Clamp for cross stretching of welding spots
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of machining, concretely relates to be used for tensile anchor clamps of solder joint cross.
Background
In recent years, automobile manufacturing has been rapidly developed, and resistance spot welding has been achieved by virtue of thisThe automobile part connecting device has the advantages of low cost, high automation degree, high production efficiency and the like, and is an important automobile part connecting mode all the time. The working principle of resistance spot welding is as follows: two workpieces to be welded are lapped and combined, certain pressure is applied to the workpieces to be welded through an upper electrode and a lower electrode, certain current is passed between the electrodes and the contacted workpieces, and the Joule's law Q is I2RT, generating a large amount of resistance heat in a short time to melt local parent metal, rapidly cooling the welding point after stopping electrifying, and rapidly cooling the melted parent metal to form the welding point.
The quality of a welding spot is one of important factors for determining the safety of an automobile, the mechanical property test of the welding spot is an important mode for evaluating the quality of the welding spot, and the mechanical property test of the welding spot comprises the following steps: a tensile shear test and a cross tensile test. The cross tensile sample is formed by overlapping test pieces with specified sizes in a cross manner, wherein an overlapping area is square, and a welding spot is positioned in the center of the overlapping area of the square; the cross tensile test means that the welding points are pulled apart in the vertical direction and bear the tensile force in the vertical direction; the cross tensile test evaluates the toughness of the welding spot, and the cross tensile strength is an important index for measuring the quality of the welding spot, so that the method has important significance for ensuring the stability and reliability of tensile data. The traditional cross tensile fixture can not ensure that a welding spot can bear the tensile force in the vertical direction in the sample loading and stretching processes, easily causes that the tensile strength fluctuation of the welding spot obtained by the same welding process is large, and can not objectively reflect the quality level of the welding spot. In the use process of a traditional stretching clamp, a cross-shaped stretching sample is fixed on the end face of the stretching clamp through a pressing block and a bolt, the clamping end of the clamp is fixed by a clamping head of a stretching machine, and no matter the sample is fixed or the clamping end is connected with stretching equipment, a welding spot cannot be guaranteed to be in the center of the whole set of equipment, and the welding spot cannot be guaranteed to be in the same straight line with the clamping ends on two sides, so that the welding spot cannot completely bear the stress in the vertical direction in the stretching process. The stability of the cross stretch data is greatly affected by the assembly accuracy.
The chinese patent application CN110441134A (clamping tool and detection method for detecting the tensile property of a cross spot welding workpiece) discloses a clamp for stretching a cross spot welding workpiece, which comprises an upper clamp and a lower clamp, wherein the upper clamp comprises a first transverse plate and a first vertical plate; the lower clamp comprises a second transverse plate and a second vertical plate; the cross spot welding workpiece comprises a third transverse plate and a fourth transverse plate, and the third transverse plate and the fourth transverse plate are welded together through welding spots; when the clamp is used, the third transverse plate of the cross spot welding workpiece is firstly fixed on the first transverse plate of the upper clamp, the first vertical plate is connected with the upper fixed end of the tensile testing machine, the second vertical plate is connected with the lower fixed end, the tensile performance of the cross spot welding workpiece can be detected by starting the tensile testing machine, and the clamp can be used in a common tensile testing machine and is beneficial to popularization. Chinese utility model patent CN208313714U (a car is cross solder joint sample tensile anchor clamps for sheet metal) discloses a be used for tensile anchor clamps of car sheet metal cross solder joint sample, including last exposed core, lower exposed core, backup pad, screw and cuff, the backup pad has 2, is respectively through last exposed core and lower exposed core fastening connection, two bar plates of the tensile sample of cross laminate with the backup pad centering respectively, install the cuff respectively at the both ends of backup pad and bar plate, the cuff is 4, divide into 2 groups, can reduce sample preparation step and test time, reduce cost and improve test efficiency.
The cross-shaped welding spot stretching clamp disclosed in the patent has a single connecting mode between the clamping end and the sample, and is difficult to ensure that the welding spot can bear vertical up-and-down pulling force in the stretching process, so that the test result is inaccurate easily, and the welding quality cannot be truly reflected.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem that solve is that cross tensile anchor clamps are carrying out centre gripping and tensile in-process to the sample among the prior art, can not guarantee the pulling force of the vertical direction of solder joint department, lead to the unsafe technical problem of tensile test result.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a clamp for cross stretching of welding spots, which comprises an upper clamp and a lower clamp which are arranged in sequence, wherein the upper clamp comprises a first main body and a second main body which are connected with each other,
the second main body is a Y-shaped body;
one end of the first main body is connected with the stretching equipment, and the other end of the first main body is rotatably connected with the bottom of the Y-shaped body of the second main body;
the other end of the second main body, which is connected with the first main body, extends outwards by taking the rotatable connecting point as a center to form two end faces;
the end face is rectangular;
the end face is provided with a positioning hole;
the lower clamp structure is the same as the upper clamp structure, the lower clamp is positioned below the upper clamp, and the lower clamp and the upper clamp are arranged in a crossed manner;
the lower clamp includes a third body and a fourth body connected to each other;
the first body and the third body have the same structure, and the second body and the fourth body have the same structure;
the connection relation among the third main body, the fourth main body and the stretching device is the same as that among the first main body, the second main body and the stretching device;
the cross tensile sample comprises a first transverse plate and a second transverse plate which are overlapped in a cross shape, and welding spots positioned at the center positions of the first transverse plate and the second transverse plate, the first transverse plate and the second transverse plate are connected together through the welding spots, and through holes are formed in the first transverse plate and the second transverse plate;
the positioning hole on the end surface of the second main body corresponds to the position of the through hole formed in the first transverse plate of the cross tensile sample; the positioning hole on the end surface of the fourth main body corresponds to the position of the through hole formed in the second transverse plate of the cross tensile sample;
during testing, the cross tensile sample is placed between the second main body and the fourth main body, and the cross tensile sample is fixed on the second main body and the fourth main body respectively by penetrating the through hole and the positioning hole through the fastening bolt.
Furthermore, one end of the first main body, which is connected with the second main body, is a U-shaped body provided with a hole; the bottom of the Y-shaped body of the second main body is provided with a hole; the U-shaped body with the hole of the first main body is connected with the bottom of the Y-shaped body of the second main body through a movable bolt and a nut.
Furthermore, the bottom of the Y-shaped body of the second main body is positioned in the middle of the U-shaped body provided with the hole of the first main body, the movable bolt penetrates through the hole of the U-shaped body provided with the hole of the first main body and the hole at the bottom of the Y-shaped body of the second main body, and the movable bolt is fastened by a nut.
Furthermore, one end of the first main body, which is connected with the stretching device, is a cylinder provided with a hole.
Further, the first body is connected with the stretching device through a pin.
Furthermore, a fastening ring is arranged between the hole-provided column body and the hole-provided U-shaped body of the first main body.
Furthermore, the fixture further comprises an upper pressing block and a lower pressing block, wherein the upper pressing block and the lower pressing block are provided with positioning holes, the positioning hole in the upper pressing block corresponds to the positioning hole in the end face of the third main body, and the positioning hole in the lower pressing block corresponds to the positioning hole in the end face of the fourth main body.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a be used for tensile anchor clamps of solder joint cross to have following advantage:
1. the utility model discloses an anchor clamps include anchor clamps and lower anchor clamps, go up the main part of anchor clamps and lower anchor clamps and divide into two parts, and connect through the mode of movable connection between the two parts, at the tensile in-process of cross, can ensure that the solder joint receives the pulling force of vertical direction, obtain more accurate and stable tensile strength data.
2. The utility model discloses an anchor clamps simple structure, easily processing obtains.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the stress of the welding spot in the cross stretching process is shown schematically.
FIG. 2: the utility model discloses tensile anchor clamps of cross's assembly drawing.
FIG. 3: the utility model discloses the explosion picture of cross tensile anchor clamps.
FIG. 4: the utility model discloses the structure chart of first main part.
FIG. 5: the utility model discloses the structure chart of second main part.
FIG. 6: structure of cross tensile test specimen.
Reference numerals: 1-upper clamp, 2-lower clamp, 3-cross tensile sample, 4-upper press block, 5-lower press block, 6-fastening bolt, 11-first body, 12-second body, 13-fastening ring, 14-movable bolt, 15-nut, 111-hole-setting column of first body, 112-hole-setting U-shaped body of first body, 121-rectangular end face of second body, 122-bottom of second body, 21-third body, 22-fourth body, 221-rectangular end face of fourth body, 222-bottom of fourth body, 31-first transverse plate, 32-second transverse plate and 33-welding point.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The terms of orientation such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front" and "back" mentioned in this section are only used to describe the relative position of the components of the product in this specific embodiment, and should not be interpreted as limiting the terms of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, when the fixture of the utility model is used for cross tensile test, the welding spots are pulled open in the vertical direction, and the welding spots bear the tensile force in the vertical direction.
The clamp main body of the utility model is formed by cutting, as shown in figures 2-5. The cross tensile sample to be measured is a standard size sample, the size of a single sample is specifically shown in figure 6, the sample is a 50 x 150 rectangular test piece, through holes with the diameter of 20 are formed in the two sides of the test piece respectively, the thickness of the sample is 0.5mm-5mm, the two test pieces are in cross lap joint, the lap joint part is 50 x 50 square, and the welding point is located at the center of the lap joint.
As shown in fig. 2-5, for the utility model discloses a be used for tensile anchor clamps of solder joint cross, including last anchor clamps 1, lower anchor clamps 2, wherein go up anchor clamps 1 and include interconnect's first main part 11 and second main part 12, the one end of first main part 11 is for establishing hole cylinder 111, the other end is for establishing hole U physique 112, the hole cylinder 111 one end of establishing of first main part 11 passes through pin joint with tensile equipment, establish hole cylinder 111 and establish and be equipped with tighrening ring 13 between hole U physique 112 at first main part 11, when first main part 11 is connected with tensile equipment, accessible tighrening ring 13 is with first main part 11 and tensile equipment fastening connection more.
The second body 12 is a Y-shaped body, a hole is provided at the bottom 122 of the Y-shaped body, and the bottom 122 of the Y-shaped body of the second body is located in the middle of the U-shaped body 112 with the hole provided at the first body, the movable bolt 14 penetrates through the hole of the U-shaped body 112 with the hole provided at the bottom 122 of the Y-shaped body of the first body, and the movable bolt 14 is fastened by the nut 15, so that the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be rotatably connected. The other end of the second body 12 connected with the first body 11 extends outwards by taking the rotatable connection point as a center to form two rectangular end surfaces 121; the rectangular end surface 121 is provided with a positioning hole.
The structure of the lower clamp 2 is the same as that of the upper clamp 1, the lower clamp 2 is positioned below the upper clamp 1, and the lower clamp 2 and the upper clamp 1 are arranged in a crossed manner.
The lower clamp 2 includes a third body 21 and a fourth body 22 connected to each other; the first body 11 is identical in structure to the third body 21, and the second body 12 is identical in structure to the fourth body 22; the connection relationship between the third body 21, the fourth body 22, and the stretching device is the same as the connection relationship between the first body 11, the second body 12, and the stretching device.
As shown in fig. 6, the cross tensile sample 3 to be measured includes a first transverse plate 31 and a second transverse plate 32 which are in cross lap joint, and a welding spot 33 located at the center positions of the first transverse plate 31 and the second transverse plate 32, the first transverse plate 31 and the second transverse plate 32 are connected together through the welding spot 33, through holes are formed in both the first transverse plate 31 and the second transverse plate 32, and as shown in fig. 2-3, the positioning holes in the second body end surface 121 correspond to the through holes formed in the first transverse plate 31 of the cross tensile sample 3; the positioning hole 221 on the end surface of the fourth body corresponds to the position of the through hole provided on the second transverse plate 32 of the cross tensile sample 3.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the fixture further includes two upper pressing blocks 4 and two lower pressing blocks 5, the upper pressing blocks 4 and the lower pressing blocks 5 are provided with positioning holes, the positioning holes on the upper pressing blocks 4 correspond to the positioning holes provided on the fourth body end surface 221, and the positioning holes on the lower pressing blocks 5 correspond to the positioning holes provided on the second body end surface 121.
When the clamp is used for clamping a cross tensile sample 3 to be tested, the cross tensile sample 3 is placed between the second main body 12 and the fourth main body 22, then the lower pressing block 5 is placed on the side, opposite to the second main body end face 121, of the first transverse plate 31 of the cross tensile sample 3, and the fastening bolt 6 penetrates through a positioning hole in the lower pressing block 5, a through hole in the first transverse plate 31 and a positioning hole in the second main body end face 121; meanwhile, the upper pressing block 4 is placed on the side, opposite to the fourth body end face 221, of the second transverse plate 32 of the cross tensile sample 3, the fastening bolt 6 penetrates through the positioning hole in the lower pressing block 5, the through hole in the second transverse plate 32 and the positioning hole in the fourth body end face 221, and the fastening bolt 6 is screwed, namely the cross tensile sample 3 to be measured is clamped on the clamp. The stretching device is started, the welding spot 33 of the cross tensile sample 3 to be tested can be stretched, in the stretching process, the stress direction of the welding spot 33 can be adjusted through the rotatable connection between the upper main body and the lower main body, and the welding spot 33 is guaranteed to be subjected to tensile stress in the vertical direction.
The above-mentioned series of detailed descriptions are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all the changes made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge range of the ordinary skilled person in the art are within the scope of the present invention.