CN212182379U

CN212182379U - Aluminum-shell cylindrical battery with directional pressure relief at bottom

Info

Publication number: CN212182379U
Application number: CN202021178902.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱华玉; 相江峰; 刘小舟; 宋军云
Original assignee: Jiangxi Far East Battery Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangxi Far East Battery Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-23
Filing date: 2020-06-23
Publication date: 2020-12-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-23

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery field, concretely relates to aluminum hull cylinder battery of directional pressure release in bottom. The device comprises a top cover part, a bottom cover part, side walls, a pole group, an upper flow collecting disc and a lower flow collecting disc; the battery shell is defined by the top cover part, the bottom cover part and the side walls, the upper flow collecting disc is arranged at the lower end of the top cover part, the lower flow collecting disc is arranged at the upper end of the bottom cover part, and a pole group is arranged in a cavity defined by the upper flow collecting disc, the lower flow collecting disc and the side walls. When the internal pressure of the battery exceeds a set value, the internal gas penetrates through the aluminum pore plate and acts on the aluminum sheet, so that the aluminum sheet deforms towards the outside of the battery, a current path between the bottom cover and the aluminum pore plate is cut off, all charging and discharging processes are stopped, and the risk of further out of control of the battery is reduced. When the internal pressure of the battery continues to increase, the aluminum sheet and the bottom cover are broken at the connecting position, the pressure is released, and the battery is prevented from exploding towards other directions. The utility model discloses a battery can carry out the pertinence protection in the bottom when using, improves the security.

Description

Aluminum-shell cylindrical battery with directional pressure relief at bottom

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery field, concretely relates to aluminum hull cylinder battery of directional pressure release in bottom.

Background

Lithium ion batteries are increasingly used in various fields. In the use process of the lithium ion battery, when abnormal conditions such as short circuit, overcharge and the like occur, thermal runaway can be caused, and the internal temperature of the battery is rapidly increased; substances inside the battery, such as a positive electrode material, lithiated graphite, and an electrolyte, are rapidly decomposed and generate high temperature and a large amount of gas, resulting in an increase in the internal gas pressure of the battery, swelling deformation of the case, and explosion in severe cases. Therefore, the lithium ion battery with a metal shell is usually provided with a pressure relief explosion-proof device to prevent the battery from exploding due to overhigh internal pressure.

At present, a lithium battery is usually decompressed by adopting a pressure relief film or by processing a nick, however, the pressure relief film cannot be recovered again after the nick or the explosion-proof film is broken, so that the whole battery is failed and scrapped.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides an aluminum hull cylinder battery of directional pressure release in bottom, concrete technical scheme is as follows:

an aluminum-can cylindrical battery with directional pressure relief at the bottom: the device comprises a top cover part, a bottom cover part, side walls, a pole group, an upper flow collecting disc and a lower flow collecting disc; the battery shell is defined by the top cover part, the bottom cover part and the side walls, the upper flow collecting disc is arranged at the lower end of the top cover part, the lower flow collecting disc is arranged at the upper end of the bottom cover part, and a pole group is arranged in a cavity defined by the upper flow collecting disc, the lower flow collecting disc and the side walls.

In a further technical scheme, the stage group adopts a full-lug structure.

According to a further technical scheme, the center of the top cover part is a negative pole, the shoulder part is a positive pole disc, and the negative pole and the positive pole disc are sealed by a ceramic ring and a plastic ring; a polymer isolation layer is linked below the positive plate; the inner layer of the cathode post is a metal layer, and the outer layer of the cathode post is an aluminum plate; one side of the anode plate is provided with a liquid injection hole.

According to a further technical scheme, the inner layer is one of a copper plate, a nickel plate or a copper nickel-plated plate.

According to a further technical scheme, the bottom cover is integrated with a current cutting device and comprises an aluminum sheet, an insulating pad and an aluminum hole plate; the aluminum sheet, the bottom cover and the side wall are integrally welded by laser, and the aluminum pore plate is provided with an exhaust hole and is padded on the insulating pad.

In a further technical scheme, the upper and lower flow collecting discs are made of thin metal plates with pre-punched grooves, welding spots are dispersed on the discs in a cross shape, and a central hole and an oval long hole are reserved.

According to a further technical scheme, the thin metal plate is one of an aluminum plate, a copper plate, a nickel plate or a copper nickel-plated plate.

The three-section type shell, the top cover, the bottom cover and the side wall are separately processed; the pole group adopts a full-lug structure, so that the internal resistance of the battery is reduced, and the power characteristic of the battery is improved; the porous current collecting disc can improve the infiltration speed of the electrolyte. The top platform is reserved as a welding position of a positive/negative leading-out terminal, the bottom cover integrates a current cutting device and a pressure relief device, and the outer portion of the bottom cover is not used as the leading-out terminal. The ceramic ring and the plastic ring are used for double sealing between the cathode column and the anode disk, so that the anode and the cathode are isolated by the ceramic ring under the condition of ensuring the sealing property of the battery and simultaneously ensuring the melting of high-temperature plastic, and the short circuit of the anode and the cathode is avoided. A polymer isolating layer is linked below the anode disc to prevent the anode disc from contacting with the internal electrode group to generate short circuit. The inner layer of the negative pole column is made of copper or nickel so as to facilitate welding of the negative pole lug inside, and the outer layer is made of aluminum plates so as to improve the universality of welding outside the battery. One side of the positive plate is provided with a liquid injection hole which also has the exhaust function of the battery formation process. The aluminum sheet, the bottom cover and the side wall are welded into a whole by laser, so that the leakage of the battery can be effectively avoided. The central hole and the elliptical long hole of the collector plate can improve the speed of electrolyte entering the pole group and can discharge gas in the pole group in time.

The utility model discloses can realize when battery internal pressure surpasss the setting value, inside gas passes the aluminium orifice plate, uses on the thin aluminum sheet, makes the thin aluminum sheet to battery outside deformation, breaks off the electric current route between bottom and the aluminium orifice plate, stops all to fill, the discharge process, reduces the further out of control's of battery risk. When the internal pressure of the battery continues to increase, the aluminum sheet and the bottom cover are broken at the connecting position, the pressure is released, and the battery is prevented from exploding towards other directions. The utility model discloses a battery can carry out the pertinence protection in the bottom when using, improves the security.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a lithium battery of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a top cap of a lithium battery of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a bottom cap structure of a lithium battery of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a current collecting plate of a lithium battery of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the bottom cap current cut-off device of the lithium battery according to the present invention after operation;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the pressure relief of the bottom cap of the lithium battery of the present invention;

reference numerals:

1-top cover part, 2-side wall, 3-bottom cover part, 4-pole group, 5-upper current collecting disc, 6-lower current collecting disc, 11-negative pole column, 12-positive pole disc, 13-ceramic ring, 14-plastic ring, 15-polymer isolating layer, 16-metal layer, 17-aluminum plate, 18-liquid injection hole, 31-bottom cover, 32-aluminum sheet, 33-insulating pad, 34-aluminum hole plate, 61-welding point, 62-center hole and 63-elliptical long hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1: a bottom directional pressure relief aluminum shell cylindrical battery comprises a top cover part 1, a bottom cover part 3, a side wall 2, a pole group 4, an upper current collecting disc 5 and a lower current collecting disc 6; the battery shell is defined by the top cover part 1, the bottom cover part 3 and the side walls, the upper flow collecting disc 5 is arranged at the lower end of the top cover part 1, the lower flow collecting disc 6 is arranged at the upper end of the bottom cover part 3, and a pole group 4 is arranged in a cavity defined by the upper flow collecting disc 5, the lower flow collecting disc 6 and the side walls 2. The stage group 4 adopts a full-lug structure.

As shown in fig. 2: the center of the top cover part 1 is a negative pole 11, the shoulder part is a positive pole disc 12, and the negative pole 11 and the positive pole disc 12 are sealed by a ceramic ring 13 and a plastic ring 14; a polymer isolating layer 15 is linked below the anode disc 12; the inner layer of the negative pole 11 is a metal layer 16, specifically one of a copper plate, a nickel plate or a copper-nickel plated plate, and the outer layer is an aluminum plate 17; one side of the positive electrode disk 12 is provided with a liquid injection hole 18.

As shown in fig. 3: the bottom cover part 3 is integrated with a current cutting device, and comprises an aluminum sheet 32, an insulating pad 33 and an aluminum hole plate 34; the aluminum sheet 32 is laser welded integrally with the bottom cover 31 and the side wall 2, and the aluminum orifice plate 34 is provided with a vent hole and is padded on the insulating pad 33.

As shown in fig. 4: the upper and lower catchment plates are made of thin metal plates with pre-punched grooves, and welding spots 61 are dispersed on the plates in a cross shape to leave a central hole 62 and an oval long hole 63. The thin metal plate is one of an aluminum plate, a copper plate, a nickel plate or a copper nickel-plated plate.

When the utility model is used, when the internal pressure of the battery exceeds a set value, the internal gas passes through the aluminum pore plate 34 and acts on the aluminum sheet 32, so that the aluminum sheet 32 deforms towards the outside of the battery, the current path between the bottom cover 31 and the aluminum pore plate 34 is disconnected, all charging and discharging processes are stopped, and the risk of further runaway of the battery is reduced, as shown in fig. 5; as the internal pressure of the battery continues to increase, the aluminum thin sheet 32 and the bottom cap 31 are ruptured at the coupling position, releasing the pressure, as shown in fig. 6.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present patent have been described in detail, the present patent is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present patent within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an aluminum hull cylinder battery of directional pressure release in bottom which characterized in that: comprises a top cover part (1), a bottom cover part (3), a side wall (2), a pole group (4), an upper flow collecting disc (5) and a lower flow collecting disc (6); the battery shell is formed by enclosing the top cover part (1), the bottom cover part (3) and the side walls, the upper current collecting disc (5) is arranged at the lower end of the top cover part (1), the lower current collecting disc (6) is arranged at the upper end of the bottom cover part (3), and the pole group (4) is arranged in a cavity defined by the upper current collecting disc (5), the lower current collecting disc (6) and the side walls (2).

2. The aluminum-can cylindrical battery with directional pressure relief at bottom as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pole group (4) adopts a full-lug structure.

3. The aluminum-can cylindrical battery with directional pressure relief at bottom as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the center of the top cover part (1) is provided with a negative pole post (11), the shoulder part is provided with a positive pole disc (12), and the negative pole post (11) and the positive pole disc (12) are sealed by a ceramic ring (13) and a plastic ring (14); a polymer isolating layer (15) is linked below the positive plate (12); the inner layer of the negative pole column (11) is a metal layer (16), and the outer layer is an aluminum plate (17); one side of the positive plate (12) is provided with a liquid injection hole (18).

4. The aluminum-can cylindrical battery with directional pressure relief at bottom as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the inner layer is one of a copper plate, a nickel plate or a copper nickel-plated plate.

5. The aluminum-can cylindrical battery with directional pressure relief at bottom as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom cover part (3) is integrated with a current cutting device and comprises an aluminum sheet (32), an insulating pad (33) and an aluminum hole plate (34); the aluminum sheet (32), the bottom cover (31) and the side wall (2) are integrally welded by laser, and the aluminum hole plate (34) is provided with an exhaust hole and is padded on the insulating pad (33).

6. The aluminum-can cylindrical battery with directional pressure relief at bottom as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper and lower catchment plates are made of thin metal plates with pre-punched grooves, and welding spots (61) are dispersed on the plates in a cross shape to leave a central hole (62) and an oval long hole (63).

7. The aluminum-can cylindrical battery with directional pressure relief at bottom as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the thin metal plate is one of an aluminum plate, a copper plate, a nickel plate or a copper nickel-plated plate.