CN211893100U - High-voltage circuit of electric automobile - Google Patents
High-voltage circuit of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN211893100U CN211893100U CN201922391928.8U CN201922391928U CN211893100U CN 211893100 U CN211893100 U CN 211893100U CN 201922391928 U CN201922391928 U CN 201922391928U CN 211893100 U CN211893100 U CN 211893100U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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Abstract
The application discloses a high-voltage circuit of an electric automobile, which comprises a high-voltage power supply, a pre-charging controllable switch, a discharging controllable switch, a multifunctional resistor and a high-voltage electric appliance module; the high-voltage power supply, the pre-charging controllable switch, the multifunctional resistor and the high-voltage electric appliance module are connected in series to form a pre-charging loop of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile; the discharge controllable switch, the multifunctional resistor and the high-voltage electric appliance module are connected in series to form a discharge loop of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile; the high-voltage electric appliance module comprises a high-voltage capacitor; when the discharging controllable switch is switched off and the pre-charging controllable switch is switched off, the pre-charging loop is communicated so that the high-voltage power supply can pre-charge the high-voltage capacitor through the multifunctional resistor; when the pre-charging controllable switch is switched off and the discharging controllable switch is switched off, the discharging loop is communicated so that the high-voltage capacitor is discharged through the multifunctional resistor. The high-voltage circuit solves the problems that a pre-charging resistor and a discharging resistor in the prior art are respectively arranged, the size is large, and the cost is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a high-voltage circuit of an electric automobile.
Background
In the new energy automobile field, high-voltage electric appliance has high-voltage capacitor, when supplying power to high-voltage electric appliance, need charge high-voltage capacitor earlier to avoid the direct impact high-voltage capacitor of heavy current and switching device and cause the condition that high-voltage electric appliance damaged. I.e. a pre-charge circuit is required to charge the high-voltage capacitor. The principle of the pre-charging circuit for charging the high-voltage capacitor is that a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging relay are added into the pre-charging circuit to control the charging current of the high-voltage capacitor.
After the electric automobile is powered off, a large amount of charges are stored in the high-voltage capacitor, so that the high-voltage capacitor is dangerous to high-voltage electric appliances and operators, and therefore the high-voltage capacitor needs to be discharged firstly. That is, a discharge circuit needs to be designed to discharge the high-voltage capacitor. The principle of the discharge circuit discharging the high-voltage capacitor is that a discharge resistor is added in the discharge circuit to discharge. The existing pre-charging resistor and the discharging resistor are respectively arranged, so that the size is large and the cost is high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides an electric automobile's high-voltage circuit to the pre-charge resistance who solves among the prior art sets up respectively with discharge resistor, and is bulky, problem with high costs.
The application provides a high-voltage circuit of an electric automobile, which comprises a high-voltage power supply, a pre-charging controllable switch, a discharging controllable switch, a multifunctional resistor and a high-voltage electrical appliance module;
the high-voltage power supply, the pre-charging controllable switch, the multifunctional resistor and the high-voltage electric appliance module are connected in series to form a pre-charging loop of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile;
the discharge controllable switch, the multifunctional resistor and the high-voltage electric appliance module are connected in series to form a discharge loop of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile;
the high-voltage electric appliance module comprises a high-voltage capacitor;
when the discharging controllable switch is switched off and the pre-charging controllable switch is switched off, the pre-charging loop is communicated so that the high-voltage power supply pre-charges the high-voltage capacitor through the multifunctional resistor;
when the pre-charging controllable switch is turned off and the discharging controllable switch is turned off, the discharging loop is communicated to discharge the high-voltage capacitor through the multifunctional resistor.
In one embodiment, the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle further includes a main controllable switch, and the high-voltage power supply, the main controllable switch and the high-voltage consumer module are connected in series to form a main charging loop of the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle;
when the pre-charging controllable switch and the discharging controllable switch are disconnected and the main controllable switch is closed, the main charging loop is communicated so that the high-voltage power supply charges the high-voltage electric appliance module.
In one embodiment, the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle further comprises a battery management system, the battery management system is connected with the pre-charging loop, the main charging loop and the discharging loop, and the battery management system is used for controlling connection and disconnection of the pre-charging loop, the main charging loop and the discharging loop.
In one embodiment, the battery management system includes a voltage detection unit configured to detect a voltage of the high-voltage capacitor to generate a voltage detection value.
In an embodiment, the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle further includes a control unit, the control unit is connected to the voltage detection unit, and the control unit is configured to control the on and off of the pre-charge controllable switch, the main controllable switch, and the discharge controllable switch.
In one embodiment, the control unit is capable of determining whether the voltage detection value is greater than a preset pre-charge voltage threshold, and when the voltage detection value is greater than the preset pre-charge voltage threshold, by controlling the pre-charge controllable switch to be turned off, the main controllable switch is turned on to turn off the pre-charge circuit and turn on the main charge circuit.
In one embodiment, the control unit is capable of determining whether the voltage detection value is smaller than a preset safe voltage threshold, and controlling the discharge controllable switch to be turned off to turn off the discharge circuit when the voltage detection value is smaller than the preset safe voltage threshold.
In one embodiment, the preset safe voltage threshold is 36V or 60V.
In one embodiment, the high-voltage electric appliance module comprises a plurality of sub-modules, the plurality of sub-modules are connected in parallel, and each sub-module comprises one high-voltage capacitor.
In one embodiment, the discharge controllable switch is a relay, an IGBT or a MOSFET.
According to the high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile, the functions of the pre-charging resistor and the discharging resistor are integrated into the multifunctional resistor, so that the functions which are completed by two resistors originally can be simplified into the functions which are completed by using the same resistor, on one hand, the functions of the multifunctional resistor are integrated, the installation and the maintenance are convenient, the damage in case of failure is small, the circuit function definition of the high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile is clearer, and the function integration of the circuit of the whole automobile is facilitated; on the other hand, the cost and the installation space of a high-power resistor and a control circuit thereof are saved, the power density and the volume density of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile are improved, the economic benefit is high, the flexibility is high, and the application range is wide.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a high voltage circuit of a prior art electric vehicle;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a high-voltage circuit of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the field of new energy vehicles, as shown in fig. 1, a high-voltage electrical appliance has a high-voltage capacitor C1, and when the high-voltage electrical appliance is powered, the high-voltage capacitor C1 needs to be charged first, so that the situation that a large current directly impacts controllable switching devices such as a relay and a contactor and the high-voltage capacitor to damage the controllable switching devices and the high-voltage electrical appliance is avoided. I.e. a pre-charge circuit is required to charge the high-voltage capacitor. The principle of the pre-charging circuit for charging the high-voltage capacitor is that a pre-charging resistor R 'and a pre-charging relay S1' are added into the pre-charging circuit to control the charging current of the high-voltage capacitor C1.
After the electric automobile is powered off, a large amount of charges are stored in the high-voltage capacitor, so that great danger is brought to high-voltage electric appliances and operators, and therefore the high-voltage capacitor needs to be discharged firstly. That is, a discharge circuit needs to be designed to discharge the high-voltage capacitor. The principle of the discharge circuit discharging the high-voltage capacitor is that a discharge resistor R1 is added in the discharge circuit, and the discharge resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the high-voltage capacitor C1 for discharging. The conventional pre-charging resistor R' and the conventional discharging resistor R1 are respectively arranged, so that the volume is large and the cost is high.
In view of this, referring to fig. 2, the present application provides a high voltage circuit of an electric vehicle, which includes a high voltage power supply, a pre-charging controllable switch S1, a discharging controllable switch S2, a multifunctional resistor R, and a high voltage electrical equipment module 10.
The high-voltage power supply, the pre-charging controllable switch S1, the multifunctional resistor R and the high-voltage electric appliance module 10 are connected in series to form a pre-charging loop of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile; the discharge controllable switch S2, the multifunctional resistor R and the high-voltage electric appliance module 10 are connected in series to form a discharge loop of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile; the high-voltage electric appliance module 10 comprises a high-voltage capacitor C; when the discharging controllable switch S2 is turned off and the pre-charging controllable switch S1 is turned on, the pre-charging loop is connected to enable the high-voltage power supply to pre-charge the high-voltage capacitor C through the multifunctional resistor R; when the pre-charging controllable switch S1 is turned off and the discharging controllable switch S2 is turned on, the discharging circuit is connected to discharge the high-voltage capacitor C through the multifunctional resistor R.
It can be understood that, before the whole vehicle is powered on, only the pre-charging controllable switch S1 is closed, so that the pre-charging loop is connected, and the current of the high-voltage power supply flows through the multifunctional resistor R to the high-voltage capacitor C to pre-charge the high-voltage capacitor C. Along with the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C is larger and larger, the voltage variation (voltage of the high-voltage power supply-voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C) is smaller and smaller, namely, the pre-charging current is smaller and smaller, so that the situation that the high-voltage capacitor C and the pre-charging controllable switch S1 are damaged due to the fact that large current directly impacts the high-voltage capacitor C and the pre-charging controllable switch S1 can be effectively avoided. In the whole vehicle power-on period, the high-voltage capacitor C stores a large amount of charges, and if the charges are discharged in time, the risk of accidental touch of operators is increased, so that serious safety accidents are caused. Therefore, after the whole vehicle is powered off, only the controllable switch S2 that discharges is closed, so that the discharge loop is communicated, the high-voltage capacitor C flows through the multifunctional resistor R as a power supply to start discharging, and along with the advancing of the discharging process, the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C is smaller and smaller, so that the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C can be effectively released to the range that the safety voltage is not easily touched by a person, and the personal safety of an operator is favorably ensured.
Therefore, the multifunctional resistor R can be used as a pre-charging resistor in the pre-charging loop, so that the resistance value of the pre-charging loop is improved, the pre-charging efficiency is further improved, and the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C can be quickly increased to a safe voltage range which is not easily influenced by a large current. And the multifunctional resistor R can also be used as a discharge resistor in a discharge loop, so that the resistance value of the discharge loop is improved, the discharge efficiency is further improved, and the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C can be quickly released to a range where the human error touch on the safe voltage is not easily caused. Namely, the multifunctional resistor R has the double functions of a pre-charging resistor and a discharging resistor.
By integrating the functions of the pre-charging resistor and the discharging resistor into the multifunctional resistor R, the functions which are completed by two resistors originally can be simplified into the functions which are completed by using the same resistor, so that on one hand, the functions of the multifunctional resistor R are integrated, the installation and the maintenance are convenient, the associated damage is small during the fault, the circuit function definition of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile is clearer, and the function integration of a whole automobile circuit is facilitated; on the other hand, the cost and the installation space of a high-power resistor and a control circuit thereof are saved, the power density and the volume density of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile are improved, the economic benefit is high, the flexibility is high, and the application range is wide.
It should be noted that the multifunctional resistor R is a power resistor, which can not only bear the requirement of the precharge current when the precharge circuit is connected, but also meet the requirement of the discharge power when the discharge circuit is connected. In other words, the resistance of the multifunctional resistor R needs to be designed according to the actual requirements of the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle, for example, the resistance can be adjusted according to the output capability of the high-voltage power supply, the output capability of the precharge controllable switch S1, and the like.
In addition, in the embodiment of this application, when the multi-function resistor R used as the discharge resistor, it was established ties in the return circuit that discharges, promptly with high-voltage capacitor C series connection, from this, can avoid discharge resistor and high-voltage capacitor C parallel arrangement in the conventional design, the problem of the continuous power consumption that leads to and increase cost for be difficult to maintain when the problem appears, increase the fault rate of high-voltage electrical apparatus that high-voltage capacitor C corresponds easily, when short circuit or the serious trouble that fires appear in discharge resistor, the problem that the loss is big jointly.
It should be noted that the improvement of the multifunctional resistor R in the present application can be applied to other application scenarios. Specifically, the series arrangement of the discharge controllable switch S2 and the multifunctional resistor R may be separately disposed inside a controller of a high-voltage electrical appliance having a high-voltage capacitor C, such as a motor controller, for example, or inside an uninterruptible power supply, such as an inverter, for example, or other circuits having a large-capacity dc capacitor and requiring pre-charging and discharging, and the control principle is not changed, and still falls within the protection scope of the present application.
In the embodiment of the application, the high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile further comprises a main controllable switch S3, and the high-voltage power supply, the main controllable switch S3 and the high-voltage electric appliance module 10 are connected in series to form a main charging loop of the high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile; when the pre-charging controllable switch S1 and the discharging controllable switch S2 are turned off and the main controllable switch S3 is turned on, the main charging loop is connected to allow the high-voltage power supply to charge the high-voltage consumer module 10.
It is understood that the pre-charge controllable switch S1, the main controllable switch S3 and the discharge controllable switch S2 are connected in parallel, i.e. the pre-charge controllable switch S1, the main controllable switch S3 and the discharge controllable switch S2 are not operated in parallel, but in sequence. In other words, when the entire vehicle is powered on, the pre-charging controllable switch S1 is closed, the main controllable switch S3 and the discharging controllable switch S2 are opened, the pre-charging circuit is connected, and the high-voltage capacitor C is pre-charged. When the pre-charging is finished, the pre-charging controllable switch S1 is switched off, and the main controllable switch S3 is switched on, so that the discharging controllable switch S2 is still kept in an off state, the main charging loop is connected, and the whole vehicle power-on process is finished. When the whole vehicle is powered off, the main controllable switch S3 is switched off, and the discharging controllable switch S2 is switched on, so that the pre-charging controllable switch S1 is still kept in an off state, the discharging loop is connected, and the high-voltage capacitor C discharges. When the discharging process is completed, the discharge controllable switch S2 is turned off, and the discharging process is ended.
In the embodiment of the application, the high-voltage power supply is a high-voltage battery pack which can store electric energy, provide high-voltage electric requirements needed by an electric automobile and supply power to the pre-charging loop and the discharging loop during the power-on period of the whole automobile.
The pre-charge controllable switch S1 is a relay, which can be connected in series with the multi-function resistor R to pre-charge the high-voltage capacitor C before the main controllable switch S3 is closed, so as to prevent the high-voltage capacitor C from being broken down due to a large current surge.
The main controllable switch S3 is a contactor, and can provide a physical breakpoint when the high voltage power supply is turned off, so as to disconnect the high voltage power supply from the high voltage electrical equipment module 10, and when the high voltage power supply is turned on and the entire vehicle meets the power-on condition, the main charging circuit is connected to supply power to the high voltage electrical equipment module 10 by closing the contact electric shock.
The discharging controllable switch S2 is a relay, which can be closed to discharge the high-voltage capacitor C after the entire vehicle is powered off and under the condition that the pre-charging controllable switch S1 and the main controllable switch S3 are both open. Of course, in other embodiments, the discharge controllable switch S2 may also be an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) or a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), which is not limited in this application.
It can be understood that the high voltage electrical apparatus module 10 is a module formed by high voltage electrical apparatuses on the whole vehicle, the high voltage electrical apparatus module 10 may include one, two or more sub-modules 11 arranged in parallel, and each sub-module 11 may implement a function of an independent high voltage electrical apparatus. That is, each sub-module 11 can be regarded as a high-voltage electrical appliance, and since the plurality of sub-modules 11 are connected in parallel, no interference occurs between any two sub-modules 11. In other words, each high-voltage electrical appliance operates independently. For example, the high-voltage electrical equipment may be, but is not limited to, a DC-DC converter (Direct-current-Direct-current converter), an On-board Charger (OBC), an Air conditioning compressor (AC), a Motor Controller (MCU), a high-voltage distribution box (PDU), an Electronic Stability system (Electronic Stability Program, ESP), an oil pump, a water pump, and an On-board heater.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present application, the high voltage electrical equipment module 10 includes a plurality of sub-modules 11, the sub-modules 11 are connected in parallel, and each sub-module 11 can implement the function of a high voltage electrical equipment, so that each sub-module 11 includes a high voltage capacitor C. It should be noted that, in the three sub-modules 11 counted from left to right in fig. 2, the first sub-module 11 may be a motor controller, the second sub-module may be a vehicle-mounted warm air with a resistive load, and the third sub-module may be a vehicle-mounted charger with an inductive load, an air-conditioning compressor, a vehicle body electronic stability system, a DC-DC converter, or the like, but fig. 2 only illustrates the three sub-modules 11 and their arrangement, and the actual number and arrangement of the sub-modules 11 are not limited thereto, and may be adjusted according to actual situations, which is not specifically limited by the present application.
It can be understood that when the pre-charging loop is connected, the high-voltage power supply pre-charges the high-voltage capacitors C of all the high-voltage electrical appliances through the multifunctional resistor R. When the pre-charging circuit is disconnected and the main charging circuit is connected, the high-voltage power supply charges all high-voltage electric appliances of the whole vehicle, at this time, the charging object of the high-voltage power supply is not only the high-voltage capacitor C of the high-voltage electric appliances, but also a sub-charging circuit formed by other parts inside the high-voltage electric appliances, specifically, each sub-module 11 includes the capacitor C and at least one sub-charging circuit, fig. 2 shows only an illustration, three or one sub-charging circuits are drawn in each sub-module 11, and the actual number is not limited to this. In other words, the entire high-voltage electrical appliance is charged. When the main charging loop is disconnected and the discharging loop is connected, the high-voltage capacitors C of all the high-voltage electric appliances are discharged through the multifunctional resistor R. Therefore, the number of the sub-modules 11 can be designed by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs, and the number of the sub-modules 11 can be one sub-module 11, namely, one high-voltage electric appliance on the whole vehicle, or can be multiple sub-modules 11, namely, all high-voltage electric appliances on the whole vehicle.
Further, the high voltage circuit of the electric vehicle further includes a Battery Management System (BMS) (not shown), the BMS being connected to the pre-charge circuit, the main charge circuit and the discharge circuit, the BMS being configured to monitor the pre-charge circuit, the main charge circuit and the discharge circuit in real time for timely adjustment of the pre-charge, the main charge and the discharge. Namely, the battery management system is used for controlling connection and disconnection of the pre-charging loop, the main charging loop and the discharging loop. The pre-charging loop, the main charging loop and the discharging loop are controlled through the battery management system, the function definition is clearer, the maintenance is more convenient and faster, and the design cost and the maintenance cost are reduced.
Specifically, the battery management system includes a voltage detection unit for detecting a voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C to generate a voltage detection value, and a control unit connected to the voltage detection unit. The control unit is used for realizing the function that the battery management system controls the connection and disconnection of the pre-charging loop, the main charging loop and the discharging loop. Specifically, the control unit is used for controlling the opening and closing of the pre-charging controllable switch S1, the main controllable switch S3 and the discharging controllable switch S2.
In a possible implementation manner, when the entire vehicle meets the power-on condition, the pre-charging controllable switch S1 is first closed, the pre-charging loop is connected, and the high-voltage capacitors C of the high-voltage electric appliance modules 10 are pre-charged through the multifunctional resistor R, that is, the high-voltage capacitors C of all the high-voltage electric appliances of the entire vehicle are pre-charged through the multifunctional resistor R. Since the control unit can determine whether the voltage detection value is greater than the preset pre-charge voltage threshold, when the control unit determines that the voltage detection value is greater than the preset pre-charge voltage threshold, by controlling the pre-charge controllable switch S1 to be turned off, the main controllable switch S3 is turned on to turn off the pre-charge circuit and turn on the main charge circuit, and at this time, the power-on is completed. It can be understood that a voltage value greater than the preset charging voltage threshold is the above-mentioned range of the safe voltage which is not easily affected by the large current, the power-on condition of the entire vehicle is in accordance with the power-on logic of the entire vehicle, and when the power-on logic of the entire vehicle is matched, the entire vehicle is powered on. The predetermined pre-charge threshold may be, for example, 0.9 times the voltage of the high voltage power supply.
Then, when the whole vehicle meets the power-off condition, the main controllable switch S3 is turned off, and the discharging process is started. And corresponding to the power-on condition of the whole vehicle, the power-off condition of the whole vehicle is also in accordance with the power-off logic of the whole vehicle, and when the power-off logic of the whole vehicle is matched, the whole vehicle is powered off.
Then, the whole vehicle is in a discharging process, the main controllable switch S3 is detected to be in an off state by the battery management system, the discharging controllable switch S2 is closed, and the high-voltage capacitors C of the high-voltage electric appliance modules 10 are discharged through the multifunctional resistor R, that is, the high-voltage capacitors C of all the high-voltage electric appliances of the whole vehicle are discharged through the multifunctional resistor R. Since the control unit can determine whether the voltage detection value is smaller than the preset safe voltage threshold, when the control unit determines that the voltage detection value is smaller than the preset safe voltage threshold, the discharge controllable switch S2 is controlled to be turned off to disconnect the discharge loop, and the discharge process is ended.
It can be understood that it is the above that it is the range of being difficult for causing people to touch safe voltage by mistake that is less than preset safe voltage threshold, because high-voltage capacitor C has stored a large amount of charges during whole car is electrified, if whole car need overhaul after the outage, if high-voltage capacitor C still is in charged state, operating personnel may cause the incident because of the mistake touches, from this, high-voltage capacitor C's voltage need be released to preset safe voltage threshold to guarantee operating personnel's personal safety.
In a possible implementation manner, the preset safe voltage threshold is 36V, and when the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C is discharged to be less than 36V, an electric shock accident cannot be caused when an operator accidentally touches the high-voltage capacitor C. In another possible embodiment, the preset safe voltage threshold is 60V, and when the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C is discharged to be less than 60V, the actual electric shock condition of the operator is not caused. It is understood that the discharge time to discharge to 36V and 60V is different, the time required for 36V is relatively long, and the time required for 60V is relatively short, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable preset safe voltage threshold according to practical situations, which is not limited in this application.
Further, the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle further includes a fuse (not shown). The fuse includes a main fuse and a return fuse. It can be understood that the main charging circuit is provided with a main fuse, and the pre-charging circuit and the discharging circuit are respectively provided with corresponding circuit fuses. Therefore, the voltage, the current and the power in each loop can be effectively prevented from influencing each other. The independent current fuses are arranged in each loop, so that when any loop has a high-voltage fault, the loops cannot be mutually connected, namely when any loop has a short circuit and an overcurrent fault, the main fuse or the loop fuse corresponding to the loop is timely fused to cut off the loop, and other loops in the whole high-voltage circuit are prevented from being damaged.
Furthermore, each sub-module 11 is also provided with a corresponding fuse, so that when a short circuit or a fire occurs to a circuit corresponding to the sub-module 11 and the fault is serious, the circuit can be disconnected by cutting off the corresponding circuit fuse, that is, the high-voltage electrical equipment is disconnected, and further, the influence on the rest sub-modules 11 is small, that is, the influence on the rest high-voltage electrical equipment is small, and the associated loss is small.
It can be understood that, in the application of the electric vehicle, the fuse and the discharge controllable switch S2, the pre-charge controllable switch S1, and the main controllable switch S3 are disposed in the same space or box, and since the above-mentioned devices are disposed in the box which is easy to maintain, the respective maintenance costs are low, the arrangement is easy to design and assemble, and the economic benefits are strong, so that the function definition of the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle is also more definite.
According to the high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile, the function of the pre-charging resistor and the function of the discharging resistor are integrated into the multifunctional resistor R, so that the original functions which need two resistors can be simplified into the functions which need two resistors and are completed by using the same resistor, on one hand, the function of the multifunctional resistor R is integrated, the installation and the maintenance are convenient, the damage in the fault process is small, the circuit function definition of the high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile is clearer, and the function integration of the circuit of the whole automobile is facilitated; on the other hand, the cost and the installation space of a high-power resistor and a control circuit thereof are saved, the power density and the volume density of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile are improved, the economic benefit is high, the flexibility is high, and the application range is wide.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained herein using specific embodiments, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the specific implementation and application scope, to sum up, the content of the present specification should not be understood as the limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile is characterized by comprising a high-voltage power supply, a pre-charging controllable switch, a discharging controllable switch, a multifunctional resistor and a high-voltage electrical appliance module;
the high-voltage power supply, the pre-charging controllable switch, the multifunctional resistor and the high-voltage electric appliance module are connected in series to form a pre-charging loop of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile;
the discharge controllable switch, the multifunctional resistor and the high-voltage electric appliance module are connected in series to form a discharge loop of a high-voltage circuit of the electric automobile;
the high-voltage electric appliance module comprises a high-voltage capacitor;
when the discharging controllable switch is switched off and the pre-charging controllable switch is switched off, the pre-charging loop is communicated so that the high-voltage power supply pre-charges the high-voltage capacitor through the multifunctional resistor;
when the pre-charging controllable switch is turned off and the discharging controllable switch is turned off, the discharging loop is communicated to discharge the high-voltage capacitor through the multifunctional resistor.
2. The high-voltage circuit of an electric vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a main controllable switch, wherein the high-voltage power supply, the main controllable switch, and the high-voltage consumer module are connected in series to form a main charging loop of the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle;
when the pre-charging controllable switch and the discharging controllable switch are disconnected and the main controllable switch is closed, the main charging loop is communicated so that the high-voltage power supply charges the high-voltage electric appliance module.
3. The high-voltage circuit of an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a battery management system, wherein the battery management system is connected to the pre-charge circuit, the main charge circuit and the discharge circuit, and the battery management system is used for controlling the connection of the pre-charge circuit, the main charge circuit and the discharge circuit.
4. The high-voltage circuit of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the battery management system includes a voltage detection unit for detecting a voltage of the high-voltage capacitor to generate a voltage detection value.
5. The high-voltage circuit of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, further comprising a control unit connected to the voltage detection unit, the control unit being configured to control the opening and closing of the pre-charge controllable switch, the main controllable switch, and the discharge controllable switch.
6. The high voltage circuit of an electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the control unit is capable of determining whether the voltage detection value is greater than a preset pre-charge voltage threshold value, and when the voltage detection value is greater than the preset pre-charge voltage threshold value, the main controllable switch is closed to open the pre-charge circuit and connect the main charge circuit by controlling the pre-charge controllable switch to be open.
7. The high-voltage circuit of an electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the control unit is capable of determining whether the voltage detection value is less than a preset safe voltage threshold value, and disconnecting the discharge circuit by controlling the discharge controllable switch to be turned off when the voltage detection value is less than the preset safe voltage threshold value.
8. The high voltage circuit of an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein the preset safe voltage threshold is 36V or 60V.
9. The high-voltage circuit of claim 2, wherein the high-voltage consumer module comprises a plurality of sub-modules, the plurality of sub-modules being connected in parallel with each other and each sub-module comprising one of the high-voltage capacitors.
10. The high voltage circuit of an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the discharge controllable switch is a relay, an IGBT or a MOSFET.
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| CN201922391928.8U CN211893100U (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | High-voltage circuit of electric automobile |
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| CN201922391928.8U CN211893100U (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | High-voltage circuit of electric automobile |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112803385A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-14 | 深圳市汇川技术股份有限公司 | Discharging control method of vehicle-mounted charging circuit, vehicle-mounted charger and storage medium |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112803385A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-14 | 深圳市汇川技术股份有限公司 | Discharging control method of vehicle-mounted charging circuit, vehicle-mounted charger and storage medium |
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