CN211835016U

CN211835016U - Multipurpose paper diaper

Info

Publication number: CN211835016U
Application number: CN201922368879.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩立群
Original assignee: Jichuan Sanitary Products Tianjin Co ltd
Current assignee: Jichuan Sanitary Products Tianjin Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-25
Filing date: 2019-12-25
Publication date: 2020-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multipurpose paper diaper, which relates to the technical field of sanitary articles and comprises a diaper main body and two leakage-proof separation edges arranged on one side of the diaper main body for absorbing urine, wherein two relative sides of the leakage-proof separation edges are arranged on the diaper main body, and two ends of any leakage-proof separation edge extend towards two adjacent sides of one side where the leakage-proof separation edge is positioned and are fixedly connected with the diaper main body; at least one of the leak-proof separation edges on the same side is an easy-tearing strip, and the middle part of the easy-tearing strip is fixedly connected with the diaper main body and forms an easy-tearing structure with the diaper main body. The utility model provides a be provided with easy tear tape on the disposable diaper, make it possess two kinds of use forms of conventional disposable diaper and disposable diaper, cooperate other each leak protection and separate the limit, guarantee the convenience of using, improve the travelling comfort and the gas permeability of dressing, reduce cost realizes energy-concerving and environment-protective.

Description

Multipurpose paper diaper

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a health supplies technical field, concretely relates to multi-purpose disposable diaper.

Background

The disposable diaper is a disposable product which is convenient to replace and is divided into a baby diaper and an adult diaper, and is mainly used for babies, hospitals and incontinent patients needing nursing.

The utility model patent that current patent publication number is CN203815724U discloses a disposable diaper, including leak protection separate limit, waistline rubber band, protect enclose rafter muscle, surface course, water conservancy diversion layer, leak protection basement membrane and intermediate layer formula complex absorption core, the cladding of intermediate layer formula complex absorption core is between leak protection basement membrane and surface course. In use, the sandwich type composite absorption core body can effectively absorb urine, so that a user can keep dry and comfortable. However, the disposable diaper is usually used by being directly attached to the inner side of the clothes, and the disposable diaper is easy to shift during use, so that the disposable diaper is inconvenient to use.

The paper diaper is also an optional applicable product for infants or incontinent patients, the action principle of the paper diaper is consistent with that of a paper diaper, and only the paper diaper can be directly worn by a user. For example, a prior utility model patent with a patent publication No. CN208770170U discloses an elastic waistline diaper, which comprises a liquid-permeable surface layer, a liquid-impermeable bottom layer and an absorber arranged between the two layers; the rear waist region of the diaper is positioned between the liquid-permeable surface layer and the liquid-impermeable bottom layer and is provided with an elastic waistline which is composed of two layers of non-woven fabrics and a plurality of rubber bands arranged between the two non-woven fabrics in a transverse direction in parallel.

When in use, the paper diaper is fixed on a human body through the elastic waistline, thereby ensuring the stability of the paper diaper. Although the problem that the diaper is easy to shift cannot occur, the diaper is fixed through the elastic waistline, and the waistline usually contains about 40 rubber bands, so that the diaper is high in cost, and poor in wearing comfort and breathability. Also, when the user's urine volume is relatively small, the bulky diaper does not need to be used at all. Further, when it is difficult for the user to raise his or her legs due to the inconvenience of his or her legs, the diaper is also very troublesome to wear.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a multi-purpose disposable diaper through set up a plurality of easy tear tapes in the diaper main part, makes it possess two kinds of use forms of disposable diaper and panty-shape diapers, both can solve the problem that traditional disposable diaper shifted easily, also can reduce cost, and travelling comfort, gas permeability when using are all better.

The above technical purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

a multi-purpose disposable diaper comprises a diaper main body and leak-proof separation edges arranged on one side of the diaper main body for absorbing urine, wherein at least two leak-proof separation edges are arranged on two opposite sides of the diaper main body, and two ends of any leak-proof separation edge extend towards two adjacent sides of one side where the leak-proof separation edge is located and are fixedly connected with the diaper main body; at least one of the leak-proof separation edges on the same side is an easy-tearing strip, and the middle part of the easy-tearing strip is fixedly connected with the diaper main body and forms an easy-tearing structure with the diaper main body.

By adopting the technical scheme, in actual use, before the easy-tearing strip is torn, the paper diaper can be used as a common paper diaper, and each leakage-proof partition edge can play a role in leakage prevention; in addition, because each leakage-proof partition edge can realize multiple choked flows to urine, the leakage-proof effect of the disposable diaper is better. After the easy-tear strips are torn, the easy-tear strips on the two sides and the diaper main body can jointly form a structure similar to underpants, and a user can directly wear the diaper in a wearing mode; at this time, the diaper is deformed into a diaper. And different from the thick waistline structure of the conventional paper diaper, the paper diaper is fixed by surrounding the waist of a user by the easily-torn strips at two sides after being changed into the paper diaper, not only has the function of the paper diaper, but also greatly reduces the cost, has good comfort and air permeability, and is particularly suitable for users with light incontinence.

In the conventional diaper, since the waist is wide, each layer of nonwoven fabric must be cut out to a large extent at the time of processing, so that the diaper can be formed to have an adduction type structure corresponding to the portion into which the leg of a person is inserted. In contrast, when the paper diaper provided by the application is used as a paper diaper, the width of the non-woven fabric is basically equal to the distance between the easy-tear strips on the two sides, and no extra material needs to be cut off, so that the material is greatly saved, a corresponding station and a cutter on equipment are saved, the production cost is further reduced, and the energy-saving effect is realized; meanwhile, no waste is generated, so that the pressure of waste degradation is naturally avoided for the society, and the requirement of environmental protection is met.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the anti-leakage separation edges positioned on the same side of the diaper main body are arranged in a vertically stacked mode, and the anti-leakage separation edges positioned on the outermost side form the easy-tearing strip.

By adopting the technical scheme, the leakage-proof partition edges are vertically stacked, and can realize multiple flow blocking on urine. Meanwhile, the leakage-proof separation edge on the outermost side is used as an easy-to-tear strip, so that the use is more convenient.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the leakage-proof separation edges positioned on the same side of the diaper main body are staggered gradually in the direction away from the leakage-proof separation edge on the other side, and any two leakage-proof separation edges which are adjacent up and down are partially overlapped.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, with each leak protection flange progressively stagger, not only can further improve the leak protection effect, can also avoid the local too thick and solid of disposable diaper, processing is also more convenient, and the fastness of every leak protection flange is also better.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the two ends of the easy-tearing strip respectively extend to the edges of the two opposite sides of the diaper main body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the easy-tearing strips extend to the edges of the two sides of the diaper main body, and when a user uses the diaper as a paper diaper, the easy-tearing strips just can be matched with the edges of the diaper main body to surround the waist of the user together; so, when guaranteeing that the user dresses stability, can avoid the user to dress the outside perk of both sides side direction disposable diaper around the rear diaper main part for both sides edge can closely attached human body around the disposable diaper, not only can prevent that the urine from spilling from both sides around the human body, can also improve the aesthetic property that the user dressed.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the length of easy tear strip is 200 ~ 850 mm.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, with the length control of easy tear strip 200 ~ 850mm, can satisfy infant and adult's user demand simultaneously.

The utility model discloses further set up to: at least two rubber bands extending in the same direction as the easy-tearing strip are fixedly wrapped in the easy-tearing strip.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the rubber band in the easy tear strip can further improve the stability of wearing when this disposable diaper uses as panty-shape diapers, and can increase the intensity of easy tear strip, reduces the cracked risk of easy tear strip.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the leak protection separates the limit and keeps away from the one side edge at diaper main part center and diaper main part rigid coupling, just enclose between leak protection separates the limit and the diaper main part and become to have one side opening and the opening towards the leak protection bag chamber in diaper main part middle part.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when user urine volume is bigger, the leak protection bag chamber can be realized keeping in the urine, improves the effect of preventing the side leakage to guarantee that the diaper main part can have abundant time to absorb the urine.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the diaper main body all sets firmly the choked flow strip in the adjacent both sides of leak protection flange place both sides, the both ends of choked flow strip extend towards the leak protection flange of both sides, just still enclose between choked flow strip and the diaper main body and become one side opening and opening towards the choked flow bag chamber in diaper main body middle part.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when user's urine volume is great, the choked flow strip can play the choked flow effect to the urine, and the urine can be kept in the choked flow bag chamber to prevent that the urine from spilling from user's front and back both sides, and let the diaper main part can have sufficient time to absorb the urine, the possibility that greatly reduced urine spills.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the diaper main body is provided with contraction folds at the positions of the front side and the rear side when worn by a user, and the diaper main body is provided with a flow blocking pocket which is locally concave at the two contraction folds.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, with the help of shrink fold shaping play choked flow pocket in the diaper main part, can prevent that the urine from flowing from human front and back both sides to further improve the leak protection effect of this disposable diaper.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a beneficial technological effect does:

(1) the diaper body is provided with the easy-tearing strips in the easy-tearing structure, so that the diaper has two using forms of a conventional diaper and a paper diaper, the problem that the conventional diaper is easy to shift when used can be solved, the cost is greatly reduced compared with the conventional paper diaper, and the diaper has good comfort and air permeability;

(2) compared with the traditional paper diaper, the paper diaper greatly saves materials and electric energy during preparation, can further reduce the production cost, and has the advantages of environmental protection and energy saving;

(3) through setting up many leak protection separates the limit in diaper main part bilateral symmetry, each choked flow strip of cooperation can realize abundant choked flow to the urine, has fully guaranteed the leak protection effect of this disposable diaper, can improve the convenience of using.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1, and is primarily intended to embody the structural components of the diaper body;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 3, which is mainly used for embodying the structural components of the diaper main body in example 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C of FIG. 5, primarily for embodying the spoiler in accordance with embodiment 4;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a diaper main body; 101. a bottom layer of non-woven fabric; 102. a waterproof breathable film; 103. a core body; 104. a flow guiding layer; 105. surface non-woven fabric; 2. leak-proof separation edges; 21. an easy-tear strip; 22. a leak-proof sac cavity; 23. rubber bands; 3. a flow-blocking strip; 31. a choking sac cavity; 4. shrinking the folds; 41. a flow-resisting pocket.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to the attached figures 1-2, the multipurpose disposable diaper comprises a diaper main body 1 and a leakage-proof separation edge 2 arranged on the diaper main body 1. The diaper main body 1 comprises a bottom layer non-woven fabric 101, and one side of the bottom layer non-woven fabric 101 is sequentially provided with a waterproof breathable film 102, a core body 103, a flow guide layer 104 and a surface layer non-woven fabric 105 from bottom to top. When in use, the paper diaper contacts the skin of a human body through the surface layer non-woven fabric 105, so that the side of the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 forms the urine absorption side of the diaper main body 1; the core body 103 contains high molecular water-absorbing resin, which is the main part of the diaper for absorbing urine, and the flow guiding layer 104 mainly plays a role in accelerating urine diffusion.

Referring to fig. 2, the material of the anti-leakage barrier 2 is one of a water-repellent cloth, a waterproof cloth or a PE film, two anti-leakage barriers 2 are respectively disposed on two sides of the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 in the width direction, and the anti-leakage barriers 2 on the two sides can be symmetrically disposed. The two ends of the leakproof isolation boundaries 2 extend towards the two sides of the length direction of the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 respectively, the extension direction of the leakproof isolation boundaries can be parallel to the length direction of the paper diaper, and the extension direction of the leakproof isolation boundaries can also be staggered by a certain angle relative to the length direction of the paper diaper according to requirements, so that the convenience in use is improved.

Taking the two leakproof isolation boundaries 2 on one side of the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 as an example, the two leakproof isolation boundaries 2 can be completely overlapped up and down. When the anti-leakage partition edge is specifically arranged, one of the anti-leakage partition edges 2 is directly attached to the surface layer non-woven fabric 105, and two ends of the anti-leakage partition edge respectively extend to the edges of two sides of the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 in the length direction and are fixedly connected with the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 in an adhering and/or hot-pressing mode; meanwhile, the edge of one side of the leakproof isolation edge 2, which is far away from the center of the diaper main body 1, is fixedly connected to the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 in the same way, so that a leakproof bag cavity 22 with a single-side opening can be enclosed between the leakproof isolation edge and the surface layer non-woven fabric 105, and the opening of the leakproof bag cavity 22 faces to the middle part of the diaper main body 1. The other leakproof isolation edge 2 on the same side is attached to the leakproof isolation edge 2, the two sides in the length direction are fixedly connected to the leakproof isolation edge 2 below in an adhesive and/or hot pressing mode, and the edge of one side far away from the center of the diaper main body 1 is fixedly connected to the leakproof isolation edge 2 below in an adhesive mode, so that a leakproof sac cavity 22 is also enclosed between the leakproof isolation edge 2 and the leakproof isolation edge 2 below. Each leak protection separates limit 2 cooperation each leak protection bag chamber 22 and can play effective choked flow to the urine, guarantees the leak protection effect of this disposable diaper.

However, in the two leakproof isolation boundaries 2 on the same side, different from the arrangement form of the lower leakproof isolation boundary 2 on the surface layer non-woven fabric 105, although the two ends of the upper leakproof isolation boundary 2 are completely fixedly connected with the lower leakproof isolation boundary 2 in a gluing and/or hot-pressing mode, the parts except the two ends are bonded with the lower leakproof isolation boundary 2 through removable non-setting adhesive; thus, the upper leakproof isolation margin 2 forms an easy-tearing structure on the diaper body 1, namely, the leakproof isolation margin 2 forms an easy-tearing strip 21. If necessary, the user can tear the middle part of the easy-tear strip 21 from the lower leakproof isolation edge 2, so that the whole paper diaper is transformed into the paper diaper.

In this embodiment, since both ends of the easy-tear strip 21 extend to both longitudinal edges of the top sheet nonwoven fabric 105, the length of the easy-tear strip 21 is substantially equal to the length of the entire diaper. In order to adapt to consumers with different shapes, the length of the easy-tearing strip 21 can be 200-850 mm. Specifically, in actual production, the easy-tear strip 21 may include a plurality of specification sizes such as 200mm, 500mm, 550mm, 600mm, 650mm, 700mm, 750mm, 800mm, and 850 mm; of these, 200mm (or appropriately adjusted as needed) is mainly for infants, and 500mm or more is mainly for adults.

In another embodiment, 3 or more leakage-proof barrier ribs 2 may be respectively disposed on both sides of the non-woven fabric 105 in the width direction; aiming at each leakage-proof separating edge 2 positioned at the same side, two or more leakage-proof separating edges 2 positioned above can be used as easy-tearing strips 21 so as to ensure the stability of wearing by a user and the structural strength of a product in the form of the paper diaper.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: in practical use, before the tear strip 21 is torn, the paper diaper can be used as a conventional paper diaper; after easy tear strip 21 is torn, the easy tear strip 21 of both sides can be taken as the waist and encloses the use for whole disposable diaper flexible is panty-shape diapers, can solve the problem that the disposable diaper shifted easily, and travelling comfort and gas permeability are better, and it also reduces a lot to form this traditional panty-shape diapers.

Example 2

Referring to FIG. 3, a multi-purpose diaper has a structure substantially the same as that of example 1 except that two leakproof isolation boundaries 2 are arranged on the same side of the surface layer nonwoven fabric 105.

Specifically, taking the two leakage-proof separation edges 2 on one side of the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 in the width direction as an example, the two leakage-proof separation edges 2 are stacked up and down, but are not completely overlapped, and a partially overlapped arrangement mode is adopted, so that the two leakage-proof separation edges 2 are arranged in a staggered manner in a direction away from the other leakage-proof separation edge 2. In actual installation, the lower leakage-proof barrier 2 is still directly attached to the top layer nonwoven 105 in the same manner as the leakage-proof barrier 2 in example 1. The two ends of the upper leakproof isolation edge 2 are still completely fixedly connected with the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 and the lower leakproof isolation edge 2, and the edge of one side of the upper leakproof isolation edge, which is far away from the center of the diaper main body 1, is directly bonded on the diaper main body 1; the leakproof isolation edge 2 is still in an easy-tearing structure on the diaper main body 1, namely the leakproof isolation edge 2 still forms an easy-tearing strip 21.

Similarly, in another embodiment, 3 or more of the above-mentioned leakage-proof barrier ribs 2 may be respectively disposed on both sides of the width direction of the facing layer nonwoven fabric 105; for each of the leakproof isolation boundaries 2 which are located on the same side, two or more leakproof isolation boundaries 2 which are located above can also be used as the easy-tear strip 21.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 4, the easy-tear strip 21 of the multipurpose disposable diaper is internally covered with a rubber band 23; this rubber band 23 accessible sticky mode bonding is fixed in easy tear strip 21, and it extends with corresponding easy tear strip 21 syntropy to be located easy tear strip 21 and be close to the one side in diaper main part 1 center. Specifically, the rubber band 23 can be provided with 2, 3, 4 or more in the tear tape 21, but preferably not more than 8, and may affect the comfort of the diaper when used as a diaper.

Meanwhile, in the embodiment, a plurality of rubber bands 23 can be arranged in other leakage-proof separation edges 2 in the same manner, so that the structural strength and the leakage-proof effect of the leakage-proof separation edges are ensured.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 5-6, the diaper main body 1 is further provided with two flow blocking strips 3, the two flow blocking strips 3 can be arranged on the diaper main body 1, and the two flow blocking strips 3 can be symmetrically arranged on two sides of the diaper main body 1 in the length direction. The material of the flow resisting strips 3 can be one of water-repellent cloth, waterproof cloth or PE film; the two ends of the flow blocking strips 3 extend towards the two sides of the diaper main body 1 in the width direction respectively, so that the two flow blocking strips 3 and the two leakage-proof partition edges 2 can form a quadrilateral structure.

In one embodiment, the ends of the flow blocking strips 3 can extend to between the leakage-proof separation edges 2 and the surface layer non-woven fabric 105, and are bonded or fixed with the leakage-proof separation edges 2 and the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 by hot pressing; in another embodiment, the ends of the gore 3 may not extend to the leakproof isolation boundaries 2, but are directly bonded or thermally pressed to the facing nonwoven 105.

Taking any one of the choked flow strips 3 as an example, one side edge of the choked flow strip 3 far away from the center of the diaper main body 1 can be fixedly connected with the surface layer non-woven fabric 105 through bonding or hot pressing, and one side edge of the choked flow strip near the center of the diaper main body 1 is not fixed with the surface layer non-woven fabric 105, so that the paper diaper can be enclosed into a choked flow bag cavity 31 with an opening at one side between the choked flow strip 3 and the surface layer non-woven fabric 105, the opening of the choked flow bag cavity 31 faces to one side of the center of the diaper main body 1, the choked flow bag cavity can play a choked flow role.

Similarly, the choked flow strips 3 can be respectively arranged at two sides of the diaper main body 1 in the length direction according to actual requirements, wherein 2 or more choked flow strips are arranged at the two sides of the diaper main body in the length direction; the choke strips 3 can be arranged with reference to the leak-proof separation edges 2, which will not be described herein.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: in actual use, each leak protection flange 2 and two choked flow strips 3 enclose into quadrilateral structure, and the urine can realize keeping in leak protection bag cavity 22 and choked flow bag cavity 31 to play choked flow's effect to the urine, guarantee that core 103 has sufficient time and absorbs the urine, realize the leak protection effect.

Example 5

Referring to fig. 7, a multi-purpose disposable diaper, the diaper body 1 is formed with contraction wrinkles 4 on both sides in the longitudinal direction. Taking any one of the contracted pleats 4 as an example, the contracted pleat 4 is located on the side of the spoiler strip 3 close to the center of the diaper main body 1, and may be a contracted structure formed by partially folding and adhering the diaper main body 1 in the width direction thereof. After molding, the diaper main body 1 is formed with the flow blocking pocket 41 which is partially concave at the two contraction folds 4, and the flow blocking pocket 41 can further improve the anti-leakage effect of the diaper.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: in use, the flow stopping pocket 41 can play a flow stopping role on urine, and the urine is prevented from flowing out from the front side and the rear side of a human body, so that the leakage prevention effect of the disposable diaper is further improved.

The above, only do the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limit the protection scope of the present invention according to this, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model are covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-purpose paper diaper, includes diaper main part (1) and sets up in leak protection that diaper main part (1) absorbed urine one side separates limit (2), its characterized in that: at least two leakage-proof separation edges (2) are arranged on two opposite sides of the diaper main body (1), and two ends of any leakage-proof separation edge (2) extend towards two adjacent sides of one side where the leakage-proof separation edge is located and are fixedly connected with the diaper main body (1); at least one of the leak-proof separation edges (2) on the same side is an easy-tearing strip (21), and the middle part of the easy-tearing strip (21) is fixedly connected with the diaper main body (1) and forms an easy-tearing structure with the diaper main body (1).

2. The disposable diaper of claim 1, wherein: the leakproof isolation edges (2) positioned at the same side of the diaper main body (1) are arranged in an up-and-down stacked mode, and the leakproof isolation edges (2) positioned at the outermost side form the easy-to-tear strip (21).

3. The disposable diaper of claim 2, wherein: each leakage-proof separation edge (2) positioned on the same side of the diaper main body (1) is gradually staggered along the direction away from the leakage-proof separation edge (2) on the other side, and any two leakage-proof separation edges (2) which are adjacent up and down are partially overlapped.

4. The disposable diaper of claim 1, wherein: two ends of the easy-tearing strip (21) respectively extend to the edges of two opposite sides of the diaper main body (1).

5. The disposable diaper of claim 4, wherein: the length of the easy-tear strip (21) is 200-850 mm.

6. The disposable diaper of claim 1, wherein: at least two rubber bands (23) extending in the same direction as the easy-to-tear strip (21) are fixedly wrapped in the easy-to-tear strip.

7. The disposable diaper of claim 1, wherein: leak protection separates limit (2) and keeps away from the one side edge and the diaper main part (1) rigid coupling at diaper main part (1) center, just it has one side opening and the opening leak protection bag chamber (22) towards diaper main part (1) middle part to enclose between leak protection separates limit (2) and diaper main part (1).

8. The disposable diaper of any of claims 1-7, wherein: the diaper main body (1) is equipped with choked flow strip (3) all firmly in the adjacent both sides of leak protection flange (2) place both sides, the both ends of choked flow strip (3) extend towards leak protection flange (2) of both sides, just still enclose between choked flow strip (3) and diaper main body (1) and become one side opening and opening towards choked flow bag chamber (31) at diaper main body (1) middle part.

9. The disposable diaper of any of claims 1-7, wherein: the diaper is characterized in that contraction wrinkles (4) are formed on the positions of the front side and the rear side of the diaper main body (1) respectively corresponding to wearing of a user, and a local inward concave flow blocking pocket (41) is formed in the diaper main body (1) at the two contraction wrinkles (4).