CN211902823U - Structure for retarding high-temperature corrosion of convection heating surface of waste incineration waste heat boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a slow down structure that msw incineration exhaust-heat boiler convection heating surface high temperature corrodes. The utility model discloses a reasonable receives the hot side to arrange, avoids taking place serious high temperature corrosion. Four flues of msw incineration exhaust-heat boiler conventionally adopt water-cooling membrane type wall, the utility model discloses four flue ceilings and both sides wall are overheated, and steam-water flow goes up the steam drum and goes out saturated steam at first through ceiling and side package wall, and the soda density difference of having avoided pressure to improve water cooling system diminishes, and the water cycle characteristic variation phenomenon of worsening of heat transfer such as soda layering appears. The overheating ceiling and the cladding heat exchange medium are changed into single-phase medium, so that the heat transfer deterioration condition does not exist, and the device is relatively safe and reliable. Meanwhile, the overheating ceiling and the cladding can bear a part, the overheating steam absorbs heat, and the over-high smoke temperature entering the convection heating surface is avoided.

Description

Structure for retarding high-temperature corrosion of convection heating surface of waste incineration waste heat boiler

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a slow down structure that msw incineration exhaust-heat boiler convection heating surface high temperature corrodes.

Background

The garbage fuel has large fluctuation, and the fluctuation of the combustion process, the smoke composition, the smoke quantity and the smoke temperature is large; the smoke of the incinerator has complex components and contains chloride, alkali metal, heavy metal and the like; the content of solid matters with low melting point in the smoke dust is high. The steam parameters of existing waste incinerators remain relatively low due to the high concentration of chemical elements and high temperatures that make the hot face tube bundle susceptible to corrosion.

In the water-cooled wall area, due to the complex smoke atmosphere, the temperature of the outer wall of the pipe on the fire side of the area with higher smoke temperature is high, the pressure of the main steam is increased, the pressure of the steam drum and the water-cooled wall is increased accordingly, and the corresponding saturation temperature is increased correspondingly. The temperature of a steam-water mixing area in the water-cooled wall is increased, so that the temperature of the water-cooled wall is increased, and the corrosion risk is increased, so that the selection of the main steam pressure of the waste incineration waste heat boiler is mainly limited by the corrosion risk of the water-cooled wall.

The selection of the main steam temperature is mainly limited by the fact that after the temperature is increased, the corrosion risk of a high-temperature heating surface is directly aggravated. At present, the waste incineration waste heat boiler mainly takes medium temperature and medium pressure (4MPa, 400 ℃) and medium temperature and secondary high pressure (6.4MPa, 450 ℃) as main components. Along with the continuous decline of the income duty ratio of the subsidy of the garbage, the improvement of the power generation income has great significance to the garbage incineration power plant.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at: slow down the high temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration exhaust-heat boiler.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is to provide a structure for slowing down the high temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of a waste incineration waste heat boiler, which is characterized by comprising a horizontal flue furnace top superheater inlet header arranged on a horizontal flue, saturated steam from a boiler barrel is introduced into the horizontal flue furnace top superheater inlet header and then enters the horizontal flue furnace top superheater for absorbing heat, and then enters a horizontal flue furnace top superheater outlet header, the horizontal flue furnace top superheater outlet header is communicated with an inlet of a header on a horizontal flue rear half side wall, an outlet of the header on the horizontal flue rear half side wall is communicated with a horizontal flue rear half side wall, superheated steam absorbed by the horizontal flue rear half side wall is introduced into a horizontal flue side wall lower header and then enters the horizontal flue front half side wall, and the superheated steam is collected to the horizontal flue front half side wall upper header after passing through the horizontal flue front half side wall, the header on the side cladding wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue is communicated with the inlet header of the first-level superheater, steam which flows out of the header on the side cladding wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue enters the first-level superheater to absorb heat and then is collected to the outlet header of the first-level superheater, the outlet header of the first-level superheater is communicated with the inlet header of the second-level superheater, the steam absorbs heat through the second-level superheater and then is collected to the outlet header of the second-level superheater, the outlet header of the second-level superheater is communicated with the inlet header of the first-level superheater, and the steam absorbs heat through the first-level superheater and the second-level superheater, the steam is collected to an outlet header of a second-level superheater, the outlet header of the second-level superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a third-level superheater, the steam is collected to an outlet header of the third-level superheater after being absorbed by the third-level superheater, and the outlet header of the third-level superheater is communicated with a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine;

most steam in high-exhaust steam of the steam turbine is introduced into an inlet header of a first-stage reheater I, and then is subjected to heat absorption by the first-stage reheater I, the second-stage reheater and the third-stage reheater in sequence and then is collected to an outlet header of the third-stage reheater I; a small part of steam in the high exhaust steam of the steam turbine is used for participating in adjusting the temperature of the reheated steam, the small part of steam is merged with the reheated steam from the outlet header of the first-stage reheater III and then is introduced into the inlet header of the second-stage reheater, the merged steam is subjected to heat exchange by the second-stage reheater and then is converged into the outlet header of the second-stage reheater, and then the merged steam is sent to a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder to do work;

the primary superheater II, the tertiary superheater, the secondary reheater, the secondary superheater II, the secondary superheater I and the primary superheater I are sequentially arranged in the horizontal flue; the first-stage reheater I, the second-stage reheater II and the third-stage reheater III are arranged in the tail flue.

Preferably, a first desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline connecting an outlet header of the first-stage superheater and an inlet header of the second-stage superheater;

a second desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline connecting an outlet header of the second superheater with an inlet header of the third superheater;

most steam in the high-exhaust steam of the steam turbine is introduced into an inlet header of the first-stage reheater through a third desuperheater;

the other technical scheme of the utility model is to provide a structure for slowing down the high temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration exhaust-heat boiler, which is characterized in that the structure comprises a horizontal flue furnace top superheater inlet header arranged on a horizontal flue, saturated steam from a boiler barrel is introduced into the horizontal flue furnace top superheater inlet header to realize heat absorption and then enters a horizontal flue furnace top superheater outlet header, the horizontal flue furnace top superheater outlet header is communicated with an inlet of a header on a horizontal flue rear half side wall, an outlet of the header on the horizontal flue rear half side wall is communicated with the horizontal flue rear half side wall, superheated steam after heat absorption by the horizontal flue rear half side wall is introduced into a horizontal flue side wall lower header and then enters a horizontal flue front half side wall, and then the superheated steam is collected to the header on the horizontal flue front half side wall, a header on the side cladding wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue is communicated with an inlet header of a primary superheater, steam which flows out of the header on the side cladding wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue enters the primary superheater from the inlet header of the primary superheater to absorb heat and then is collected to an outlet header of the primary superheater, an outlet header of the primary superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a primary superheater, the steam is collected to an outlet header of a secondary superheater after being absorbed by the primary superheater and the secondary superheater, an outlet header of the secondary superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a tertiary superheater, the steam is collected to an outlet header of the tertiary superheater after being absorbed by the tertiary superheater, and an outlet header of the tertiary superheater is communicated with a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine;

high exhaust steam of the steam turbine is introduced into an inlet header of a first-stage reheater I, absorbs heat through the first-stage reheater I and a second-stage reheater II and then is collected to an outlet header of the first-stage reheater I, the outlet header of the first-stage reheater I is communicated with an inlet header of a third-stage reheater I, reheated steam after heat exchange of the third-stage reheater I is collected to an outlet header of the third-stage reheater I, then is introduced into an inlet header of a second-stage reheater I, is collected to an outlet header of the second-stage reheater after heat exchange of the second-stage reheater I, and finally is sent to a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder for;

the primary reheater III, the tertiary superheater, the secondary reheater, the secondary superheater II, the secondary superheater I and the primary superheater are sequentially arranged in the horizontal flue; the first-stage reheater and the second-stage reheater are arranged in the tail flue.

Preferably, a third desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline of an outlet header of the primary superheater and an inlet header of the secondary superheater;

a fourth desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline of an outlet header of the second superheater communicated with an inlet header of the third superheater;

and high-exhaust steam of the steam turbine is introduced into an inlet header of the first-stage reheater through the desuperheater five.

The other technical scheme of the utility model is to provide a structure for slowing down the high temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration exhaust-heat boiler, which is characterized by comprising a horizontal flue furnace top superheater inlet header arranged on a horizontal flue, saturated steam from a boiler barrel is introduced into the horizontal flue furnace top superheater inlet header and then enters the horizontal flue furnace top superheater to absorb heat, the saturated steam enters the horizontal flue furnace top superheater outlet header after absorbing heat through the horizontal flue furnace top superheater, the horizontal flue furnace top superheater outlet header is communicated with the inlet of the header on the horizontal flue rear half side wrapping wall, the outlet of the header on the horizontal flue rear half side wrapping wall is communicated with the horizontal flue rear half side wrapping wall, the superheated steam after absorbing heat through the horizontal flue rear half side wrapping wall is introduced into the horizontal flue side wrapping wall lower header, and enters the horizontal flue front half side wrapping wall through the horizontal flue side wrapping wall lower header, then collecting the steam to a header on a side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue, wherein the header on the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue is communicated with an inlet header of a first-level superheater, the steam which flows out of the header on the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue enters the first-level superheater for absorbing heat through the inlet header of the first-level superheater and then is collected to an outlet header of the first-level superheater, an outlet header of the first-level superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a second-level superheater, the steam is collected to an outlet header of the second-level superheater after absorbing heat through the first-level superheater and the second-level superheater, an outlet header of the second-level superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a third-level superheater, and the steam is collected to an outlet header of the third-level superheater after absorbing heat through the third-level superheater, finally, the working fluid is sent to a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine to do work;

the primary superheater II, the tertiary superheater, the secondary superheater II, the secondary superheater I and the primary superheater I are sequentially arranged in the horizontal flue.

Preferably, a sixth desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline of an outlet header of the second primary superheater communicated with an inlet header of the first secondary superheater;

and a seventh desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline of the outlet header of the second-stage superheater communicated with the inlet header of the third-stage superheater.

The utility model discloses has following effect:

1) the utility model discloses a reasonable receives the hot side to arrange, avoids taking place serious high temperature corrosion.

2) The four flues of the waste incineration waste heat boiler conventionally adopt water-cooling membrane walls, but for a heating surface of a ceiling, the steam-water density difference of a water-cooling system is reduced along with the increase of pressure, the water circulation characteristic of the water-cooling ceiling is reduced, and the heat transfer deterioration phenomena such as steam-water stratification and the like are easy to occur. The utility model discloses four flue ceilings and both sides wall cladding are overheated, and the steam-water flow goes up the steam pocket and goes out saturated steam at first through ceiling and side package wall. The heat exchange medium of the overheating ceiling is changed into a single-phase medium, so that the heat transfer deterioration condition does not exist, and the heat exchange system is relatively safe and reliable. Meanwhile, the overheating ceiling and the cladding can bear a part, the overheating steam absorbs heat, and the over-high smoke temperature entering the convection heating surface is avoided.

3) The utility model discloses with partial low temperature heating surface leading, can effectively avoid high smoke temperature and high vapour temperature stack, the partial low temperature heating surface of leading controls high temperature convection heating surface import smoke temperature at lower level, can effectively avoid the high temperature heating surface to corrode.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure for alleviating high-temperature corrosion on the convection heating surface of a waste incineration waste heat boiler in embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure for alleviating high-temperature corrosion on the convection heating surface of the waste incineration waste heat boiler in embodiment 2;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure for alleviating high-temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration waste heat boiler in embodiment 3.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Example 1

The structure for slowing down the high-temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration waste heat boiler disclosed by the embodiment is shown in figure 1:

saturated steam at the outlet of the drum 1 is introduced into a horizontal flue furnace top superheater inlet header 3 through a connecting pipe 2, and the furnace top superheater inlet header 3 is communicated with a horizontal flue furnace top superheater 4. The steam absorbs heat through the horizontal flue furnace top superheater 4 and then enters the horizontal flue furnace top superheater outlet header 5. An outlet header 5 of a superheater on the top of the horizontal flue is communicated with a header 6 on a side wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue, and the header 6 on the side wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue is communicated with the side wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue. The superheated steam absorbed by the side wrapping wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue is introduced into a lower header 7 of the side wrapping wall of the horizontal flue, then enters the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue, and is collected into a header 8 of the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue. And the steam which is discharged from the upper header 8 of the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue is led out to an inlet header 10 of a first-stage superheater 11 through a connecting pipe 9.

The outlet steam of the furnace top and the cladding superheater enters the primary superheater 11 from the inlet header 10 of the primary superheater 11, absorbs heat through the primary superheater 11 and then is collected to the outlet header 12 of the primary superheater 11. The outlet header 12 is communicated with an inlet header 14 of a second primary superheater 15 through a connecting pipe 13. The steam is introduced into the second primary superheater 15 through the inlet header 14, absorbs heat through the second primary superheater 15, and then is collected to the outlet header 16 of the second primary superheater 15. The outlet header 16 is communicated with an inlet header 19 of a first secondary superheater 20 through a connecting pipe 17 and a desuperheater 18. Steam enters the first secondary superheater 20 through the inlet header 19, absorbs heat through the first secondary superheater 20 and the second secondary superheater 21, and then is collected to the outlet header 22 of the second secondary superheater 21. The outlet header 22 is communicated with an inlet header 24 of a tertiary superheater 25 through a connecting pipe 22 and a desuperheater 23. Steam enters the tertiary superheater 25 through the inlet header 24, absorbs heat through the tertiary superheater 25, then is collected to the outlet header 26 of the tertiary superheater 25, and finally is sent to the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine for acting through the outlet connecting pipe 27 of the boiler.

Most of the turbine high-exhaust steam is introduced into the inlet header 30 of the primary reheater A31 through the connecting pipe 28 and the desuperheater 29, absorbs heat through the primary reheater A31, the primary reheater B32 and the primary reheater C33, and then is collected to the outlet header 34 of the primary reheater C33. And a small part of high exhaust steam of the steam turbine participates in regulating the temperature of the reheated steam, is merged with the reheated steam subjected to heat exchange by the primary reheater A31, the primary reheater B32 and the primary reheater C33 through the connecting pipe 35, is introduced into the inlet header 37 of the secondary reheater 38 through the connecting pipe 36, is merged into the outlet header 39 of the secondary reheater 38 after heat exchange by the secondary reheater 38, and is finally sent into a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder for acting through the connecting pipe 40.

In the embodiment 1, the superheated steam has a large specific heat capacity, the wall temperature deviation of the heating surface pipe is easy to control, and the wall temperature is prevented from rising when the superheated steam is placed in an area with the smoke temperature higher than 600 ℃.

Example 2

The structure for slowing down the high-temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration waste heat boiler disclosed by the embodiment is shown in fig. 2:

saturated steam at the outlet of the drum 1 is introduced into a horizontal flue furnace top superheater inlet header 3 through a connecting pipe 2, and the furnace top superheater inlet header 3 is communicated with a horizontal flue furnace top superheater 4. The heat is absorbed by the horizontal flue furnace top superheater 4 and then enters the horizontal flue furnace top superheater outlet header 5. An outlet header 5 of a superheater on the top of the horizontal flue is communicated with a header 6 on a side wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue, and the header 6 on the side wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue is communicated with the side wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue. The superheated steam absorbed by the side wrapping wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue is introduced into a lower collecting box 7 of the side wrapping wall of the horizontal flue, then enters the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue, and is collected to a collecting box 8 of the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue. And the steam which is discharged from the upper header 8 of the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue is led out to an inlet header 10 of a first-stage superheater 11 through a connecting pipe 9.

The outlet steam of the furnace top and the cladding superheater enters the first primary superheater 11 from the inlet header 10 of the first primary superheater 11 to absorb heat and then is collected to the outlet header 12 of the first primary superheater 11. The outlet header 12 enters the inlet header 19 of the first secondary superheater 20 through the connecting pipe 41 and the desuperheater 42, absorbs heat through the first secondary superheater 20 and the second secondary superheater 20, and then is collected to the outlet header 22 of the second secondary superheater 20. The outlet header 22 is connected to the inlet header 24 of the tertiary superheater 25 via a connecting pipe 43 and a desuperheater 44. The steam absorbs heat in the tertiary superheater 25 and then is collected to the outlet header 26 of the tertiary superheater 25, and finally is sent to the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine for acting through the outlet connecting pipe 45 of the superheater.

The high exhaust steam of the steam turbine is introduced into the inlet header 30 of the primary reheater A31 through the connecting pipe 48 and the desuperheater 47, absorbs heat through the primary reheater A31 and the primary reheater B32, and then is collected to the outlet header 34 of the primary reheater B32. The reheated steam after heat exchange in the primary reheater C33 is then merged to the outlet header 34 of the primary reheater C33 via the connection pipe 46 to the inlet header 49 of the primary reheater C33, and is then introduced to the inlet header 37 of the secondary reheater 38 via the connection pipe 50. The steam is collected to an outlet header 39 of the secondary reheater 38 after heat exchange in the secondary reheater 38, and finally sent to a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder to do work through a connecting pipe 48.

Example 3

For the situation that the temperature of the superheated steam is only increased without a flue gas reheater, the structure for slowing down the high-temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration exhaust-heat boiler disclosed by the embodiment is shown in fig. 3:

saturated steam at the outlet of the drum 1 is introduced into a horizontal flue furnace top superheater inlet header 3 through a connecting pipe 2, and the furnace top superheater inlet header 3 is communicated with a horizontal flue furnace top superheater 4. The heat is absorbed by the horizontal flue furnace top superheater 4 and then enters the horizontal flue furnace top superheater outlet header 5. An outlet header 5 of a superheater on the top of the horizontal flue is communicated with a header 6 on a side wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue, and the header 6 on the side wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue is communicated with the side wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue. The superheated steam absorbed by the side wrapping wall of the rear half part of the horizontal flue is introduced into a lower collecting box 7 of the side wrapping wall of the horizontal flue, then enters the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue, and is collected to a collecting box 8 of the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue. The steam which is discharged from the upper header 8 of the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue is led out to an inlet header 10 of a first-stage superheater 11 through a connecting pipe 9

The outlet steam of the furnace top and the cladding superheater enters the first primary superheater 11 from the inlet header 10 of the first primary superheater 11 to absorb heat and then is collected to the outlet header 12 of the first primary superheater 11. The outlet header 12 is communicated with the inlet header 14 of the second primary superheater 15 through a connecting pipe 51. And the steam absorbs heat through the second primary superheater 15 and then is collected to an outlet header 16 of the second primary superheater 15. The outlet header 16 is communicated with the inlet header 19 of the first secondary superheater 20 through a connecting pipe 52 and a desuperheater 53. And the steam absorbs heat through the first secondary superheater 20 and the second secondary superheater 21 and then is collected to an outlet header 22 of the second secondary superheater 21. The outlet header 22 is communicated with the inlet header 24 of the tertiary superheater 25 via a connecting pipe 54 and a desuperheater 55. The steam absorbs heat in the tertiary superheater 25 and then is collected to the outlet header 26 of the tertiary superheater 25, and finally is sent to the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine for acting through the outlet connecting pipe 56 of the superheater.

Claims (6)

1. A structure for retarding the high-temp corrosion of convection heating surface of afterheat boiler for garbage incineration is composed of an inlet header of the superheater on top of horizontal flue, the saturated steam from boiler drum, the inlet header of said superheater, the outlet header of said superheater, the side wall of the rear half wall of horizontal flue, the side wall of the front half wall of horizontal flue, the superheated steam, which is sucked by the side wall of the rear half wall of horizontal flue, and the upper header of the side wall of the front half wall, the header on the side cladding wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue is communicated with the inlet header of the first-level superheater, steam which flows out of the header on the side cladding wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue enters the first-level superheater to absorb heat and then is collected to the outlet header of the first-level superheater, the outlet header of the first-level superheater is communicated with the inlet header of the second-level superheater, the steam absorbs heat through the second-level superheater and then is collected to the outlet header of the second-level superheater, the outlet header of the second-level superheater is communicated with the inlet header of the first-level superheater, and the steam absorbs heat through the first-level superheater and the second-level superheater, the steam is collected to an outlet header of a second-level superheater, the outlet header of the second-level superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a third-level superheater, the steam is collected to an outlet header of the third-level superheater after being absorbed by the third-level superheater, and the outlet header of the third-level superheater is communicated with a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine;

most steam in high-exhaust steam of the steam turbine is introduced into an inlet header of a first-stage reheater I, and then is subjected to heat absorption by the first-stage reheater I, the second-stage reheater and the third-stage reheater in sequence and then is collected to an outlet header of the third-stage reheater I; a small part of steam in the high exhaust steam of the steam turbine is used for participating in adjusting the temperature of the reheated steam, the small part of steam is merged with the reheated steam from the outlet header of the first-stage reheater III and then is introduced into the inlet header of the second-stage reheater, the merged steam is subjected to heat exchange by the second-stage reheater and then is converged into the outlet header of the second-stage reheater, and then the merged steam is sent to a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder to do work;

the primary superheater II, the tertiary superheater, the secondary reheater, the secondary superheater II, the secondary superheater I and the primary superheater I are sequentially arranged in the horizontal flue; the first-stage reheater I, the second-stage reheater II and the third-stage reheater III are arranged in the tail flue.

2. The structure for relieving the high-temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration waste heat boiler as recited in claim 1, wherein a first desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline connecting an outlet header of the second superheater and an inlet header of the first superheater;

a second desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline connecting an outlet header of the second superheater with an inlet header of the third superheater;

most of steam in the high-exhaust steam of the steam turbine is introduced into an inlet header of the first-stage reheater through a third desuperheater.

3. A structure for retarding the high-temp corrosion of convection heating surface of afterheat boiler for garbage incineration is composed of an inlet header of horizontal flue top superheater, a horizontal flue top superheater inlet header, a horizontal flue top superheater outlet header communicated with the inlet of the header on the back half wall of horizontal flue, a horizontal flue top superheater outlet header communicated with the front half wall of horizontal flue, and a horizontal flue top superheater outlet header communicated with the inlet of the first-stage superheater, steam which is discharged from a header on the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue enters a first-stage superheater from an inlet header of the first-stage superheater to absorb heat and then is collected to an outlet header of the first-stage superheater, an outlet header of the first-stage superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a first-stage superheater, the steam is absorbed by the first-stage superheater and a second-stage superheater and then is collected to an outlet header of a second-stage superheater, an outlet header of the second-stage superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a third-stage superheater, the steam is collected to an outlet header of the third-stage superheater after being absorbed by the third-stage superheater, and an outlet header of the third-stage superheater is communicated;

high exhaust steam of the steam turbine is introduced into an inlet header of a first-stage reheater I, absorbs heat through the first-stage reheater I and a second-stage reheater II and then is collected to an outlet header of the first-stage reheater I, the outlet header of the first-stage reheater I is communicated with an inlet header of a third-stage reheater I, reheated steam after heat exchange of the third-stage reheater I is collected to an outlet header of the third-stage reheater I, then is introduced into an inlet header of a second-stage reheater I, is collected to an outlet header of the second-stage reheater after heat exchange of the second-stage reheater I, and finally is sent to a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder for;

the primary reheater III, the tertiary superheater, the secondary reheater, the secondary superheater II, the secondary superheater I and the primary superheater are sequentially arranged in the horizontal flue; the first-stage reheater and the second-stage reheater are arranged in the tail flue.

4. The structure for relieving the high-temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration waste heat boiler as recited in claim 3, wherein a third desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline of the outlet header of the primary superheater communicated with the inlet header of the primary superheater;

a fourth desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline of an outlet header of the second superheater communicated with an inlet header of the third superheater;

and high-exhaust steam of the steam turbine is introduced into an inlet header of the first-stage reheater through the desuperheater five.

5. A structure for retarding the high-temp corrosion of convection heating surface of afterheat boiler for garbage incineration is composed of an inlet header of the superheater on top of horizontal flue, the saturated steam from boiler drum, the inlet header of said superheater, the outlet header of said header, and the lower header of said header, then collecting the steam to a header on a side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue, wherein the header on the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue is communicated with an inlet header of a first-level superheater, the steam which flows out of the header on the side wrapping wall of the front half part of the horizontal flue enters the first-level superheater for absorbing heat through the inlet header of the first-level superheater and then is collected to an outlet header of the first-level superheater, an outlet header of the first-level superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a second-level superheater, the steam is collected to an outlet header of the second-level superheater after absorbing heat through the first-level superheater and the second-level superheater, an outlet header of the second-level superheater is communicated with an inlet header of a third-level superheater, and the steam is collected to an outlet header of the third-level superheater after absorbing heat through the third-level superheater, finally, the working fluid is sent to a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine to do work;

the primary superheater II, the tertiary superheater, the secondary superheater II, the secondary superheater I and the primary superheater I are sequentially arranged in the horizontal flue.

6. The structure for relieving the high-temperature corrosion of the convection heating surface of the waste incineration waste heat boiler as defined in claim 5, wherein a sixth desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline of an outlet header of the second primary superheater communicated with an inlet header of the first secondary superheater;

and a seventh desuperheater is arranged on a pipeline of the outlet header of the second-stage superheater communicated with the inlet header of the third-stage superheater.

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