CN211849704U

CN211849704U - Semi-automatic shovel loading control system of loader

Info

Publication number: CN211849704U
Application number: CN201922304866.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王保垒; 李莺莺; 刘美艳; 段嘉慧
Original assignee: Tianjin Research Institute Of Construction Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Research Institute Of Construction Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-19
Filing date: 2019-12-19
Publication date: 2020-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses a semi-automatic shovel dress control system of loader belongs to loader technical field, includes at least: the system comprises an electric control engine, an electric control engine controller, a gearbox controller, a microcomputer controller, a gear shifting handle, a pilot handle, an angle sensor, a CAN bus communication panel, a pressure sensor, an electric proportional hydraulic system and a mode operation switch; the system is characterized in that the microcomputer controller is in data communication with the electric control engine controller and the gearbox controller respectively; the CAN bus communication panel is in data communication with the microcomputer controller; the angle sensor, the gear shifting handle, the pilot handle and the mode operation switch are electrically connected with an input port of the microcomputer controller, and an output port of the microcomputer controller is electrically connected with a proportional valve for controlling the electric proportional hydraulic system. Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this semi-automatic shovel of loader dress control system brings very big facility for the manipulation of complete machine, can improve work efficiency simultaneously.

Description

Semi-automatic shovel loading control system of loader

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the loader, in particular to semi-automatic shovel dress control system of loader.

Background

The loader is an engineering mechanical vehicle widely applied to severe environments such as roads, railways, mines, buildings and the like, and the operation objects of the loader comprise various soils, gravels, lime materials, building bulk materials and the like, and the loader is mainly used for completing operations such as shoveling, loading, unloading, transporting and the like. The loader driver's operational environment is abominable, and intensity of labour is big moreover, and in addition frequently operate the equipment handle and carry out repetitive operation, under such environment, the driver is tired very easily, not only influences driving safety, and the operation under the tired state has brought the uncertainty to the influence of shovel dress efficiency moreover. Most of the advanced technologies of the current engineering machinery are concentrated on operation and control, so that the semi-automatic shoveling and loading function of the loader is realized, great convenience is brought to the operation of the whole machine, and the working efficiency can be well improved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a solve the technical problem who exists among the well-known technique, provide a semi-automatic shovel dress control system of loader, this semi-automatic shovel dress control system of loader brings very big facility for the manipulation of complete machine, can improve work efficiency simultaneously.

The utility model aims at providing a semi-automatic shovel dress control system of loader includes at least: the system comprises an electric control engine, an electric control engine controller, a gearbox controller, a microcomputer controller, a gear shifting handle, a pilot handle, an angle sensor, a CAN bus communication panel, a pressure sensor, an electric proportional hydraulic system and a mode operation switch; the system is characterized in that the microcomputer controller is in data communication with the electric control engine controller and the gearbox controller respectively; the CAN bus communication panel is in data communication with the microcomputer controller; the angle sensor, the gear shifting handle, the pilot handle and the mode operation switch are electrically connected with an input port of the microcomputer controller, and an output port of the microcomputer controller is electrically connected with a proportional valve for controlling the electric proportional hydraulic system.

Further: the angle sensor comprises a movable arm angle sensor and a rocker arm angle sensor; and signal output terminals of the movable arm angle sensor and the rocker arm angle sensor are connected with an input port of the microcomputer controller.

Further: the automatic leveling device further comprises a working device returning transportation position operation key, the bucket is automatically leveled, and the operation key is electrically connected with the input port of the microcomputer controller.

Further: the working device calibration module is used for calibrating the bucket angle and the discharge angle of the bucket when the movable arm is lifted to the highest position and the lowest position.

The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:

through adopting the technical scheme, the utility model discloses be applied to CAN bus intelligence button panel and electric proportion hydraulic system the utility model discloses afterwards, CAN realize the semi-automatic shovel dress of loader to:

1. the use of the whole electric control valve of the loader is increased, and the electric control level of the whole loader is improved.

2. A position data model of a movable arm angle and a rocker arm angle is established, and the height of the movable arm and the angle information of the bucket can be monitored in real time.

3. The one-key operation function of returning the working device to the transportation position and automatically leveling the bucket is realized, and the complexity of the whole machine operation is reduced.

4. The calibration function of the working device is added, and the highest lifting position and the lowest lifting position of the movable arm and the bucket receiving angle and the unloading angle can be positioned.

5. The CAN bus intelligent key panel is added, and the switch arrangement is simple and tidy.

6. The function of working section identification is added, different engine powers can be matched according to the identification of the working sections, and the energy-saving effect is achieved.

7. Can be well adapted to various working conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

For further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are exemplified and will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 1, a semi-automatic shovel loader control system of a loader comprises a transmission case, a transmission case controller, a microcomputer controller, an electric control engine controller, a gear shifting handle, a pilot handle, a movable arm angle sensor, a rocker arm angle sensor, an electric proportional hydraulic system and a mode operation switch. The electric control engine controller is communicated with the microcomputer controller, and the gearbox controller is communicated with the microcomputer controller, so that the microcomputer controller obtains the engine rotating speed and the engine torque percentage from the electric control engine controller, and obtains the gearbox output rotating speed from the gearbox controller; signals are input to an input port of a microcomputer controller by a gear shifting handle, a movable arm angle sensor, a bucket angle sensor and the like; the pilot handle sends an operation signal to the microcomputer controller through communication; the microcomputer controller processes the acquired signals and controls a proportional valve of the electric proportional hydraulic system through an output port of the microcomputer controller. The working device of the loader works under a manual mode and an automatic mode and is determined by a mode switch of the automatic shovel loader, a hydraulic valve of the working device is controlled according to an opening signal of the handle under the manual mode, and the working device is controlled to reach a target position according to signals of all positions under the automatic mode.

Preferably, the system also comprises a working device calibration module, a working section identification module and a hydraulic system control module;

referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a specific circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the drawing, the types and connection relationships of the components are explicitly shown, and since each specific electronic product is a relatively mature electronic component, the working principle of each electronic component is not repeated.

The working principle of the preferred embodiment is as follows:

the first step is as follows: after the controller is electrified, the input port, the output port and the control bus are initialized;

the second step is that: after the whole machine is started, whether parameter calibration is needed or not is judged according to working conditions, and if not, operation is carried out according to normal driving; if parameter calibration is needed, a parameter calibration module is needed to be called, and the module needs to realize calibration of the automatic leveling position, the transportation position and the lifting highest position of the working device. The calibration process requires the cooperative participation of the HMI and the switch panel.

The third step: after parameter calibration is completed, if shovel loading is not needed, normal driving operation is carried out; if the shovel loading is needed, the working section identification module is needed to be called to judge the vehicle state and identify the shovel section and the loaded lifting section of the loader in the operation process, and then the working device is controlled.

The fourth step: when the loader enters the shoveling process, a driver operates the working device leveling button, the working device can be automatically leveled to carry out shoveling operation, the working device is controlled according to the identified working section, and when the loader carries out shoveling, the movable arm and the rocker arm can be controlled to alternately act, so that the shoveling resistance is reduced, and the shoveling efficiency is improved.

The fifth step: after the shoveling is finished, the working device can lift to a corresponding position for discharging according to the set height according to the identified lifting section with load, whether discharging is carried out or not is judged according to the state of the vehicle when the working device reaches the discharging position, and the completion of discharging is identified according to signals of a pressure sensor of a large cavity of a movable arm and a pressure sensor of a large cavity of a bucket.

And a sixth step: after the unloading is finished, the bucket can automatically rise to the highest position, and when the vehicle runs to a safe operation environment, if the loader needs to continue spading work, the automatic leveling key can be operated to carry out the next spading work; if the shovel does not need to be continuously shoveled, the driver can operate the transport position key, and the device can return to the transport position to carry out normal no-load running.

The seventh step: transmitting monitoring parameters to a display through a bus for real-time display and monitoring, and transmitting data to be stored to the bus;

eighth step: the program will return and cycle through according to a sequential manner.

Under the semi-automatic shovel mode, the main work flow of the working device calibration module is as follows:

(1) after the controller is powered on, initializing the input port, the output port and the control bus;

(2) after the whole vehicle is started and runs stably, the calibration module can be activated only by entering a corresponding calibration interface on the HMI interface for enabling.

(3) Judging whether the gear is in a neutral gear and is in a parking effective state, judging whether the vehicle speed is 0, and if the conditions are met, starting to flicker the lamp of the corresponding key on the switch panel. And operating the handle to the expected position of the working device, and operating the corresponding calibration key to store the angle parameter at the moment.

(4) At the moment, the calibration parameters of the previous step can be cancelled, if the calibration is confirmed to be overtime, the calibration can also be cancelled, if the corresponding indicator lamp is lightened for 3 seconds after the calibration confirmation key is pressed, the corresponding indicator lamp is extinguished, the calibration is finished, and the next operation can be carried out.

The main work flow of the working section identification module is as follows:

(1) according to the output rotating speed and the gear direction information of the whole gearbox, defining a gearbox output rotating speed threshold value, wherein the threshold value can be a value between 300rpm and 480rpm, and judging that the loader is about to enter a digging working condition by adding the gear information of the direction F of loading and the gear of 1 gear or 2 gear; if the above condition is not satisfied, the loader performs a normal walking section.

(2) Entering a digging working condition according to the judgment of the first step, delaying for 500ms, and when the output rotating speed of the gearbox is less than 500-550 rpm, the output torque percentage of the engine is greater than 80-90%, and the gear is changed to 1 gear, indicating that the whole machine is digging. And after the shovel section is judged, the next step is carried out.

(3) After waiting for 2000ms of debounce delay time, according to the N gear information of the gears, a driver can know that the driver is about to enter a backward unloading stage after tunneling. At this time, the shovel section is jumped out, and the next step is carried out.

(4) When the driver operating handle is changed to be R gear, the whole machine enters a loaded lifting backward section, and the engine is controlled to be matched with corresponding low power. In the process of backing, when the driver operates the N gear, the driver can know that the driver finishes the loaded lifting backing section, and then the driver jumps out of the loaded lifting backing section to enter the next process. And waiting for 3000ms of delay time, when the driver operating handle is changed to the gear F, judging that the whole machine enters the loaded lifting forward section, judging that the loaded lifting forward section enters the next step.

(5) After the belt-carrying lifting forward section is judged, when the pressure of a large cavity of a movable arm is more than 2MPa and less than 10MPa, the delay time of 2000ms is waited, and at the moment, the whole machine can be judged to enter the unloading process. And when the pressure of the large cavity of the bucket is greater than 2Mpa and less than 8Mpa and the gear direction is changed from F to N or R, judging that the unloading of the whole machine is finished.

The main working flow of the hydraulic system control module is as follows:

(1) after all the position calibration is completed, the automatic shovel loading mode is performed, and the handle signal is smaller than a set threshold value.

(2) Controlling a corresponding hydraulic valve according to the identified working section in an automatic shoveling and loading mode, and leveling to a target angle in a shoveling and digging section; other transport positions, at a transport position target angle; a lifting section, which lifts to the highest position of the target; and the backward section judges whether the highest position is reached or not, judges whether the unloading angle is suitable or not, and if the unloading angle is suitable, the bucket is firstly collected to the transportation position and then is placed to the transportation position.

(3) Under the automatic shovel loading mode, directly controlling the opening of the hydraulic valve according to the judgment of the working section to control the working device; in the manual shovel mode, the handle signal opening degree needs to be read to control the working device.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the embodiment, that is, all equivalent changes or modifications made by the spirit of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic shovel loading control system of a loader at least comprises: the system comprises an electric control engine, an electric control engine controller, a gearbox controller, a microcomputer controller, a gear shifting handle, a pilot handle, an angle sensor, a CAN bus communication panel, a pressure sensor, an electric proportional hydraulic system and a mode operation switch; the system is characterized in that the microcomputer controller is in data communication with the electric control engine controller and the gearbox controller respectively; the CAN bus communication panel is in data communication with the microcomputer controller; the angle sensor, the gear shifting handle, the pilot handle and the mode operation switch are electrically connected with an input port of the microcomputer controller, and an output port of the microcomputer controller is electrically connected with a proportional valve for controlling the electric proportional hydraulic system.

2. The semi-automatic shovel control system of a loader of claim 1 further comprising: the angle sensor comprises a movable arm angle sensor and a rocker arm angle sensor; and signal output terminals of the movable arm angle sensor and the rocker arm angle sensor are connected with an input port of the microcomputer controller.

3. The semi-automatic shovel control system of a loader according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the automatic leveling device further comprises a working device returning transportation position operation key, the bucket is automatically leveled, and the operation key is electrically connected with the input port of the microcomputer controller.

4. The semi-automatic shovel control system of a loader according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the working device calibration module is used for calibrating the bucket angle and the discharge angle of the bucket when the movable arm is lifted to the highest position and the lowest position.