CN211980782U

CN211980782U - Novel hydrogen-water separator for fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN211980782U
Application number: CN202021136824.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢小明; 江洪春; 董志亮; 于强; 秦连庆; 唐廷江; 杨堃
Original assignee: Datong Hydrogen Xiongyunding Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Xiongtao Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-18
Filing date: 2020-06-18
Publication date: 2020-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel fuel cell hydrogen water separator, including shell, mesh pipe, mesh board, tail gas bamboo joint, hydrogen backward flow bamboo joint, drainage bamboo joint, water collection portion and solenoid valve of admitting air, hydrogen backward flow bamboo joint, tail gas bamboo joint and drainage bamboo joint are fixed respectively at the top of shell, lateral wall and bottom, and all communicate with the shell, the mesh pipe is fixed inside the shell and surrounds hydrogen backward flow bamboo joint and the intercommunicating pore of shell, and the mesh board is fixed in mesh pipe bottom, the water collection portion is fixed in the shell bottom, the drainage bamboo joint passes through the solenoid valve and is connected with the water collection portion. This hydrogen water separator has cancelled special filter core, low in production cost, can improve fuel cell's output efficiency, and the comdenstion water is collected conveniently to solved the frozen problem of comdenstion water, the gas tightness is good, has reduced the risk that hydrogen leaked.

Description

Novel hydrogen-water separator for fuel cell

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the hydrogen fuel cell technique and specifically relates to a novel fuel cell hydrogen water separator.

Background

The hydrogen as the automobile alternative fuel has good advancing acceleration, combustion adaptability, low-temperature starting performance, full working condition high efficiency and the like, and in addition, the product of hydrogen combustion is water, so that the environment cannot be polluted, and the zero-pollution target is really realized; with the development of hydrogen production, storage, transportation and use technologies, hydrogen fuel cells are widely popularized, and especially proton exchange membrane fuel cell engines are widely applied in different fields in recent years. Hydrogen and air are used as reactants to be input into the fuel cell to carry out reaction power generation, and the generated water needs to be discharged by the excessive reactants to ensure the continuous reaction in the cell. Also, to ensure sufficient reactant concentrations and water removal requirements, fuel stoichiometry is often above 1.0. The unreacted fuel is discharged outside the cell to be recycled, so that the utilization rate of the fuel can be greatly improved, the economy of the fuel cell is improved, the hydrogen concentration of final emissions is reduced, and the explosion is avoided.

Most of the existing hydrogen tail discharge water distribution devices adopt special filter elements, the filter elements allow hydrogen to pass through, and water vapor cannot pass through. The hydrogen in the tail exhaust mixed gas is filtered through the surface of the filter element and then is conveyed to the hydrogen reflux pump for cyclic utilization, and the water vapor is blocked outside the filter element and accumulated into water drops and finally collected at the lower part of the water distribution device for periodic discharge. The number and length of the filter elements need to be arranged according to the flow of the tail exhaust mixed gas, so that the total effective filtering area of the filter elements is adapted to the flow requirement. However, the water diversion device adopting the special filter element mainly has the following defects:

1. the filter element has higher manufacturing cost, the cost of the whole engine is increased, and especially a plurality of filter elements need to be arranged when the tail drainage flow is larger; the cost is increased, the volume of the whole water separator is increased, and the requirement of light weight is difficult to meet; the hydrogen has large flow resistance when passing through the filter element, and the hydrogen reflux pump needs larger rotating speed to provide negative pressure to suck the refluxed hydrogen, so that the parasitic power of the fuel cell engine is increased, and the final net output power of the fuel cell is influenced.

2. Liquid water is easy to remain at the lower part of the water distribution box close to the water outlet, the water outlet is easy to be blocked by icing when the external temperature reaches zero, and in order to not influence the use, additional deicing measures are required; increasing the difficulty and cost of the arrangement.

3. In order to meet the requirements of gas-water separation and liquid drainage, the water distribution box is usually designed into a multi-cavity split structure, the structure is complex, the assembly time is long, the connection among multiple cavities needs to be sealed, and split parts are fastened through threaded connecting pieces by adopting sealing rings. The hydrogen molecules are active, the weight is the lightest, leakage is easy to occur, in order to prevent leakage, the requirements of the size precision and the roughness of the sealing groove need to be strictly controlled, and the sealing ring needs to be made of high-temperature-resistant and chemical-corrosion-resistant rubber, so that the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are greatly increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the technical problem, the utility model provides a novel fuel cell hydrogen water separator, this hydrogen water separator has cancelled special filter core, low in production cost, can improve fuel cell's output efficiency, and the comdenstion water is collected conveniently to solved the frozen problem of comdenstion water, the gas tightness is good, has reduced the risk of hydrogen leakage.

The utility model provides a novel hydrogen water separator of fuel cell, includes shell, mesh pipe, mesh board, tail gas bamboo joint of admitting air, hydrogen backward flow bamboo joint, drainage bamboo joint, water collection portion and solenoid valve, hydrogen backward flow bamboo joint, tail gas bamboo joint of admitting air and drainage bamboo joint are fixed respectively at the top, lateral wall and the bottom of shell, and all communicate with the shell, the mesh pipe is fixed inside the shell and surrounds hydrogen backward flow bamboo joint and the intercommunicating pore of shell, and the mesh board is fixed in mesh socle portion, the water collection portion is fixed in the shell bottom, the drainage bamboo joint passes through the solenoid valve and is connected with water collection portion.

Preferably, the water collecting device further comprises a liquid level sensor, and the liquid level sensor is arranged on the water collecting part.

Preferably, the holes on the mesh plate pipe are uniformly distributed, the holes on the mesh plate diffuse outwards along the circle center of the mesh plate, and the density gradually decreases.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the electromagnetic valve is a heating electromagnetic valve.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the housing is cylindrical.

Preferably, in the above aspect, the water collection portion has a truncated cone shape.

Preferably, the shell, the mesh pipe, the mesh plate, the tail gas inlet bamboo joint, the hydrogen backflow bamboo joint and the water collecting part are all made of stainless steel materials and are connected with one another in a welding mode.

Preferably, the electromagnetic valve is in threaded connection with the water collecting part and the water discharging bamboo joint.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

1. the hydrogen water separator body adopts the stainless steel combination welding process to form, and unnecessary seal structure and relevant kit of parts have been cancelled to the gas tightness of assurance water knockout drum that can be fine, have reduced the part cost, simple structure moreover, small, convenient assembling can effectively improve production efficiency, practices thrift manufacturing cost.

2. The heating electromagnetic valve is arranged, so that the problem of freezing of the condensed water is solved.

3. Set up the water-collecting part to set up level sensor on the water-collecting part, when being favorable to the condensation to collect, can control the water level height of water-collecting part, guarantee hydrogen water separator's internal pressure, avoid hydrogen to discharge in the atmosphere from the drainage bamboo joint.

4. The mesh pipe and the mesh plate are adopted to replace a special filter element in the prior art, the production cost of the hydrogen-water separator is reduced, the volume of the hydrogen-water separator is reduced, the flow resistance of hydrogen passing through the mesh pipe and the mesh plate is small, the hydrogen reflux pump can provide negative pressure suction reflux hydrogen without a large rotating speed, the parasitic power of a fuel cell engine can be reduced, and the net output power of the fuel cell is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 2.

The reference numbers are as follows: the device comprises a shell 1, a mesh pipe 2, a mesh plate 3, a tail gas inlet bamboo joint 4, a hydrogen backflow bamboo joint 5, a water drainage bamboo joint 6, a water collecting part 7 and an electromagnetic valve 8.

Detailed Description

The present embodiment is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The novel fuel cell hydrogen-water separator shown in fig. 1 to 4 comprises a shell 1, a mesh pipe 2, a mesh plate 3, a tail gas inlet bamboo joint 4, a hydrogen backflow bamboo joint 5, a water discharge bamboo joint 6, a water collecting portion 7 and an electromagnetic valve 8, wherein the hydrogen backflow bamboo joint 5, the tail gas inlet bamboo joint 4 and the water discharge bamboo joint 6 are respectively fixed at the top, the side wall and the bottom of the shell 1 and are communicated with the shell 1, the mesh pipe 2 is fixed inside the shell 1 and surrounds the hydrogen backflow bamboo joint 5 and a communication hole of the shell 1, the mesh plate 3 is fixed at the bottom of the mesh pipe 2, the water collecting portion 7 is fixed at the bottom of the shell 1, and the water discharge bamboo joint 6 is connected with the water collecting portion 7 through the electromagnetic valve 8.

In this embodiment, a level sensor (not shown in the drawings) is further included, which is provided on the water collection portion 7 for monitoring the level of water in the water collection portion 7.

In this embodiment, the holes on the mesh pipe 2 are uniformly distributed, and the holes on the mesh plate 3 are diffused outwards along the circle center, so that the density is gradually reduced.

In the present embodiment, the solenoid valve 8 is a heating solenoid valve.

In the present embodiment, the housing 1 has a cylindrical shape.

In the present embodiment, the water collection portion 7 has a truncated cone shape.

In this embodiment, the housing 1, the mesh pipe 2, the mesh plate 3, the tail gas inlet bamboo joint 4, the hydrogen backflow bamboo joint 5 and the water collecting part 7 are all made of stainless steel materials and are connected with each other by welding.

In the present embodiment, the solenoid valve 8 is screwed to the water collection portion 7 and the drainage slub 6.

The working principle of this embodiment is as follows.

An anode outlet of the fuel cell is connected with the tail gas inlet bamboo joint 4, excessive hydrogen and water vapor contained in anode reaction discharge enter the shell 1 from the tail gas inlet bamboo joint 4, high-temperature and high-humidity mixed gas enters the shell 1 with a larger volume from the tail gas inlet bamboo joint 4, the volume is expanded, the temperature is reduced, and part of water vapor in the mixed gas is condensed into water drops and directly collected to the water collecting part 7; in addition, the mixed gas generates rotary motion between the mesh pipe 2 and the shell 1, the volume is further enlarged, the temperature is reduced, and partial water vapor is condensed into water drops. Because the mass of the water vapor is heavier than that of the hydrogen, under the action of centrifugal force, the water vapor is separated from the hydrogen and moves along the radial direction of the shell 1, is thrown to the inner surface of the shell 1 and is adhered to the inner surface of the shell 1, and is converged into water drops; when the mixed gas penetrates through the mesh pipes 2 and the mesh plates 3, part of water vapor is adhered to the mesh pipes 2 and the mesh plates 3 to be accumulated into water drops by collision, in addition, the holes on the mesh pipes 2 and the mesh plates 3 can reduce the internal energy of the high-temperature mixed gas and condense part of water vapor, and the high-temperature mixed gas contacts the surface of the metal shell 1 with lower temperature, so that part of water vapor can be condensed into water drops. Through the multiple condensation, finally, relatively dry hydrogen enters the anode inlet of the fuel cell from the hydrogen backflow joint 5.

The condensed water droplets are collected in the water collecting portion 7 and are discharged by intermittently turning on the electromagnetic valve 8. Water collection portion 7 installation level sensor can monitor the water level of water collection portion 7, and then control solenoid valve 8's drainage time, keeps solenoid valve 8 to leave a small amount of water all the time in the drainage process and floods drainage bamboo joint 6, keeps hydrogen water separator internal pressure for hydrogen can not discharge through drainage bamboo joint 6, and the pressure of stable positive pole reaction side that can be fine. When the fuel cell normally operates, the liquid water of high temperature is stored in the hydrogen water knockout drum for a short time and is discharged very fast, and the phenomenon of freezing can not exist, and after shutting down, the positive pole sweeps the back, and the freezing possibility of remaining trace water droplet is less to, can carry out the deicing through the heating of solenoid valve, do not have the risk of freezing and blockking up the drainage bamboo joint.

In this embodiment, the model number adopted by the solenoid valve 8 is SMCXV 2.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a novel fuel cell hydrogen water separator which characterized in that: the hydrogen backflow bamboo joint, the tail gas inflow bamboo joint and the water drainage bamboo joint are respectively fixed on the top, the side wall and the bottom of the shell and are communicated with the shell, the mesh pipe is fixed inside the shell and surrounds the hydrogen backflow bamboo joint and a communication hole of the shell, the mesh plate is fixed at the bottom of the mesh pipe, the water collection portion is fixed at the bottom of the shell, and the water drainage bamboo joint is connected with the water collection portion through the electromagnetic valve.

2. The hydrogen water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include level sensor, level sensor locates on the water collecting part.

3. The hydrogen water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the holes on the mesh plate pipe are uniformly distributed, the holes on the mesh plate diffuse outwards along the circle center of the holes, and the density gradually decreases.

4. The hydrogen water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electromagnetic valve is a heating electromagnetic valve.

5. The hydrogen water separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the housing is cylindrical.

6. The hydrogen water separator of claim 5, characterized in that: the water collecting part is in a cone frustum shape.

7. The hydrogen water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shell, the mesh pipe, the mesh plate, the tail gas inlet bamboo joint, the hydrogen backflow bamboo joint and the water collecting part are all made of stainless steel materials and are connected with one another in a welding mode.

8. The hydrogen water separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electromagnetic valve is in threaded connection with the water collecting part and the water discharging bamboo joint.