CN212137297U - 一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理*** - Google Patents

一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理*** Download PDF

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CN212137297U
CN212137297U CN202020943661.9U CN202020943661U CN212137297U CN 212137297 U CN212137297 U CN 212137297U CN 202020943661 U CN202020943661 U CN 202020943661U CN 212137297 U CN212137297 U CN 212137297U
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alternating current
management system
power
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冯悦鸣
陆水锦
仇群辉
姚敏
包伟峰
王冬林
徐赟
沈菁菁
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ZHEJIANG TSINGHUA YANGTZE RIVER DELTA RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Jiaxing Hengchuang Electric Equipment Co ltd
Jiaxing Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University Zhejiang
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ZHEJIANG TSINGHUA YANGTZE RIVER DELTA RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Jiaxing Hengchuang Electric Equipment Co ltd
Jiaxing Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/14—Energy storage units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/20—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution using protection elements, arrangements or systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
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    • Y04S20/248—UPS systems or standby or emergency generators

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Abstract

一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，属于微电网技术领域。本实用新型包括发电单元，通过太阳能光伏发电并接入交流母线中；公共电网单元，用于将公共电网接入微电网供电，以及将微电网过盈电量上传至公共电网；储能单元，用于将发电单元产生的电能以直流电的形式进行储存；负载单元，用于将负载接入微电网以消耗电能；监控单元，用于监测和控制微电网中的设备。本实用新型能够有效保证整个微电网的稳定运行，同时提高电能的利用率，降低成本。

Description

一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***
技术领域
本实用新型涉及微电网技术领域，尤其涉及一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***。
背景技术
近些年，微电网由于建设成本低、运行损耗小、无环境污染等优点蓬勃发展。 而光伏发电因为取材方便，技术成熟等优点是最常用的新能源，被微电网广泛使用。但是不可避免的是，环境和时间的因素对光伏发电的影响极大，太阳辐射量总是在动态变化，光伏发电功率也随之而变，还有夜晚时刻光伏缺少太阳能无法正常工作。为解决该问题，微电网中常会设置储能装置，但是这样又会增加微电网的使用成本和难以管理和调度整个微电网中的能量，导致资源浪费。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是为了解决上述现有技术存在的问题，提供一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其能够有效保证整个微电网的稳定运行，同时提高电能的利用率，降低成本。
本实用新型的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，包括：
发电单元，通过太阳能光伏发电并接入交流母线中；
公共电网单元，用于将公共电网接入微电网供电，以及将微电网过盈电量上传至公共电网；
储能单元，用于将发电单元产生的电能以直流电的形式进行储存；
负载单元，用于将负载接入微电网以消耗电能；
监控单元，用于监测和控制微电网中的设备。
本实用新型的工作原理：发电单元产生的电能供给微电网，当发电单元供给不足时，利用储能单元进行补偿供电，若储能单元的供电不足，则再利用公共电网单元补充供电；当发电单元供给过量时，通过储能单元进行储存，当储能单元电量充满后，在将多余电量上传至公共电网。本实用新型对储能单元的要求较低，所以使用成本较低，同时能够合理地利用公共电网进行电能调度，确保微电网稳定供电的同时避免了电能的浪费。
作为本实用新型优选，所述发电单元包括光伏板和光伏并网逆变器，所述光伏板通过光伏并网逆变器连接至交流母线。
作为本实用新型优选，所述公共电网单元包括公共电网和配电变压器，所述公共电网通过配电变压器连接至交流母线。
作为本实用新型优选，所述储能单元包括储能变流器和储能电池组，所述储能电池组通过储能变流器连接至交流母线。
作为本实用新型优选，所述负载单元包括直流负载、整流器、交流负载和变压器，所述直流负载通过整流器连接至交流母线，所述交流负载通过变压器连接至交流母线。
作为本实用新型优选，所述监控单元包括采集控制终端和人机交互端，所述采集控制终端和人机交互端通过开关电源连接至交流母线。
作为本实用新型优选，所述***还包括：
应急单元，用于微电网故障或断电的突发状况下的供电。
作为本实用新型优选，所述应急单元包括发电机、变压器、超级电容和整流器，所述发电机通过变压器连接至交流母线，所述超级电容通过整流器连接至交流母线，所述超级电容连接至所述发电机。
作为本实用新型优选，所述发电单元、公共电网单元、储能单元、负载单元、监控单元、应急单元与交流母线之间均设有断路器，断路器均连接至所述监控单元。
本实用新型的优点是：
1、能够合理调度电能，有效保证了整个微电网的稳定运行，同时提高电能的利用率，降低成本。
2、应急单元的设置，能够有效预防故障或断电的突发状况，以保证微电网的平稳运行。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***的结构原理图；
图2为本实用新型一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***的通讯总线拓扑图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型做进一步的详细说明。
如图1所示，一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，包括发电单元、公共电网单元、应急单元、储能单元、负载单元、监控单元，每个单元均通过断路器连接至交流母线。其中：
发电单元包括用于将太阳能转换为电能的光伏板和将直流电转换为交流电的光伏并网逆变器，光伏板通过光伏并网逆变器和断路器连接至交流母线。发电单元源源不断地向整个微电网输送电能。
公共电网单元包括10kV电网和配电变压器，10kV电网通过配电变压器和断路器连接至交流母线。当用电低谷时段发电单元不足以支撑微电网的用电功率，或者用电高峰时段发电单元和储能单元并用都不足以支撑微电网的用电功率时，公共电网单元接入微电网，为整个微电网输送电能，以补偿微电网用电欠缺功率。若发电单元发电量过盈且储能单元已充满，则将微电网中多余的电量上传至公共电网单元。
应急单元包括柴油发电机、变压器、超级电容和整流器，柴油发电机通过变压器和断路器连接至交流母线，超级电容通过整流器和断路器连接到交流母线，且超级电容连接到柴油发电机。在微电网故障或断电的突发状况下，微电网需要柴油发电机发电支撑，然而柴油发电机从启动到具有带满负荷能力也需要启动电源作为支撑且耗时较长，多数柴油发电机采用内置蓄电池作为启动电源，这种传统启动方法不仅会使内置蓄电池深度放电，严重影响内置蓄电池的使用寿命，而且在低温条件下，由于内置蓄电池容量下降很快，很难启动成功。利用超级电容快速放电的特性，提供瞬时启动功率和启动转矩来满足柴油发电机尖峰功率的需求，不仅可以有效缩短柴油发电机的启动时间，而且在低温条件下能轻松启动柴油发电机。由于超级电容的自然消耗性，需要通过整流器和断路器定期给超级电容进行充放电保养，以延长超级电容的使用寿命。
储能单元包括储能变流器和储能电池组，储能电池组通过储能变流器和断路器连接至交流母线。当储能单元充电时，储能变流器将交流母线中的交流电经整流后以直流电形式向储能电池组存储电能，当储能单元放电时，储能变流器先将储能电池组释放的直流电逆变为交流电再传入到交流母线中。储能单元能够有效保障微电网全时段全天候稳定运行，且具有较优的经济效益。
负载单元包括变压器、交流负载、整流器和直流负载，交流负载通过变压器和断路器连接至交流母线，直流负载通过整流器和断路器连接至交流母线。负载单元用于消耗电能，交流负载可以是多个并联的交流负载的集合，而不仅仅单指一个交流负载，直流负载也可以是多个并联直流负载的集合，而不仅仅单指一个直流负载。
监控单元包括开关电源、采集控制终端和人机交互端，采集控制终端和人机交互端通过开关电源和断路器连接至交流母线。如图2所示，人机交互端通过工业以太网与采集控制终端进行相互通讯，通过构建拓扑结构和使用TCP/IP、MOUBUS、串口及IEC104通讯方式建立起***的通讯总线，各个单元中的设备经由通讯总线将数据传送到监控单元，控制指令从监控单元经由通讯总线发至对应设备，从而实现***能量管理并保证***的实时性。其中的主要监控数据包括：光伏板的发电功率、电压、电流，超级电容电池电压、电池温度、电池SOC、SOH，交流负载的用电功率、直流负载的用电功率，储能变流器的报警参数、储能电池组的电池电压、电池温度、电池SOC、SOH，以及各个断路器的开闭状态。监控单元将所有数据直观的显示到人机交互端中方便工作人员进行操作。
以上所述，仅为本实用新型较佳的具体实施方式，该具体实施方式是基于本实用新型整体构思下的一种实现方式，而且本实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。因此，本实用新型的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (9)

1.一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其特征在于，包括：
发电单元，通过太阳能光伏发电并接入交流母线中；
公共电网单元，用于将公共电网接入微电网供电，以及将微电网过盈电量上传至公共电网；
储能单元，用于将发电单元产生的电能以直流电的形式进行储存；
负载单元，用于将负载接入微电网以消耗电能；
监控单元，用于监测和控制微电网中的设备。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其特征在于，所述发电单元包括光伏板和光伏并网逆变器，所述光伏板通过光伏并网逆变器连接至交流母线。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其特征在于，所述公共电网单元包括公共电网和配电变压器，所述公共电网通过配电变压器连接至交流母线。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其特征在于，所述储能单元包括储能变流器和储能电池组，所述储能电池组通过储能变流器连接至交流母线。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其特征在于，所述负载单元包括直流负载、整流器、交流负载和变压器，所述直流负载通过整流器连接至交流母线，所述交流负载通过变压器连接至交流母线。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其特征在于，所述监控单元包括采集控制终端和人机交互端，所述采集控制终端和人机交互端通过开关电源连接至交流母线。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其特征在于，所述***还包括：
应急单元，用于微电网故障或断电的突发状况下的供电。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其特征在于，所述应急单元包括发电机、变压器、超级电容和整流器，所述发电机通过变压器连接至交流母线，所述超级电容通过整流器连接至交流母线，所述超级电容连接至所述发电机。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***，其特征在于，所述发电单元、公共电网单元、储能单元、负载单元、监控单元、应急单元与交流母线之间均设有断路器，断路器均连接至所述监控单元。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111525622A (zh) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-11 嘉兴市恒创电力设备有限公司 一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***及方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111525622A (zh) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-11 嘉兴市恒创电力设备有限公司 一种光储充一体化微电网能量管理***及方法

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