CN211804924U

CN211804924U - Positioning and clamping mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN211804924U
Application number: CN201922484647.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙鹏; 冯文志; 吴建鹏; 臧金龙; 王帅
Original assignee: Harbin Anyudi Aviation Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Harbin Anyudi Aviation Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2020-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-31

Abstract

The invention provides a positioning and clamping mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of machine tool clamps and comprises a workbench, a positioning assembly and a clamping assembly, wherein the positioning assembly and the clamping assembly are arranged on the workbench, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning pin and a positioning groove, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping plate, and the positioning pin penetrates through the clamping plate and is inserted into the positioning groove. According to the positioning and clamping mechanism, the position of a workpiece placed on a workbench is determined by a positioning bushing inserted into a positioning groove structure, then the workpiece is positioned by a positioning pin, and finally the workpiece is clamped by a clamping plate; because the locating pin cooperates with the splint for the position of splint centre gripping on the work piece is difficult for changing, and not only the location is quick accurate, has improved the stability of splint to the work piece centre gripping moreover, has strengthened and has pressed from both sides tight effect.

Description

Positioning and clamping mechanism

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool fixtures, in particular to a positioning and clamping mechanism.

Background

In the production and processing process of workpieces, for workpieces or nonstandard workpieces produced in small and medium batches, such as workpieces on airplanes and the like, due to the high requirement on the processing precision, when the workpieces are installed on a workbench, not only the firm fixation but also the accurate positioning are ensured. For a part of workpieces with processing holes in the edge structure, because the bottom surfaces of the workpieces are often uneven, under the condition that the top surfaces of the edges are used as positioning references for processing, the bottom surfaces of the edge structures are spaced from a workbench, and under the condition, the workpieces are more difficult to position and fix on the workbench, so that the processing efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problem of how to conveniently fix a workpiece with a processing hole in the edge structure on a workbench in place, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a positioning and clamping mechanism which comprises a workbench, a clamping assembly and a positioning assembly, wherein the clamping assembly and the positioning assembly are arranged on the workbench, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping plate, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning groove structure, a positioning bushing and a positioning pin, one end of the positioning bushing is inserted into the positioning groove structure, the other end of the positioning bushing extends out of the positioning groove structure, and the positioning pin penetrates through the clamping plate and is detachably connected with the positioning bushing.

Further, clamping component still includes first bracing piece and first locking piece, be equipped with first through-hole on the splint, first bracing piece passes first through-hole and fixed connection be in on the workstation, first locking piece is located the top of splint and with first bracing piece can dismantle the connection, first locking piece is used for restricting the splint is in displacement on the first bracing piece.

Further, the first through hole is a kidney-shaped hole.

Further, the clamping assembly still includes second bracing piece and second retaining member, still be equipped with the second through-hole on the splint, the second bracing piece passes the second through-hole and with the workstation contact, the second retaining member is located the below of splint with the connection can be dismantled to the second bracing piece, the second retaining member is used for restricting splint are in displacement on the first bracing piece.

Furthermore, the second support rod is also provided with a first connecting structure, and the first connecting structure is suitable for being detachably connected with an auxiliary tool.

Furthermore, the positioning assembly further comprises a cushion block, one end of the cushion block, which faces the clamping plate, is provided with the positioning groove structure, and the other end of the cushion block is fixedly connected to the workbench.

Furthermore, be equipped with the locking hole on the cushion, locating component still including being used for locking the third retaining member of locating bush, the third retaining member pass the locking hole and with the locating bush contact.

Further, the positioning pin is provided with a second connecting structure, and the second connecting structure is suitable for being detachably connected with the auxiliary tool.

Furthermore, one end of the clamping plate, which is close to the positioning assembly, is provided with a notch, and the positioning pin penetrates through the notch to be detachably connected with the positioning bushing.

Furthermore, the clamping plate is also provided with a protruding structure facing the positioning assembly, and the protruding structure is arranged at one end, close to the positioning assembly, of the clamping plate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the positioning and clamping mechanism firstly determines the position of a workpiece on the workbench through a positioning bushing inserted into the positioning groove structure, then positions the workpiece through a positioning pin, and finally clamps the workpiece through a clamping plate; because the locating pin cooperates with the splint for the position of splint centre gripping on the work piece is difficult for changing, and not only the location is quick accurate, has improved the stability of splint to the work piece centre gripping moreover, has strengthened and has pressed from both sides tight effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a positioning and clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion A of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a positioning and clamping mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion B of FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a positioning and clamping mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of a splint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of a table in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a partial perspective view of a workpiece according to an embodiment of the invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a workbench; 2-a clamping assembly; 3-a positioning assembly; 11-a first screw hole; 12-a second screw hole; 21-clamping plate; 22-a first support bar; 23-a first locking member; 24-a fastening nut; 25-a second support bar; 26-a second locking member; 31-a cushion block; 32-positioning the bushing; 33-positioning pins; 34-a locking screw; 211 — a first via; 212-a second via; 213-opening; 214-a raised structure; 251-a first connecting structure; 311-a positioning slot structure; 312-bolt; 313-a locking hole; 321-a fixed part; 322-a first positioning portion; 323-connecting groove; 331-a connecting portion; 332-a second locator portion; 333-projection; 334-second connecting structure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the forward direction of "X" in the drawings represents the right direction, and correspondingly, the reverse direction of "X" represents the left direction; the forward direction of "Y" represents forward, and correspondingly, the reverse direction of "Y" represents rearward; the forward direction of "Z" represents the upward direction, and correspondingly, the reverse direction of "Z" represents the downward direction, and the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "X", "Y", "Z", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings of the specification, and are only for convenience of describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular direction, be constructed and operated in a particular direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

As shown in fig. 8, the workpiece has an edge structure, and a machining hole is formed in the edge structure. When such a workpiece is machined by using the top surface of the edge as a positioning reference, the bottom surface of the workpiece is often stepped, and there is a gap between the edge structure of the workpiece and the table.

To solve the above problem, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a positioning and clamping mechanism, which includes a workbench 1, a clamping assembly 2 and a positioning assembly 3, wherein the clamping assembly 2 and the positioning assembly 3 are both disposed on the workbench 1, the clamping assembly 2 includes a clamping plate 21, the positioning assembly 3 includes a positioning groove structure 311, a positioning bushing 32 and a positioning pin 33, the positioning groove structure 311 is located below the clamping plate 21 and is fixedly connected to the workbench 1 in a vertical state, a notch of the positioning groove structure 311 faces upward to the clamping plate 21, a downward end of the positioning bushing 32 is a fixing portion 321, an upward end of the positioning bushing 32 is a first positioning portion 322 for preliminarily determining a position of a workpiece, the fixing portion 321 of the positioning bushing 32 is inserted into the positioning groove structure 311, the fixing portion 321 extends out of the positioning groove structure 311, cross sections of the positioning groove structure 311 and the fixing portion 321, Square, polygon or its various shapes of combination, the degree of depth of constant head tank structure 311 and the length of the fixed part 321 of location bush 32 can set up as required, preferably, in this embodiment, the cross section of the fixed part 321 of constant head tank structure 311 and location bush 32 is square, the fixed part 321 of square constant head tank structure 311 and location bush 32 is simple in structure, it is convenient to make, and the fixed part 321 of square location bush 32 can not produce the rotation in constant head tank structure 311, the grafting effect is better.

The positioning pin 33 has three sections, the first section is a connecting part 331 for connecting the first positioning part 322 of the positioning bushing 32, the second section is a second positioning part 332 for performing secondary positioning on the workpiece, and the third section is a protruding part 333, the protruding part 333 is exposed out of the processing hole of the workpiece, so that the positioning pin 33 is convenient to install and disassemble. The cross section of the first positioning portion 322 of the positioning bush 32, the cross section of the positioning pin 33 and the machining hole of the workpiece can be circular, square, polygonal or various combined shapes, the length of the first positioning portion 322 of the positioning bush 32 and the length of the positioning pin 33 can also be set according to needs, preferably, in the embodiment, the cross section of the first positioning portion 322 and the cross section of the positioning pin 33 are circular, the cross section of the machining hole of the workpiece is also circular, the outer walls of the circular first positioning portion 322 and the positioning pin 33 are smoother, the friction force between the outer wall of the circular machining hole of the workpiece and the inner wall of the machining hole of the workpiece is small, and the machining hole of the workpiece can be conveniently penetrated.

The first positioning portion 322 of the positioning bush 32 is used for primarily positioning a workpiece, the second positioning portion 332 of the positioning pin 33 is used for secondarily positioning the workpiece, both the first positioning portion 322 and the second positioning portion 332 need to be inserted into the workpiece machining hole, the outer wall of the first positioning portion 322 and the outer wall of the second positioning portion 332 can be tightly attached to the inner wall of the workpiece machining hole, or a certain gap can be left between them, preferably, in this embodiment, the outer wall of the second positioning portion 332 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the workpiece machining hole, and a gap is left between the outer wall of the first positioning portion 322 and the inner wall of the workpiece machining hole, so that before the positioning pin 33 is connected with the positioning bush 32, when the workpiece is placed on the worktable 1, the machining hole of the workpiece is more easily aligned with the first positioning portion 322 of the positioning bush 32, and after the workpiece is placed, the positioning pin 33 is inserted into the machining hole to be connected with the positioning bush, the second positioning portion 332 can correct the position of the workpiece again, and the positioning accuracy can be improved. The positioning pin 33 is detachably connected with the positioning bush 32, in this embodiment, the positioning pin 33 and the positioning bush 32 are in threaded connection, the connecting portion 331 of the positioning pin 33 is provided with an external thread, the top of the first positioning portion 322 of the positioning bush 32 is provided with a connecting groove 323, an internal thread is arranged in the connecting groove 323, the connecting portion 331 of the positioning pin 33 extends into the connecting groove 323 of the positioning bush 32 and is in threaded connection with the connecting groove 323, the second positioning portion 332 of the positioning pin 32 can also be in a groove-shaped structure with a groove opening facing the first positioning portion 322, the connecting portion 331 of the positioning pin 33 can also be an internal thread arranged on the inner wall of the groove-shaped structure, the outer wall of the second positioning portion 332 is provided with an external thread, the groove-shaped structure of the positioning pin 33 is sleeved into the first positioning portion 322 of the positioning bush 32 and is in threaded connection.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7, the clamping assembly 2 further includes a first supporting rod 22 and a first locking member 23, the cross section of the first supporting rod 22 may be square, triangular, circular, polygonal or a combination thereof, the outer wall of the first supporting rod 22 may be smooth or may be provided with threads, preferably, in this embodiment, the first supporting rod 22 is a first stud with a circular cross section, the first stud enables the clamping plate 21 sleeved on the first stud to rotate around the first stud, so that the clamping plate 21 can clamp a workpiece at different angles, the clamping plate 21 is provided with a first through hole 211, the first stud passes through the first through hole 211 and is fixed on the workbench 1, the first locking member 23 is a first locking nut, and the first locking nut is located above the clamping plate 21 and is in threaded connection with the first stud. First double-screw bolt can adopt the welding on workstation 1, threaded connection or other modes are fixed, in this embodiment, first double-screw bolt adopts threaded connection's fixed mode on workstation 1, be equipped with first screw 11 on workstation 1, a plurality of first screw 11 dispersion sets up on workstation 1, be equipped with the external screw thread on the first double-screw bolt, the inner wall of first screw 11 is equipped with the internal thread, first double-screw bolt and 11 threaded connection of first screw, the department of being located first screw 11 on first double-screw bolt locks first double-screw bolt with fastening nut 24, can remove clamping component 2 to the different positions on workstation 1 as required like this.

As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the first through hole 211 is a kidney-shaped hole, the kidney-shaped hole is disposed in the middle of the clamping plate 21, the clamping plate 21 is sleeved on the first stud through the kidney-shaped hole, the kidney-shaped hole has a certain movement space, and the clamping plate 21 can move within a certain range through the kidney-shaped hole, so that the size of the clamping end of the clamping plate 21 can be adjusted.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, the clamping assembly 2 further includes a second supporting rod 25 and a second locking member 26, the clamping plate 21 is further provided with a second through hole 212, and the second supporting rod 25 passes through the second through hole 212 and contacts the worktable 1. The second support rod 25 can be connected to the middle part, the end part or any position between the middle part and the end part of the clamping plate 21, the height of the second support rod 25 can be reasonably selected according to the size of the workpiece, and preferably, in the embodiment, the second support rod 25 is connected to the end part of the clamping plate 21, so that the distance from the second support rod 25 to the first through hole 211 is the largest, and the supporting effect of the second support rod 25 is the best. The cross section of the second support rod 25 can be square, triangular, circular, polygonal or a combination thereof, the outer wall of the second support rod 25 can be smooth or provided with threads, preferably, in the embodiment, the second support rod 25 is a second stud with a circular cross section, and the circular second stud and the circular first stud are mutually universal and can be purchased or manufactured together, so that the cost can be saved. The second locking member 26 is a second locking nut, and the second locking nut is positioned below the clamping plate 21 and is in threaded connection with the second stud. Clamping plate 21 is connected to second double-screw bolt one end, and the other end and workstation 1 contact, and when second lock nut locked, clamping plate 21 is difficult to the one end slope of connecting the second double-screw bolt, and the one end of clamping plate 21 centre gripping work piece is inseparabler with the contact of work piece, from this, can improve clamping plate 21's tight effect of clamp.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the second support rod 25 is further provided with a first connection structure 251, the first connection structure 251 may be disposed at the bottom, the middle portion, or the top of the second stud, the first connection structure 251 is a hole structure, the shape of which may be triangular, square, polygonal, or circular, the hole structure may be a through hole or a blind hole, preferably, in this embodiment, the first connection structure 251 is a circular third through hole, the third through hole is transversely disposed at the bottom of the second support rod 25, outer walls of the second support rod 25 at two ends of the third through hole are further planed to form a vertical plane structure, and auxiliary tools such as a T-shaped rod, a straight rod, or other rod-shaped tools may pass through the third through hole 251 or an open wrench is used to clamp the vertical plane structure to achieve connection with the first connection structure. Therefore, the first connecting structure 251 can be used for connecting auxiliary tools such as a T-shaped rod and a straight rod or clamping a vertical plane structure by using an open wrench to rotate the second stud, so that the supporting height of the second stud can be adjusted.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 7, the positioning assembly 3 further includes a cushion block 31, the cushion block 31 is of an inverted T shape and is integrally formed, a transverse edge of the cushion block 31 of the T shape is a base, a vertical edge of the cushion block 31 of the T shape is a supporting portion, the supporting portion faces the clamping plate 21 and is provided with a positioning groove structure 311, a bolt 312 is arranged on the base of the cushion block 31, a second screw hole 12 is arranged on the workbench 1, and the base of the cushion block 31 is in threaded connection with the second screw hole 12 through the bolt 312 on the workbench 1. The bottom surface of work piece often is the echelonment, sets up cushion 31 and makes the eave structure of work piece can obtain better support, and constant head tank structure 311 sets up and makes constant head tank structure 311's position more accurate on cushion 31, provides the location basis for the fixed of work piece.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the spacer 31 is provided with a locking hole 313, the locking hole 313 is disposed at a side of the supporting portion of the spacer 31, the locking hole 313 is provided with an internal thread, the positioning assembly 3 further includes a third locking member for locking the positioning bushing 32, in this embodiment, the third locking member is a locking screw 34, the locking screw 34 is in threaded connection with the locking hole 313, and the locking screw 34 passes through the locking hole 313 and contacts with the fixing portion 321 of the positioning bushing 32. Therefore, the locking screw 34 is pressed against the positioning portion 321 of the positioning bush 32, the fixing portion 321 of the positioning bush 32 is contacted with the inner wall of the positioning groove structure 311 more tightly, the positioning bush 32 is more stable, and the positioning accuracy is improved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the positioning pin 33 is provided with a second connecting structure 334, the second connecting structure 334 may be disposed on a side surface or a top portion of the protruding portion 333 of the positioning pin 33, the second connecting structure 334 is a hole structure, and the shape of the second connecting structure 334 may be a triangle, a square, a polygon, or a circle, the hole structure may be a through hole or a blind hole, preferably, in this embodiment, the second connecting structure 334 is a circular fourth through hole, the fourth through hole is disposed laterally on a side surface of the protruding portion 333 of the positioning pin 33, and an auxiliary tool such as a T-shaped rod, a straight rod, or another rod may be inserted through the fourth through hole to achieve connection with the fourth through hole. Therefore, the positioning pin 33 can be rotated by connecting auxiliary tools such as a T-shaped rod and a straight rod through the fourth through hole, so that the positioning pin 33 and the positioning bush 32 can be connected or detached more conveniently.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a notch 213 is formed at one end of the clamping plate 21 close to the positioning component 3, the notch 213 is disposed along the extending direction of the clamping plate 21, the shape of the notch 213 may be V-shaped, U-shaped, arc-shaped or other shapes, preferably, in this embodiment, the notch is U-shaped, the protrusion 333 of the positioning pin 33 is located within the opening range of the notch 213, and the positioning pin 33 passes through the notch 213 to be detachably screwed with the positioning bush 32, so that the protrusion 333 of the positioning pin 33 can limit the distance of the movement of the clamping plate 21 along the kidney-shaped hole, so that the clamping plate 21 is kept clamped above the cushion block 31, and the clamping effect is enhanced.

Wherein, locating pin 33 and positioning bush 32 adopt the mode of grafting or threaded connection, and in an embodiment, positioning bush 32 is equipped with the slot, and the lower extreme of locating pin 33 is equipped with the inserted bar that can insert in the slot, and from this, positioning bush 32 and locating pin 33 pass through slot and inserted bar detachable connection.

Meanwhile, the slot is designed to be a thread groove, and the inserted rod is designed to be a threaded rod, so that the slot is in threaded connection with the inserted rod, and the connection firmness of the positioning pin 33 and the positioning bush 32 is improved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the clamping plate 21 is further provided with a protruding structure 214 facing the positioning component 3, and the protruding structure 214 is arranged at one end of the clamping plate 21 close to the positioning component 3. The contact area of the protruding structure 214 and the workpiece is relatively stable, so that the condition of line contact or point contact between the clamping plate 21 and the workpiece can be reduced, the stability of clamping the workpiece by the clamping plate 21 is improved, and the clamping effect is enhanced.

Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a location clamping mechanism, its characterized in that, includes workstation (1), clamping component (2) and locating component (3), clamping component (2) with locating component (3) all set up on workstation (1), clamping component (2) are including splint (21), locating component (3) are including constant head tank structure (311), location bush (32) and locating pin (33), insert the one end of location bush (32) in constant head tank structure (311), stretch out the other end of location bush (32) outside constant head tank structure (311), locating pin (33) pass splint (21) with location bush (32) can dismantle the connection.

2. The positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping assembly (2) further comprises a first supporting rod (22) and a first locking member (23), a first through hole (211) is formed on the clamping plate (21), the first supporting rod (22) passes through the first through hole (211) and is fixedly connected to the worktable (1), the first locking member (23) is located above the clamping plate (21) and is detachably connected with the first supporting rod (22), and the first locking member (23) is used for limiting the displacement of the clamping plate (21) on the first supporting rod (22).

3. The positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 2, wherein said first through hole (211) is a kidney-shaped hole.

4. The positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the clamping assembly (2) further comprises a second support rod (25) and a second locking member (26), a second through hole (212) is further formed on the clamping plate (21), the second support rod (25) passes through the second through hole (212) and contacts with the workbench (1), the second locking member (26) is located below the clamping plate (21) and detachably connected with the second support rod (25), and the second locking member (26) is used for limiting the displacement of the clamping plate (21) on the first support rod (22).

5. The positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that said second support bar (25) is further provided with a first connecting structure (251), said first connecting structure (251) being adapted to be detachably connected with an auxiliary tool.

6. The positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning assembly (3) further comprises a spacer block (31), one end of the spacer block (31) facing the clamping plate (21) is provided with the positioning groove structure (311), and the other end of the spacer block (31) is fixedly connected to the workbench (1).

7. The positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the spacer (31) is provided with a locking hole (313), and the positioning assembly (3) further comprises a third locking member for locking the positioning bushing (32), wherein the third locking member passes through the locking hole (313) and contacts with the positioning bushing (32).

8. The positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning pin (33) is provided with a second connecting structure (334), the second connecting structure (334) being adapted for detachable connection with an auxiliary tool.

9. The positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a notch (213) is formed at one end of the clamping plate (21) close to the positioning component (3), and the positioning pin (33) passes through the notch (213) to be detachably connected with the positioning bush (32).

10. The positioning and clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping plate (21) is further provided with a protruding structure (214) facing the positioning assembly (3), the protruding structure (214) being arranged at an end of the clamping plate (21) close to the positioning assembly (3).