CN212305039U - Optical encoder and motor - Google Patents
Optical encoder and motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN212305039U CN212305039U CN202020143139.2U CN202020143139U CN212305039U CN 212305039 U CN212305039 U CN 212305039U CN 202020143139 U CN202020143139 U CN 202020143139U CN 212305039 U CN212305039 U CN 212305039U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an optical encoder and a motor, wherein the optical encoder comprises an encoder bracket and a circuit board which sequentially pass through a rear shaft of the motor, and a grating component connected with the rear shaft which passes through the circuit board; the encoder bracket is fixed on a rear end cover of the motor, the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket, the grating component is fixed on a rear shaft of the motor and rotates along with the rear shaft of the motor, and a gap is reserved between the grating component and the circuit board; the grating assembly has code channel on its side opposite to the circuit board, and the circuit board has photoelectric element on its side opposite to the grating assembly. The utility model discloses an optical encoder simple structure is compact, can provide stable accurate encoder signal to because the circuit board passes the rear axle of motor, change the definite axiality during the installation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an optical encoder, concretely relates to optical encoder and motor.
Background
With the rapid development of industry and science and technology, automation technology becomes an important technology indispensable in various fields. The motor has wide application in the fields of automatic control and the like.
Correspondingly, the development of the automatic control technology gradually improves the performance requirements of the motor. For various industrial productions, precise control is required, which makes the motor face the problem of how to ensure the positioning accuracy when in operation.
At present, the purpose of ensuring the positioning accuracy is achieved by matching an encoder with a motor to work. In the motor, the angular displacement is converted into an electric signal by an encoder, and the motion parameter of the motor shaft is judged through the electric signal. The encoder can be divided into a photoelectric encoder, a magnetic encoder, an inductive encoder, a capacitive encoder and the like according to different detection principles, and the photoelectric encoder is widely applied to an automatic control technology due to the characteristics of simple structure, high metering precision, long service life and the like.
In the related art, the grating component and the circuit board are arranged in the support, the rear shaft of the motor penetrates through the encoder support to be connected with the grating component, the circuit board is arranged behind the grating component, and the circuit board is matched with the grating component to realize reflection-type photoelectric encoding.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides an optical encoder and motor, simple structure is compact, and convenient definite axiality during the installation can provide stable accurate coding signal.
The utility model provides an optical encoder, which is applied to a motor, wherein the motor comprises a motor body and a rear shaft extending outwards from a rear end cover of the motor body; the optical encoder comprises an encoder bracket and a circuit board which sequentially penetrate through the rear shaft, and a grating component fixedly connected with the rear shaft penetrating through the circuit board;
the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover, the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket, the grating assembly is fixedly connected to the rear shaft and rotates along with the rear shaft, and a gap is formed between the grating assembly and the circuit board;
and a code channel is arranged on one surface of the grating component opposite to the circuit board, and a photoelectric element is arranged on one surface of the circuit board opposite to the grating component.
Optionally, a side wall of a part of the edge of the encoder bracket protrudes upward, and the portion protruding upward of the side wall is higher than the position where the circuit board is arranged.
Optionally, a first connecting piece is arranged on the circuit board, a second connecting piece corresponding to the first connecting piece is arranged on the encoder bracket, and the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece;
the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece and comprises at least one of the following components:
the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively a first screw hole and a second screw hole, the optical encoder further comprises a first fixing screw, and the first fixing screw penetrates through the first screw hole and the second screw hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively a first pin hole and a second pin hole, the optical encoder further comprises a first pin, and the first pin penetrates through the first pin hole and the second pin hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first connecting piece is a first clamping groove, the second connecting piece is a first buckle, and the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the matching of the first clamping groove and the first buckle;
the first connecting piece is a second buckle, the second connecting piece is a second clamping groove, and the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the matching of the second clamping groove and the second buckle;
the first connecting piece is a third pin hole, the second connecting piece is a second pin, and the second pin penetrates through the third pin hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first connecting piece is a third pin, the second connecting piece is a fourth pin hole, and the third pin penetrates through the fourth pin hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket.
Optionally, the circuit board includes two first connecting members, the two first connecting members are disposed on two sides of the circuit board, or the circuit board includes three first connecting members, and the three first connecting members are distributed on the circuit board in a triangular manner.
Optionally, a first positioning element is arranged on the circuit board, a second positioning element corresponding to the first positioning element is arranged on the encoder bracket, and the circuit board is positioned on the encoder bracket by the first positioning element and the second positioning element;
the circuit board is positioned on the encoder bracket through the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece, and the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket through the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece comprises at least one of the following:
the first positioning piece is a first positioning clamping groove, the second positioning piece is a first positioning buckle, and the first positioning clamping groove is matched with the first positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first positioning piece is a second positioning buckle, the second positioning piece is a second positioning clamping groove, and the second positioning clamping groove is matched with the second positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first positioning piece is a first positioning column, the second positioning piece is a first positioning hole, and the first positioning column penetrates through the first positioning hole to realize the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first positioning piece is a second positioning hole, the second positioning piece is a second positioning column, and the second positioning column penetrates through the second positioning hole to realize positioning of the circuit board on the encoder support.
Optionally, the circuit board comprises two first positioning parts, the two first positioning parts are arranged on two opposite sides of the circuit board, or the circuit board comprises three first positioning parts, and the three first positioning parts are distributed in a triangular manner on the circuit board.
Optionally, a third connecting piece is arranged on the rear end cover, a fourth connecting piece corresponding to the third connecting piece is arranged on the encoder bracket, and the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece;
the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece and comprises at least one of the following components:
the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece are respectively a third screw hole and a fourth screw hole, the optical encoder further comprises a first fixing screw, and the first fixing screw penetrates through the third screw hole and the fourth screw hole to fix the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece are respectively a fifth pin hole and a sixth pin hole, the optical encoder further comprises a fourth pin, and the fourth pin penetrates through the fifth pin hole and the sixth pin hole to fix the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third connecting piece is a third clamping groove, the fourth connecting piece is a third buckle, and the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the matching of the third clamping groove and the third buckle;
the third connecting piece is a fourth buckle, the fourth connecting piece is a fourth clamping groove, and the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the matching of the fourth clamping groove and the fourth buckle;
the third connecting piece is a seventh pin hole, the fourth connecting piece is a fifth pin, and the fifth pin penetrates through the seventh pin hole to fix the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third connecting piece is a sixth pin, the fourth connecting piece is an eighth pin hole, and the sixth pin penetrates through the eighth pin hole to fix the encoder support on the rear end cover.
Optionally, the rear end cover comprises two third connecting pieces, the two third connecting pieces are arranged on two opposite sides of the rear end cover, or the rear end cover comprises three third connecting pieces, and the three third connecting pieces are distributed in a triangular mode on the rear end cover.
Optionally, a third positioning element is arranged on the rear end cover, a fourth positioning element corresponding to the third positioning element is arranged on the encoder bracket, and the encoder bracket is positioned on the rear end cover through the third positioning element and the fourth positioning element;
the encoder bracket is positioned on the rear end cover through the third positioning piece and the fourth positioning piece and comprises at least one of the following components:
the third positioning piece is a third positioning clamping groove, the fourth positioning piece is a third positioning buckle, and the third positioning clamping groove is matched with the third positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third positioning piece is a fourth positioning buckle, the fourth positioning piece is a fourth positioning clamping groove, and the fourth positioning clamping groove is matched with the fourth positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third positioning piece is a third positioning column, the fourth positioning piece is a third positioning hole, and the third positioning column penetrates through the third positioning hole to realize the positioning of the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third positioning part is a fourth positioning hole, the fourth positioning part is a fourth positioning column, and the fourth positioning column penetrates through the fourth positioning hole to realize positioning of the encoder support on the rear end cover.
Optionally, the rear end cover comprises two third positioning parts, the two third positioning parts are arranged on two sides of the rear end cover oppositely, or the rear end cover comprises three third positioning parts, and the three third positioning parts are distributed in a triangular manner on the rear end cover.
Optionally, a distance between the grating assembly and the circuit board is greater than or equal to 0.15mm and less than or equal to 3 mm.
Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the encoder bracket is larger than the cross-sectional areas of the circuit board and the grating assembly, respectively.
Optionally, 13, the grating assembly includes a reflection disc and a structural member, the reflection disc and the structural member are bonded and combined, and a rear shaft of the motor passes through the reflection disc and is connected to the structural member;
the rear shaft of the motor comprises a rear shaft body and a connecting part;
the connecting part is positioned at the tail end of a rear shaft of the motor, and the outer diameter of the connecting part is smaller than that of the rear shaft body;
the structure includes the motor connecting hole, the internal diameter of motor connecting hole with the external diameter of coupling part is the same, the coupling part penetrates the motor connecting hole of structure.
Optionally, the length of the connecting portion of the rear axle is not less than the depth of the motor connecting hole of the structural member.
Optionally, the structural member of the grating assembly comprises at least one clamping screw hole;
the clamping screw hole is used for arranging a clamping screw, and the clamping screw is in contact with the connecting part of the rear shaft so as to clamp and fix the connecting part of the rear shaft and the grating assembly.
On the other hand, the utility model provides a motor, including the main part, certainly the rear axle that motor body's rear end cap outwards extended and as above optical encoder, optical encoder with motor body's rear end cap fixed connection, the rear axle passes in proper order optical encoder's encoder support and circuit board with the grating subassembly is connected.
Advantageous effects
The utility model discloses an encoder simple structure is compact, can realize accurate code, and the position and the motion state of accurate positioning motor pivot because the circuit board is passed by the rear axle of motor, can use the rear axle of motor to carry out the position adjustment for referring to, consequently also change when the installation and decide the axiality, and the debugging is convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a bottom view of an optical encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example (b):
an embodiment of the utility model provides an optical encoder is applied to the motor. The motor includes motor body, and the rear axle of motor extends outwards from motor body's rear end cap.
The optical encoder comprises an encoder bracket and a circuit board which sequentially penetrate through the rear shaft, and a grating assembly fixedly connected with the rear shaft penetrating out of the circuit board. The encoder support is fixed on the rear end cover of the motor body, the circuit board of the optical encoder is fixed on the encoder support, the grating component is fixed on the rear shaft of the motor and then rotates, and an interval exists between the grating component and the circuit board. And a code channel is arranged on one surface of the grating component opposite to the circuit board, and a photoelectric element is arranged on one surface of the circuit board opposite to the grating component. It should be understood that the code channel and the optoelectronic element can cooperate with each other, and the light emitted from the light-emitting element on the circuit board can be received by the light-receiving element on the circuit board after being emitted through the code channel of the grating assembly. It is worth noting that when the optical encoder in the embodiment is installed on the motor, the rear shaft of the motor sequentially penetrates through the encoder bracket and the circuit board and then is connected with the grating assembly; and the encoder bracket and the circuit board fixed in the encoder bracket are not in contact with the rear shaft of the motor and do not move along with the rotation of the motor shaft.
In some embodiments, the side wall of a part of the edge of the encoder bracket protrudes upwards, and the height of the protruded side wall is higher than the position where the circuit board is arranged, namely, after the circuit board is flatly placed into the encoder bracket, a part of the circuit board is surrounded by the side wall.
In some embodiments, a first connector is disposed on the circuit board, and a second connector corresponding to the first connector is disposed on the encoder bracket. The circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece.
The circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, and at least one scheme of the following can be adopted:
the first scheme for fixing the circuit board is as follows: the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively a first screw hole and a second screw hole, the optical encoder further comprises a first fixing screw, and the first fixing screw penetrates through the first screw hole and the second screw hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder support.
A second circuit board fixing scheme: the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively a first pin hole and a second pin hole, the optical encoder further comprises a first pin, and the first pin penetrates through the first pin hole and the second pin hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder support.
A third circuit board fixing scheme: the first connecting piece is a first clamping groove, the second connecting piece is a first buckle, and the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the matching of the first clamping groove and the first buckle.
The circuit board fixing scheme is four: the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively a second buckle and a second clamping groove, and the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the matching of the second clamping groove and the second buckle.
A circuit board fixing scheme five: the first connecting piece is a third pin hole, the second connecting piece is a second pin, and the second pin penetrates through the third pin hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket.
A circuit board fixing scheme six: the first connecting piece is a third pin, the second connecting piece is a fourth pin hole, and the third pin penetrates through the fourth pin hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket.
It can be understood that the above solutions can be combined arbitrarily without conflict, for example, the above solutions can be fixed by using a slot and a buckle, or a screw and a screw hole. The connectors described above are used to secure the circuit board and the encoder bracket, but may also function as a location in some implementations.
In some embodiments, the circuit board comprises two first connectors, and the two first connectors are oppositely arranged on two sides of the circuit board; or the circuit board can also comprise three first connecting pieces which are distributed on the circuit board in a triangular mode. It will be appreciated that a corresponding number and arrangement of second connectors is also included for the encoder support. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the number and the arrangement of the first connecting pieces may be various, and may be arbitrarily arranged according to actual requirements.
In some embodiments, a first positioning member is disposed on the circuit board, a second positioning member corresponding to the first positioning member is disposed on the encoder bracket, and the circuit board is positioned on the encoder bracket by the first positioning member and the second positioning member.
The positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket by the first positioning element and the second positioning element may include at least one of the following solutions:
the first circuit board positioning scheme is as follows: the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece are respectively a first positioning clamping groove and a first positioning buckle, and the first positioning clamping groove is matched with the first positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket.
A second circuit board positioning scheme: the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece are respectively a second positioning buckle and a second positioning clamping groove, and the second positioning clamping groove is matched with the second positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket.
A third circuit board positioning scheme: the first positioning piece is a first positioning column, the second positioning piece is a first positioning hole, and the first positioning column penetrates through the first positioning hole to realize positioning of the circuit board on the encoder support.
The circuit board positioning scheme is four: the first positioning piece is a second positioning hole, the second positioning piece is a second positioning column, and the second positioning column penetrates through the second positioning hole to realize the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder support.
Similarly, the schemes for positioning the circuit board can be freely combined without conflict.
In some embodiments, the circuit board comprises two first positioning parts, and the two first positioning parts are oppositely arranged on two sides of the circuit board; or the circuit board can also comprise three first positioning parts which are distributed on the circuit board in a triangular mode. It can be understood that the encoder bracket also comprises a corresponding number of second positioning elements which are arranged in the same way. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the number and the arrangement of the first positioning elements may be various, and may be arbitrarily arranged according to actual requirements.
In some embodiments, the rear end cover is provided with a third connecting piece, the encoder bracket is provided with a fourth connecting piece corresponding to the third connecting piece, and the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece.
Wherein, the encoder support is fixed on the rear end cover through third connecting piece and fourth connecting piece and includes following at least one kind scheme:
the first fixing scheme of the encoder bracket is as follows: the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece are respectively a third screw hole and a fourth screw hole, the optical encoder further comprises a first fixing screw, and the first fixing screw penetrates through the third screw hole and the fourth screw hole to fix the encoder support on the rear end cover.
And a second encoder bracket fixing scheme: the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece are respectively a fifth pin hole and a sixth pin hole, the optical encoder further comprises a fourth pin, and the fourth pin penetrates through the fifth pin hole and the sixth pin hole to fix the encoder support on the rear end cover.
The third fixing scheme of the encoder bracket is as follows: the third connecting piece is a third clamping groove, the fourth connecting piece is a third buckle, and the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the matching of the third clamping groove and the third buckle.
The fourth fixing scheme of the encoder bracket is as follows: the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece are respectively a fourth buckle and a fourth clamping groove, and the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the cooperation of the fourth clamping groove and the fourth buckle.
Encoder support fixed scheme is five: the third connecting piece is a seventh pin hole, the fourth connecting piece is a fifth pin, and the fifth pin passes through the seventh pin hole to fix the encoder bracket on the rear end cover.
The encoder bracket fixing scheme is six: the third connecting piece is a sixth pin, the fourth connecting piece is an eighth pin hole, and the sixth pin passes through the eighth pin hole to fix the encoder bracket on the rear end cover.
It can be understood that, similar to the fixation of the circuit board and the encoder bracket, the above schemes can be combined at will on the premise of no conflict, for example, the above schemes can be fixed by using a clamping groove and a buckle, and also using a screw and a screw hole.
In some embodiments, the rear end cover comprises two third connecting pieces, and the two third connecting pieces are arranged oppositely on two sides of the rear end cover; or three third connecting pieces which are distributed in a triangular shape on the rear end cover can be included.
In some embodiments, a third positioning element is disposed on the rear end cover, a fourth positioning element corresponding to the third positioning element is disposed on the encoder bracket, and the encoder bracket is positioned on the rear end cover by the third positioning element and the fourth positioning element.
The encoder bracket is positioned on the rear end cover through the third positioning piece and the fourth positioning piece, and the encoder bracket comprises at least one of the following schemes:
the first positioning scheme of the encoder bracket comprises the following steps: the third positioning piece and the fourth positioning piece are respectively a third positioning clamping groove and a third positioning buckle, and the third positioning clamping groove is matched with the third positioning buckle to realize positioning of the encoder bracket on the rear end cover.
And a second encoder bracket positioning scheme: the third positioning piece and the fourth positioning piece are respectively a fourth positioning buckle and a fourth positioning clamping groove, and the fourth positioning clamping groove is matched with the fourth positioning buckle to realize positioning of the encoder bracket on the rear end cover.
The third positioning scheme of the encoder bracket is as follows: the third positioning piece is a third positioning column, the fourth positioning piece is a third positioning hole, and the third positioning column penetrates through the third positioning hole to realize positioning of the encoder bracket on the rear end cover.
The encoder bracket positioning scheme is four: the third positioning piece is a fourth positioning hole, the fourth positioning piece is a fourth positioning column, and the fourth positioning column penetrates through the fourth positioning hole to realize positioning of the encoder support on the rear end cover.
Likewise, the above schemes may be combined arbitrarily without conflict.
In some embodiments, the rear end cover comprises two third positioning members, and the two third positioning members are oppositely arranged on two sides of the rear end cover; or may comprise three third positioning elements distributed triangularly. In other embodiments, other numbers of third positioning elements can be provided, and the positions of the third positioning elements can be flexibly selected.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the second connector and the fourth connector on the encoder bracket may be the same connector, for example, the encoder bracket includes a screw hole, the circuit board and the rear end cover have screw holes corresponding thereto, and the three screw holes are penetrated by one screw, so that the integral connection of the three can be realized. It will be appreciated that the connection between the encoder bracket and the circuit board and rear end cap is typically a detachable connection.
It should also be noted that the designations of "first", "second", and "third", etc., mentioned in the present embodiment are used only for distinction, and do not indicate the order of arrangement or other limitations.
In some embodiments, the circuit board is spaced from the grating assembly by a distance of 0.15mm or more and 3mm or less. According to specific product requirements and selected chip specifications, the spacing distance ranges such as 0.5mm-1mm, 0.9mm-1.2mm, 1.5mm-2.5mm and 1mm-3mm can be selected as common spacing distance ranges. The range size and applicable values of different products or chips may be different, but the above intervals are all the same as the optical encoder provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize.
In some embodiments, the grating assembly includes a reflective disk and a structural member, wherein the reflective disk and the structural member are combined by bonding, and a rear shaft of the motor passes through the reflective disk and is connected to the structural member.
The grating component can be formed by combining a reflecting disc and a structural part, and the reflecting disc can adopt a film and aluminum film reflecting mode; in other embodiments, the grating assembly may also employ other possible reflective disk structures, such as a metal code disk. The reflecting disc is bonded and combined with the structural member, and a track part capable of reflecting light and a part not reflecting light are alternately formed on the reflecting disc. When the grating component rotates along with the rear shaft of the motor, because the part capable of reflecting light and the unreflected part on the reflecting disc are separated, the reflected light intermittently received by the specific photoelectric element on the circuit board is processed by the photoelectric element and the electronic circuit to generate specific electric signals to be output, and the position and motion state information of the motor shaft can be calculated according to the electric signals.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the encoder bracket is greater than the cross-sectional areas of the circuit board and the grating assembly, respectively.
In some embodiments, the rear shaft of the electric machine includes a rear shaft body and a connecting portion, wherein the connecting portion is at a distal end of the rear shaft and the connecting portion is thinner, i.e., the outer diameter of the connecting portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear shaft body. The structure of the grating component comprises a motor connecting hole, the motor connecting hole is matched with the connecting part of the motor rear shaft, the inner diameter of the motor connecting hole is the same as the outer diameter of the connecting part, and the connecting part penetrates into the motor connecting hole of the structure to realize the connection between the motor rear shaft and the grating component. In other embodiments, a thinner connecting portion may not be included, and the motor connecting hole in the structural member may have the same inner diameter as the outer diameter of the rear shaft main body, and may be directly connected to the rear shaft main body.
In some embodiments, the length of the rear shaft connecting portion is not less than the depth of the motor connecting hole, i.e., in some cases, the rear end connecting portion may extend through the structural member.
In some embodiments, the structural member further comprises at least one clamping screw hole thereon for positioning a clamping screw. The clamping screw contacts with the connecting part of the rear shaft to clamp and fix the connecting part of the rear shaft and the grating assembly, and the clamping screw is screwed up to increase the pressure of the clamping screw contacting with the rear shaft of the motor, so that the connection is more stable.
The optical encoder of the present invention will be further described with reference to a specific embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 to 3 are schematic structural diagrams of an optical encoder according to the present embodiment. The optical encoder provided by the present embodiment is a reflective optical encoder, and the optical encoder includes an encoder bracket 1, a circuit board 2 and a grating assembly 3. Encoder support 1 is fixed on the rear end housing of motor body, and optical encoder's circuit board 2 is fixed on encoder support 1, and grating component 3 is fixed on the motor rear axle. When the grating component 3 works, the grating component rotates along with the rear shaft of the motor and does not move relative to the rear shaft of the motor. There is a space between the grating assembly 3 and the circuit board 2, and the circuit board 2 does not obstruct the rotation of the grating assembly 3. The side of the grating component 3 opposite to the circuit board 2 is provided with a code channel, and the side of the circuit board 2 opposite to the grating component 3 is provided with a photoelectric element 4, it should be understood that the code channel and the photoelectric element 4 can be matched with each other, and light emitted by the light emitting element on the circuit board 2 can be received by an element receiving optical signals on the circuit board 2 after being emitted through the code channel of the grating component 3. It is worth noting that when the optical encoder in the embodiment is installed on the motor, the rear shaft of the motor sequentially penetrates through the encoder bracket 1 and the circuit board 2 and then is connected with the grating component 3; and the encoder bracket 1 and the circuit board 2 fixed therein are not in contact with the rear shaft of the motor and do not move along with the rotation of the motor shaft.
The encoder bracket 1, the circuit board 2 and the grating component 3 in the embodiment are all circular, wherein the diameter of the encoder bracket 1 is respectively larger than the diameters of the PCB circuit board 2 and the grating component 3.
The side wall of a part of the edge of the encoder bracket 1 protrudes upwards, in this embodiment, the side wall of a half of the edge of the encoder bracket 1 protrudes, and the height of the protruding part of the side wall is higher than that of the circuit board, so that after the circuit board 2 is installed on the encoder bracket, a part of the circuit board is surrounded by the protruding part of the side wall of the encoder bracket.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the second screw hole and the fourth screw hole are the same screw hole 5. Two screw holes 5 are arranged on the encoder bracket, and the two screw holes 5 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the encoder bracket. On the circuit board, there is a first screw hole 6 corresponding to the screw hole 5, and on the rear end cover, there is also a third screw hole corresponding to the screw hole 5. In this embodiment, the screw hole 5 on the encoder bracket is a second screw hole connected to the circuit board and a fourth screw hole connected to the rear end cap. A screw can be passed through the circuit board 3 to connect the encoder bracket 1 and also through the encoder bracket 1 to connect directly to the rear end cover of the motor. Thus, the openings on the encoder bracket 1 and the circuit board 2 can be reduced, the use amount of screws is reduced, the structure is simple, and the cost is saved. Of course, in other embodiments, the second and fourth connectors on the encoder bracket are different.
Similarly, two sides of the encoder bracket are also provided with opposite second positioning columns 7, and second positioning holes 8 corresponding to the second positioning columns 7 are arranged at positions corresponding to the circuit board. When the circuit board is installed, the second positioning hole 8 is aligned to the second positioning column 7, so that the second positioning column 7 can be quickly positioned by penetrating through the second positioning hole 8, and the installation is convenient.
In some embodiments, the circuit board 2 is spaced from the grating assembly 3 by a distance of 0.15mm or more and 3mm or less. Specifically, the space between the circuit board 2 and the grating assembly 3 is 2mm in the present embodiment.
In this embodiment, the grating assembly 3 is formed by combining a reflecting disc and a structural member, the reflecting disc is reflected by a film and an aluminum film, and the structural member is a metal structural member. The rear shaft of the motor comprises a rear shaft body and a connecting part, wherein the connecting part is positioned at the tail end of the rear shaft of the motor and is used for being connected with a structural member of the grating assembly 3. The outer diameter of the connecting part is smaller than the inner diameter of the rear shaft body, the structural part comprises a motor connecting hole 9, the inner diameter of the motor connecting hole 9 is the same as the outer diameter of the connecting part, and the connecting part penetrates through the motor connecting hole 9 of the structural part to be connected and fixed.
Specifically, the length of the connecting portion of the rear axle is equal to the depth of the motor connecting hole 9 of the structural member. However, in other embodiments, the motor connection hole 9 is through under the premise of stable connection, and the connection part can penetrate through the motor connection hole 9 of the structural member.
On grating subassembly 3's structure, including clamping screw hole 10, clamping screw hole 10 and motor shaft radial setting can set up clamping screw through clamping screw hole 10, and clamping screw contacts with the coupling part of motor rear axle with the coupling part and the grating subassembly 3 of clamp fixation rear axle. By screwing the clamping screw, the connection between the grating component 3 and the rear shaft of the motor can be more stable.
And in this embodiment, there is a plurality of fabrication hole on the bottom of encoder support 1, and when processing, the fabrication hole can assist and fix a position, and processing is more accurate convenient.
The optical encoder that this embodiment provided, second connecting piece and fourth connecting piece are the same connecting piece (screw 5), therefore when the installation, can place in encoder support 1 through second reference column 7 and the 8 location of second locating hole earlier circuit board 2, place encoder support 1 and circuit board 2 whole again with motor rear end lid, encoder support 1 that will place circuit board 2 through two screws is fixed to motor rear end lid, these two screws not only are fixed encoder support 1 with the motor on, also with circuit board 2 fixed connection to encoder support on. And finally, connecting the grating component 3 to a rear shaft of a motor, adjusting the distance between the grating component 3 and the circuit board 2, and fixing the grating component 3.
In other embodiments, the second connector and the fourth connector on the encoder bracket are different connectors, and the encoder bracket 1 may be fixed to the rear end cover of the motor first, and then the circuit board 2 may be installed in the encoder bracket 1. Similarly, the grating assembly 3 is finally connected to the rear shaft of the motor and the distance between the grating assembly 3 and the circuit board 2 is adjusted, and then the grating assembly 3 is fixed.
The optical encoder provided by the embodiment has the advantages of compact structure, easiness in fixing the coaxiality during installation, convenience in debugging, high positioning accuracy and capability of providing stable and accurate encoding signals.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a motor, this motor include the main part, from the rear end cap of motor main part outwards extend the rear axle and as above optical encoder.
And a third screw hole is formed in the rear end cover of the motor, corresponds to the screw holes 5 at the two ends of the encoder bracket 1 of the optical encoder, and is fixedly connected with the encoder bracket 1 through screws. The rear shaft of the motor extends out of the rear end cover, sequentially passes through the encoder bracket 1 and the circuit board 2 of the optical encoder and is fixedly connected with the grating component 3. The rear shaft of the motor provided by the embodiment drives the grating component 3 fixedly connected with the rear shaft to rotate together.
And an encoder shell is fixedly connected to the rear end cover of the motor. The encoder housing integrally covers the optical encoder. It should be understood that the encoder housing may be of various shapes, but because the grating assembly 3 of the optical encoder moves with the motor rear shaft, the encoder housing does not contact the grating assembly 3 and does not impede the rotation of the grating assembly 3.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, and the specific embodiments are not to be considered in a limiting sense. To the utility model belongs to the technical field of ordinary technical personnel, do not deviate from the utility model discloses under the prerequisite of design, can also make a plurality of simple deductions or replacement, all should regard as belonging to the utility model discloses a protection scope.
Claims (16)
1. An optical encoder is applied to a motor, and the motor comprises a motor body and a rear shaft, wherein the rear shaft extends outwards from a rear end cover of the motor body; the optical encoder is characterized by comprising an encoder bracket, a circuit board and a grating assembly which sequentially penetrate through the rear shaft;
the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover, the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket, the grating assembly is fixedly connected to the rear shaft and rotates along with the rear shaft, and a gap is formed between the grating assembly and the circuit board;
and a code channel is arranged on one surface of the grating component opposite to the circuit board, and a photoelectric element is arranged on one surface of the circuit board opposite to the grating component.
2. The optical encoder of claim 1, wherein a portion of an edge of the encoder bracket has a sidewall that is raised upward above a position at which the circuit board is disposed.
3. The optical encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuit board is provided with a first connector, the encoder bracket is provided with a second connector corresponding to the first connector, and the circuit board is fixed to the encoder bracket by the first connector and the second connector;
the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece and comprises at least one of the following components:
the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively a first screw hole and a second screw hole, the optical encoder further comprises a first fixing screw, and the first fixing screw penetrates through the first screw hole and the second screw hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are respectively a first pin hole and a second pin hole, the optical encoder further comprises a first pin, and the first pin penetrates through the first pin hole and the second pin hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first connecting piece is a first clamping groove, the second connecting piece is a first buckle, and the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the matching of the first clamping groove and the first buckle;
the first connecting piece is a second buckle, the second connecting piece is a second clamping groove, and the circuit board is fixed on the encoder bracket through the matching of the second clamping groove and the second buckle;
the first connecting piece is a third pin hole, the second connecting piece is a second pin, and the second pin penetrates through the third pin hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first connecting piece is a third pin, the second connecting piece is a fourth pin hole, and the third pin penetrates through the fourth pin hole to fix the circuit board on the encoder bracket.
4. The optical encoder according to claim 3, wherein the circuit board includes two first connectors disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the circuit board, or wherein the circuit board includes three first connectors disposed in a triangular distribution on the circuit board.
5. The optical encoder as claimed in claim 3, wherein the circuit board is provided with a first positioning member, the encoder bracket is provided with a second positioning member corresponding to the first positioning member, and the circuit board is positioned on the encoder bracket by the first positioning member and the second positioning member;
the circuit board is positioned on the encoder bracket through the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece, and the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket through the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece comprises at least one of the following:
the first positioning piece is a first positioning clamping groove, the second positioning piece is a first positioning buckle, and the first positioning clamping groove is matched with the first positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first positioning piece is a second positioning buckle, the second positioning piece is a second positioning clamping groove, and the second positioning clamping groove is matched with the second positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first positioning piece is a first positioning column, the second positioning piece is a first positioning hole, and the first positioning column penetrates through the first positioning hole to realize the positioning of the circuit board on the encoder bracket;
the first positioning piece is a second positioning hole, the second positioning piece is a second positioning column, and the second positioning column penetrates through the second positioning hole to realize positioning of the circuit board on the encoder support.
6. The optical encoder as claimed in claim 5, wherein the circuit board comprises two first positioning members disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the circuit board, or wherein the circuit board comprises three first positioning members disposed in a triangular shape on the circuit board.
7. The optical encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein a third connecting member is disposed on the rear end cap, a fourth connecting member corresponding to the third connecting member is disposed on the encoder bracket, and the encoder bracket is fixed to the rear end cap by the third connecting member and the fourth connecting member;
the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece and comprises at least one of the following components:
the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece are respectively a third screw hole and a fourth screw hole, the optical encoder further comprises a second fixing screw, and the second fixing screw penetrates through the third screw hole and the fourth screw hole to fix the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece are respectively a fifth pin hole and a sixth pin hole, the optical encoder further comprises a fourth pin, and the fourth pin penetrates through the fifth pin hole and the sixth pin hole to fix the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third connecting piece is a third clamping groove, the fourth connecting piece is a third buckle, and the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the matching of the third clamping groove and the third buckle;
the third connecting piece is a fourth buckle, the fourth connecting piece is a fourth clamping groove, and the encoder bracket is fixed on the rear end cover through the matching of the fourth clamping groove and the fourth buckle;
the third connecting piece is a seventh pin hole, the fourth connecting piece is a fifth pin, and the fifth pin penetrates through the seventh pin hole to fix the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third connecting piece is a sixth pin, the fourth connecting piece is an eighth pin hole, and the sixth pin penetrates through the eighth pin hole to fix the encoder support on the rear end cover.
8. The optical encoder of claim 7, wherein the rear end cap comprises two third connectors, the two third connectors are oppositely arranged at two sides of the rear end cap, or the rear end cap comprises three third connectors, and the three third connectors are distributed in a triangular shape on the rear end cap.
9. The optical encoder as claimed in claim 7, wherein a third positioning element is disposed on the rear cover, a fourth positioning element corresponding to the third positioning element is disposed on the encoder bracket, and the encoder bracket is positioned on the rear cover by the third positioning element and the fourth positioning element;
the encoder bracket is positioned on the rear end cover through the third positioning piece and the fourth positioning piece and comprises at least one of the following components:
the third positioning piece is a third positioning clamping groove, the fourth positioning piece is a third positioning buckle, and the third positioning clamping groove is matched with the third positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third positioning piece is a fourth positioning buckle, the fourth positioning piece is a fourth positioning clamping groove, and the fourth positioning clamping groove is matched with the fourth positioning buckle to realize the positioning of the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third positioning piece is a third positioning column, the fourth positioning piece is a third positioning hole, and the third positioning column penetrates through the third positioning hole to realize the positioning of the encoder bracket on the rear end cover;
the third positioning part is a fourth positioning hole, the fourth positioning part is a fourth positioning column, and the fourth positioning column penetrates through the fourth positioning hole to realize positioning of the encoder support on the rear end cover.
10. The optical encoder as claimed in claim 9, wherein the rear cover comprises two third positioning members disposed opposite to each other on two sides of the rear cover, or the rear cover comprises three third positioning members disposed in a triangular distribution on the rear cover.
11. The optical encoder as claimed in any one of claims 1-10, wherein a spacing between the grating assembly and the circuit board is greater than or equal to 0.15mm and less than or equal to 3 mm.
12. The optical encoder of any of claims 1-10, wherein a cross-sectional area of the encoder support is greater than a cross-sectional area of the circuit board and the grating assembly, respectively.
13. The optical encoder as claimed in any one of claims 1-10, wherein the grating assembly comprises a reflective disk and a structural member, the reflective disk and the structural member being adhesively bonded together, the rear shaft of the motor passing through the reflective disk and being connected to the structural member;
the rear shaft of the motor comprises a rear shaft body and a connecting part;
the connecting part is positioned at the tail end of a rear shaft of the motor, and the outer diameter of the connecting part is smaller than that of the rear shaft body;
the structure includes the motor connecting hole, the internal diameter of motor connecting hole with the external diameter of coupling part is the same, the coupling part penetrates the motor connecting hole of structure.
14. The optical encoder as claimed in claim 13, wherein the length of the coupling portion of the rear shaft is not less than the depth of the motor coupling hole of the structural member.
15. The optical encoder as claimed in claim 13, wherein the structural member of the grating assembly comprises at least one clamping screw hole;
the clamping screw hole is used for arranging a clamping screw, and the clamping screw is in contact with the connecting part of the rear shaft so as to clamp and fix the connecting part of the rear shaft and the grating assembly.
16. An electric motor, comprising a motor body, a rear shaft extending outward from a rear end cover of the motor body, and an optical encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the optical encoder is fixedly connected to the rear end cover of the motor body, and the rear shaft sequentially passes through an encoder bracket and a circuit board of the optical encoder to be connected to the grating assembly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020143139.2U CN212305039U (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Optical encoder and motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020143139.2U CN212305039U (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Optical encoder and motor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212305039U true CN212305039U (en) | 2021-01-05 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020143139.2U Active CN212305039U (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Optical encoder and motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212305039U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-01-21 CN CN202020143139.2U patent/CN212305039U/en active Active
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