CN211957791U - Negative current collector with composite structure and energy storage device - Google Patents

Negative current collector with composite structure and energy storage device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN211957791U
CN211957791U CN202020329149.5U CN202020329149U CN211957791U CN 211957791 U CN211957791 U CN 211957791U CN 202020329149 U CN202020329149 U CN 202020329149U CN 211957791 U CN211957791 U CN 211957791U
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current collector
negative current
substrate
metal film
negative
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陈牧
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Giant Glass Solid Energy Suzhou Film Material Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The utility model provides a negative pole mass flow body and energy storage device of composite construction adopts and carries out porous processing on the negative pole mass flow body surface, makes the surface form porous structure, has increased negative pole mass flow body surface coating's negative pole material's contact surface area, increase the adhesion, promotes battery current density and multiplying power performance simultaneously. Compared with a copper foil negative current collector, the negative current collector with the composite structure has the advantages that the overall weight of the negative current collector is reduced by 10% -50%, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced; the plastic base material has stronger tensile strength, can bear larger tension and pressure in the subsequent processing, and improves the manufacturing compatibility. By adopting the transition layer structure, the adhesiveness of the negative current collector is increased, and the falling of the negative current collector is avoided, so that the performance attenuation of the current collector and even the integral failure of the battery are avoided.

Description

Negative current collector with composite structure and energy storage device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a new generation lithium ion battery makes technical field, in particular to negative current collector and energy storage device of composite construction.
Background
The existing lithium ion battery generally adopts copper foil as a negative current collector, the copper foil is manufactured by an electrolytic method, and the typical thickness is 6-8 μm; the aluminum foil is used as a positive electrode current collector, is manufactured by a rolling method and has a typical thickness of 8-10 mu m. Currently, the main problems with these two metal foil materials are: high cost, mass proportion (about 15 percent of the total weight of the battery), poor flexibility, light weight, poor stability and safety, and insufficient bonding force with active substances. These all limit the improvement of the charge-discharge cycle and the rate capability of the lithium ion battery, are one of the important sources of potential safety hazards of the battery, and also limit the application of the lithium ion battery in some special scenes.
Thus, the prior art has a large room for improvement and lift.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above-mentioned prior art not enough, the utility model aims at providing a negative pole mass flow body of composite construction and energy storage device based on this, when aiming at replacing current lithium ion battery's copper foil negative pole mass flow body, more flexible frivolous, the cost is lower, stability is stronger, reduced the quality simultaneously and account for the proportion to further promote energy storage device's energy density.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
a negative current collector with a composite structure comprises a substrate made of a plastic material and a metal film layer deposited on the surface of the substrate.
The negative electrode current collector with the composite structure further comprises a transition layer arranged between the substrate and the metal film layer.
The negative current collector with the composite structure is characterized in that metal film layers are deposited on the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate.
The negative current collector with the composite structure is characterized in that a transition layer is arranged between the substrate and the metal film layer.
The negative current collector with the composite structure is characterized in that the thickness of the metal film layer is 10-3000 nm.
The negative electrode current collector with the composite structure is characterized in that the metal film layer has a porous structure, and the distribution diameter of pores of the porous structure is 0.1-300 mu m.
The negative current collector with the composite structure is characterized in that the overall porosity of the porous structure is 0.1% -30%.
The negative electrode current collector with the composite structure is characterized in that the thickness of the transition layer is 5-500 nm.
The negative current collector with the composite structure is characterized in that the metal film layer is a copper or copper alloy film.
An energy storage device comprising a negative current collector of a composite structure as described above.
Has the advantages that: the utility model provides a negative current collector with a composite structure, which realizes the integral weight reduction of 10-50% of the negative current collector by adopting a mode of combining a plastic substrate and a film, is realized in production and greatly reduces the manufacturing cost; meanwhile, the plastic substrate in the composite film layer has stronger tensile strength, can bear larger tension and pressure in the subsequent processing, and improves the compatibility of the subsequent manufacturing of the battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a negative current collector (single-sided film) with a composite structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a negative current collector (double-sided film) with a composite structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a negative current collector (a single-sided film and a transition layer) with a composite structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a negative current collector (a double-sided film and a transition layer) with a composite structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a negative current collector (a porous single-sided film and a transition layer) with a composite structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a negative current collector (a double-sided film with a porous structure and a transition layer) with a composite structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid-state lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a negative pole mass flow body and energy storage device of composite construction, for making the utility model discloses a purpose, technical scheme and effect are clearer, clear and definite, and it is right that the following refers to the drawing and the embodiment is lifted the utility model discloses further detailed description. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connect" or "connect" as used herein includes both direct and indirect connections (connections), unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Referring to fig. 1, as shown in fig. 1, a negative current collector of a composite structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a substrate 10 made of plastic material and a metal film layer 30 deposited on the surface of the substrate.
Specifically, the base material includes, but is not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polyimide (PI), Polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), Polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polypropylene (PP), Polyolefin (POE), Polyamide (PA). A metal film layer is deposited on one surface of a substrate by adopting a vacuum coating method (such as thermal evaporation, electron beam evaporation and magnetron sputtering), a wet chemical method (such as electroplating), a coating method and the like to prepare a negative electrode current collector layer so as to form a single-side film structure.
Optionally, the thickness of the negative current collector layer ranges from 10 to 100nm, 100-500nm, 500-1000nm, 1000-1500nm, 1500-2000nm, 2000-2500nm, and 2500-3000 nm.
Further, the thickness of the plastic substrate can be 2-20 μm, the surface of the substrate is flat, and the roughening pretreatment can be performed. The roughening treatment can make the metal film layer and the plastic substrate combined more firmly. The metal film layer may be a copper or copper alloy film.
In the embodiment, plastic is used as a substrate material, and a metal film layer is deposited on the substrate, so that the overall weight reduction of the negative current collector is realized by 10% -50%; the plastic substrate has stronger tensile strength, can bear larger tension and pressure in the subsequent processing, and improves the manufacturing compatibility.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a metal film layer 30 may be deposited on the upper surface of the plastic substrate 10, and a metal film 31 may be deposited on the lower surface of the plastic substrate to form a double-sided film structure. When the negative current collector layer is made of two surfaces, the two surfaces of the substrate can be coated with the positive material, so that the material utilization rate is improved, and the energy storage device with high energy density is finally formed.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector of the composite structure further comprises a transition layer disposed between the substrate and the metal film layer.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, a transition layer 20 is added on the upper surface of the plastic substrate 10 by a vacuum coating method (such as evaporation and magnetron sputtering), a wet chemical method (such as electroplating), an atmospheric coating method, and the like, wherein the thickness of the transition layer 20 is 5-500nm, and a thin film with a thickness of less than 5nm has no cohesive force, and a thin film with a thickness of more than 500nm is too thick and has weak adhesive force, which also affects the overall energy density of the battery. The transition layer is adopted to increase the binding force between the negative current collector layer and the plastic substrate, and a buffer layer for releasing stress is also formed.
As an alternative, as shown in fig. 4, transition layers 30, 31 may be added on the upper surface and the lower surface of the plastic substrate 10 by vacuum coating (e.g. evaporation, magnetron sputtering), wet chemical (e.g. electroplating), coating, etc. The transition layer increases the binding power between the negative current collector layer and the plastic substrate and also forms a buffer layer for releasing stress. When the negative current collector layer is adopted, the positive electrode materials can be coated on the two sides of the substrate, so that the material utilization rate is improved, and finally, the energy storage device with high energy density, such as a lithium ion battery, is formed.
In one or more embodiments, the metal film layer has a porous structure having pores 301 with a distribution diameter of 0.1 to 300 μm.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, a porous treatment is performed on the surface of the metal film layer 30 to increase the surface roughness, and the treatment method includes, but is not limited to, plasma etching, photolithography, anodic oxidation, laser etching, and the like to form micropores with a distribution diameter of 0.1-300 μm. By carrying out porous treatment on the surface of the metal film layer 30, the contact area between the negative electrode current collector layer and a negative electrode material in a subsequent procedure can be increased, so that the current density of the battery in the charging and discharging process can be increased, and the multiplying power performance of the battery can be improved.
In the embodiment, the overall porosity of the porous structure is 0.1-30%, the depth is 5-2000nm, and the sheet resistance of the surface of the film is 5-200 milliohm/square.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the surface of the metal film layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate 10 may be porous to increase the surface roughness, and the treatment method includes, but is not limited to, plasma etching, photolithography, anodic oxidation, laser etching, etc., to form micropores with a distribution diameter of 0.1-300 μm. When a double-sided film layer is provided, the deposited film layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the substrate may be the same or different. For example, the thickness of the metal film layer deposited on the upper surface of the substrate may be the same as or different from the thickness of the metal film layer deposited on the lower surface of the substrate, and the methods used for forming the metal film layers may be the same or different. When the metal film layer is subjected to porous treatment, there may be no transition layer between the metal film layer and the substrate.
The negative pole mass flow body based on above-mentioned composite construction, as shown in fig. 7, the utility model also provides an energy storage device, energy storage device includes for encapsulating the all solid state film lithium cell certainly: a battery body 01 which is folded; the battery body 01 comprises a substrate 10, a negative current collector layer 11, a negative electrode layer 12, an electrolyte layer 13, a positive electrode layer 14, a positive current collector layer 15, a positive electrode tab 16, a packaging layer 17, the negative current collector layer 11 and the substrate 10 are sequentially stacked on the surface of the substrate 10 from bottom to top and serve as a negative current collector of a composite structure, the specific structure of the negative current collector of the composite structure is described in the above, and the details are not repeated here.
In this embodiment, the battery body is folded in a folding manner, an original independent battery structure is changed into two internal parallel battery structures after the battery is folded, the area of the folded battery is half of the area of the original battery, and the capacity of the battery is about 1.5-2 times of the original battery. The layers originally positioned on the upper part of the substrate are changed into layers positioned between the two substrates through folding, and the substrates can play a role of packaging the battery (equivalent to a cover plate and a sealing edge), so that packaging materials are reduced, and the production cost of the battery is reduced.
To sum up, the utility model provides a composite construction negative pole mass flow body and energy storage device adopts and carries out porous treatment on the negative pole mass flow body surface, makes the surface form porous structure, has increased negative pole mass flow body surface coating's negative pole material's contact surface area, increase the adhesion, promotes lithium ion battery current density simultaneously. The weight of the whole negative current collector is reduced by 10-50% through the plastic base material; the plastic base material has stronger tensile strength, can bear larger tension and pressure in the subsequent processing, and improves the manufacturing compatibility. By adopting the structure of the transition layer, the adhesiveness of the negative current collector is increased, and the falling of the negative current collector is avoided, so that the performance attenuation of the current collector is caused.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The negative current collector with a composite structure is characterized by comprising a plastic substrate and a metal film layer deposited on the surface of the substrate; the metal film layer has a porous structure.
2. The composite structured negative electrode current collector of claim 1, further comprising a transition layer disposed between the substrate and the metal film layer.
3. The composite structured negative electrode current collector of claim 1, wherein the substrate has a metal film layer deposited on both the upper and lower surfaces thereof.
4. The composite structured negative electrode current collector as claimed in claim 3, wherein a transition layer is disposed between the substrate and the metal film layer.
5. The composite structured negative electrode current collector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate has a thickness of 2 to 20 μm and the metal film layer has a thickness of 10 to 3000 nm.
6. The composite structured negative electrode current collector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the porous structure has a pore distribution diameter of 0.1 to 300 μm.
7. The composite structural negative electrode current collector of claim 6, wherein the overall porosity of the porous structure is between 0.1% and 30%.
8. The composite structured negative electrode current collector according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the transition layer is 5 to 500 nm.
9. The composite structure negative electrode current collector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the metal film layer is a copper or copper alloy film.
10. An energy storage device comprising a negative electrode current collector of the composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202020329149.5U 2020-03-16 2020-03-16 Negative current collector with composite structure and energy storage device Active CN211957791U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114864951A (en) * 2022-03-04 2022-08-05 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 Composite current collector for lithium ion battery cathode and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114864951A (en) * 2022-03-04 2022-08-05 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 Composite current collector for lithium ion battery cathode and preparation method thereof
CN114864951B (en) * 2022-03-04 2024-01-19 苏州臻锂新材科技有限公司 Composite current collector for lithium ion battery cathode and preparation method thereof

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GR01 Patent grant
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TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20201120

Address after: Room 103, building 3, No. 41, Jiangpu Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Patentee after: Giant glass solid energy (Suzhou) film material Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Building 7, heqingyuan, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100095

Patentee before: Chen Mu

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PE01 Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right

Denomination of utility model: A negative current collector and energy storage device with composite structure

Effective date of registration: 20211019

Granted publication date: 20201117

Pledgee: Suzhou Rongfeng Technology Microfinance Co.,Ltd.

Pledgor: Giant glass solid energy (Suzhou) film material Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2021320010424

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Date of cancellation: 20231017

Granted publication date: 20201117

Pledgee: Suzhou Rongfeng Technology Microfinance Co.,Ltd.

Pledgor: Giant glass solid energy (Suzhou) film material Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2021320010424

PC01 Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right