CN211853961U

CN211853961U - Bagasse boiler

Info

Publication number: CN211853961U
Application number: CN201922276803.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘祚勖; 杨建波; 刘彦鑫; 彭川; 方慎鸿
Original assignee: China Gde Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: China Gde Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-16
Filing date: 2019-12-16
Publication date: 2020-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-16

Abstract

The utility model provides a bagasse boiler, including furnace and afterbody flue, the afterbody flue is including the first horizontal flue that connects gradually, first shaft flue, second horizontal flue and second shaft flue, the import of first horizontal flue and furnace's exit linkage, and be equipped with the high temperature over heater in it, the bottom of first horizontal flue is equipped with first ash collecting hopper, be equipped with a plurality of low temperature over heaters in the first shaft flue, and its bottom is equipped with second ash collecting hopper, be equipped with a plurality of economizers in the second shaft flue, and its bottom is equipped with third ash collecting hopper, the high temperature over heater, the soot blower is installed in low temperature over heater and economizer correspondence. The utility model discloses effectively alleviate the problem that the secondary deposition puzzled is avoided to next one-level heating surface, help taking the mars granule in the self-extinguishing flue gas simultaneously, avoid taking the sack cleaner that the granule of mars arranged behind the burning loss stove.

Description

Bagasse boiler

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the boiler equipment field especially relates to a bagasse boiler.

Background

The bagasse boiler of the cane sugar factory takes bagasse, which is a byproduct in the sugar manufacturing process, as fuel, the fuel is obtained locally and is digested locally, the fuel purchasing and transportation cost is saved, and meanwhile, environment-friendly equipment such as flue gas desulfurization and the like is not required to be additionally arranged by taking the bagasse as the fuel, so that the construction and operation cost of a thermal power station is saved. In addition, bagasse is used as a biomass fuel, and the biomass fuel is converted on site for combustion, power generation and heat supply, so that the requirements of national energy strategy and industrial policy are met.

In actual operation, it is found that fly ash generated after bagasse combustion is extremely easy to adhere to each stage of convection heating surface, and when large adhered accumulated ash on the heating surface is removed by a soot blower, the blown accumulated ash falls on the next stage of convection heating surface along with the flow of flue gas, so that secondary accumulated ash on the next stage of heating surface is caused, and the soot blowing burden of the next stage of heating surface is increased. When the accumulated dust on the next-stage heating surface is not removed in time, the accumulated dust can be gathered, hardened and bridged in a short time to block a flue gas channel, so that the flue gas resistance is increased, the output and the heat efficiency of the boiler are reduced, and the boiler needs to be shut down and cleaned in severe cases. In addition, the bad burning operating mode can lead to containing the granule of taking the spark in the flue gas among the boiler operation process, and this granule often is difficult to extinguish by oneself in traditional structural style's stove type, and when the granule of taking the spark got into the sack cleaner that the stove back was arranged, had the hidden danger of burning loss to the sack cleaner.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a bagasse boiler can improve the boiler from the dust removal ability, effectively relieves the next one-level and receives the problem that the face was avoided the secondary deposition puzzlement, helps taking the mars granule in the self-extinguishing flue gas simultaneously, avoids taking the sack cleaner of arranging behind the particle burning loss stove of mars.

The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a bagasse boiler, including furnace and afterbody flue, the afterbody flue is including the first horizontal flue that connects gradually, first shaft flue, second horizontal flue and second shaft flue, the import of first horizontal flue and the exit linkage of furnace, and be equipped with the high temperature over heater in it, the bottom of first horizontal flue is equipped with first ash collecting bucket, be equipped with a plurality of low temperature over heaters in the first shaft flue, and its bottom is equipped with second ash collecting bucket, be equipped with a plurality of economizers in the second shaft flue, and its bottom is equipped with the third ash collecting bucket, the high temperature over heater, low temperature over heater and the soot blower that the economizer corresponds the installation.

Further, still including setting up the air heater in the afterbody flue outside, air heater's top is passed through the feedwater import collection case and is linked to each other with main feed pipe, and its bottom is passed through the feedwater export collection case and is linked to each other with the water inlet that is located the economizer of below, and air heater's air outlet passes through the wind channel and links to each other with the boiler, and its income wind gap is connected with the fan through the wind channel.

Furthermore, the water supply inlet header and the water supply outlet header are connected through a plurality of pipe bundles, and the shape of the pipe bundles is zigzag.

Furthermore, the number of the air preheaters is two, and the air preheaters are respectively a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater.

Furthermore, a flue gas guide plate which plays a role in guiding flue gas is arranged in the tail flue at the position where the first horizontal flue is connected with the first vertical shaft flue and at the position where the second horizontal flue is connected with the second vertical shaft flue.

Further, the flue gas guide plate includes a plurality of crescent arcs, and a plurality of arcs interval sets up, and the arc of below is the minimum arc among a plurality of arcs.

Further, first ash collecting hopper includes the first casing of being made by the steel sheet, has arranged heat preservation castable layer, adiabatic castable layer and fire-resistant castable layer on the inner wall of first casing in proper order, and the second ash collecting hopper includes the second casing of being made by the steel sheet, has arranged heat preservation castable layer and adiabatic castable layer on the inner wall of second casing in proper order, and the third ash collecting hopper includes the third casing of being made by the steel sheet.

Furthermore, the first ash collecting hopper, the second ash collecting hopper and the third ash collecting hopper are all in a pyramid shape, and the included angle between each side surface of the first ash collecting hopper, the second ash collecting hopper and the third ash collecting hopper and the horizontal plane is 60-80 degrees.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the arrangement structure of the boiler tail flue is changed by arranging the first horizontal flue, the first vertical shaft flue, the second horizontal flue and the second vertical shaft flue, and large bonding accumulated dust blown off by the soot blower on each stage of heating surface timely falls into the dust collecting hopper of each section of flue by using the change of the flow direction of flue gas in the tail flue and is discharged from the dust collecting hopper, so that secondary accumulated dust superposition pollution caused by soot blowing action of the previous stage of heating surface on the next stage of heating surface is greatly relieved; meanwhile, the smoke turns to the flowing process, the smoke flow is prolonged, and meanwhile, the particle mixture in the smoke is strengthened to be continuously stirred and mixed, particles with sparks in the self-extinguishing smoke are facilitated, and the bag-type dust collector arranged behind the furnace is prevented from being burnt by the particles with sparks.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bagasse boiler of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between an air preheater and an economizer in the bagasse boiler according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an air preheater in the bagasse boiler according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first ash collecting hopper in the bagasse boiler of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-hearth, 2-tail flue, 21-first horizontal flue, 211-high temperature superheater, 212-first ash collecting hopper, 2121-first shell, 2122-heat preservation castable layer, 2123-heat insulation castable layer, 2124-fire-resistant castable layer, 22-first vertical flue, 221-low temperature superheater, 222-second ash collecting hopper, 23-second horizontal flue, 24-second vertical flue, 241-coal economizer, 242-third ash collecting hopper, 25-soot blower, 26-flue gas guide plate, 261-arc plate, 3-air preheater, 31-feed water inlet header, 32-feed water outlet header, 33-air flue, 34-fan, 35-primary air preheater, 36-secondary air preheater, 37-tube bundle, 4-main water supply pipe.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bagasse boiler. The utility model provides a bagasse boiler, including furnace 1 and afterbody flue 2, afterbody flue 2 is including the first horizontal flue 21 that connects gradually, first shaft flue 22, second horizontal flue 23 and second shaft flue 24, the import of first horizontal flue 21 and the exit linkage of furnace 1, and be equipped with high temperature superheater 211 in it, the bottom of first horizontal flue 21 is equipped with first ash collecting bucket 212, be equipped with a plurality of low temperature superheater 221 in the first shaft flue 22, and its bottom is equipped with second ash collecting bucket 222, be equipped with a plurality of economizers 241 in the second shaft flue 24, and its bottom is equipped with third ash collecting bucket 242, the soot blower 25 that high temperature superheater 211, low temperature superheater 221 and economizer 241 correspond and install. The first ash collecting hopper 212 is positioned below the high-temperature superheater 211, and the arrangement number of the low-temperature superheaters 221 in the first shaft flue 22 and the arrangement number of the coal economizers 241 in the second shaft flue 24 are comprehensively determined according to the boiler capacity, the biomass fuel characteristics, the flue length and the heat balance requirement. The plurality of low-temperature superheaters 221 are sequentially arranged along the vertical direction, the second ash collecting hopper 222 is positioned below the lowest low-temperature superheater 221, the plurality of coal economizers 241 are sequentially arranged along the vertical direction, the plurality of coal economizers 241 are sequentially connected in series, and the third ash collecting hopper 242 is positioned below the lowest coal economizer 241. The second horizontal flues 23 play a transitional role in taking over the turning of the tail flues 2, and no heating surface is arranged in the second horizontal flues. The flue gas outlet of the second shaft flue 24 is provided on the side wall of the second shaft flue 24 between the third ash collecting hopper 242 and the lowermost economizer 241. The soot blower 25 is used for blowing the soot on the convection heating surface corresponding to the soot blower to the soot collecting hopper below the convection heating surface, so as to effectively prevent the soot on the convection heating surface. Specifically, in the flow direction of the flue gas in the tail flue 2, each soot blower 25 is respectively installed in front of the high-temperature superheater 211, the low-temperature superheater 221 and the economizer 241, that is, in the flow direction of the flue gas in the tail flue 2, the soot blowers 25 and the corresponding convection heating surfaces are sequentially arranged at intervals.

And a flue gas guide plate 26 which plays a role in guiding flue gas is arranged in the tail flue 2 at the position where the first horizontal flue 21 is connected with the first vertical shaft flue 22 and at the position where the second horizontal flue 23 is connected with the second vertical shaft flue 24. The arrangement makes the smoke distributed evenly from the cross section of the tail flue 2. In one embodiment, the flue gas deflector 26 includes a plurality of gradually increasing curved plates 261, the plurality of curved plates 261 are arranged at intervals, and the lowermost curved plate 261 of the plurality of curved plates 261 is the smallest curved plate 261. The arrangement position and the number of settings of the arc plates 261 can be determined using a computational fluid dynamics method.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first ash collecting hopper in the bagasse boiler according to the present invention. According to the temperature range of the fly ash deposited in each flue, each ash collecting hopper can meet the functional requirements and can receive the deposited ash at each corresponding temperature level, and the equipment investment cost is saved to the maximum extent. In one embodiment, the first ash collecting bucket 212, the second ash collecting bucket 222 and the third ash collecting bucket 242 are all rhomboid, and the included angle between each side surface of the first ash collecting bucket 212, the second ash collecting bucket 222 and the third ash collecting bucket 242 and the horizontal plane is 60-80 degrees. The arrangement enables accumulated dust in each dust collecting hopper to flow out smoothly and automatically.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3 in combination, fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between the air preheater and the economizer in the bagasse boiler, and fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the air preheater in the bagasse boiler. The utility model discloses bagasse boiler is still including setting up the air heater 3 in the afterbody flue 2 outside, and air heater 3's top is passed through feedwater import collection case 31 and is linked to each other with main feed pipe 4, and the bottom is continuous with the water inlet that is located economizer 241 of below through feedwater export collection case 32, and air heater 3's air outlet passes through wind channel 33 and links to each other with the boiler, and it goes into the wind channel and is connected with fan 34 through wind channel 33. The air preheater 3 is arranged outside the tail flue 2, the working principle adopts a water heating medium heat exchange technology, high-temperature feed water at the outlet of a steam-water heat recovery system of a thermal power station is used as a heat source, cold combustion air at the outlet of a fan 34 is used as a cold source, countercurrent heat exchange is adopted between the high-temperature feed water and the cold combustion air, the operation efficiency is high, and the heat source and the cold source of the air preheater 3 are both dust-free fluids, so that the situation that the air preheater 3 needs to be shut down and cleaned due to blockage caused by dust deposition in flue gas or secondary dust deposition easily caused by soot blowing of all levels of heating surfaces at the upstream when the traditional air preheater 3 is arranged at the tail end of the tail flue 2 is avoided, and the low maintenance cost of the air preheater. In one embodiment, a regulating valve is provided between the feed water inlet header 31 and the main feed water pipe 4. The regulating valve is used for controlling and regulating the water supply flow of the air preheater in an interlocking manner, so that the temperature of hot air at the outlet of the air preheater is controlled and regulated. And the main water supply pipe 4 is also provided with a regulating valve for controlling and regulating the water supply flow of the economizer in an interlocking way, thereby regulating and controlling the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler and the water supply flow of the boiler. In one embodiment, the number of air preheaters 3 is two, namely, the primary air preheater 35 and the secondary air preheater 36. In one embodiment, the primary air preheater 35 and the secondary air preheater 36 are both located below the first shaft flue 22. The primary air preheater 35 and the secondary air preheater 36 can share a supporting steel frame with the first shaft flue 22 so as to save the cost of the boiler. In one embodiment, the feed water inlet header 31 and the feed water outlet header 32 are connected by a plurality of tube bundles 37, the tube bundles 37 having a zigzag shape. The main water supply pipe 4 is connected with the outlet of the steam-water regenerative system of the thermal power station, the high-temperature feed water of the steam-water regenerative system of the thermal power station enters the feed water inlet header 31 of the air preheater 3 through the main water supply pipe 4, the high-temperature feed water is collected by the feed water inlet header 31 and then distributed to each tube bundle 37, the high-temperature feed water flows through the interior of each tube bundle 37 from top to bottom, at the moment, cold air from the outlet of the fan 34 enters the interior of the box body of the air preheater 3 through the air inlet at the bottom of the air preheater 3, the cold air flows through the outside of each tube bundle 37 from bottom to top, the heated hot air flows out from the air outlet at the top of the air preheater 3, the hot air from the outlets of the primary air preheater 35 and the secondary air preheater 36 is respectively conveyed to the hot air pipe orifices of the hearth 1 through the air duct 33 by the air duct 33, the low-temperature feed water after the heat convection is collected by the feed water outlet header 32 and flows into the water inlet of the lowermost economizer 241.

In the working process of the bagasse boiler, flue gas at the outlet of the furnace 1 transversely enters the first horizontal flue 21, the high-temperature superheater 211 in the first horizontal flue 21 absorbs the heat convection of the flue gas, the soot blower 25 corresponding to the high-temperature superheater 211 is periodically started in the normal operation process, deposited soot on the heating surface of the high-temperature superheater 211 is swept and removed, and large-particle soot falls into the first soot collecting hopper 212 below the high-temperature superheater 211 and is separately discharged; the flue gas continuously flows in a downstream direction after flowing through the high-temperature superheater 211, the flue gas vertically enters the first vertical shaft flue 22 under the flow guide effect of a flue gas guide plate 26 positioned at the joint of the first horizontal flue 21 and the first vertical shaft flue 22, the low-temperature superheater 221 arranged in the first vertical shaft flue 22 absorbs the convection heat exchange of the flue gas, the deposited ash on the heating surface of each stage of low-temperature superheater 221 is swept and removed by the soot blower 25 correspondingly arranged with the low-temperature superheater, and the large-particle deposited ash drops to the second ash collecting hopper 222 below and is separately discharged; the flue gas flows through the low-temperature superheater 221 and then flows in the downstream direction, the flue gas flows through the flow guide effect of a flue gas guide plate 26 positioned at the joint of the second horizontal flue 23 and the second vertical shaft flue 24, the flue gas flows vertically into the second vertical shaft flue 24, the coal economizer 241 arranged in the second vertical shaft flue 24 absorbs the convection heat exchange of the flue gas, the deposited ash on the heating surface of each coal economizer 241 is swept and removed by the soot blower 25 correspondingly arranged, and the large-particle deposited ash falls into the third ash collecting hopper 242 below and is discharged independently; the flue gas flowing through the economizer 241 flows out of the back pass 2 from the flue gas outlet of the second shaft flue 24.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the arrangement structure of the boiler tail flue 2 is changed by arranging a first horizontal flue 21, a first vertical shaft flue 22, a second horizontal flue 23 and a second vertical shaft flue 24, and large bonding deposited ash blown off by a soot blower 25 on each stage of heating surface timely falls into an ash collecting hopper of each section of flue by using the change of the flue gas flow direction in the tail flue 2 and is discharged by the ash collecting hopper, so that secondary deposited ash superposition pollution caused by the soot blowing action of the previous stage of heating surface on the next stage of heating surface is greatly relieved; meanwhile, the smoke turns to the flowing process, the smoke flow is prolonged, and meanwhile, the particle mixture in the smoke is strengthened to be continuously stirred and mixed, particles with sparks in the self-extinguishing smoke are facilitated, and the bag-type dust collector arranged behind the furnace is prevented from being burnt by the particles with sparks.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and if various modifications or variations of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, they are intended to be covered if they fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalent technology of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a bagasse boiler, its characterized in that, includes furnace and afterbody flue, the afterbody flue is including the first horizontal flue, first shaft flue, second horizontal flue and the second shaft flue that connect gradually, the import of first horizontal flue and the exit linkage of furnace, and be equipped with high temperature superheater in it, the bottom of first horizontal flue is equipped with first ash collecting bucket, be equipped with a plurality of low temperature overheaters in the first shaft flue, and its bottom is equipped with the second ash collecting bucket, be equipped with a plurality of economizers in the second shaft flue, and its bottom is equipped with the third ash collecting bucket, high temperature superheater, low temperature overheater and economizer correspond and install the soot blower.

2. A bagasse boiler according to claim 1, further comprising an air preheater provided outside the tail flue, the air preheater being connected at its top to the main feed pipe through a feed water inlet header tank and at its bottom to the water inlet of the lowermost economizer through a feed water outlet header tank, the air outlet of the air preheater being connected to the boiler through an air duct, and the air inlet thereof being connected to a fan through an air duct.

3. A bagasse boiler according to claim 2, wherein the feed water inlet header and the feed water outlet header are connected by a plurality of tube bundles, the tube bundles having a zigzag shape.

4. A bagasse boiler according to claim 2, wherein the number of the air preheaters is two, being a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, respectively.

5. A bagasse boiler according to claim 1, wherein a flue gas deflector for deflecting flue gas is provided in each of the tail flue at a position where the first horizontal flue is connected to the first shaft flue and at a position where the second horizontal flue is connected to the second shaft flue.

6. A bagasse boiler according to claim 5, wherein the flue gas deflector comprises a plurality of gradually increasing arcs, a plurality of the arcs being spaced apart, and the lowermost arc of the plurality of arcs being the smallest arc.

7. A bagasse boiler according to claim 1, wherein the first ash hopper comprises a first shell made of steel plate, on the inner wall of which are sequentially disposed an insulating castable layer, an insulating castable layer and a refractory castable layer, the second ash hopper comprises a second shell made of steel plate, on the inner wall of which are sequentially disposed an insulating castable layer and an insulating castable layer, and the third ash hopper comprises a third shell made of steel plate.

8. A bagasse boiler according to claim 1, wherein the first, second and third hoppers are pyramid-shaped, and the angles between the respective side surfaces of the first, second and third hoppers and the horizontal plane are 60 to 80 degrees.