SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In the summary section a series of concepts in a simplified form is introduced, which will be described in further detail in the detailed description section. The inventive content does not imply any attempt to define the essential features and essential features of the claimed solution, nor is it implied to be intended to define the scope of the claimed solution.
In order to solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a propulsion device for driving a ship, the propulsion device including: the distance paddle is positioned outside the ship and provided with a distance paddle shaft; the stern shaft is connected with the pitch propeller shaft; the stern tube is fixed on the ship and sleeved on the periphery of the stern shaft; the water lubrication bearing is arranged between the stern shaft and the stern tube; the middle shaft is provided with an annular flange extending outwards along the radial direction of the middle shaft; the hydraulic coupling is connected with the intermediate shaft and the stern shaft; the radial sliding bearing is fixed in the ship and sleeved outside the intermediate shaft to support the intermediate shaft; the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the intermediate shaft so as to drive the intermediate shaft to rotate; the thrust bearing is fixed in the ship and arranged at the annular flange to bear the axial force of the intermediate shaft; the outlet of the hydraulic lubricating pump is communicated with a second lubricating gap between the thrust bearing and the intermediate shaft so as to convey hydraulic oil to the first lubricating gap and the second lubricating gap.
According to the utility model discloses a propulsion unit, the first lubricated clearance intercommunication between export and the journal bearing of hydraulic pressure lubricated pump and the jackshaft, the lubricated clearance intercommunication of second between export and thrust bearing and the jackshaft of hydraulic pressure lubricated pump, like this, the hydraulic pressure lubricated pump can carry lubricating oil to this first lubricated clearance and the lubricated clearance of second, in order to form lubricating oil film in first lubricated clearance department and the lubricated clearance department of second, reduce the wearing and tearing of jackshaft, and the sound that produces with the journal bearing collision when reducing the jackshaft and rotating, and the sound that produces with the thrust bearing collision when reducing the jackshaft and rotating, and then reduce propulsion unit's sound, adopt like this the utility model discloses a sound when propulsion unit's boats and ships are voyaged is little, is applicable to scientific investigation.
Optionally, the propulsion device further comprises an elastic coupling, and the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the intermediate shaft through the elastic coupling.
Optionally, the pitch propeller comprises 5 or 7 blades.
Optionally, in the height direction of the driving motor, the distance H between the motor installation plane of the driving motor and the central line of the output shaft of the driving motor is less than or equal to 100 mm.
Optionally, the minimum distance between the blade tip of the pitch propeller and the hull of the vessel is more than 25% of the diameter of the pitch propeller.
Optionally, there are two hydraulic lubrication pumps, and when one hydraulic lubrication pump works, the other hydraulic lubrication pump stops working.
Alternatively, the water lubricated bearing is made of a polymer composite material.
Optionally, the propulsion device comprises a stern tube sealing device, the stern tube sealing device is connected with one end of the stern tube far away from the pitch propeller and the stern shaft so as to seal a gap between one end of the stern tube far away from the pitch propeller and the stern shaft; and/or
The intermediate shaft penetrates through a bulkhead of the ship, and the propelling device further comprises a compartment sealing device which is connected with the intermediate shaft and the bulkhead so as to seal a gap between the intermediate shaft and the bulkhead.
Optionally, the propulsion device further comprises a gear set and a barring gear, an output shaft of the barring gear is connected with an input shaft of the gear set, and an output shaft of the gear set is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor.
Optionally, the propulsion device further comprises a brake, the brake being connected to the intermediate shaft, the brake releasing the intermediate shaft when the drive motor is operated, and the brake locking the intermediate shaft when the drive motor is not operated.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring embodiments of the present invention.
In the following description, a detailed structure will be presented for a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. It is apparent that the implementation of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art. The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, however, the invention is capable of other embodiments in addition to those detailed.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a propulsion device. The propulsion device may be used for driving the navigation of a ship. The ship can be used for scientific investigation. Each ship is provided with two sets of propelling devices so as to stabilize the navigation of the ship.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the propulsion device includes a pitch propeller 110, a stern shaft 120, a stern tube 130, a water lubricated bearing 140, an intermediate shaft 150, a hydraulic coupling 160, a radial sliding bearing 170, a hydraulic lubricated pump 240, a stern tube sealing device 200, a thrust bearing device 250, and a driving motor 180.
The distance paddles 110 are located at the bottom of the outer side of the vessel. The pitch propeller 110 comprises a pitch propeller shaft. The pitch shaft of the pitch propeller 110 may be connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 180 through the stern shaft 120, the intermediate shaft 150. The driving motor 180 drives the pitch propeller 110 to rotate so as to drive the ship to sail.
Preferably, the number of blades of the pitch propeller 110 may be 5 blades or 7 blades. This simplifies the structure of the pitch propeller 110.
Preferably, the minimum distance between the blade tip of the pitch propeller 110 and the hull of the vessel is more than 25% of the propeller diameter of the pitch propeller 110. This can reduce noise generated by the pitch propeller 110 rotating in water.
In the present embodiment, when the ship provided with the propulsion device is running at full speed, the first-order pulsating pressure of the water flow induced by the rotating distance paddles 110 at the ship body of the ship is less than or equal to 0.5 kPa. In this way, underwater sound when a ship provided with the propulsion device is underway can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first end of the stern shaft 120 is located outside the hull of the vessel. The first end of the stern shaft 120 is connected to the free end of the pitch shaft. The stern shaft 120 and the pitch propeller shaft are coaxially arranged. The second end of the stern shaft 120 extends into the rudder compartment of the vessel. The first end of the stern tube 130 is located outside the hull of the vessel. The second end of the stern tube 130 extends into the rudder cabin of the ship and is fixedly connected to the rudder cabin of the ship. The stern tube 130 is sleeved on the periphery of the stern shaft 120.
The propulsion device comprises two water lubricated bearings 140. A water lubricated bearing 140 is located between the stern shaft 120 and the stern tube 130 to lubricate the stern shaft 120. The two water-lubricated bearings 140 include a first water-lubricated bearing 140 and a second water-lubricated bearing 140. A first water lubricated bearing 140 is located at a first end of the stern tube 130. A second water lubricated bearing 140 is located at the second end of the stern tube 130. In this way, the treated high pressure seawater may be delivered into the second water lubricated bearing 140. The seawater flows in the stern tube 130 from a first end to a second end and then out of the stern tube 130 at a first water lubricated bearing 140. In this process, the seawater in the stern tube 130 lubricates the stern shaft 120, reducing wear of the stern shaft 120.
Preferably, the water lubricated bearing 140 is made of a polymer composite material. Such as polyethylene, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyamide, and synthetic materials thereof. Thus, the water lubricated bearing 140 has a small mass and a high wear resistance.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the stern tube sealing device 200 is fitted around the outer circumference of the stern shaft 120 and seals the end surface of the second end of the stern tube 130. Thereby, leakage of liquid in the stern tube 130 into the vessel is avoided.
The stern tube sealing device 200 comprises a first body, a first shaft seal and a first sealing gasket which are positioned in the first body. The first shaft envelope is arranged at the outer circumference of the stern shaft 120 to seal the gap between the stern shaft 120 and the first body. The first body is connected to the second end of the stern tube 130. The first gasket is located in the gap between the first body and the second end of the stern tube 130. The first body presses a first sealing gasket against the second end of the stern tube 130 to seal the gap between the first body and the second end of the stern tube 130. Thereby, the gap between the second end of the stern tube 130 and the stern shaft 120 may be sealed. Liquid in the stern tube 130 is prevented from leaking out of the stern tube 130 at the second end of the stern tube 130.
In this embodiment, in the ship, the output shaft of the driving motor 180 is connected to the second end of the stern shaft 120 through three intermediate shafts 150. The three intermediate shafts 150 include a first intermediate shaft 151, a second intermediate shaft 152, and a thrust shaft 153. The first intermediate shaft 151 is located in the rudder nacelle. The first intermediate shaft 151 is connected to the second end of the stern shaft 120 by a hydraulic coupling 160. Hydraulic coupling 160 may be a hydraulic safety coupling.
The thrust shaft 153 is located in the drive motor compartment adjacent to the rudder compartment. The drive motor 180, gear set and barring 220 are all located within the drive motor compartment. The second end of the first intermediate shaft 151 and the first end of the second intermediate shaft 152 are connected in the rudder nacelle. A second end of the second intermediate shaft 152 extends from the rudder nacelle into the drive motor nacelle and then connects with a first end of the thrust shaft 153. A second end of the thrust shaft 153 is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor 180 through an elastic coupling 190. In this way, the driving motor 180 can drive the pitch propeller 110 to rotate through the three intermediate shafts 150, thereby driving the vessel to sail. The elastic coupling 190 makes a small sound when it rotates, thereby reducing the sound when the propulsion device operates. The elastic coupling 190 may isolate the driving motor from the thrust shaft 153, and further isolate the vibration of the output shaft of the driving motor from the vibration of the thrust shaft 153, thereby reducing the probability of the vibration coupling between the output shaft of the driving motor and the thrust shaft 153.
With continued reference to fig. 1-5, the thrust assembly includes two radial plain bearings 170 and one thrust bearing assembly 250. The two radial plain bearings 170 include a first radial plain bearing and a second radial plain bearing. The first radial sliding bearing is fixedly connected in the rudder engine cabin. The first radial sliding bearing is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first intermediate shaft 151, and the first radial sliding bearing is located at the approximate middle position of the first intermediate shaft 151. The second radial sliding bearing is fixedly connected in the rudder engine cabin. The second radial sliding bearing is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second intermediate shaft 152, and the second radial sliding bearing is located at the approximate middle position of the second intermediate shaft 152. Thus, the radial sliding bearing 170 is located at a substantially middle position of the intermediate shaft 150, and the radial sliding bearing 170 can smoothly support the intermediate shaft 150 with a small sound when the intermediate shaft 150 rotates. Thrust bearing assembly 250 may be thrust bearing assembly ITB250 of WARTSILA group.
Thrust bearing assembly 250 includes two radial slide bearings and two thrust bearings. Thrust bearing assembly 250 is fixedly coupled within the drive motor compartment. An annular flange is provided at one end of the thrust shaft 153 near the drive motor 180. The annular flange extends radially of the thrust shaft 153 toward the outside of the thrust shaft 153. The thrust shaft 153 thus forms a step at the annular flange. The two thrust bearings include a first thrust bearing and a second thrust bearing. A first thrust bearing is provided at a first side of the annular flange facing the drive motor to act on the first side, so that the first thrust bearing receives an axial force of the thrust shaft 153 facing the drive motor. A second thrust bearing is provided at a second side of the annular flange remote from the drive motor to act on the second side, so that the second thrust bearing receives an axial force of the thrust shaft 153 remote from the drive motor.
Two radial sliding bearings of thrust bearing assembly 250 are fitted over thrust shaft 153. In the axial direction of thrust shaft 153, one radial slide bearing of thrust bearing arrangement 250 is located on a first side of the annular flange facing away from the drive motor. The other radial plain bearing of thrust bearing assembly 250 is located on a second side of the annular flange adjacent the drive motor. In this way the two radial plain bearings of thrust bearing assembly 250 share thrust shaft 153 on either side of the annular flange. The thrust shaft 153 is stressed stably and has small rotation sound.
In the present embodiment, the outlet of the hydraulic lubrication pump 240 communicates with the first lubrication gap between each radial sliding bearing 170 and the intermediate shaft 150 connected thereto through a pipe. The outlet of the hydraulic lubrication pump 240 communicates through a conduit to a second lubrication gap between the following thrust bearing and the intermediate shaft 150 connected thereto. Like this, hydraulic lubrication pump 240 can carry lubricating oil to this first lubrication clearance and second lubrication clearance to form the lubricating oil film in first lubrication clearance department and second lubrication clearance department, reduce jackshaft 150's wearing and tearing, and reduce jackshaft 150 and collide the sound that produces with radial slide bearing 170 when rotating, and reduce jackshaft 150 and collide the sound that produces with thrust bearing when rotating, and then reduce advancing device's sound, adopt like this the utility model discloses a sound when advancing device's boats and ships sailed is little, is applicable to scientific investigation.
Preferably, the hydraulic lubrication pump 240 delivers the lubricating oil to the above-mentioned lubrication gap when the rotation speed of the output shaft of the driving motor 180 is lower than a preset rotation speed (e.g., 30 rpm). Thus, an oil film can be formed in the lubrication gap between radial sliding bearing 170 and intermediate shaft 150 when drive motor 180 is operating at a low rotational speed. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the abrasion of the intermediate shaft 150 when the driving motor 180 is operated at a low rotation speed, and to reduce the sound generated by the friction between the intermediate shaft 150 and the bearing connected thereto when it rotates.
In this embodiment, the propulsion device comprises two hydraulic lubrication pumps 240. While one hydraulic lubrication pump 240 is operating, the other hydraulic lubrication pump 240 is on standby.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the drive motor includes a motor base. The motor base is provided with 8 motor mounting holes. The 8 motor mounting holes include 4 first motor mounting holes located at a first side (left side of the output shaft in fig. 4) of the output shaft of the driving motor, and 4 second motor mounting holes located at a second side (right side of the output shaft in fig. 4) of the output shaft of the driving motor opposite to the first side. The propulsion device further comprises a vibration isolation block.
The vibration isolation block is disposed on a motor mounting base of the ship for mounting the driving motor, and then the motor mounting plane 260 of the motor base is disposed on the vibration isolation block. And then, the bolt penetrates through the motor mounting hole and the vibration isolation block and is connected to a motor mounting base of the ship, so that the driving motor can be mounted on the motor mounting base. In the driving motor, the distance H between the motor mounting plane 260 and the center line of the output shaft of the driving motor is less than or equal to 100mm in the height (up-down direction in FIG. 5) direction of the driving motor 180. Therefore, the sound generated when the driving motor 180 operates can be effectively reduced.
In this embodiment, the vibration noise generated when the driving motor operates can be further reduced by the vibration isolating block.
As shown in fig. 4, the propulsion device further comprises a compartment sealing device 210. The compartment seal 210 is located within the motor drive compartment. The compartment seal 210 comprises a second body, a second shaft seal and a second seal gasket located within the second body. A second shaft sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of the second intermediate shaft 152 to seal the gap between the second intermediate shaft 152 and the second body. The second body is connected with a bulkhead between the motor drive cabin and the rudder cabin. The second gasket is located in a gap between the second body and the bulkhead. The second body presses the second gasket against the bulkhead to seal a gap between the second body and the bulkhead. It will be appreciated that the compartment sealing arrangement 210 may also be located within the rudder nacelle.
The propulsion device also includes a gear plate and a barring 220. The output shaft of the barring gear 220 is connected with a gear disc, and the gear disc is fixed to the thrust shaft 153 by a bolt. Thus, the output shaft of the gear plate is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 180. Therefore, before the propelling device starts to work, a worker can drive the output shaft of the driving motor 180 to rotate through the turning gear 220, and then the whole propelling device rotates when the driving motor 180 is not driven.
In the embodiment, the rotating speed n1 of the screw shaft penetrating through the water lubrication bearing is not more than 12 revolutions per minute. The rotating speed n2 of the intermediate shaft penetrating the sliding radial bearing is less than or equal to 12 r/min. This makes the propulsion device operate with less sound.
The propulsion device further comprises a brake 230. The brake 230 is connected to the thrust shaft 153. Thus, when the driving motor 180 does not operate, the brake 230 can be locked (clasped) to the thrust shaft 153 so that the thrust shaft 153 cannot rotate and the pitch propeller 110 cannot rotate. When the driving motor 180 is operated, the brake 230 can be released from the thrust shaft 153, and the thrust shaft 153 and the pitch propeller 110 can rotate normally. Preferably, the brake 230 may be a Dellner Brakes brake, sweden.
The utility model also provides a boats and ships. The ship comprises the propulsion device.
The vessel comprises the aforementioned propulsion means and the outlet of the hydraulic lubrication pump 240 is connected by a conduit to the lubrication gap between each radial slide bearing 170 and the intermediate shaft 150 connected thereto. Like this, hydraulic pressure lubricant pump 240 can carry lubricating oil to this lubrication gap to form the lubricating oil film in lubrication gap department, reduce jackshaft 150's wearing and tearing, and reduce the jackshaft 150 and collide the sound that produces with the bearing when rotating, and then reduce advancing device's sound, adopt like this the utility model discloses a when advancing device's boats and ships can last navigation at end navigational speed for a long time, advancing device's wearing and tearing are little, and the noise of boats and ships during navigation is little under water, is applicable to scientific investigation.
In this embodiment, the total sound pressure level of noise during operation of the propulsion device is approximately 145 dB. The transmission efficiency of the propulsion device is more than or equal to 98 percent. When the ship provided with the propulsion device is in full-speed navigation, the first-order pulsating pressure does not exceed 0.5 kPa. The initial bubble speed of the ship is approximately 14.5 knots. The natural frequency of vibration of the entire rotating shaft system of the propulsion device exceeds 25% of the shaft frequency (rated rotating speed of the output shaft of the driving motor).
In the present embodiment, the cavitation-occurring initial speed of the pitch propeller 110 of the ship provided with the propulsion device is greater than 12 knots. The peak of pulsating pressure at the hull above the pitch paddles 110 is below 3kPa at the harmonic of the 1 st blade speed. The peak of pulsating pressure at the hull above the pitch paddles 110 is below 2kPa at the harmonic of the 2 nd blade speed.
The ship of the present embodiment is designed such that the underwater noise of the ship navigation satisfies the requirement of SILENT entrance grade SILENT of DNV GL classification society (classification society of the dest NorskeVeritas norwegian classification society and germanischer lloyd german lawski classification society). In particular, satisfies the requirement of SILENT R.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Terms such as "component" and the like, when used herein, can refer to either a single part or a combination of parts. Terms such as "mounted," "disposed," and the like, as used herein, may refer to one component as being directly attached to another component or one component as being attached to another component through intervening components. Features described herein in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment, either alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is otherwise inapplicable or otherwise stated in the other embodiment.
The present invention has been described in terms of the above embodiments, but it is to be understood that the above embodiments are for purposes of illustration and description only and are not intended to limit the invention to the described embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many more modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching and are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.