CN211237480U

CN211237480U - Aperture formation of image science popularization presentation device with adjustable diaphragm

Info

Publication number: CN211237480U
Application number: CN201922055695.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王英鸿; 王爽; 刘航; 张影
Original assignee: CHANGCHUN CHINA OPTICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MUSEUM
Current assignee: CHANGCHUN CHINA OPTICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MUSEUM
Priority date: 2019-11-26
Filing date: 2019-11-26
Publication date: 2020-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a aperture formation of image science popularization presentation device with adjustable diaphragm. The utility model provides an aperture formation of image science popularization presentation device with adjustable diaphragm, includes base, light source box, formation of image case, diaphragm regulator, diaphragm, shift knob. When the light source is on, light passes through the graph, and after passing through the diaphragm, an inverted amplified real image is formed on an imaging surface of the imaging box, the size of the clear aperture of the diaphragm is adjusted, the public can clearly view the brightness and the change of the resolution of the graph, when the clear aperture is adjusted to the maximum, the diameter of the clear aperture is 12mm, the graph is darkest, the resolution is lowest, when the clear aperture is adjusted to the minimum, the diameter of the clear aperture is 1mm, the graph is brightest, the resolution is highest, the diaphragm adjusting rod is rotated once, the clear aperture is increased or reduced by 1mm, audiences can directly calculate a specific numerical value after adjustment every time, the numerical value is an integer between 1mm and 12mm, and the audiences can know the scientific phenomenon of the influence of the size of the aperture in the small-hole imaging on the imaging effect by combining the specific.

Description

Aperture formation of image science popularization presentation device with adjustable diaphragm

Technical Field

The invention relates to a small-hole imaging science popularization demonstration device with an adjustable diaphragm, which is used for showing optical exhibits in a science and technology museum and belongs to the field of optical science popularization education.

Background

The first experiment of reverse imaging of small holes in the world was conducted by a scholars in China, the ink Zhai (ink) and students, about two thousand, four and five hundred years ago. This was recorded in the ink classic.

When the scene arrives, the scene is the ending in the noon and the scene is the long scene. Said at the end.

And (5) landscape. The lower part of the body is high when the body emits light; the higher people also descend. Enough shade the lower light, so the scene is on the upper part; the light is first shielded, so that the scene is in the lower part. The light is emitted from the far end and the near end, so that the interior of the scenic chamber is also provided.

The meaning of "fall from ancient to ancient means" i.e. inverted. "noon" means that the two rays intersect at the center. The end has the meanings of ultimate and micro-point in ancient Chinese. "Ends at noon" refers to the intersection of light rays, i.e., a pinhole. The reverse image of the projection of the object occurs because the light rays are propagated in straight lines, and at the position of the pinhole, the light beams emitted from different directions intersect with each other to form the reverse image. "and" refers to the relationship of the location of the pinhole to the projection size. "the light-emitting person emits a warm body" is a visual metaphor. "warming" means irradiation, light which irradiates the human body, just like archery. "lower person is high; the "light irradiated on the upper part of the person is imaged on the lower part; and the light rays irradiated on the lower part of the person are imaged on the upper part. Thus, the standing person is imaged through the pinhole and the projection becomes inverted. "library" refers to the interior of a cassette. "far and near ends, with light", indicates the relationship between the size of the light and image reflected by the object and the distance of the pinhole. The farther the object distance, the smaller the image; the closer the object distance, the larger the image.

The ink classic described pinhole imaging two thousand years ago, in complete agreement with what photographic optics said.

Geometrical optics holds that in an isotropic homogeneous medium, light is propagating along a straight line. This is the straight-line propagation law of light. The formation of shadows, solar erosion and lunar erosion all well demonstrate this law. The term "pinhole imaging" is a good example of the use of this law, on which many precision measurements, such as precision astronomical measurements, geodetic measurements, optical measurements and corresponding optical instruments, are based.

This law is limiting. When light passes through a small hole or slit of a size close to or smaller than the wavelength, a "diffraction" phenomenon occurs and the light no longer travels in a straight direction. When light propagates in a non-uniform medium, the path of light propagation is a curve and is not a straight line any more.

When a plate with small holes is used for shielding between a screen and an object, an inverted image of the object is formed on the screen, and the phenomenon is called small hole imaging. This phenomenon reflects the nature of light propagating along a straight line. The size of the aperture dictates how bright and dark the image is. The image is brighter when the small holes are larger, and the image is clearer when the small holes are smaller.

In an optical system, one optical component is an aperture stop that limits a light beam by using an inner hole of a metal frame. An aperture stop, also known as an effective stop, limits the aperture size of the incident beam, the size and position of which has an effect on the resolution, brightness and depth of field of the lens imaged. The aperture diaphragm becomes smaller, the brightness and resolution become lower, the depth of field becomes larger, and the image size does not change.

Pinhole imaging is very important in optical research, and not only occupies an important position in teaching experiments, but also is a necessary knowledge point of most science museums, but the popular science demonstration devices of the prior art museums only have two exhibition forms. One is a static physical model display, which allows the viewer to view directly on the imaging plate, and the model forms an image after passing through the aperture, which only allows a simple, single, static image to be viewed. The other is a small-hole imaging physical experiment device composed of optical experiment devices, and a viewer can observe the imaging condition on the imaging plate by adjusting the position of an object on an optical guide rail. The exhibition form of the two science popularization demonstration devices is only explained aiming at the simple principle of pinhole imaging and the influence of the object distance on the image, the coverage range is incomplete, the light is simply pointed out to be imaged through a pinhole, the change of the diameter of the pinhole is not converted into a mode of physical interaction operation, the specific numerical value of the aperture change cannot be directly known, more is the experience effect of audiences, the experience brought to the audiences by the physical experiment demonstration device is not good, many teenagers have been exposed to the physical experiment in schools and then come to a science and technology museum to watch, the interest is not enough, and the learning interest and the comprehensive mastering degree of the scientific knowledge of the teenagers can be influenced. Some science popularization demonstration devices in science and technology museums are large, heavy and not easy to move, and if the science popularization is carried out in activities such as campuses, the exhibit is limited in size. Still a few science and technology museums only introduce the relevant principle of pinhole imaging to the public in the form of characters and pictures.

The prior science popularization demonstration device has incomplete scientific principle coverage, and is dull, hard and unattractive in the explanation mode of characters and pictures, thus being not beneficial to the public to understand and master the influence factors of the size of the hole on the imaging effect in the small hole imaging principle. At present, a small-hole imaging science popularization demonstration device with an adjustable diaphragm, which is interesting, interactive, movable and scientific, is urgently needed, is suitable for being used in science and technology museums or movable science popularization caravans, and is used for popularizing the influence factors of the size of the hole on the imaging effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the problem that a special small-hole imaging science popularization demonstration device with an adjustable diaphragm is lacked in the prior art, provides a scientific phenomenon for knowing how the size of a hole influences the imaging effect in a small-hole imaging principle, and provides a small-hole imaging science popularization demonstration device with an adjustable diaphragm, which is interesting, interactive, scientific, convenient to use, convenient to move and low in cost, for a science museum, a science popularization center or a movable science popularization caravan.

The technical scheme is as follows: a small-hole imaging science popularization demonstration device with an adjustable diaphragm comprises a base, a light source box, an imaging box, a diaphragm adjuster, a diaphragm and a switch button; the surface of the light source box is provided with a light-transmitting hole pattern, and the inside of the light source box is provided with an LED lamp strip which is arranged on the right side of the base and is fixed with the base; the height of the imaging box is consistent with the height and width of the light source box, a rectangular observation port is arranged on the left side of the front surface, a first circular hole is arranged on the right side, the inner wall of the left side is an imaging surface, white paint is coated on the surface of the imaging surface, the imaging box is arranged on the left side of the base, and the first circular hole surface on the right side of the imaging box is opposite to the light-transmitting pattern hole surface of the light source box and is fixed with the base; the diaphragm adjuster comprises a second circular hole, a diaphragm adjusting rod, a wavy groove, a limiter, a rectangular notch, an upper limiting baffle and a lower limiting baffle, and is arranged on the right side of the imaging box, and the first circular hole and the second circular hole share the same axis and are fixed with the imaging box; the diaphragm is arranged on the diaphragm adjuster, the outer ring is nested on the inner wall of the second circular hole, and the outer ring and the diaphragm adjuster are fixed; the switch button is connected with the LED lamp strip wire inside the light source box and is arranged in front of the base;

furthermore, the light-transmitting hole pattern on the surface of the light source box is in a left-right symmetrical and up-down asymmetrical structure; LED lamp strips in the light source box are arranged in parallel, fixed on the rear side in the light source box and fixed with the light source box.

Furthermore, the diameter of the second circular hole is equal to that of the first circular hole, the diaphragm adjusting rod is installed on the second circular hole of the diaphragm adjuster and can rotate around the central shaft of the second circular hole, a rectangular notch is formed in the diaphragm adjusting rod, a wavy groove is formed in the outer portion of the diaphragm adjusting rod, the middle of the limiting stopper is in a triangular bulge shape, the diaphragm adjuster is installed on the diaphragm adjuster and fixed with the diaphragm adjuster, the triangular bulge is located in the wavy groove, and the diameter of the diaphragm adjusting rod, which can limit the change of the clear aperture every time the diaphragm adjusting rod rotates, is 1 mm; the upper limiting baffle is arranged at the upper side in the diaphragm regulator and is fixed with the diaphragm regulator to limit the maximum position of the upper end of the diaphragm regulating rod in rotation, and the lower limiting baffle is arranged at the lower side in the diaphragm regulator and is fixed with the diaphragm regulator to limit the maximum position of the lower end of the diaphragm regulating rod in rotation, so that the adjusting range of the clear aperture is between the maximum clear aperture and the minimum clear aperture of the diaphragm;

further, the diaphragm comprises a maximum clear aperture, a minimum clear aperture, a handle and an outer ring; the diameter of the maximum clear aperture is 12mm, the diameter of the minimum clear aperture is 1mm, and the handle is arranged in the rectangular notch of the diaphragm adjusting rod, is fixed with the rectangular notch and can synchronously rotate along with the handle, so that the clear aperture is enlarged or reduced; the outer ring and the second circular hole are coaxial.

Has the advantages that: the utility model provides a aperture formation of image science popularization presentation device with adjustable diaphragm, the light source shines self-defined printing opacity figure, sees through the aperture again after, forms the image of handstand in the imaging box, utilizes the diaphragm regulator, adjusts the size of clear aperture in the aperture formation of image, and in the adjustment process, spectator can see, if clear aperture is big more, then the formation of image is more fuzzy, and clear aperture is little less, then the formation of image is more clear. The science popularization demonstration device enables the public to know how the size of the hole influences the imaging effect in the pinhole imaging principle, and breaks through the singleness and the uninteresting property of the traditional pinhole imaging science popularization demonstration device. The utility model provides a aperture formation of image science popularization presentation device low cost with adjustable diaphragm, small in size is convenient for remove, uses in being applicable to science and technology museum and the science popularization caravan. The small-hole imaging science popularization demonstration device with the adjustable diaphragm increases interactivity and interestingness, and is beneficial to public to understand the influence of the size of a hole on the imaging effect in the small-hole imaging principle.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic effect diagram of an aperture imaging science popularization demonstration device with an adjustable diaphragm.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front effect of the light source box.

FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a light box.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an imaging chamber.

FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a diaphragm actuator.

FIG. 6 is a view of the diaphragm structure.

Wherein, 1, a base; 2. a light source box; 3. an imaging box; 4. a diaphragm adjuster; 5. a diaphragm; 6. a switch button; 21. a pattern of light-transmitting apertures. 22. An LED strip. 31. A first circular hole; 32. a rectangular observation hole; 33. an image plane. 41. A second circular hole; 42. a diaphragm adjusting rod; 43. a wave-shaped groove; 44. a stopper; 45. a rectangular notch; 46. an upper limiting baffle plate; 47. a lower limiting baffle plate. 51. A maximum clear aperture; 52. a minimum clear aperture; 53. a handle; 54. and (4) an outer ring.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail an embodiment of an aperture imaging science popularization demonstration apparatus with an adjustable diaphragm according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention discloses a small-hole imaging science popularization demonstration device with an adjustable diaphragm, which comprises a base 1, a light source box 2, an imaging box 3, a diaphragm regulator 4, a diaphragm 5 and a switch button 6.

As shown in fig. 1, among others.

1 is a base made of metal.

And 2, the light source box is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics.

And 3, an imaging box which is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics.

4 is a diaphragm regulator made of acrylic.

And 5, a diaphragm made of plastics.

And 6, a switch button, wherein the wire is wrapped by a protective film and is mechanically controlled by metal stainless steel to be provided with an annular LED indicator lamp 220V switch.

The light source box 2 is arranged on the right side of the base 1 and is fixed with the base 1; the imaging box 3 is arranged on the left side of the base 1 and is fixed with the base 1; the diaphragm regulator 4 is arranged on the right side of the imaging box 3 and is fixed with the imaging box 3; the diaphragm 5 is arranged on the diaphragm regulator 4 and is fixed with the diaphragm regulator 4; a switch button 6 installed in front of the base 1;

as shown in fig. 2, the surface of the light source box 2 has a light-transmitting hole pattern 21, which is a left-right symmetrical and up-down asymmetrical structure.

As shown in fig. 3, the LED strips 22 inside the light box 2 are arranged in parallel and installed inside the light box behind the light transmission pattern holes.

As shown in FIG. 4, the left side of the front of the imaging box 3 has a rectangular viewing port 32, the right side has a first circular hole 31, the inner wall of the left side is an imaging surface 33, the surface of the imaging surface is painted with white paint, and the imaging surface is installed on the left side of the base 1 and is fixed with the base 1.

As shown in fig. 5, the diaphragm adjuster 4 includes a second circular hole 41, a diaphragm adjusting rod 42, a wavy groove 43, a stopper 44, a rectangular notch 45, an upper limiting baffle 46, and a lower limiting baffle 47, the diaphragm adjusting rod 42 is mounted on the second circular hole 41 of the diaphragm adjuster 4 and can rotate around the central axis of the second circular hole 41, the rectangular notch 45 is arranged inside the diaphragm adjusting rod 42, the wavy groove 43 is arranged outside the diaphragm adjusting rod 42, the middle of the stopper 44 is in the shape of a triangular protrusion, the diaphragm adjuster 4 is mounted and fixed with the diaphragm adjuster 4, the triangular protrusion is located in the wavy groove 43, and the diameter of the diaphragm adjusting rod 42 which can be limited to change the clear aperture once rotating is 1 mm; the upper limiting baffle 46 is mounted on the upper side inside the diaphragm adjuster 4 and is fixed with the diaphragm adjuster 4 to limit the maximum position of the upper end of the rotation of the diaphragm adjusting rod 42, and the lower limiting baffle 47 is mounted on the lower side inside the diaphragm adjuster 4 and is fixed with the diaphragm adjuster 4 to limit the maximum position of the lower end of the rotation of the diaphragm adjusting rod 42.

As shown in fig. 6, the diaphragm 5 includes a maximum clear aperture 51, a minimum clear aperture 52, a handle 53, and an outer ring 54; the diameter of the maximum clear aperture 51 is 12mm, the diameter of the minimum clear aperture 52 is 1mm, the handle 53 is arranged in the rectangular notch 45 of the diaphragm adjusting rod 42, is fixed with the rectangular notch 45 and can synchronously rotate along with the handle 53, so that the clear aperture is enlarged or reduced; the outer ring 54 is coaxial with the second circular hole 41.

A specific embodiment is described.

The invention relates to a small-hole imaging popular science demonstration device with an adjustable diaphragm, wherein when the public presses a switch button, an LED lamp strip in a light source box is lightened, light passes through a light-transmitting hole pattern and then passes through the diaphragm to form an inverted amplified real image on an imaging surface of an imaging box, a diaphragm adjusting rod of a diaphragm adjuster is slid up and down to adjust the size of the light-transmitting aperture of the diaphragm, the public can clearly see that the brightness and the resolution of the pattern change along with the continuous change of the size of the light-transmitting aperture, when the light-transmitting aperture is adjusted to be maximum, the diameter of the light-transmitting hole is 12mm, the pattern is darkest, the resolution is lowest, the imaging is most fuzzy, when the light-transmitting aperture is adjusted to be minimum, the diameter of the light-transmitting hole is 1mm, the pattern is brightest, the resolution is highest, the imaging is clearest, when the audience rotates the diaphragm adjusting rod once, the light-transmitting aperture is increased or reduced, the numerical value is changed from 1mm to 12mm and is an integer, and a viewer can know how the size of a hole in pinhole imaging influences the scientific phenomenon of the imaging effect in the pinhole imaging principle by combining the specific numerical value and the phenomenon.

Claims

1. An aperture imaging science popularization demonstration device with an adjustable diaphragm is characterized in that the aperture imaging science popularization demonstration device with the adjustable diaphragm comprises a base, a light source box, an imaging box, a diaphragm adjuster, a diaphragm and a switch button; the surface of the light source box is provided with a light-transmitting hole pattern, and the inside of the light source box is provided with an LED lamp strip which is arranged on the right side of the base and is fixed with the base; the height of the imaging box is consistent with the height and width of the light source box, a rectangular observation port is arranged on the left side of the front surface, a first circular hole is arranged on the right side, the inner wall of the left side is an imaging surface, white paint is coated on the surface of the imaging surface, the imaging box is arranged on the left side of the base, and the first circular hole surface on the right side of the imaging box is opposite to the light-transmitting pattern hole surface of the light source box and is fixed with the base; the diaphragm adjuster comprises a second circular hole, a diaphragm adjusting rod, a wavy groove, a limiter, a rectangular notch, an upper limiting baffle and a lower limiting baffle, and is arranged on the right side of the imaging box, and the first circular hole and the second circular hole share the same axis and are fixed with the imaging box; the diaphragm is arranged on the diaphragm adjuster, the outer ring is nested on the inner wall of the second circular hole, and the outer ring and the diaphragm adjuster are fixed; the switch button is connected with the LED lamp strip inside the light source box through a wire and is arranged in front of the base.

2. The small-hole imaging science popularization demonstration device with the adjustable diaphragm as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting hole pattern on the surface of the light source box is in a left-right symmetrical and up-down asymmetrical structure; LED lamp strips in the light source box are arranged in parallel, fixed on the rear side in the light source box and fixed with the light source box.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second circular hole has a diameter equal to that of the first circular hole, the aperture adjustment lever is mounted on the second circular hole of the aperture adjuster and rotatable around a central axis of the second circular hole, the aperture adjustment lever has a rectangular notch therein and a wavy recess therein, the stopper has a triangular protrusion in the middle, the aperture adjuster is mounted on the aperture adjuster and fixed to the aperture adjuster, and the triangular protrusion is located in the wavy recess to restrict a change in clear aperture diameter of the aperture adjustment lever per rotation to 1 mm; the upper limiting baffle is installed on the upper side inside the diaphragm regulator and is fixed with the diaphragm regulator, the maximum position of the upper end of the diaphragm regulating rod is limited, the lower limiting baffle is installed on the lower side inside the diaphragm regulator and is fixed with the diaphragm regulator, the maximum position of the lower end of the diaphragm regulating rod is limited, and the light-transmitting aperture regulating range is enabled to be between the maximum light-transmitting aperture and the minimum light-transmitting aperture of the diaphragm.

4. The small-aperture imaging science popularization demonstration device with the adjustable diaphragm as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diaphragm comprises a maximum clear aperture, a minimum clear aperture, a handle, an outer ring; the diameter of the maximum clear aperture is 12mm, the diameter of the minimum clear aperture is 1mm, and the handle is arranged in the rectangular notch of the diaphragm adjusting rod, is fixed with the rectangular notch and can synchronously rotate along with the handle, so that the clear aperture is enlarged or reduced; the outer ring and the second circular hole are coaxial.