, the colored glaze layer is uniformly distributed on the backlight surface, the enamel distribution uniformity contained in the colored glaze layer can be ensured to be higher, and the color uniformity displayed by the colored photovoltaic module is further improved. On the basis, when the colored glaze layer covers 10% -90% of the backlight surface, the color displayed by the colored photovoltaic module can be ensured to be uniform and fine, and the generating efficiency is higher.

In a possible implementation manner, the patterned colored glaze layer is a mesh-shaped colored glaze layer. In this case, the colored glaze layer is a mesh-like colored glaze layer formed on the back surface. The reticular colored glaze layer is provided with a plurality of first hollow parts which are distributed in a lattice shape. The pattern of each first hollow-out part is a closed pattern.

When the technical scheme is adopted, the light reflected by the reticular colored glaze layer is substantially uniformly distributed in the colored light beams of a plurality of basic colored light beams (the color of the basic colored light beams is determined by the color of the light irradiated on the colored photovoltaic module through the light beams of the first hollow part). After the light is homogenized through the embossing structure, the color uniformity and the fineness and softness displayed by the color photovoltaic module can be further improved.

When the effective coverage area of each first hollow-out part on the backlight surface is less than 78.5mm²Each basic color beam distributed in the color beam is smaller, so that the color influence of the basic color beam on the color beam can be effectively reduced, and the color purity is further improved.

In one possible implementation, the patterned colored glaze layer includes a plurality of colored glaze dots. At this time, the colored glaze layer comprises a plurality of colored glaze points distributed on the backlight surface in a lattice shape. The pattern of the colored glaze points is a closed pattern.

When the technical scheme is adopted, the light reflected by each colored glaze point is a basic color light beam containing a plurality of colored light beams (the basic color light beam is a light beam passing through the space between two adjacent colored glaze points, and the color of the basic color light beam is determined according to the color of the light irradiating the colored photovoltaic module). Under the dodging action of the embossing structure, the basic color beams and the color beams can be homogenized, so that the color uniformity, the fineness and the softness of the color displayed by the color photovoltaic module are further improved. Meanwhile, when the plurality of colored glaze points are distributed on the backlight surface of the light-transmitting plate in a lattice shape, gaps are formed among the plurality of colored glaze points, so that the photovoltaic cell assembly can be ensured to have higher light utilization rate, and the power generation efficiency of the colored photovoltaic assembly is improved.

When each color glaze point is in the back light surface, the effective coverage area is less than 78.5mm²And each colored light beam distributed in the basic colored light beam is smaller, so that the embossing structure can homogenize light more easily, and the color uniformity and fineness displayed by the photovoltaic cell component are further improved. In addition, when each color glaze point is in the effective coverage area of the back light surface less than 78.5mm²Can further reduce the colored glazeThe layer is used for reducing the loss of light, and the power generation efficiency is improved.

In a possible implementation manner, the black back plate may be black glazed glass, black patterned glass or a back plate with a black composite film.

When the black back plate is made of black glazed glass, the black glaze layer of the black glazed glass has higher durability and reliability. Under the condition that colored photovoltaic module used for a long time, the colour of black glaze-plating backplate still had higher uniformity with photovoltaic cell's colour, consequently, the utility model provides a color purity that colored photovoltaic module demonstrates receives the influence of time factor less, has higher persistence and stability.

When the black back plate is the black patterned glass, the patterned structure of the black patterned glass can further play a role in light uniformization, so that the light fineness is better.

In one possible implementation, the black back plate includes a back substrate and a black layer. The black layer is formed as a black layer on the back substrate. The black layer can reduce the color interference of the back substrate to the color photovoltaic cell, and further ensure the color purity of the color photovoltaic cell.

In one possible implementation, the black layer is formed on a light-facing surface of the back substrate. Namely, the black layer is formed on the surface of the back substrate facing the photovoltaic cell, so that the loss of the black layer caused by the external environment is avoided, the stability and the reliability of the black layer are improved, and the possibility of color fading of the black layer along with the increase of the service time is reduced.

In one possible implementation, the black layer is a planar black layer. The planar black layer can reduce the influence of the color of the black back plate on the color displayed by the color photovoltaic module to the maximum extent so as to further improve the color purity displayed by the color photovoltaic module.

In a possible implementation manner, when the black layer is a grid-shaped black layer, the black layer has at least one second hollow portion. The photovoltaic cell includes at least one subcell. The projection of each sub-battery on the light-facing surface of the back substrate is positioned in the corresponding second hollow-out part.

When the technical scheme is adopted, the area of the black layer without the second hollow part can be filled with the area which is not covered by the projection of the sub-battery, so that the area of the black layer formed by the back substrate is reduced under the condition that the black back plate is still integrated with the color photovoltaic, and the manufacturing cost of the color photovoltaic module is further reduced.

In a possible implementation manner, when the projection of each sub-cell on the light-facing surface of the back substrate is located in the corresponding second hollow-out portion, the back substrate is a light-transmitting back substrate, and the photovoltaic cell may be a double-sided photovoltaic cell.

According to the technical scheme, the light rays such as stray light on the back of the color photovoltaic module can also penetrate through the light-transmitting back substrate and the second hollow-out part to emit to the corresponding sub-battery, so that the photovoltaic battery can perform double-sided power generation, and the light utilization rate of the color photovoltaic module is further improved.

In one possible implementation, the photovoltaic cell has a light reflecting portion. At the moment, the color photovoltaic module is easy to cause the glare problem due to the reflection of light by the light reflecting part. Based on this, this colored photovoltaic module still includes the black insulating shelter portion of suppression reflection of light portion. The black insulating shielding part can be formed on the light reflecting part, so that the problem of glare of the color photovoltaic module caused by the light reflecting part is reduced or eliminated, and the visual effect of the color photovoltaic module is improved.

In one possible implementation manner, the light reflecting portion may include at least one of a gate line, an interconnection bar, and a bus bar.

In a possible implementation manner, the black insulating shielding portion may be a finished black insulating strip such as an EPE composite film (EVA/PET/EVA) that can play an insulating property. Of course, the black insulating shielding part can also be a black insulating adhesive strip to simplify the assembly process of the photovoltaic cell assembly.

In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system comprises the color photovoltaic module described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

The benefits of the photovoltaic system provided by the second aspect may be obtained from the benefits of the colored photovoltaic modules described with reference to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are described herein, serve to provide a further understanding of the invention and constitute a part of this specification, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are provided for explaining the invention without unduly limiting it. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a color photovoltaic module according to the related art;

fig. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a color photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 illustrates another basic structural diagram of a color photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic view of a structure of the patterned colored glaze layer of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 illustrates another schematic structural view of the patterned colored glaze layer of FIG. 3;

fig. 6 illustrates an implementation structure diagram of a color photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 illustrates another structure diagram of the color photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a gridding black layer in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a spatial position relationship diagram of the gridding black layer and the sub-battery in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to illustrate the present invention in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a color photovoltaic module in the related art. As shown in fig. 1, the related art color photovoltaic module 100 includes a light-transmitting plate 110, color photovoltaic cells 130, and a back plate 120. The color photovoltaic cells 130 are disposed between the light-transmitting panel 110 and the back-sheet 120.

For convenience of description, as shown in fig. 1, a surface of the light-transmitting plate 110 facing away from the color photovoltaic cell 130 is defined as a light-facing surface of the light-transmitting plate, and a surface of the light-transmitting plate 110 facing toward the color photovoltaic cell 130 is defined as a backlight surface of the light-transmitting plate. The surface of the back sheet 120 facing the color photovoltaic cells 130 is defined as the light-facing surface of the back sheet, and the surface of the back sheet 120 facing away from the color photovoltaic cells 130 is defined as the backlight surface of the back sheet. And, regardless of the kind of the color photovoltaic cells 130, the surfaces of the color photovoltaic cells 130 facing the light-transmitting plate 110 are defined as light-facing surfaces of the photovoltaic cells, and the surfaces of the color photovoltaic cells 130 facing the back plate 120 are defined as backlight surfaces of the photovoltaic cells.

As shown in fig. 1, since the color of the silicon nitride layer included in the color photovoltaic cell 130 varies with the thickness, the thickness of the silicon nitride layer included in the color photovoltaic cell 130 may be controlled such that the silicon nitride displays the color required by the color photovoltaic cell 130, so as to ensure that the color photovoltaic cell 130 can be applied to the BIPV application scenario.

The inventor finds that, as shown in fig. 1, defects such as large color deviation and low color purity often occur in the color exhibited by the colored photovoltaic module 100, so that the color visual effect of the colored photovoltaic module 100 is poor and is difficult to be perfectly integrated with a building. Meanwhile, when the thickness of the silicon nitride layer included in the color photovoltaic cell 130 is controlled, the silicon nitride displays the color required by the color photovoltaic cell 130, and the antireflection function of the silicon nitride is reduced, so that the light loss of the color photovoltaic module is large, and the power generation efficiency is low.

To the above problem, the embodiment of the utility model provides a colored photovoltaic module. According to different installation modes, the color photovoltaic module can be applied to a component type BIPV system and can also be applied to a support type BIPV system and other BIPV systems. According to different application scenes, the BIPV system can be various BIPV systems such as a BIPV curtain wall, a BIPV roof and the like. Of course, it is understood that the color photovoltaic module of the present invention is not limited to be used in a BIPV system, and may be used in other suitable applications.

Fig. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a color photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 illustrates another basic structural schematic diagram of a color photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, a color photovoltaic module 200 provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a light-transmitting plate 210, a photovoltaic cell 230, and a black back plate 220. The photovoltaic cell 230 is disposed between the light-transmitting plate 210 and the black back-plate 220. It is understood that the light-transmitting sheet 210 may be bonded to the photovoltaic cells 230 using various bonding substances, and the black back sheet 220 may also be bonded to the photovoltaic cells 230 using various bonding substances. Such bonding substances include, but are not limited to, EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer).

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the light-transmitting plate 210 has a light-facing surface and a backlight surface. The light-transmitting plate 210 comprises an embossed structure 211 at the light-facing side and a colored glaze layer 212 at the backlight side.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the embossed structure 211 can have a light-homogenizing effect, so that the color photovoltaic module has a softer and finer visual effect. In addition, the embossing structure 211 can also homogenize sunlight emitted to the photovoltaic cell, so as to fully exert the photovoltaic performance of each region of the photovoltaic cell. The embossed structure 210 may have a regular structure such as a conical structure, a pyramidal structure, or an irregular structure. The pyramid-shaped structure can be a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid, a hexagonal pyramid, or the like. It should be understood that each embossing structure may be an embossing structure with the same shape, or an embossing structure with different shapes, depending on the actual application.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the color of the colored glaze layer 212 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of yellow, blue, red, black and white. That is, when the colored glaze layer 212 contains one color, the colored glaze layer 212 can make the colored photovoltaic device 200 display a pure color. When the colored glaze layer 212 contains at least two colors, the matching of the two colors can also make human eyes feel pure color.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the glaze layer 212 is located on the back surface of the light-transmitting plate 210, the glaze layer 212 is located on the surface of the light-transmitting plate 210 facing the photovoltaic cell 230. At this time, the colored glaze layer 212 can realize colorization of the colored photovoltaic module, and can effectively avoid the loss of the external environment to the colored glaze layer 212 (such as the colored glaze layer corroded by external ultraviolet rays, water vapor and the like), improve the stability and reliability of the colored glaze layer 212, and reduce the possibility of color fading caused by the increase of the service time of the colored glaze layer 212. By verification, the pure-color photovoltaic module can be seen by observing the color photovoltaic module at a distance of more than 2 meters, and the color is uniform, soft and fine.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, since the color photovoltaic module 200 is colored by the colored glaze layer 212 of the light-transmitting plate 210, the photovoltaic cells 230 between the light-transmitting plate 210 and the black back plate 220 do not need to be color photovoltaic cells, as long as high light utilization rate is ensured. Based on this, the photovoltaic cell 230 can be various common photovoltaic cells, including but not limited to crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, thin film or heterojunction cell, etc. Moreover, the silicon nitride thickness that this photovoltaic cell 230 contains can only consider how to reduce light loss and need not to consider how to realize the photovoltaic cell colourization to guarantee photovoltaic cell 230's light utilization ratio, and then promote the generating efficiency, consequently, the embodiment of the utility model provides a colored photovoltaic module can ensure that photovoltaic cell has higher light utilization ratio, and then improves the generating efficiency.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when sunlight irradiates the color photovoltaic module 200, the embossed structures 211 homogenize the sunlight and transmit the sunlight through the light-transmitting plate 210 to the photovoltaic cells 230, and the photovoltaic cells 230 convert the light energy contained in the sunlight into photocurrent to generate electricity. In the process, the embossing structure 211 can ensure the uniformity of light rays emitted to the photovoltaic cell 230, reduce the possibility of mismatch of the photovoltaic cell, and improve the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic cell. Meanwhile, since the black back-sheet 220 reflects little or no light, the color of the photovoltaic cell 230 is close to that of the black back-sheet 220, so that the black back-sheet 220 can be integrated with the photovoltaic cell 230. At this time, when the color of the black back sheet 220 and the color of the photovoltaic cell 230 are used as the background color of the color photovoltaic module 200, the color photovoltaic module 200 can be ensured to display a color with higher purity. On this basis, the color photovoltaic module 200 can also homogenize the light by means of the embossing structure 211 of the light-transmitting plate 210, so that the color displayed by the color photovoltaic module 200 is uniform, soft and fine, and has good color visual experience.

From top to bottom, the embodiment of the utility model provides a colored photovoltaic module 200 realizes colorized visual effect with the help of the colored glaze layer 212 that is located light-passing board 210 for photovoltaic cell 230 that is located between light-passing board 210 and the black backplate 220 need not for colored photovoltaic cell, can guarantee like this that it has high light utilization ratio, consequently, the utility model provides a colored photovoltaic module 200 can ensure that photovoltaic cell 230 has higher light utilization ratio, and then improves the generating efficiency. Since the black back plate 230 reflects light almost or not, the color of the photovoltaic cell 230 is darker, so that the black back plate 220 can be integrated with the photovoltaic cell 230 to shield the photovoltaic cell 230, and the interference capability of the black back plate 220 and the photovoltaic cell 230 on the color of the color photovoltaic module 200 is weakened, thereby improving the color purity exhibited by the color photovoltaic module 200. On this basis, the colored photovoltaic module 200 can also scatter the light emitted from the black back plate 220 and the photovoltaic cell 230 to a certain extent by means of the embossing structure 211 of the light-transmitting plate 210, so as to further weaken the imaging effect and enable the color displayed by the colored photovoltaic module to be more uniform, softer and finer.

Through the above analysis, it can be found that the colored photovoltaic module 200 illustrated in fig. 2 and 3 has high power generation efficiency and colorization effect, so as to meet the requirement of BIPV on the appearance of the photovoltaic module.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the light-transmitting plate 210 may be plated with an anti-reflection layer, or may not be plated with an anti-reflection layer. When the light-transmitting plate 210 is coated with the anti-reflective layer, the anti-reflective layer (not shown in fig. 2) may be formed on the light-facing surface of the light-transmitting plate 210 to improve the light utilization rate and the power generation efficiency. At this time, the embossed structure 211 and the anti-reflection layer are stacked, and the upper and lower positional relationship may be determined according to practical situations, and is not further limited.

As a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the light-transmitting plate 210 may be made of photovoltaic glass suitable for the photovoltaic field, as for the material of the light-transmitting plate 210. The photovoltaic glass may include, but is not limited to, patterned glass such as ultra-white patterned glass or ordinary patterned glass. The photovoltaic glass may include, but is not limited to, a drawn flat glass (both grooved and non-grooved), a flat drawn flat glass, a float glass, etc., if it is processed. In the photovoltaic strengthened type, the photovoltaic glass can include unreinforced glass or strengthened glass. The tempered glass includes, but is not limited to, tempered glass such as physically tempered glass (generally, quench-tempered glass), chemically tempered glass (generally, glass treated with a chemical agent), and the like. These physically tempered glasses can be classified into tempered glasses and semi-tempered glasses according to the degree of tempering.

In an example, the colored glaze layer of the colored embossed glazed glass can be formed on the glass in a sintering manner, the color of the colored glaze layer is maintained for a longer time and has higher reliability, so that the colored embossed glazed glass still has good colorizing effect under the condition that the colored photovoltaic module is used for a longer time, and the colorizing effect of the colored photovoltaic module is higher in durability.

As a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in order to ensure the light utilization efficiency, the colored glaze layer 212 has a backlight surface effective coverage area S on the light-transmitting plate 210₁＝(0.1～0.9)S_t，S_tIs the backlight surface area of the light-transmitting plate 21. The effective coverage area refers to the area of colored glaze layer 212 that actually contacts the backlight surface.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the glaze layer 212 covers the effective area S of the back surface of the transparent plate 210₁＝(0.1～0.9)S_tThe colored glaze layer effectively covers 10% -90% of the backlight surface of the light-transmitting plate 210, so that the loss of the colored glaze layer 210 to light can be reduced, and the colored photovoltaic module 200 not only has a good colorization effect, but also has high power generation efficiency.

When the color photovoltaic module is mainly suitable for BIPV scenes with higher requirements on power generation capacity, S₁＝0.1S_t、 S₁＝0.3S_t. When the color photovoltaic module is mainly suitable for BIPV scenes with higher appearance requirements, S₁＝0.7S_t、 S₁＝0.8S_tOr S₁＝0.9S_t. When the color photovoltaic module is mainly suitable for BIPV scenes with higher requirements on appearance and power generation capacity, S₁＝0.5S_tOr S₁＝0.7S_t。

As one possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the colored glaze layer 212 may be a planar colored glaze layer as shown in fig. 2, or may be a patterned colored glaze layer as shown in fig. 3. When the colored glaze layer is the patterned colored glaze layer shown in fig. 3, and sunlight irradiates the colored photovoltaic module 200, the loss of the sunlight can be reduced, the possibility of mismatch of photovoltaic cells is reduced, and the power generation amount of the colored photovoltaic module 200 is further improved.

In an alternative, as shown in fig. 3, for the patterned colored glaze layer, the colored glaze layer 212 has a plurality of closed patterns distributed in a lattice shape. The closed pattern may exist in various forms within colored glaze layer 212. However, in any case, when the plurality of closed patterns are distributed in a lattice manner, the color glaze layer 212 can ensure that the color displayed by the color photovoltaic module has higher uniformity and fineness. Meanwhile, when the plurality of closed patterns are distributed in a lattice manner, the colored glaze layer 212 not only has high light transmittance, but also can reduce the possibility of mismatch of the photovoltaic cell 230 and improve the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic cell.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the size of each closed pattern and the distribution density of the pattern can be controlled to be higher, so as to improve the color uniformity and the fineness and softness exhibited by the color photovoltaic module 200. Based on this, the effective coverage area of each closed pattern on the backlight surface of the light-transmitting plate 210 is less than 78.5mm²The distribution uniformity of enamel contained in the colored glaze layer 212 can be ensured to be higher, and the color uniformity displayed by the colored photovoltaic module 200 can be further improved. On this basis, when the colored glaze layer 212 covers 10% -90% of the backlight surface of the light-transmitting plate 210, the color displayed by the colored photovoltaic module 200 can be ensured to be uniform and fine, and the power generation efficiency is higher.

The shape of the closed pattern can be at least one or a combination of regular shapes such as a circle, a square, a diamond, a triangle and the like, can also be one or a combination of irregular shapes, and can also be a pattern formed by one or more regular shapes and one or more irregular shapes.

In one example, fig. 4 illustrates a schematic structural view of the patterned colored glaze layer of fig. 3. As shown in fig. 4, the patterned colored glaze layer is a mesh-shaped colored glaze layer. In this case, glaze layer 212 is a mesh glaze layer formed on the back surface. The reticular colored glaze layer is provided with a plurality of first hollow parts a which are distributed in a lattice shape. Each of the first hollowed-out portions a may form a closed pattern. For example: when the patterned colored glaze layer has a circular closed pattern, each first hollow-out portion a of the mesh-shaped colored glaze layer has a circular shape, and each first hollow-out portion a has a circular shape. At this time, the area of the mesh-shaped colored glaze layer actually contacting the backlight surface is the area without the first hollow portion a.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in view of the colorization principle of the color photovoltaic module 200, the following are provided: the colored glaze layer 212 reflects colored light so that the colored photovoltaic module 200 exhibits a colorized visual effect. Based on this, the light reflected by the mesh-shaped colored glaze layer is substantially a colored light beam in which a plurality of basic color light beams (light beams passing through the first hollow portion, the color of the basic color light beams being determined by the color of the light irradiated on the colored photovoltaic module) are uniformly distributed. After the light is homogenized by the embossing structure 211, the basic color light beams and the color light beams can be uniformly mixed, so that the color uniformity, fineness and softness displayed by the color photovoltaic module 200 are further improved.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, when the effective coverage area of the back light surface of each first hollow-out portion a in the light-transmitting plate 210 is less than 78.5mm²Each basic color beam distributed in the color beam is smaller, and the embossing structure 211 mixes the basic color beam and the color beam more easily, so that the light mixing effect of the embossing structure 211 is better, the color influence of the basic color beam on the color beam is effectively reduced, and the color purity is further improved. On the basis, the net-shaped colored glaze layer effectively covers the area S on the backlight surface of the light-transmitting plate 210₁＝(0.1～0.9)S_tThe first hollow-out part a has a relatively high density and is small enough in the mesh-shaped colored glaze layerTherefore, the color photovoltaic module 200 can be ensured to have higher light utilization rate and power generation efficiency, and the influence of basic color beams on the color beams can be reduced, so that the color uniformity, fineness and softness displayed by the color photovoltaic module 200 are improved.

In another example, FIG. 5 illustrates another structural schematic view of the patterned colored glaze layer of FIG. 3. As shown in fig. 5, the patterned colored glaze layer includes a plurality of colored glaze dots b. In this case, the colored glaze layer 212 includes a plurality of colored glaze dots b distributed in a lattice shape on the backlight surface. The plurality of colored glaze dots b are isolated from each other. The patterns of the plurality of colored glaze dots b are all the foregoing closed patterns. For example: when the patterned colored glaze layer has a closed pattern of a circle, the colored glaze dots b are substantially circular colored glaze dots.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, in view of the colorization principle of the colored photovoltaic module 200, the following are provided: the colored glaze layer 212 reflects colored light so that the colored photovoltaic module 200 exhibits a colorized visual effect. Based on this, the light reflected by each colored glaze point b is substantially a basic color light beam containing a plurality of colored light beams (the basic color light beam is a light beam passing through the space between two adjacent colored glaze points, and the color of the basic color light beam is determined according to the color of the light irradiated on the colored photovoltaic module). Under the dodging effect of the embossed structure 211, the basic color beams and the color beams can be homogenized to further improve the color uniformity and the fineness and softness exhibited by the color photovoltaic module 200. Meanwhile, when the plurality of colored glaze points b are distributed in a lattice shape on the backlight surface of the light-transmitting plate 210, gaps can be formed among the plurality of colored glaze points b to ensure that the photovoltaic cell 230 assembly has a high light utilization rate, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the colored photovoltaic assembly 200.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, when each color glaze point b has a backlight surface with an effective coverage area less than 78.5mm in the light-transmitting plate 210²Each color beam distributed in the basic color beam is smaller. At this time, the embossing structure 211 not only makes it easier to homogenize the light, so as to further improve the color uniformity and fineness and softness exhibited by the photovoltaic cell assembly 200, but also further reduce the loss of the color glaze layer 212 to the lightThe light utilization rate of the photovoltaic cell is improved, and the power generation efficiency is increased.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the color glaze points b may be as dense as possible in order to ensure that the color effect is relatively high. For example: when each color glaze point b has a backlight surface with an effective coverage area less than 78.5mm in the light-transmitting plate 210²The colored glaze layer 212 covers the effective area S on the back surface of the transparent plate 210₁＝(0.1～0.9)S_tIn the process, the distribution density of the color glaze points b in the light-transmitting plate 210 is higher and small enough, so that the color photovoltaic module 200 can be ensured to have higher light utilization rate and power generation efficiency, and the influence of basic color light beams transmitted by gaps of adjacent color glaze points b on the color light beams can be reduced, thereby improving the color uniformity and the fineness and softness displayed by the color photovoltaic module 200.

As a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the black back plate 220 may be black glazed glass, black patterned glass, or a back plate with a black composite film.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the black back plate 220 is made of black glazed glass, the black glaze layer of the black glazed glass has high durability and reliability. Under colored photovoltaic module 200 used the condition of longer, the colour of black glaze-plated backplate still has higher uniformity with photovoltaic cell's colour, consequently, the embodiment of the utility model provides a color purity that colored photovoltaic module 200 demonstrates receives the influence of time factor less, has higher persistence and stability.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, when the black back plate 220 is black patterned glass, the patterned structure of the black patterned glass can further perform a light uniformizing function, so that the light fineness is better. In this case, one or more embossments of the black patterned glass may have a regular structure such as a conical structure or a pyramidal structure, or may have an irregular structure. The pyramid-shaped structure can be a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid, a hexagonal pyramid, or the like. It should be understood that each embossing structure may be an embossing structure with the same shape, or an embossing structure with different shapes, depending on the actual application.

Fig. 6 illustrates an implementation structure diagram of a color photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 illustrates another structure diagram for implementing the color photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the black back plate 220 includes a back substrate 221 and a black layer 222 according to functional division. The black layer 222 is formed on the back substrate 221. The black layer 222 can reduce the color interference of the back substrate 221 to the color photovoltaic cells 230, thereby ensuring the color purity of the color photovoltaic cells 230.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the black layer 222 may be formed on the backlight surface of the back substrate 221, or may be formed on the light-facing surface of the back substrate. When the black layer 222 is formed on the light-facing surface of the back substrate, the black layer 222 is protected by the back substrate 221, so that the black layer can be prevented from being worn by the external environment, the stability and reliability of the black layer 222 can be improved, and the possibility of color fading of the black layer 222 along with the increase of the service time can be reduced.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the back substrate 221 may be an embossed substrate or an unembossed substrate such as photovoltaic glass or other polymer substrates suitable for the photovoltaic field, in terms of the material of the back substrate 221.

The photovoltaic glass may include, but is not limited to, a patterned glass such as ultra-white patterned glass or general patterned glass. Photovoltaic glass, if processed, may include, but is not limited to, drawn flat glass (both grooved and non-grooved), flat drawn flat glass, float glass, and the like. The polymer substrate can be various polymer light-transmitting plates. For example: and polymer back sheets such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) back sheet and a polyolefin back sheet. It is to be understood that the polymeric substrate may also have an embossed structure under some conditions. Only the embossing process is different from the photovoltaic glass and needs to be determined according to specific materials.

In the photovoltaic strengthening type, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the back substrate 221 may include, but is not limited to, a strengthened substrate such as a physically strengthened substrate, a chemically strengthened substrate, or an unreinforced substrate. These physically tempered substrates can be classified into tempered substrates and semi-tempered substrates according to the degree of tempering. It is understood that the photovoltaic glass can be strengthened by quenching or chemical treatment. The polymer substrate can be strengthened by chemical treatment.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in order to improve the weather resistance of the color photovoltaic module 200, the black back sheet 220 further includes a weather-resistant layer (not shown) provided on the backlight surface of the back substrate 221. For example: when the back substrate 221 is a polymer substrate, the weather-resistant layer has an anti-ultraviolet effect, so that the corrosion of ultraviolet rays to the organic back plate can be reduced, the weather resistance of the organic back plate is improved, and the service life of the organic back plate is prolonged. Of course, if the back substrate 221 is photovoltaic glass. The weather-resistant layer may be provided on the backlight surface of the photovoltaic glass serving as the back substrate 221. At this time, the weather-resistant layer is provided on the backlight surface (surface facing away from the photovoltaic cell) of the back substrate. The weatherable layer may include at least one or more of a polyvinyl fluoride film (abbreviated PVF), Polyvinylidene fluoride (abbreviated PVDF), chlorotrifluoroethylene (abbreviated CTFE), perfluoroethylene (abbreviated TFE), weatherable fluorine coating. When the weather-resistant layer contains a plurality of materials, these materials may be mixed together to form the weather-resistant layer, or may be separately formed into a weather-resistant film and then laminated on the back surface of the organic substrate.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the black layer 222 is a black reflective film, a black insulating layer, or a black glaze layer, as the material of the black layer 222, but is not limited thereto. It should be understood that the light-facing surface of the back substrate 221 is the plate surface of the back substrate 221 facing the photovoltaic cell 230.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the black layer 222 is a black glaze layer, the black back plate 220 is substantially black glazed glass. The black enamel of the black glazed glass is formed on the glass in a sintering way, so that the color of the black enamel is maintained for a long time and has higher reliability. Based on this, under the condition that colored photovoltaic module 200 used for a longer time, the colour of black glaze-plated backplate still had higher uniformity with photovoltaic cell 230's colour, consequently, the embodiment of the utility model provides a color purity that colored photovoltaic module 200 demonstrates receives the influence of time factor less, has higher persistence and stability.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the black layer 222 is a black reflective film, the black reflective film can not only reduce the influence of the back substrate 221 on the color purity exhibited by the color photovoltaic cell 230, but also enable the photovoltaic chip to generate electricity by using the light reflected by the black reflective film, so as to further increase the sunlight utilization rate and improve the power generation efficiency.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the black layer 222 is a black composite film, the black composite film may be a finished black organic film such as an EPE composite film (a composite film formed of EVA/PET/EVA) that can have insulating properties. Of course, a black organic thin film may be formed on the back substrate 221 using a film forming apparatus, a spin coating process, or the like.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the black layer 222 is a black adhesive layer, the black adhesive layer can not only blacken the back substrate 221 to make the color purity of the color photovoltaic module 200 higher, but also bond the back substrate 221 and the photovoltaic cell 230 together without the adhesive layer. In other words, when the black layer 222 is a black adhesive layer, the thickness of the color photovoltaic cell 230 can be further reduced, which is beneficial to the thinning of the color photovoltaic cell 230.

Structurally, the black layer 222 may be a planar black layer as shown in fig. 6, and the black layer 222 may be a mesh-shaped black layer as shown in fig. 6.

As shown in fig. 6, when the black layer 222 is a planar black layer, the black back plane 220 is a full black back plane. The planar black layer can maximally reduce the influence of the color of the black back sheet 220 on the color displayed by the color photovoltaic module 200, so as to further improve the color purity displayed by the color photovoltaic module 200.

As shown in fig. 7, when the black layer 222 is a grid-shaped black layer, the black layer 222 has at least one second hollow portion 222 a. The photovoltaic Cell 230 includes at least one sub-Cell. The projection of each sub-Cell on the light-facing surface of the rear substrate 221 is located in the corresponding second hollow portion 222 a. In this case, the at least one second hollow portion 222a of the black layer 222 can reduce the area of the black layer 222 formed on the back substrate 221, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the color photovoltaic module 200. Meanwhile, the area of the black layer 222 without the second hollow-out portion 222a (i.e. the black grid 222b) can be filled in the area not covered by the projection of the sub-Cell, so as to ensure that the area of the black layer 222 formed on the back substrate 221 is reduced under the condition that the black back plate 220 is still integrated with the photovoltaic Cell, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the color photovoltaic module 200.

In an example, as shown in fig. 7, the projection of each sub-Cell on the light-facing surface of the back substrate 221 is completely overlapped with the second hollow-out portion 222a, so that the area of the back substrate 221 that is not covered by the sub-Cell is covered by the black layer 222, thereby avoiding the problem of abnormal local background color caused by poor covering, and improving the color purity exhibited by the color photovoltaic module 200. It should be understood that the shape of the second hollow-out portion 222a may match the shape of the corresponding sub-Cell, so that the projection of each sub-Cell on the light-facing surface of the back substrate 221 completely coincides with the second hollow-out portion 222 a.

As shown in fig. 7, when the photovoltaic Cell 230 includes a plurality of sub-cells Cell, the sub-cells Cell may have a grid distribution.

Fig. 8 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of the gridding black layer in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the black layer 222 has 6 second hollow portions 222a distributed in a grid manner and a black grid 222b without the second hollow portions 222 a.

Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a spatial position relationship between the gridding black layer and the sub-cell in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the photovoltaic Cell 230 includes 6 sub-cells Cell. One Cell is distributed in each second hollow-out portion 222 a. The areas of the back substrate 221 that are not covered by the Cell are covered by the black mesh 222 b.

As shown in fig. 7 to 9, when the photovoltaic cell 230 is a bifacial photovoltaic cell, the back substrate 221 is a light-transmitting back substrate 221. When the projection of each sub-Cell on the light-facing surface of the back substrate 221 is located in the corresponding second hollow-out portion 222a, light rays such as stray light on the back surface of the color photovoltaic module 200 can also pass through the light-transmitting back substrate 221 and the second hollow-out portion 222a and be emitted to the corresponding sub-Cell, so that the color photovoltaic module 200 has a double-sided power generation function, and the light utilization rate of the color photovoltaic module 200 is further improved.

As shown in fig. 7 to 9, if the projection of each sub-Cell on the light-facing surface of the back substrate 221 is located in the corresponding second hollow-out portion 222a, the orthogonal projection of the gap between two adjacent sub-cells on the light-facing surface of the back substrate 221 overlaps with the area (black grid 222b) where the second hollow-out portion 222a is not opened in the black layer 222. At this time, although the back substrate 221 is a light-transmitting back substrate and the black layer 222 has the second hollow portion 222a, since the black layer 222 blocks the region of the back substrate 221 between two adjacent sub-cells, the black layer 222 can still normally reduce the color interference of the back substrate 221 to the color photovoltaic device 200, thereby ensuring the color purity exhibited by the color photovoltaic device 200.

As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the back substrate 221 may be plated with or without an anti-reflective layer. When the back substrate 221 is plated with the anti-reflective layer, the anti-reflective layer is formed on the backlight surface of the black back plate 220. At this time, the anti-reflective layer may reduce the light reflectivity of the light emitted to the Cell through the back substrate 221 and the second hollow portion 222a, and reduce the light loss of the color photovoltaic device 200, thereby improving the light utilization rate and the power generation efficiency of the color photovoltaic device 200.

As one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 2-9, for the photovoltaic cell 230, the photovoltaic cell 230 may be composed of a plurality of cell strings with bus bars electrically connected together. The main grid lines of the battery pieces contained in each battery string can be electrically connected together by an interconnection bar. It should be understood that the electrical connection of the bus bars and the interconnection bars can be parallel connection or series connection, and is not limited herein, particularly based on the actual circuit diagram of the photovoltaic cells 230.

In the use process of the color photovoltaic module, as shown in fig. 2 to 9, the photovoltaic cell 230 reflects light seriously, which not only affects the color development effect, but also causes the glare problem. Based on this finding, the photovoltaic cell 230 described above has a light reflecting portion. The color photovoltaic module 200 further includes a black insulating barrier portion for suppressing reflection of light from the light reflecting portion. The black insulating barrier may be formed on the light reflecting portion so that the black insulating barrier may be fused with the photovoltaic cell 230 to reduce unwanted reflection of light. Thereby reducing or eliminating the glare problem of the color photovoltaic module 200 caused by the light reflecting part and improving the visual effect of the color photovoltaic module 200.

In practical applications, as shown in fig. 2 to 9, the black insulating shielding portion may be a black insulating strip made of black insulating materials such as the EPE composite film described in the second paragraph, so as to reduce glare of the color photovoltaic module 200 caused by reflection of the photovoltaic cell 230, and improve visual experience of a user. Of course, the black insulating barrier portion may be formed on the back substrate 221 by a film forming apparatus, a spin coating process, or the like. The black insulating shielding part can also be a black insulating bonding strip, so that the insulating shielding strip can be directly attached to the reflecting part in a bonding mode, and the assembly process of the color photovoltaic module 200 is simplified.

It is understood that, as shown in fig. 2 to 9, the light reflecting portion includes, but not limited to, the main grid line, the interconnection bar, the bus bar, and other structures for extracting the photocurrent, and also includes a region where the light of the photovoltaic cell 230 is reflected seriously. When the reflection of light portion welds the area for interconnection bar and busbar etc. insulating shielding portion can adopt the mode of parcel to wrap up respectively and weld the area to when reducing reflection of light possibility, reduce the parasitic capacitance who has between the nearer welding area of distance for parasitic capacitance is lower to the photocurrent interference that welds the area transmission, thereby improves the photocurrent stability that welds the area transmission.

As shown in fig. 7, in order to encapsulate the photovoltaic cell 230, the color photovoltaic module 200 further includes an encapsulation layer 240 encapsulating the photovoltaic cell 230. At this time, the encapsulation layer 240 is disposed between the light-transmissive plate 210 and the black back plate 220. The encapsulation layer 240 is bonded to the light-transmitting plate 210. The encapsulation layer 240 is bonded to the black back plane 220.

In some cases, as shown in fig. 2 to 7, the encapsulation layer 240 may be divided into two encapsulation layers, and the photovoltaic cell 230 is disposed between the two encapsulation layers, so that the photovoltaic cell 230 can be encapsulated by the encapsulation layers. In order to increase the colorization effect, the encapsulation layer 240 may be set as a color encapsulation layer under the condition that the light loss of the color photovoltaic device 200 is low, so that the color exhibited by the color photovoltaic device 200 is bright.

As shown in fig. 7, the encapsulation layer 240 may include, but is not limited to, EVA encapsulation layer, Polyolefin elastomer (POE) encapsulation layer, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) encapsulation layer, Thermoplastic Polyolefin (TPO) encapsulation layer, SGP (copolymer of ethylene and methacrylate) encapsulation layer, Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) encapsulation layer, and other resin encapsulation layers.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic system can be various photovoltaic systems which need to realize colorized appearance. These photovoltaic systems may be BIPV photovoltaic systems, but also other photovoltaic systems. The photovoltaic system includes the color photovoltaic module described in the above embodiment, and the beneficial effects thereof refer to the beneficial effects of the color photovoltaic module described above, which are not described herein again.

In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A color photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising a light-transmitting plate, a photovoltaic cell and a black back plate; the photovoltaic cell is arranged between the light-transmitting plate and the black back plate; the light-transmitting plate is provided with a light-facing surface and a backlight surface, and comprises an embossing structure and a colored glaze layer, wherein the embossing structure is positioned on the light-facing surface, and the colored glaze layer is positioned on the backlight surface.

2. The colored photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the colored glaze layer has a plurality of closed patterns distributed in a lattice shape.

3. The color photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein the color glaze layer has an effective coverage area S on the backlight surface₁＝(0.1～0.9)S_t，S_tIs the area of the backlight surface; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the effective coverage area of each closed pattern on the backlight surface is less than 78.5mm²。

4. The color photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the color glaze layer is a mesh color glaze layer formed on the backlight surface, the mesh color glaze layer has a plurality of first hollow-out portions forming a closed pattern, and the plurality of first hollow-out portions are distributed on the backlight surface in a lattice shape.

5. The color photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the color glaze layer comprises a plurality of color glaze points distributed on the back light surface in a lattice shape, and a pattern of the plurality of color glaze points is a closed pattern.

6. The colored photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the black back sheet is black glazed glass, black patterned glass or a back sheet with a black composite film.

7. The colored photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the black back sheet comprises a back substrate and a black layer formed on the back substrate, and the black layer is a planar black layer or a grid-shaped black layer.

8. The assembly according to claim 7, wherein when the black layer has at least one second hollow portion, the back substrate is a light-transmissive back substrate, the photovoltaic cell includes at least one sub-cell, and a projection of each sub-cell on a light-facing surface of the back substrate is located in the corresponding black layer.

9. The color photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the photovoltaic cell has a light reflecting portion, and the color photovoltaic module further comprises a black insulating barrier portion formed on the light reflecting portion; the light reflecting part is at least one of a grid line, an interconnection bar and a bus bar.

10. A photovoltaic system comprising the colored photovoltaic module defined in any one of claims 1 to 9.