CN212055585U

CN212055585U - Basic brake device

Info

Publication number: CN212055585U
Application number: CN202020526953.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王帮华; 金元; 苏辉
Original assignee: LONGZHONG HOLDING GROUP CO LTD
Current assignee: LONGZHONG HOLDING GROUP CO LTD
Priority date: 2020-04-10
Filing date: 2020-04-10
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-10

Abstract

The utility model provides a foundation brake device belongs to car braking technical field. It has solved the problem that current disc brake is difficult to satisfy installation space demand on the vehicle. The basic brake device comprises a caliper body, a bracket, a brake disc, an air chamber and brake discs, wherein the caliper body comprises a main caliper body and an auxiliary caliper body, the main caliper body is connected with the auxiliary caliper body through a connecting bolt, the two brake discs are respectively correspondingly connected with the main caliper body and the auxiliary caliper body, the main caliper body and the auxiliary caliper body can float relative to the bracket during braking, a self-adjusting mechanism comprises a cam lever, a shifting pin connected to the cam lever and an adjusting sleeve, a notch is formed in the adjusting sleeve, the shifting pin is inserted into the notch and can rotate towards the side wall direction of the notch along with the rotation of the cam lever, a concave acting hole is formed in the cam lever, and a push rod of the air chamber can extend into the acting hole and push the cam lever to swing. This basic brake device has compact structure's advantage.

Description

Basic brake device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the car braking, a basic brake device is related to.

Background

The automobile is the most common vehicle at present, and provides great convenience for people's traveling, cargo transportation and the like. The brake system is an important component in the automobile and provides safety guarantee for the use of the automobile. The brakes applied to the wheels of passenger and goods vehicles at present mainly comprise: drum brakes and disc brakes. The disc brake using gas and hydraulic pressure as power has the advantages of compact structure, good heat dissipation and stable braking, and when braking, the brake block presses the brake disc from two sides under the action of a brake system and finally locks the rotating brake disc so as to achieve the purpose of braking the automobile. Drum brakes have been gradually replaced by disc brakes due to their instability during use.

At present, various caliper type disc brakes are available on commercial vehicles, the mounting position of an air chamber of the caliper type disc brake is consistent with the axial direction of an axle, however, on an independent suspension or other special vehicle axles, due to the limitation of spaces such as the suspension or other parts, the air chamber can interfere with the suspension or other parts when being axially placed (the center of the air chamber is parallel to the rotation center of a brake disc), if the specification and the size of the disc brake are changed, the normal use of the disc brake can be influenced, and the potential safety hazard of the vehicle is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists, provide a basic brake device, solved current disc brake and be difficult to the problem that satisfies the installation space demand on the vehicle.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal:

a basic brake device comprises a caliper body, a bracket, a brake disc, an air chamber and brake pads arranged on two sides of the brake disc respectively, and is characterized in that the caliper body comprises a main caliper body and an auxiliary caliper body which are arranged on two sides of the brake disc respectively, the main caliper body is connected with the auxiliary caliper body through a connecting bolt, the two brake pads are correspondingly connected with the main caliper body and the auxiliary caliper body respectively, the main caliper body and the auxiliary caliper body can float relative to the bracket during braking, one end of the main caliper body, far away from the brake disc, is provided with an air chamber mounting surface, the center of the air chamber is approximately and vertically fixed on the air chamber mounting surface of the main caliper body through a bolt, a push rod of the air chamber can push the brake pads to press the brake disc through a self-adjusting mechanism to realize braking, the self-adjusting mechanism comprises a cam lever, a shifting pin connected on the cam lever and an adjusting sleeve, the poking pin is inserted into the notch and can rotate towards the side wall direction of the notch along with the rotation of the cam lever, the cam lever is provided with a concave acting hole, and the push rod of the air chamber can extend into the acting hole and push the cam lever to swing.

The basic brake device enables the air chamber to be radially arranged in a mode that the air chamber is approximately vertical to the air chamber mounting surface of the main caliper body, shortens the axial length compared with the axial arrangement of the existing air chamber, is more convenient for the installation of the limited space on the axle of an independent suspension or other special vehicles, and meets the installation space requirement.

In the basic brake device, the shift pin is cylindrical, the side wall of the notch is a plane, and the shift pin can be in line contact with the side wall of the notch when approaching to the side wall.

In the foundation brake device, a cylindrical one-way bearing is arranged in the adjusting sleeve, the one-way bearing is tightly matched with the adjusting sleeve, an inner sleeve is further arranged in the one-way bearing, a solenoid screw linkage mechanism is arranged in the inner sleeve, a clutch cover is arranged at the upper end of the solenoid screw linkage mechanism, a push plate is connected to the lower end of the solenoid screw linkage mechanism, a friction plate type overload clutch is further arranged between the clutch cover and the inner sleeve, a pre-tightening spring is sleeved on the outer side of the adjusting sleeve, and a thrust bearing is arranged between the pre-tightening spring and the friction plate type overload clutch.

In the foundation brake device, the bracket is further fixedly connected with a long sliding pin, the main caliper body and the auxiliary caliper body are connected to the long sliding pin, and the main caliper body and the auxiliary caliper body can float relative to the long sliding pin during braking. The long sliding pin is arranged to bear the acting force exerted by the floating main caliper body and the floating auxiliary caliper body during braking.

In the foundation brake device, an annular seal ring is sleeved outside the long slide pin. The sealing is performed through the sealing ring, and water and dust are prevented from entering the inside of the long sliding pin.

In the basic brake device, the caliper body is further provided with a connecting part for connecting with an axle, the connecting part is provided with a planar mounting surface, two strip-shaped key grooves are formed in the mounting surface, and the length directions of the key grooves are parallel to the end surface of the brake disc. The two key grooves arranged in parallel with the brake disc can ensure that the clamping force is vertical to the brake disc after connection, and the maximum braking force is obtained. The installation bolt of the foundation braking device can be installed from the bottom of a vehicle through a plane installation surface, and the assembly, the disassembly and the maintenance are convenient.

In the basic brake device, the air chamber has a parking brake interface and a service brake interface, and the parking brake interface is larger or smaller than the service brake interface. The parking brake interface and the service brake interface are not the same in size, namely the parking brake interface and the service brake interface are one large and one small, and misconnection can be effectively placed.

In the basic brake device, the outer side of the caliper body is provided with a first protruding positioning part and a second protruding positioning part, the first positioning part and the second positioning part are both in a rectangular shape, the length directions of the first positioning part and the second positioning part are mutually perpendicular, and the first positioning part and the second positioning part are arranged at intervals. The convex first positioning part and the second positioning part are reserved on the clamp body, so that the nameplate can be automatically positioned when being conveniently installed, and the convenience and the consistency of installation of the nameplate are guaranteed.

In the basic brake device, the caliper body is further fixedly connected with a position indicating pin, the position indicating pin comprises a rod part and a head part, the outer edge of the head part protrudes out of the outer wall of the rod part, one end of the rod part, facing the head part, is provided with a concave insertion hole, one end of the head part, facing the rod part, is provided with a convex insertion part, and the insertion part is detachably inserted into the insertion hole. The connection mode of the insertion part and the insertion hole can be tight fit, screw connection and the like. Here, the position pin adopts split type structure, has shortened the removal stroke when showing the position pin head, even if in the limited position in space, also can demolish, need not to demolish the connecting bolt between the main tong body and the vice tong body and increases the space, shows that removing and changing of position pin are more convenient.

Compared with the prior art, this basic brake equipment has following advantage:

1. through the radial setting of air chamber for this basis arresting gear's axial length shortens, and the structure is compacter, can agree with the installation on the limited vehicle in partial space better, and the suitability is good.

2. The self-adjusting mechanism such as the shifting pin, the cam lever, the adjusting sleeve and the one-way bearing is matched, so that the compensation of the braking clearance can be realized, the sensitivity of the brake in the braking process is ensured, and the driving safety is ensured.

3. The brake disc not only provides the intensity of support for between brake block one and the brake block two through the interval alternate distribution of the heat dissipation rib of difference in length, and disturbs the air flow better when the brake disc rotates for the heat of brake disc is passed through the air flow and is dispelled more fast, has improved the radiating efficiency of brake disc.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present foundation brake arrangement.

Fig. 2 is a state diagram of the position of the cam lever when the self-adjusting structure is in four working stages.

Fig. 3 is a position state diagram of the setting pin and the adjusting sleeve in a stage of eliminating normal clearance.

Fig. 4 is a position state diagram of the setting pin and the adjusting sleeve in a stage of eliminating excessive clearance.

FIG. 5 is a position state diagram of the shifting pin and the adjusting sleeve in the elastic braking stage.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure at the long slide pin.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure at the key groove.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure at the seal ring.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure at the parking brake interface and the service brake interface.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure at the position of the position pin.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an indexing pin.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the locating pin with the shank portion and the head portion separated.

In the figure, 1, a bracket; 2. a brake disc; 3. an air chamber; 4. a brake pad; 5. a main clamp body; 6. a secondary caliper body; 7. a push rod; 8. a cam lever; 9. a self-adjusting mechanism; 10. pulling a pin; 11. an adjusting sleeve; 12. a notch; 13. a long slide pin; 14. a seal ring; 15. a keyway; 16. a parking brake interface; 17. a service brake interface; 18. a first positioning part; 19. a second positioning part; 20. a position indicating pin; 21. a rod portion; 22. a head portion; 23. inserting holes; 24. a plug-in part.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the basic brake device includes a caliper body, a bracket 1 fixed to a truck of an automobile, a brake disc 2 fixed to a hub, an air chamber 3, and brake pads 4 respectively provided on both sides of the brake disc 2. The caliper body comprises a main caliper body 5 and an auxiliary caliper body 6 which are respectively arranged on two sides of a brake disc 2 and are connected through a connecting bolt, two brake pads 4 are respectively and correspondingly connected with the main caliper body 5 and the auxiliary caliper body 6 on the corresponding sides, as shown in figure 6, a long sliding pin 13 is fixedly connected to a bracket 1, the main caliper body 5 and the auxiliary caliper body 6 are connected to the long sliding pin 13, and the main caliper body 5 and the auxiliary caliper body 6 can float relative to the long sliding pin 13 during braking. As shown in fig. 8, the long slide pin 13 is further sleeved on the outside with an annular seal ring 14 for water and dust prevention. The upper side of one end of the main caliper body 5, which is far away from the brake disc 2, is also provided with an air chamber 3 mounting surface, the center of the air chamber 3 is approximately and vertically fixed on the air chamber 3 mounting surface of the main caliper body 5 through a bolt, the main caliper body 5 is also internally connected with a self-adjusting mechanism 9, a push rod 7 of the air chamber 3 can be pushed out downwards and acts on the self-adjusting mechanism 9, and the self-adjusting mechanism 9 converts the downward movement of the push rod 7 into the movement of pushing the brake disc 4 to press the brake disc 2 to realize braking. In this embodiment, an included angle between the installation direction of the air chamber 3 and the axial direction of the wheel axle is designed to be 87 to 93 degrees, as shown in fig. 9, the air chamber 3 further has a parking brake interface 16 and a service brake interface 17, and the parking brake interface 16 is larger than or smaller than the service brake interface 17, that is, the parking brake interface 16 and the service brake interface 17 are different in size.

When the basic brake device is used, the working process of the air chamber 3 is as follows:

1. when not inflated, the diaphragm assembly in the air chamber 3 is in a lower initial position;

2. when the air chamber 3 starts to be inflated, the air in the air chamber 3 pushes the diaphragm assembly to move upwards, the steel ball in the diaphragm assembly is clamped into the concave clamping groove position at the side part of the parking brake push rod, at the moment, the parking brake does not output braking force, and the diaphragm assembly and the parking brake push rod form a whole;

3. when emergency braking occurs, the cavity of the parking air chamber 3 receives an instruction to deflate or the air source is suddenly interrupted to deflate, at the moment, the parking brake spring pushes the diaphragm assembly, the diaphragm assembly drives the parking brake push rod, and the parking brake push rod pushes the common brake push rod, so that the air chamber 3 generates parking brake force to act on the self-adjusting mechanism 9.

4. After braking is finished, the release fork is inserted from the top of the air chamber 3, a steel ball clamped at the clamping groove position on the side part of the parking brake push rod is pushed away from the clamping groove position, the diaphragm assembly is separated from the parking brake push rod, the diaphragm returns to the initial position under the spring force of the parking brake spring, and the parking brake push rod and the service brake push rod also return to the initial position under the action of the return force of the self-regulating mechanism 9.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the self-adjusting mechanism 9 includes a cam lever 8, a pulling pin 10 connected to the cam lever 8, and an adjusting sleeve 11, a notch 12 is formed in the adjusting sleeve 11, the pulling pin 10 is inserted into the notch 12 and can rotate toward a side wall of the notch 12 along with the rotation of the cam lever 8, a concave acting hole is formed in the upper end of the cam lever 8, and the push rod 7 of the air chamber 3 can abut against the acting hole and push the cam lever 8 to swing. In this embodiment, the pin 10 is cylindrical, the side wall of the notch 12 is a flat surface, and the pin 10 can make line contact with the side wall of the notch 12 when approaching the same.

The adjusting sleeve 11 is also internally provided with a cylindrical one-way bearing, the one-way bearing is tightly matched with the adjusting sleeve 11, the one-way bearing is also internally provided with an inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve is internally provided with a solenoid screw linkage mechanism. The upper end of the solenoid screw linkage mechanism is provided with a clutch cover, the lower end of the solenoid screw linkage mechanism is connected with a push plate, a friction plate type overload clutch is further arranged between the clutch cover and the inner sleeve, a pre-tightening spring is sleeved on the outer side of the adjusting sleeve 11, and a thrust bearing is arranged between the pre-tightening spring and the friction plate type overload clutch.

For the sake of convenience of description, the specific working process is illustrated in the direction shown in the attached drawings, the use of the self-adjusting mechanism 9 has four working phases, respectively comprising:

as shown in fig. 3, the elimination of the normal gap phase: during braking, the cam lever 8 is pressed down by the push rod 7 of the air chamber 3 to drive the shifting pin 10 to rotate together, the whole self-adjusting mechanism 9 starts to move leftwards relative to a fixed reference surface to eliminate a normal gap, namely, the self-adjusting mechanism 9 converts the downward movement of the push rod 7 of the air chamber 3 into leftward movement to push the brake pad 4 on one side of the main caliper body 5 to approach the brake disc 2, the shifting pin 10 also starts to rotate upwards from the lower side surface of the notch 12 of the adjusting sleeve 11, when the shifting pin 10 is in line contact with the upper side surface of the notch 12 of the adjusting sleeve 11, the distance that the self-adjusting mechanism 9 pushes the brake pad 4 to move leftwards is just the designed normal gap, and the brake gap is eliminated.

As shown in fig. 4, when there is an excessive braking clearance, then the excess clearance elimination phase is entered: the cam lever 8 is pressed downwards continuously to drive the shifting pin 10 to rotate, the shifting pin 10 can continuously apply acting force on the upper side face of the gap 12 of the adjusting sleeve 11 to shift the adjusting sleeve 11 to rotate anticlockwise, and due to the fact that the rotating centers of the shifting pin 10 and the adjusting sleeve 11 are different, the line contact between the shifting pin 10 and the side wall of the gap 12 of the adjusting sleeve 11 is also changed into point contact, and therefore the one-way needle roller clutch and the inner sleeve rotate together and are transmitted to the main spiral pipe through the friction clutch; when the main screw pipe rotates anticlockwise, the two screw rods can synchronously extend out.

In addition, as shown in fig. 5, after the cam lever 8 drives the whole self-adjusting mechanism 9 to move integrally leftward, the elastic braking stage is entered: since the brake disk 2 is not yet fully braked, the cam lever 8 continues to be pressed down, at which point the brake mechanism is in the spring phase. The shifting pin 10 drives the adjusting sleeve 11, the one-way needle roller clutch and the inner sleeve to continue rotating, at the moment, the self-adjusting mechanism 9 bears a large reaction force and can generate a maximum slipping torque larger than that of the friction clutch, and the solenoid stops rotating. Until the brake disc 2 is completely locked, the braking is completed.

Finally, the brake release phase: the push rod 7 of the air chamber 3 begins to contract backwards, the cam lever 8 rotates reversely under the action of the return spring, the shifting pin 10 also begins to move downwards from the upper side surface of the gap 12 of the adjusting sleeve 11 to the side surface, then the shifting pin 10 is contacted with the lower side surface of the gap 12 of the adjusting sleeve 11, so that the adjusting sleeve 11 is driven to rotate clockwise, and at the moment, due to the working characteristics of the one-way needle roller clutch, the outer rings of the adjusting sleeve 11 and the one-way needle roller clutch are in an idle state relative to other parts; at this point, the designed normal clearance is just restored, the initial clearance between the notch 12 of the adjusting sleeve 11 and the pin 10 is maintained again, and the cam lever 8 is returned to the initial position ready for the next braking.

In addition, above-mentioned brake disc 2 is including the first and second brake pads that all are the disc, and the first and second coaxial line of brake pad set up, and brake disc 2 still includes that the several all is rectangular form heat dissipation rib, and the heat dissipation rib all sets up along the radial of first brake pad, and the axis interval distribution of the first coiling movable plate of several heat dissipation rib, and all form the passageway that supplies the ventilation between two adjacent heat dissipation ribs, and one side of several heat dissipation rib all links firmly with first brake pad, and the opposite side all links firmly with second brake pad.

The heat dissipation rib comprises a first rib and a second rib which are in a long strip shape, the length of the first rib is larger than that of the second rib, the first rib and the second rib are arranged along the radial direction of the first brake plate and are alternately distributed around the axis of the first brake plate, and the vertical distance between the end part of the inner end of the first rib and the axis of the first brake plate is smaller than the vertical distance between the end part of the inner end of the second rib and the axis of the first brake plate. In the embodiment, the outer side surfaces of the first brake plate and the second brake plate are coaxially provided with annular grooves for marking the wear limit positions.

As shown in fig. 7, the caliper body further includes a connecting portion for connecting to the axle, the connecting portion has a flat mounting surface, two elongated key grooves 15 are formed in the mounting surface, and the longitudinal direction of the key grooves 15 is parallel to the end surface of the brake disk. As shown in fig. 11, 12 and 13, a position indicating pin 20 is further attached to the forceps body, the position indicating pin 20 includes a rod portion 21 in a long rod shape and a head portion 22, an outer edge of the head portion 22 protrudes out of an outer wall of the rod portion 21, an end of the rod portion 21 facing the head portion 22 has a concave insertion hole 23, an end of the head portion 22 facing the rod portion 21 has a convex insertion portion 24, and the insertion portion 24 is detachably inserted into the insertion hole 23.

As shown in fig. 10, the outer side wall of the forceps body further has a first protruding positioning portion 18 and a second protruding positioning portion 19, both the first positioning portion 18 and the second positioning portion 19 are rectangular, the length directions of the two positioning portions are perpendicular to each other, and the first positioning portion 18 and the second positioning portion 19 are arranged at intervals.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. A basic brake device comprises a caliper body, a bracket (1), a brake disc (2), an air chamber (3) and brake pads (4) respectively arranged at two sides of the brake disc (2), and is characterized in that the caliper body comprises a main caliper body (5) and an auxiliary caliper body (6) respectively arranged at two sides of the brake disc (2), the main caliper body (5) and the auxiliary caliper body (6) are connected through a connecting bolt, the two brake pads (4) are respectively correspondingly connected with the main caliper body (5) and the auxiliary caliper body (6), the main caliper body (5) and the auxiliary caliper body (6) can float relative to the bracket (1) during braking, one end of the main caliper body (5) far away from the brake disc (2) is provided with an air chamber (3) mounting surface, the center of the air chamber (3) is approximately and vertically fixed on the air chamber (3) mounting surface of the main caliper body (5) through a bolt, the brake disc brake device is characterized in that a push rod (7) of the air chamber (3) can push a brake disc (4) to press the brake disc (2) through a self-adjusting mechanism (9) to achieve braking, the self-adjusting mechanism (9) comprises a cam lever (8), a shifting pin (10) connected to the cam lever (8) and an adjusting sleeve (11), a notch (12) is formed in the adjusting sleeve (11), the shifting pin (10) is inserted into the notch (12) and can rotate towards the side wall direction of the notch (12) along with rotation of the cam lever (8), a concave acting hole is formed in the cam lever (8), and the push rod (7) of the air chamber (3) can stretch into the acting hole and push the cam lever (8) to swing.

2. Foundation brake arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the pin (10) is cylindrical, the side walls of the recess (12) being plane, the pin (10) being able to make line contact with the side walls of the recess (12) when approaching.

3. The foundation brake device according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical one-way bearing is arranged in the adjusting sleeve (11), the one-way bearing is tightly matched with the adjusting sleeve (11), an inner sleeve is further arranged in the one-way bearing, a solenoid screw linkage mechanism is arranged in the inner sleeve, a clutch cover is arranged at the upper end of the solenoid screw linkage mechanism, a push plate is connected to the lower end of the solenoid screw linkage mechanism, a friction plate type overload clutch is further arranged between the clutch cover and the inner sleeve, a pre-tightening spring is sleeved on the outer side of the adjusting sleeve (11), and a thrust bearing is arranged between the pre-tightening spring and the friction plate type overload clutch.

4. Foundation brake arrangement according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a long sliding pin (13) is fastened to the bracket (1), the main caliper body (5) and the secondary caliper body (6) being connected to the long sliding pin (13) and the main caliper body (5) and the secondary caliper body (6) being able to float relative to the long sliding pin (13) during braking.

5. Foundation braking device according to claim 4, characterized in that the long sliding pin (13) is sleeved on the outside with an annular sealing ring (14).

6. The foundation brake arrangement as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the caliper body further comprises a connecting portion for connecting with an axle, the connecting portion has a planar mounting surface, the mounting surface is provided with two elongated key slots (15), and the length direction of the key slots (15) is parallel to the end surface of the brake disc.

7. Foundation braking arrangement according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the air chamber (3) has a parking brake interface (16) and a service brake interface (17), the parking brake interface (16) being larger or smaller than the service brake interface (17).

8. The foundation brake device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the outer side of the caliper body is provided with a first positioning part (18) and a second positioning part (19) which are protruded, the first positioning part (18) and the second positioning part (19) are both in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the length directions of the first positioning part and the second positioning part are mutually perpendicular, and the first positioning part (18) and the second positioning part (19) are arranged at intervals.

9. The foundation brake device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the caliper body is further fixedly connected with a position indicating pin (20), the position indicating pin (20) comprises a rod part (21) in the shape of a long rod and a head part (22), the outer edge of the head part (22) protrudes out of the outer wall of the rod part (21), one end of the rod part (21) facing the head part (22) is provided with a concave insertion hole (23), one end of the head part (22) facing the rod part (21) is provided with a convex insertion part (24), and the insertion part (24) is detachably inserted into the insertion hole (23).