CN212081732U - Compression type vacuum precooling device - Google Patents
Compression type vacuum precooling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212081732U CN212081732U CN202020491461.4U CN202020491461U CN212081732U CN 212081732 U CN212081732 U CN 212081732U CN 202020491461 U CN202020491461 U CN 202020491461U CN 212081732 U CN212081732 U CN 212081732U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a compression vacuum precooling apparatus, it has the advantage that the system is simple, the cost is low, the working costs is low, maintain simple, real empty room temperature is easy to control, and the practicality is strong, can effectively be applied to occasions such as cooked food and fruit vegetables quick cooling. It comprises a vacuum chamber, a steam compressor, an air cooler, a condensed water collector and a small vacuum pump; the vacuum chamber is connected with an inlet of the steam compressor through a first pipeline, an outlet of the steam compressor is connected with a second pipeline, a pressure stop valve is arranged beside the second pipeline, an output end of the second pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of the air cooler, a gas outlet of the air cooler is connected with an inlet of the condensed water collector through a third pipeline, the upper part of a cavity of the condensed water collector is connected with the small vacuum pump through a fourth pipeline, and the small vacuum pump is used for compressing non-condensable gas entering the condensed water collector.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field of vacuum precooling specifically is a compression vacuum precooling apparatus.
Background
Water is required to be evaporated at a high temperature of 102 ℃ under normal pressure (101.325kPa), and when the pressure is reduced to 0.61kPa, the water is evaporated at 0 ℃. Vacuum precooling is to evaporate water rapidly at a low temperature in a vacuum chamber to absorb a large amount of latent heat under the vacuum condition, and can be widely used for rapidly precooling high-temperature food and rapidly cooling fresh food such as fruits, vegetables and the like.
The key factors for realizing vacuum precooling are three: firstly, water vapor evaporated at low temperature is completely condensed; secondly, the temperature in the vacuum chamber is maintained to be about 2 ℃; thirdly, the vacuum degree is quickly reached to be high enough.
In the prior art, in order to meet the requirements, the following technical means are generally adopted:
(1) condensing the low-temperature water vapor by using a refrigerator;
(2) an ice storage chamber is adopted to maintain the temperature of the vacuum chamber at about 2 ℃;
(3) vacuum pump is used to quickly suck to realize vacuum degree.
Although the above-described techniques address many of the problems associated with vacuum pre-cooling implementations, there are still some problems that have not been effectively addressed.
In order to completely condense water vapor evaporated at low temperature, a refrigerator is adopted in the prior art to condense the low-temperature water vapor; in order to maintain the temperature in the vacuum chamber at about 2 ℃, the prior art adopts the structure of an ice storage chamber to maintain the temperature of the vacuum chamber at about 2 ℃; in order to quickly achieve a sufficiently high degree of vacuum, vacuum pumps are currently used to achieve rapid pumping.
The refrigerator is actually a device comprising a refrigeration compressor, an oil-gas separator, a pipeline, a valve, a controller and a refrigerant, and the purchase cost and the maintenance cost are high; the existence of the refrigerator increases the refrigerant in the heat transfer link of steam and environment, thus increasing the heat transfer temperature difference, improving the operation energy consumption and having higher operation cost.
The measures of preventing the ice blockage of the cold trap such as ice storage and the like increase the purchase cost, the occupied space and the operation complexity of the system.
After the vacuum degree of the system is established, the requirement can be met only by arranging a small vacuum pump due to the fact that the quantity of non-condensable gas is very small; however, in order to quickly reach the vacuum degree requirement in the starting stage, a large-flow vacuum pump has to be equipped, and the vacuum degree requirement of the vacuum pump reaches the use requirement below 1kPa, so that the purchase cost is greatly increased.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above problem, the utility model provides a compression vacuum precooling apparatus, it has that the system is simple, the cost is low, the working costs is low, maintain the advantage simple, real empty room temperature is easy to control, and the practicality is strong, can effectively be applied to occasions such as cooked food and fruit vegetables quick cooling.
A compression type vacuum precooling device is characterized in that: it comprises a vacuum chamber, a steam compressor, an air cooler, a condensed water collector and a small vacuum pump;
the vacuum chamber is connected with an inlet of the steam compressor through a first pipeline, an outlet of the steam compressor is connected with a second pipeline, a pressure stop valve is arranged beside the second pipeline, an output end of the second pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of the air cooler, a gas outlet of the air cooler is connected with an inlet of the condensed water collector through a third pipeline, the upper part of a cavity of the condensed water collector is connected with the small vacuum pump through a fourth pipeline, and the small vacuum pump is used for compressing non-condensable gas entering the condensed water collector;
the vacuum chamber is used for storing food to be precooled, and a measuring point of a first pressure sensor and a measuring point of a temperature sensor are arranged in a cavity of the vacuum chamber;
the steam compressor is used for vacuumizing and can simultaneously process the compression process of wet air and water vapor, and is preset with two working states, specifically a vacuum mode and a refrigeration mode, wherein the steam compressor in the vacuum mode operates in a low-speed heavy-load state, and the steam compressor in the refrigeration mode operates in a high-speed light-load state;
the air cooler is used for cooling the wet air or the water vapor discharged by the vapor compressor;
the condensed water collector is used for collecting condensed water after air cooling, and a measuring point of a second pressure sensor is arranged in a cavity of the condensed water collector;
the pressure stop valve is opened when the pressure of the second pipeline is greater than the atmospheric pressure of the environment and is closed when the pressure of the second pipeline is less than the atmospheric pressure of the environment.
It is further characterized in that:
the system also comprises an external monitoring control device, wherein the external monitoring control device is respectively connected with the data ends of the first pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor, and is respectively connected with the steam compressor and the small vacuum pump;
the pressure stagnation valve can be replaced by a structure of a third pressure sensor and an electric switch valve, and at the moment, an external monitoring control device is connected with a data end of the third pressure sensor and a control start-stop part of the electric switch valve;
preferably, the vapor compressor is embodied as an inverter vapor compressor, and the vapor compressor is operated in an inverter mode.
A running method of a compression type vacuum precooling device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that two working states, specifically a vacuum mode and a refrigeration mode, are preset in a vapor compressor, the vapor compressor in the vacuum mode operates in a low-speed heavy-load state, and the vapor compressor in the refrigeration mode operates in a high-speed light-load state;
according to the fact that the temperature Tm which needs to be reached in the vacuum chamber finally serves as the set value of the temperature sensor, the saturated vapor pressure Pm corresponding to the Tm serves as the pressure set value of the first pressure sensor;
increasing the saturation vapor pressure Pw corresponding to 12 ℃ according to the highest wet bulb temperature Tw of the local environment to be used as a pressure set value of the second pressure sensor;
putting food to be precooled into a vacuum chamber, setting a steam compressor into a vacuum mode after confirming that the vacuum chamber is sealed, starting the steam compressor and an air cooler, wherein the outlet pressure of the steam compressor is atmospheric pressure, the steam compressor operates in a low-speed heavy-load state, part of gas is discharged through a pressure stagnation valve, part of gas is communicated with steam and enters the air cooler, when the monitoring value of a second pressure sensor is greater than Pw, a small vacuum pump is started, and when the monitoring value of the second pressure sensor is less than Pw, the small vacuum pump is closed;
when the pressure of the second pressure sensor reaches Pw, the outlet pressure of the vapor compressor is negative pressure, the vapor compressor is switched to be in a refrigeration mode, the vapor compressor runs in a high-speed light-load state, the vapor compressor runs in a variable-frequency mode, and the temperature of the temperature sensor is controlled to be stable at Tm.
It is further characterized in that: when the pressure stop valve is replaced by a combined structure of a third pressure sensor and the electric switch valve, the atmospheric pressure value is set according to the local environment, the electric switch valve is opened when the monitoring value of the third pressure sensor is larger than the atmospheric pressure value, and the electric switch valve is closed when the monitoring value of the third pressure sensor is smaller than the atmospheric pressure value.
After the technical scheme is adopted, two working states, specifically a vacuum mode and a refrigeration mode, are preset for the vapor compressor, the vapor compressor in the vacuum mode operates in a low-speed heavy-load state, and the vapor compressor in the refrigeration mode operates in a high-speed light-load state; under the vacuum mode, the steam compressor runs at a low-speed heavy-load state, and the flow of the steam compressor is higher than that of the vacuum pump, so that the vacuum degree required by the vacuum chamber can be quickly reached, and the waiting time of the vacuum pumping stage is reduced; the steam compressor has the main function of vacuumizing, most of gas is discharged through the pressure stop valve, and only one small vacuum pump is needed to maintain the vacuum function at the rear part of the steam compressor; under the 'refrigeration mode', the vapor compressor runs in a high-speed light-load state, and because the vapor compressor directly compresses low-temperature vapor pumped out from the vacuum chamber to normal temperature, the vapor can be condensed without a refrigerator and an air cooler; meanwhile, the steam directly exchanges heat with the environment in the cooler, so that the heat transfer temperature difference in the system is reduced, and the energy consumption of the steam compressor is greatly smaller than that of refrigeration compression; meanwhile, the temperature of the vacuum chamber completely depends on the inlet pressure of the vapor compressor, the monitoring can be realized by using a simple pressure sensor and the flow of the vapor compressor is regulated, and the control is simple and the reliability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the frame structure of the present invention;
the names corresponding to the sequence numbers in the figure are as follows:
the device comprises a vacuum chamber 1, a vapor compressor 2, an air cooler 3, a condensed water collector 4, a small vacuum pump 5, a first pipeline 6, a second pipeline 7, a pressure stop valve 8, a third pipeline 9, a fourth pipeline 10, a first pressure sensor 11, a temperature sensor 12, a second pressure sensor 13 and an external monitoring control device 14.
Detailed Description
A compression type vacuum precooling device, which is shown in fig. 1: it comprises a vacuum chamber 1, a vapor compressor 2, an air cooler 3, a condensed water collector 4 and a small vacuum pump 5;
the vacuum chamber 1 is connected with an inlet of a steam compressor 2 through a first pipeline 6, an outlet of the steam compressor 2 is connected with a second pipeline 7, a pressure stop valve 8 is arranged beside the second pipeline 7, an output end of the second pipeline 7 is connected with a gas inlet of an air cooler 3, a gas outlet of the air cooler 3 is connected with an inlet of a condensed water collector 4 through a third pipeline 9, the upper part of a cavity of the condensed water collector 4 is connected with a small vacuum pump 5 through a fourth pipeline 10, and the small vacuum pump 5 is used for compressing non-condensable gas entering the condensed water collector 4;
the vacuum chamber 1 is used for storing food to be precooled, and measuring points of a first pressure sensor 11 and a temperature sensor 12 are arranged in a cavity of the vacuum chamber 1;
the vapor compressor 2 is preset with two working states, specifically a vacuum mode and a refrigeration mode, the vapor compressor in the vacuum mode operates in a low-speed heavy-load state, and the vapor compressor in the refrigeration mode operates in a high-speed light-load state;
a measuring point of a second pressure sensor 13 is arranged in the cavity of the condensed water collector 4;
the pressure stop valve 8 is opened when the pressure of the second line 7 is greater than the atmospheric pressure of the environment and is closed when the pressure of the second line 7 is less than the atmospheric pressure of the environment.
The vapor compressor 2 is specifically a variable frequency vapor compressor, and the vapor compressor operates in a variable frequency mode.
In the specific embodiment: the system further comprises an external monitoring control device 14, the external monitoring control device 14 is respectively connected with data ends of the first pressure sensor 11, the temperature sensor 12 and the second pressure sensor 13, and the external monitoring control device 14 is respectively connected with the steam compressor 2 and the small vacuum pump 5.
Another embodiment is: the pressure stagnation valve 8 is replaced by a third pressure sensor and an electric switch valve, and at the moment, the external monitoring control device 14 is connected with a data end of the third pressure sensor and a control start-stop part of the electric switch valve.
A running method of a compression type vacuum pre-cooling device comprises the following steps: the vapor compressor 2 is preset with two working states, specifically a vacuum mode and a refrigeration mode, the vapor compressor 2 in the vacuum mode operates in a low-speed heavy-load state, and the vapor compressor 2 in the refrigeration mode operates in a high-speed light-load state;
according to the temperature Tm which is finally required to be reached in the vacuum chamber 1 as the set value of the temperature sensor, the saturated vapor pressure Pm corresponding to the Tm is used as the pressure set value of the first pressure sensor 11;
increasing the saturation vapor pressure Pw corresponding to 12 ℃ according to the highest wet bulb temperature Tw of the local environment as the pressure set value of the second pressure sensor 13;
the external monitoring control device 14 monitors the values of the connected temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and presets that in a vacuum mode, when the monitoring value of the second pressure sensor 13 is greater than Pw, the small vacuum pump 5 is started, when the detection value of the second pressure sensor 13 is less than Pw, the small vacuum pump 5 is closed, when the pressure of the first pressure sensor 11 reaches Pm, the small vacuum pump 5 is started, so that the small vacuum pump 5 vacuumizes the cavity of the condensate water collector 4, when the pressure of the second pressure sensor 13 reaches Pm, the vapor compressor 2 is switched to a refrigeration mode, and the values of Tm, Pm and Pw are input and confirmed through the external monitoring control device 14, so that the whole system can be quickly set and adjusted according to the environment, and the operation is simple and quick;
putting food to be precooled into a vacuum chamber 1, setting a vapor compressor 2 into a vacuum mode after confirming that the vacuum chamber 1 is sealed, starting the vapor compressor 2 and an air cooler 3, wherein the outlet pressure of the vapor compressor 2 is atmospheric pressure, the vapor compressor 2 operates in a low-speed heavy-load state, part of gas is discharged through a pressure stop valve 8, part of gas and steam enter the air cooler 3, when the monitoring value of a second pressure sensor 13 is greater than Pw, a small vacuum pump 5 is started, and when the monitoring value of the second pressure sensor 13 is less than Pw, the small vacuum pump 5 is closed;
when the pressure of the second pressure sensor 13 reaches Pw, the outlet pressure of the vapor compressor 2 is a negative pressure, the vapor compressor 2 is switched to a refrigeration mode, the vapor compressor 2 operates in a high-speed light load state, in this mode, the vapor compressor 2 operates in a variable frequency mode, and the temperature of the temperature sensor 12 is controlled to be stable at Tm.
When the pressure stop valve 8 is a combined structure of the third pressure sensor and the electric switch valve, the atmospheric pressure value is set according to the local environment, the electric switch valve is opened when the monitoring value of the third pressure sensor is greater than the atmospheric pressure value, and the electric switch valve is closed when the monitoring value of the third pressure sensor is less than the atmospheric pressure value.
The working principle is as follows: the vapor compressor is preset with two working states, specifically a vacuum mode and a refrigeration mode, wherein the vapor compressor in the vacuum mode operates in a low-speed heavy-load state, and the vapor compressor in the refrigeration mode operates in a high-speed light-load state; under the vacuum mode, the steam compressor runs at a low-speed heavy-load state, and the flow of the steam compressor is higher than that of the vacuum pump, so that the vacuum degree required by the vacuum chamber can be quickly reached, and the waiting time of the vacuum pumping stage is reduced; the steam compressor has the main function of vacuumizing, most of gas is discharged through the pressure stop valve, and only one small vacuum pump is needed to maintain the vacuum function at the rear part of the steam compressor; under the 'refrigeration mode', the vapor compressor runs in a high-speed light-load state, and because the vapor compressor directly compresses low-temperature vapor pumped out from the vacuum chamber to normal temperature, the vapor can be condensed without a refrigerator and an air cooler; meanwhile, the steam directly exchanges heat with the environment in the cooler, so that the heat transfer temperature difference in the system is reduced, and the energy consumption of the steam compressor is greatly smaller than that of refrigeration compression; meanwhile, the temperature of the vacuum chamber completely depends on the inlet pressure of the vapor compressor, the monitoring can be realized by using a simple pressure sensor and the flow of the vapor compressor is regulated, and the control is simple and the reliability is high.
The beneficial effects are as follows:
1. the device adopts a vapor compressor which integrates compressed wet air and wet vapor to directly suck a vacuum chamber, can realize the vacuum degree required by the system without a complex vacuum-pumping system in a vacuum mode, saves a first-stage roots pump, a second-stage roots pump and a water ring pump, and only needs to be provided with a small-sized vacuum pump to maintain vacuum;
2. in the refrigeration mode of the device, the vapor compressor directly compresses low-temperature vapor pumped out from the vacuum chamber to normal temperature, so that a refrigerator is not required;
3. the device is under "refrigeration mode", and the vacuum chamber temperature completely depends on vapor compressor's entry pressure, utilizes simple pressure sensor to monitor and adjusts vapor compressor flow and can realize that the vacuum chamber temperature is about 2 ℃, need not to adopt "ice storage chamber".
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A compression type vacuum precooling device is characterized in that: it comprises a vacuum chamber, a steam compressor, an air cooler, a condensed water collector and a small vacuum pump;
the vacuum chamber is connected with an inlet of the steam compressor through a first pipeline, an outlet of the steam compressor is connected with a second pipeline, a pressure stop valve is arranged beside the second pipeline, an output end of the second pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of the air cooler, a gas outlet of the air cooler is connected with an inlet of the condensed water collector through a third pipeline, the upper part of a cavity of the condensed water collector is connected with the small vacuum pump through a fourth pipeline, and the small vacuum pump is used for compressing non-condensable gas entering the condensed water collector;
the vacuum chamber is used for storing food to be precooled, and a measuring point of a first pressure sensor and a measuring point of a temperature sensor are arranged in a cavity of the vacuum chamber;
the steam compressor is used for vacuumizing and can simultaneously process the compression process of wet air and water vapor, and is preset with two working states, specifically a vacuum mode and a refrigeration mode, wherein the steam compressor in the vacuum mode operates in a low-speed heavy-load state, and the steam compressor in the refrigeration mode operates in a high-speed light-load state;
the air cooler is used for cooling the wet air or the water vapor discharged by the vapor compressor;
the condensed water collector is used for collecting condensed water after air cooling, and a measuring point of a second pressure sensor is arranged in a cavity of the condensed water collector;
the pressure stop valve is opened when the pressure of the second pipeline is greater than the atmospheric pressure of the environment and is closed when the pressure of the second pipeline is less than the atmospheric pressure of the environment.
2. A compression type vacuum pre-cooling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the system is characterized by further comprising an external monitoring control device, wherein the external monitoring control device is respectively connected with the data ends of the first pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor, and the external monitoring control device is respectively connected with the steam compressor and the small vacuum pump.
3. A compression type vacuum pre-cooling apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the pressure stagnation valve can be replaced by a third pressure sensor and an electric switch valve, and at the moment, the external monitoring control device is connected with the data end of the third pressure sensor and the control start-stop part of the electric switch valve.
4. A compression type vacuum pre-cooling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vapor compressor is specifically a variable frequency vapor compressor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020491461.4U CN212081732U (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Compression type vacuum precooling device |
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| CN202020491461.4U CN212081732U (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Compression type vacuum precooling device |
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| CN212081732U true CN212081732U (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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| CN202020491461.4U Active CN212081732U (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Compression type vacuum precooling device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111336742A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-26 | 苏州翔云节能科技有限公司 | Compression type vacuum precooling device |
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- 2020-04-07 CN CN202020491461.4U patent/CN212081732U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111336742A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-26 | 苏州翔云节能科技有限公司 | Compression type vacuum precooling device |
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