CN211800054U - Electrostatic classification device for atmospheric particle mixture - Google Patents
Electrostatic classification device for atmospheric particle mixture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN211800054U CN211800054U CN202020024958.5U CN202020024958U CN211800054U CN 211800054 U CN211800054 U CN 211800054U CN 202020024958 U CN202020024958 U CN 202020024958U CN 211800054 U CN211800054 U CN 211800054U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrostatic
- power supply
- atmospheric
- voltage power
- electrophoresis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an electrostatic classification device for atmospheric particle mixture, which comprises a direct current high-voltage power supply, a positive output electrode, a negative output electrode, an electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove and a liquid medium, wherein the liquid medium is contained in the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove; positive and negative output electrodes of a direct-current high-voltage power supply are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank in parallel; the direct-current high-voltage power supply is connected with the positive output electrode and the negative output electrode through output cables, and a parallel high-voltage electric field is formed in the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove. The method comprises the steps of placing atmospheric particulates in a liquid medium, wherein the moving speeds of the particulates with different electric mobility are different under the action of electrostatic field force, so that the electrostatic electrophoresis screening of the atmospheric particulates is realized within a certain time. The utility model discloses can extensively be arranged in the separation classification, the purification of particulate matter (including bacterium, fungi, pollen and virus etc.) among the atmospheric environment, especially have important meaning to the distribution, the source, the toxicity etc. of studying atmospheric particulates.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a classifying separation technique of atmosphere granule mixture, in particular to static grading plant who realizes quick separation to atmosphere granule mixture according to the different electric mobility of different granules in liquid medium difference.
Background
Air pollution is a leading environmental problem in the world today, especially the pollution of atmospheric particulates. Exposure of particulate matter reportedly results in premature death of millions of people per year. The composition of atmospheric particulates is very complex and includes biological and chemical components such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, pollen and other biological particles as well as sulfate, nitrate, ammonium salts and other non-biological particles. Among the various particulate components, there are many particles that are harmful to human body, but in practice they are often collected together, but they do not effectively separate the different particles. The critical toxic components cannot be identified in the process of studying the toxicity and health effects of particulate matter, and thus the health of the population cannot be better protected. Meanwhile, in the research of analyzing the dust-haze forming process, the identification of the particle components and the toxicity of different particle size sections is incomplete, so that the key mechanism is not known enough, the distribution information of particle sizes of particles with different properties in the pollution process is lacked, and the accurate control of the atmospheric pollution is influenced. For biological particles in the air, in the past, the real-time particle size distribution information of the biological particles is obtained by using a laser-induced bioluminescence method, but due to the limitation of the method, biological information with different particle sizes cannot be identified, namely biological species cannot be identified. Furthermore, this method does not distinguish between biological and chemical fluorescence, resulting in a large number of false positives. Meanwhile, the components of the atmospheric sample are complex, the sensitivity and the detection efficiency of a common biological detection method are greatly influenced, and the sample purification has great challenges.
And for the whole atmospheric particulates, the particle size information of the particulates in the atmosphere can be obtained in real time based on an optical method, and some instruments and equipment can detect 1 nanometer. Also, these devices are not capable of recognizing information about these different particle sizes, such as biological particles, non-biological particles. By utilizing the inertia of the particles, some instruments such as an Andersen sampler and a Nano MOUDI can respectively collect the particles in the atmosphere according to the particle size of the particles, and can divide the particles into 10 nm particles, but the particle size section for separating the particles by the instruments is very limited, and because the methods all need very large power to collect the particles, the quantity of the particles collected in unit time is very limited, and the challenges exist in the aspect of the efficiency of extracting the particles, thereby influencing the subsequent related researches. For example, in these apparatuses, the particulate matter needs to be further extracted from the filter membrane, and not only is the efficiency a problem during the extraction process, but also the particulate matter components may change, thereby affecting the subsequent research.
In the past, there have been studies to classify atmospheric particulates according to their electrical mobilities using differences in the electrical mobilities of the particulates and electrostatic fields, such as the commercial dma (differential Mobility analyzer). Meanwhile, research is also carried out on filter membrane collection of the particles classified according to DMA by combining DMA and the filter membrane, but because the particles have relatively less charges, the collection flow is greatly limited, and the collected particle amount is very limited, so that subsequent particle detection and analysis are influenced. In addition, these instruments and devices are also very limited in their ability to fractionate particulates in the atmosphere, and are extremely challenging for some small molecules. Meanwhile, the rapid collection and concentration of the atmospheric particulates are realized by different collection methods, so that a large amount of particulates can be obtained in a short time. Research also utilizes mineral oil to combine large-traffic collection, concentrates the particulate matter in the air fast. In the biological field, the method of gel electrophoresis has been widely used in the biological field, and has been widely used, taking advantage of the difference in the migration rate of DNAs containing different base pairs in an electric field, thereby achieving effective separation of them. Studies have revealed that particles in the atmosphere carry different charges. For example, past studies have found that bacteria in the air inside and outside the room carry more than about 10 basic unit charges. Therefore, by combining and utilizing a gel electrophoresis method in the biological field and high-power concentration and enrichment of air particles, rapid separation (within a few minutes) of collected particles in the atmosphere according to different electric mobilities (generally in inverse proportion to particle sizes of the particles) can be realized, and then the particle classification, enrichment and purification are carried out, and the detection effect is improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a method for aim at utilizing the electrophoresis in biological field, utilize the different electric mobility of atmospheric particulates and realize quick separation's atmospheric particulates mixture electrostatic classification device, mainly through placing atmospheric particulates in mineral oil or other liquid medium (the medium that the particulate matter can remove wherein), under the effect of electrostatic field force, the rate that the particulate matter that has different electric mobility migrates in same electric field is different, thereby with the quick detached method of various particulate matters in the atmospheric particulates mixture in unit interval, can extensively be used for the separation and classification of particulate matter (including bacterium, fungi, pollen and virus etc.) in the atmospheric environment, the separation and purification of sample, the particle size distribution of atmospheric particulates, the separation and extraction and different protein molecules of different particle size granule, the separation and purification of chemical molecule etc. especially to the distribution of studying atmospheric particulates, The source, toxicity and the like have important meanings.
The main technical principle of the utility model is as shown in formula (1): atmospheric particles carry certain charges, particles in the air are concentrated and enriched through a large-flow sampler or other methods, the collected particles are placed in a liquid medium with certain viscosity, the particles in the liquid medium move at different speeds in the liquid medium under the action of an electrostatic field due to different electric mobility of different particles, and the particles with different electric mobility move at different distances in unit time, so that the two electrodes are separated. The particles having the same electrical mobility are enriched where the two positive and negative electrodes differ. The particles are thus enriched in stages between the two electrodes, since the electrical mobility of the particles is not continuous. The separated particles (possibly bacteria, fungi, viruses and pollen or other non-biological particles) are obtained by pipetting at two directly different places (representing different electrical mobilities) by using a pipetting gun. The method utilizes the difference of the electric mobility of the atmospheric particulates, and combines the effective separation of the atmospheric particulates by using an electrostatic field and a liquid medium, so as to separate and purify nano-scale to millimeter-scale particles. The method can be widely used for separation and classification of particles (including bacteria, fungi, pollen, viruses and the like) in the atmospheric environment, separation and purification of samples, particle size distribution of atmospheric particles, separation and extraction of particles with different particle sizes, separation and purification of different protein molecules, chemical molecules and the like, and has important significance for researching distribution, source, toxicity and the like of the atmospheric particles. The method provides an unprecedented research means for the research of particles with different particle sizes in the atmosphere.
μd＝Vd/E (1)
Wherein mudIs the electrical mobility, V, of the particlesdIs the migration velocity of the particles, and E is the electrostatic field strength. For spherical particles that are larger than the mean free path of the molecules of the medium, the electrical mobility of the particles is inversely proportional to the diameter of the particles; whereas for spherical particles that are smaller than the mean free path of the molecules of the medium, the electrical mobility of the particles is inversely proportional to the square of the diameter of the particles.
In order to realize the quick screening of gathering back atmosphere granule mixture, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme (see fig. 1):
the electrostatic classification device for the atmospheric particle mixture is characterized by comprising a direct-current high-voltage power supply, positive and negative output electrodes of the direct-current high-voltage power supply, an electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank and a liquid medium, wherein the liquid medium is contained in the electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank; positive and negative output electrodes of a direct-current high-voltage power supply are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank in parallel; the direct-current high-voltage power supply is connected with the positive output electrode and the negative output electrode through output cables, and a parallel high-voltage electric field is formed in the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove.
Preferably, the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove is a rectangular groove, and the long edge of the rectangular groove is parallel to the direction of the parallel high-voltage electric field. In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrostatic electrophoresis sieving tank is a rectangular tank with an internal space length of 60mm, a width of 20mm and a height of 4 mm.
Furthermore, the electrostatic classification device also comprises an electrophoresis screening groove support frame, the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove is horizontally placed inside the electrophoresis screening groove support frame, the positive and negative output electrodes of the direct-current high-voltage power supply are in a long strip shape, and the positive and negative output electrodes are symmetrically pasted on the outer walls at the two ends of the electrophoresis screening groove support frame in parallel.
Furthermore, a displacement scale is further arranged in the electrophoresis screening groove support frame, is parallel to the direction of the high-voltage electric field and is usually tightly attached to the inner side of the electrophoresis screening groove support frame.
The utility model discloses an electrostatic classification device of atmospheric particulates mixture can also be including the optical system who is used for observing atmospheric particulates separation process, optical system includes external microscope and/or CCD camera for record atmospheric particulates electrophoresis's whole process.
The direct-current high-voltage power supply is preferably an adjustable direct-current power supply capable of providing an output voltage of 0.001-20kV, and the output voltage can be adjusted to finely regulate and control the time for classifying and separating the particles. The electric field intensity of the electrostatic field applied by the direct-current high-voltage power supply can be adjusted to the maximum value until the electrostatic field does not break through the air medium, and the electric field intensity is preferably 2.5 multiplied by 105V/m～3.3×105V/m parallel high voltage electric field.
The positive and negative output electrodes of the direct-current high-voltage power supply are used for being connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the direct-current high-voltage power supply, preferably rectangular copper plate electrodes with the same size are connected with the outer wall of the support frame of the insulated electrophoresis screening tank and are kept parallel.
The liquid medium is a liquid having a viscosity, typically greater than 1cSt (kinematic viscosity units), and the particles are allowed to migrate under the influence of an electrostatic field. Preferably, the viscosity of the liquid medium is 14.2 to 17.2cSt (kinematic viscosity unit), such as mineral oil, vegetable oil, and the like. The particles in the atmosphere are not dissolved in the liquid medium, and can keep the original state in the atmosphere without property change. And dispersing and uniformly mixing the collected atmospheric particle mixture by using the liquid medium to prepare an atmospheric particle mixture sample, and then dropwise adding the atmospheric particle mixture sample into the liquid medium applied with the high-voltage electric field to perform electrostatic field electrophoresis screening.
The electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank can be a container made of any insulating material, is used for containing a liquid medium for electrostatic electrophoresis of particulate matters, and is preferably a container made of polyvinyl chloride or polymethyl methacrylate (acrylic material).
The supporting frame of the electrophoresis screening tank can be made of any insulating material, preferably polyvinyl chloride or polymethyl methacrylate, and is mainly used for supporting positive and negative output electrodes of a direct-current high-voltage power supply.
The displacement scale may be any scale that can measure dimensions, preferably a scale of an insulating material with a millimeter or higher accuracy, primarily for recording and calculating the electrical mobility of particles at different locations.
The utility model has the advantages that: through the utility model discloses an electrostatic classification device utilizes the electrophoresis method in the microorganism field, can realize that the particle in the atmosphere to gathering is according to different quick separation of electric mobility (also be the variation in size of particle diameter simultaneously), enrichment, extraction, can extract the granule that obtains the nanometer level in principle, also can extract the particle that obtains micron to millimeter level. The device can realize the fine separation of atmospheric particulates, and can be widely used for the separation and classification of particulates (including bacteria, fungi, pollen, viruses and the like) in the atmospheric environment, the separation and purification of samples, the particle size distribution of atmospheric particulates, the separation and extraction of particles with different particle sizes, the separation and purification of different protein molecules, chemical molecules and the like. The device can also be used for separating and purifying samples in other fields, such as extracting viruses in biological samples and the like.
The utility model has the main characteristics that:
(1) the electrophoresis method in the field of microorganisms can be used for realizing the rapid and fine separation and purification of particles in the atmosphere.
(2) The utility model discloses can separate the enrichment with biological granule such as bacterium, fungi, virus and pollen in the atmospheric particulates.
(3) The utility model discloses a can realize the meticulous separation to nanometer, micron, the particulate matter of millimeter rank in the atmospheric particulates.
(4) The utility model discloses a do not change the original state of atmospheric particulates when realizing separation, purification and the enrichment of atmospheric particulates, utilize mineral oil promptly, the particulate matter is insoluble.
(5) The utility model discloses a can extract the particulate matter of any particle diameter section to can the particulate matter of a certain specific particle diameter of accurate research.
(6) The utility model discloses a also can separate and extract micro molecules such as enrichment atmospheric particulates middle and large molecule protein, DNA fragment through adjusting different output voltage.
(7) The utility model discloses a through adjusting different output voltage, can selectively draw required target particulate matter, material such as macromolecule from the atmospheric particulates.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrostatic classification device for atmospheric particle mixture based on an electrophoresis method in the field of microorganisms, wherein a is a front view and B is a top view; in the figure: the system comprises a direct-current high-voltage power supply 1, a direct-current high-voltage power supply 2, a direct-current high-voltage power supply output cable 3, positive and negative output electrodes of the direct-current high-voltage power supply 3, an electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove 4, an electrophoresis screening groove support frame 5, a liquid medium 6 and a displacement scale 7.
Figure 2 is the microscope picture of utilizing this utility model to realize the particulate matter that has different electric mobility after the enrichment purification of atmospheric particulates separation.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the utility model discloses an electrostatic classification device based on quick fine separation of particulate matter, enrichment and purification of microorganism field electrophoresis method and the different electric mobility of atmospheric particulates under the electrostatic field includes: the device comprises a direct-current high-voltage power supply 1, positive and negative output electrodes 3 of the direct-current high-voltage power supply, an electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove 4 and a liquid medium 6, wherein the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove 4 is a rectangular groove, the positive and negative output electrodes 3 of the direct-current high-voltage power supply are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove 4 in parallel, the adjustable direct-current high-voltage power supply 1 is connected with the positive and negative output electrodes 3 through an output cable, and a parallel high-voltage electric field is formed in the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove 4. The electrostatic grading device further comprises an electrophoresis screening groove supporting frame 5 horizontally placed on the workbench, positive and negative output electrodes 3 of the direct-current high-voltage power supply are in a long strip shape, the electrophoresis screening groove supporting frame 5 is symmetrically and parallelly stuck to the outer sides of vertical walls at two ends of the electrophoresis screening groove supporting frame, the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove 4 is horizontally placed inside the electrophoresis screening groove supporting frame 5, the long edge of the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove 4 is parallel to the direction of a parallel high-voltage electric field, and 2 ml of liquid medium 6 is filled into the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove 4. The electrophoresis screening groove support frame 5 is also internally provided with a displacement scale 7 which is parallel to the direction of the high-voltage electric field and clings to the inner side of the electrophoresis screening groove support frame 5.
When the electrostatic classifying device is used for electrostatic electrophoresis screening of atmospheric particulates, firstly, a switch of the adjustable direct-current high-voltage power supply 1 is turned on to adjust the voltage to the required voltage, then, an atmospheric particulate sample is dispersed in a medium which is the same as a liquid medium 6 for electrostatic electrophoresis of the particulates, in the embodiment, sterile mineral oil (M5904, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) with the viscosity of 16.3cSt is selected, after uniform oscillation and mixing are carried out, a liquid-moving gun is used for dropwise adding 10 microliters of the atmospheric particulate sample into the liquid medium 6 at the central position of the electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank 4, meanwhile, a timer is used for timing, and after two minutes, the voltage of the adjustable direct-current high-voltage power supply 1 is adjusted to 0V. After the voltage is reduced to 0V, the electrostatic electrophoresis screening of the atmospheric particulate is finished, the displacement scale 7 can be used for selecting the atmospheric particulate samples screened by the electrostatic electrophoresis at different distances, and the samples can be taken by a liquid transfer gun and then can be observed by a microscope, the adenosine triphosphate luminescent reaction determination, other biochemical analysis and the like.
For an electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank with the internal length of 60mm, the width of 20mm and the height of 4mm, the output voltage of a direct-current high-voltage power supply is 19kV, namely the electrostatic field intensity is 3.17 multiplied by 105The separation result of an electrostatic electrophoretic screening of a mixture of atmospheric particles under V/m conditions is shown in fig. 2 (a microscopic image of a ten-fold magnification of particles with different electrical mobilities), and it can be seen that the method can realize fine separation of the mixture of atmospheric particles.
Claims (10)
1. The electrostatic classification device for the atmospheric particle mixture is characterized by comprising a direct-current high-voltage power supply, positive and negative output electrodes of the direct-current high-voltage power supply, an electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank and a liquid medium, wherein the liquid medium is contained in the electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank; positive and negative output electrodes of a direct-current high-voltage power supply are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the electrostatic electrophoresis screening tank in parallel; the direct-current high-voltage power supply is connected with the positive output electrode and the negative output electrode through output cables, and a parallel high-voltage electric field is formed in the electrostatic electrophoresis screening groove.
2. The electrostatic classifier of claim 1 wherein said electrostatic electrophoresis sieving tank is a rectangular tank with long sides parallel to the direction of the parallel high voltage electric field.
3. The electrostatic classifier of claim 1, further comprising an electrophoretic screening tank supporting frame, wherein the electrostatic electrophoretic screening tank is horizontally disposed inside the electrophoretic screening tank supporting frame, and the positive and negative output electrodes of the dc high voltage power supply are in a strip shape and symmetrically adhered to the outer walls of the two ends of the electrophoretic screening tank supporting frame in parallel.
4. The electrostatic classifying apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a displacement scale is provided in the supporting frame of the electrophoretic screening tank, and the displacement scale is parallel to the direction of the high voltage electric field.
5. The electrostatic classifying apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the displacement scale is an insulating material scale with a precision of millimeters or more.
6. The electrostatic classifier of claim 1 further comprising an optical system for observing the atmospheric particulate separation process.
7. The electrostatic fractioning device of claim 6, wherein the optical system comprises an external microscope and/or a CCD camera.
8. The electrostatic classifier of claim 1, wherein the dc high voltage power supply is an adjustable dc power supply providing an output voltage of 0.001 to 20 kV.
9. An electrostatic classification apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the liquid medium is a liquid having a viscosity of greater than 1cSt which does not dissolve atmospheric particulates.
10. The electrostatic fractionating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said electrostatic electrophoresis sieving tank and electrophoresis sieving tank support frame are made of insulating material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020024958.5U CN211800054U (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2020-01-07 | Electrostatic classification device for atmospheric particle mixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020024958.5U CN211800054U (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2020-01-07 | Electrostatic classification device for atmospheric particle mixture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211800054U true CN211800054U (en) | 2020-10-30 |
Family
ID=73048767
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020024958.5U Active CN211800054U (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2020-01-07 | Electrostatic classification device for atmospheric particle mixture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN211800054U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111135717A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-12 | 北京大学 | Electrostatic classification method and device for atmospheric particle mixture |
-
2020
- 2020-01-07 CN CN202020024958.5U patent/CN211800054U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111135717A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-12 | 北京大学 | Electrostatic classification method and device for atmospheric particle mixture |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Pethig | Dielectrophoresis: Theory, methodology and biological applications | |
| Pethig | Dielectrophoresis: Status of the theory, technology, and applications | |
| US10710074B2 (en) | Method for laser separation and characterization of particles and molecular species | |
| US11944967B2 (en) | Deterministic ratchet for sub-micrometer bioparticle separation | |
| US6509158B1 (en) | Image processing and analysis of individual nucleic acid molecules | |
| US6610256B2 (en) | Image processing and analysis of individual nucleic acid molecules | |
| Jones et al. | Blood cell capture in a sawtooth dielectrophoretic microchannel | |
| Staton et al. | Characterization of particle capture in a sawtooth patterned insulating electrokinetic microfluidic device | |
| US20030159932A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for analysing low concentrations of particles | |
| US20090194420A1 (en) | Systems and Methods for Separating Particles and/or Substances from a Sample Fluid | |
| JP2001502226A (en) | Analysis / separation method | |
| JP2011206769A (en) | Scodaphoresis and method and apparatus for moving and concentrating particle | |
| Reynolds et al. | Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water: techniques for generating precise recovery data | |
| CN1678908A (en) | Cell analyzing and segregating device | |
| US7201878B2 (en) | Aerosol particle analyzer for measuring an analyte in airborne particles | |
| Hoettges et al. | Optimizing particle collection for enhanced surface-based biosensors | |
| CN211800054U (en) | Electrostatic classification device for atmospheric particle mixture | |
| US20050179893A1 (en) | Aerosol Particle Analyzer for Measuring the Amount of Analyte in Airborne Particles | |
| JP5158111B2 (en) | Reaction analysis method | |
| CN111135717A (en) | Electrostatic classification method and device for atmospheric particle mixture | |
| Li et al. | Fine Sieving of Collected Atmospheric Particles using Oil Electrophoresis (iSCAPE) | |
| CN1616958A (en) | Cell quantitative analysis method based on micro fluid control chip | |
| Tsukahara et al. | Dielectrophoresis of microbioparticles in water with planar and capillary quadrupole electrodes | |
| Li et al. | Fine Sieving of Atmospheric Particles in a Collected Air Sample Using Oil Electrophoresis | |
| Barasinski et al. | Electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |