Background
In the chlorination reaction in chemical production, chlorine gas is generally kept in excess to ensure the chlorination reaction to be complete, and the excess chlorine gas after the chlorination reaction is taken as tail gas and must be discharged after being recycled. For example, the process for producing bisphenol a bis (diphenylphosphate) comprises the first step of reacting phosphorus oxychloride with bisphenol a to produce bisphenol a bis (dichlorophosphate), and the second step of reacting bisphenol a bis (dichlorophosphate) with phenol to produce the desired product. The hydrogen chloride gas generated in the two-step synthesis needs to be recovered by a hydrogen chloride gas recovery device and then is discharged at high altitude.
At present, the recovery of hydrogen chloride gas in chlorination reaction adopts a treatment mode of water spraying and absorption. For example, patent CN103318842A discloses a process and an apparatus for recovering hydrogen chloride in gas phase chlorination reaction, which discloses that the chlorination reaction product and the unreacted chlorine gas are depressurized to 0.05-1 MPa, and continuous four-stage deionized water is repeatedly sprayed and absorbed, wherein the hydrogen chloride gas is recovered after generating hydrochloric acid with specific gravity of 1.18g/ml (volume concentration of more than 32%); through the design of multistage hydrochloric acid absorption tank difference of height series connection, when the volume expansion of the spray water absorption gas reaches the overflow port, the spray water absorption gas automatically flows back to the upper stage step by step. For another example, patent CN101810986A discloses a chlorinated paraffin tail gas absorption process and apparatus, which discloses that chlorinated paraffin tail gas firstly enters a first-stage falling film absorber, the first-stage falling film absorber absorbs hydrogen chloride gas and then extracts finished acid to enter a concentrated acid tank, the remaining hydrogen chloride gas enters a second-stage falling film absorber, the second-stage falling film absorber absorbs the hydrogen chloride gas to obtain dilute acid, the extracted dilute acid enters a dilute acid circulation tank, the dilute acid in the dilute acid circulation tank is sent out by a dilute acid circulation pump, a part of the dilute acid enters the second-stage falling film absorber to be circularly absorbed, and a part of the dilute acid enters the first-stage falling film absorber to be absorbed and then enters the concentrated acid tank.
The first patent CN103318842A has the advantages of adopting four-stage continuous absorption, saving time and labor, achieving the hydrogen chloride removal rate of more than 99.8 percent and improving the recovery rate of tail gas. The defects are that a gas purifying device is lacked, and impurities in the hydrochloric acid are excessive; each stage of hydrochloric acid absorption tower is additionally provided with a hydrochloric acid absorption tank and a hydrochloric acid circulating pump, so that the investment and the operating cost are increased. The second patent CN101810986A has the advantages that compared with the traditional process, the method realizes continuous absorption of hydrogen chloride gas and continuous transfer of hydrochloric acid, saves an acid circulating pump and ensures the stability of the concentration of hydrochloric acid; the two-stage falling film absorption tower is used for completely absorbing the hydrogen chloride gas, two hydrochloric acid absorption tanks and a hydrochloric acid circulating pump are added, and the equipment investment and the operation cost are increased; and the device for purifying the gas is lacked, and the impurities in the hydrochloric acid are excessive.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the continuous absorption device for the byproduct hydrogen chloride gas in the chlorination reaction is provided, so that continuous absorption can be realized, water-soluble impurities do not exist in the absorbed hydrochloric acid, and the absorption efficiency is high.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:
the continuous absorption device for byproduct hydrogen chloride gas in chlorination reaction comprises a concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank, a falling film absorption tower, a filler absorption tower and a spray tower;
the gas phase inlet of the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank is communicated with a hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe, and the gas phase outlet of the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank is sequentially communicated with at least two stages of falling film absorption towers;
the gas phase outlet of the last stage of the falling film absorption tower of the at least two stages of falling film absorption towers is communicated with the gas phase inlet at the lower part of the packing absorption tower; a liquid phase outlet at the bottom of the last stage falling film absorption tower is provided with a first return pipe communicated with a liquid phase inlet at the upper part of the last stage falling film absorption tower; a liquid phase outlet at the bottom of the first-stage falling film absorption tower of the at least two-stage falling film absorption tower is communicated with a hydrochloric acid storage tank;
a gas phase outlet at the top of the packing absorption tower is communicated with the spray tower; the bottom of the spray tower is respectively provided with a circulating pipeline communicated with the upper part of the spray tower and a second return pipe communicated with a liquid phase inlet at the upper part of the filler absorption tower;
and the liquid phase inlet at the upper part of the filler absorption tower and the liquid phase inlet at the lower part of the spray tower are respectively communicated with an absorption water pipeline.
As an improved technical scheme, a gas phase inlet of the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank is also communicated with a buffer tank, and the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank is communicated with the hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe through the buffer tank.
As an improved technical scheme, the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank is provided with an external circulation pipeline, and a condenser is arranged on the external circulation pipeline.
As an improved technical scheme, one or more circulating absorption devices are arranged at a gas phase inlet of the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank, and the circulating absorption devices are respectively communicated with the hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe and the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank.
As a further improved technical scheme, the circulating absorption device comprises a Venturi mixing pipe and a circulating pump, the inlet of the Venturi mixing pipe is communicated with the hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe and the outlet of the circulating pump respectively, and the inlet of the circulating pump and the outlet of the Venturi mixing pipe are communicated with the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank respectively.
Preferably, at least three circulating absorption devices are arranged in parallel.
As an improved technical scheme, a gas phase outlet at the top of the spray tower is communicated with a high-altitude exhaust funnel.
As an improved technical scheme, the installation height difference of each two adjacent stages of the at least two stages of the falling film absorption towers is greater than the height of the falling film absorption tower; the installation height of the packed absorption tower is more than the sum of the heights of the at least two stages of falling film absorption towers.
As an improved technical scheme, the hydrochloric acid storage tank is communicated with the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank.
As an improved technical scheme, a flow detection element, a pressure detection element and a temperature detection element are respectively arranged between the hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe and the water absorption pipeline; a flow regulating control valve, a pressure regulating control valve and a temperature regulating control valve are respectively arranged between the hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe and the absorption water pipeline; the flow detection element, the pressure detection element and the temperature detection element, and the flow regulation control valve, the pressure regulation control valve and the temperature regulation control valve are all electrically connected to a controller.
Since the technical scheme is used, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model discloses a continuous absorption device for byproduct hydrogen chloride gas in chlorination reaction, which comprises a concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank, a falling film absorption tower, a filler absorption tower and a spray tower; the gas phase outlet of the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank is sequentially communicated with at least two stages of falling film absorption towers; the gas phase outlet of the last stage falling film absorption tower is communicated with the gas phase inlet at the lower part of the packing absorption tower; a liquid phase outlet at the bottom of the last stage falling film absorption tower is provided with a first return pipe communicated with a liquid phase inlet at the upper part of the last stage falling film absorption tower; a gas phase outlet at the top of the packing absorption tower is communicated with the spray tower; the bottom of the spray tower is respectively provided with a circulating pipeline communicated with the upper part of the spray tower and a second return pipe communicated with a liquid phase inlet at the upper part of the filler absorption tower; and the liquid phase inlet at the upper part of the filler absorption tower and the liquid phase inlet at the lower part of the spray tower are respectively communicated with an absorption water pipeline. In the continuous absorption device of the utility model, hydrogen chloride gas firstly passes through a concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank to remove water-soluble impurities, and the concentrated hydrochloric acid obtained after absorption has no water-soluble impurities; after continuous two-stage falling film absorption, the tail gas is further absorbed by a filler absorption tower, and finally, after water absorption by a spray tower, the hydrogen chloride is completely absorbed after multi-stage continuous absorption, and the tail gas can reach the standard and be discharged at high altitude. After the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the spray liquid at the bottom of the spray tower reaches 5%, the hydrochloric acid enters the filler absorption tower through the second return pipe to carry out countercurrent continuous absorption, so that water is saved, and the amount of wastewater is reduced.
The utility model discloses a concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank is provided with the extrinsic cycle pipeline, be provided with the condenser on the extrinsic cycle pipeline, the heat that emits when washing hydrogen chloride gas is through external condenser cooling, improves the washing effect.
The utility model discloses the gaseous phase import that the jar was washed to strong hydrochloric acid is provided with one or more circulation absorbing device, and hydrogen chloride gas and strong hydrochloric acid get into the strong hydrochloric acid after carrying out the intensive mixing in the venturi hybrid tube and wash the jar, have improved mixed washing effect.
The installation height difference of every two adjacent stages of falling film absorption towers is greater than the height of the falling film absorption towers; the installation height of the filler absorption tower is greater than the sum of the heights of the at least two stages of falling film absorption towers, and the design of height difference is utilized, so that not only is continuous absorption realized, but also the equipment cost and the operation cost of a circulating pump and the like are greatly saved.
The utility model is provided with a flow detection element, a pressure detection element and a temperature detection element between the hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe and the water absorbing pipe; a flow regulating control valve, a pressure regulating control valve and a temperature regulating control valve are respectively arranged between the hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe and the absorption water pipeline; the flow detection element, the pressure detection element and the temperature detection element, and the flow regulation control valve, the pressure regulation control valve and the temperature regulation control valve are all electrically connected to a controller. The spray amount of the absorbed water can be controlled according to the flow of the hydrogen chloride gas and the reaction proportion, the wastewater amount is reduced, the concentration of the absorbed hydrochloric acid is controlled, and the absorbed water and the hydrochloric acid can be recycled conveniently.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the continuous absorption device for byproduct hydrogen chloride gas in chlorination reaction comprises a buffer tank 1, a concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank 2, a falling film absorption tower 3, a filler absorption tower 4 and a spray tower 5; a gas phase inlet of the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank 2 is communicated with a hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe 6 through the buffer tank 1, and a gas phase outlet of the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank 2 is sequentially communicated with a two-stage falling film absorption tower 3; a gas phase outlet of the last stage falling film absorption tower 3 is communicated with a gas phase inlet at the lower part of the packing absorption tower 4; a liquid phase outlet at the bottom of the last stage falling film absorption tower 3 is provided with a first return pipe 31 communicated with a liquid phase inlet at the upper part of the last stage falling film absorption tower 3; a liquid phase outlet at the bottom of the first-stage falling film absorption tower 3 of the two-stage falling film absorption tower 3 is communicated with a hydrochloric acid storage tank 7; a gas phase outlet at the top of the packing absorption tower 4 is communicated with the spray tower 5; the bottom of the spray tower 5 is respectively provided with a circulating pipeline 51 communicated with the upper part of the spray tower 5 and a second return pipe 52 communicated with a liquid phase inlet at the upper part of the packing absorption tower 4; the circulation line 51 is provided with a return pump 53. A liquid phase inlet at the upper part of the packing absorption tower 4 and a liquid phase inlet at the lower part of the spray tower 5 are respectively communicated with an absorption water pipeline 8; and the absorption water pipeline 8 is provided with a U-shaped bent pipe 81 at the inlet of the filler absorption tower 4 to prevent gas from flowing backwards. The concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank 2 is provided with an external circulation pipeline 21, and a condenser 22 and a cooling circulation pump 25 are arranged on the external circulation pipeline 21. The gas phase inlet of the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank 2 is provided with 3 circulating absorption devices; circulating absorption device includes venturi mixing tube 23 and circulating pump 24, the import of venturi mixing tube 23 communicates respectively hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe 6 with circulating pump 24's export, circulating pump 24's import with the export of venturi mixing tube 23 communicates respectively concentrated hydrochloric acid scrubbing tank 2. And a gas phase outlet at the top of the spray tower 5 is communicated with a high-altitude exhaust funnel 10 through a fan 9. A flow detection element 61, a pressure detection element 62 and a temperature detection element 63 are respectively arranged between the hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe 6 and the absorption water pipeline 8; a flow regulating control valve 64, a pressure regulating control valve 65 and a temperature regulating control valve 66 are respectively arranged between the hydrogen chloride gas collecting pipe 6 and the absorption water pipeline 8; the flow rate detecting element 61, the pressure detecting element 62, the temperature detecting element 63, and the flow rate adjusting control valve 64, the pressure adjusting control valve 65, and the temperature adjusting control valve 66 are electrically connected to the controller.
In a preferred embodiment, at least three of the circulating absorption devices are arranged in parallel.
In a preferred embodiment, the falling film absorption tower is provided with two stages, and the installation height difference of the two stages of falling film absorption towers is greater than the height of the falling film absorption towers; the installation height of the packing absorption tower is greater than the sum of the heights of the two stages of falling film absorption towers. The hydrochloric acid storage tank is communicated with the concentrated hydrochloric acid washing tank.