CN211206643U - Arrester on-line monitoring device based on communication of internet of things - Google Patents
Arrester on-line monitoring device based on communication of internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN211206643U CN211206643U CN201820675446.8U CN201820675446U CN211206643U CN 211206643 U CN211206643 U CN 211206643U CN 201820675446 U CN201820675446 U CN 201820675446U CN 211206643 U CN211206643 U CN 211206643U
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Abstract
An online monitoring device of an arrester based on communication of the Internet of things takes a CPU module as a core, the input end of the CPU module is connected with a sampling module, an ambient temperature detection module and a power supply module, the sampling module is connected with a current transformer and a voltage transformer of the arrester, the ambient temperature detection module is connected with a temperature sensor of the arrester, and the power supply module is connected with a mains supply; the output end of the CPU module is connected with a liquid crystal display module, and the liquid crystal display module is connected with a liquid crystal display; the CPU module is also connected with a communication module and is communicated with the communication module, and the communication module is in wireless communication with a system master station of the intelligent substation. The utility model discloses can discover and the troubleshooting arrester early, avoid the explosion accident, can reveal electric current and reaction arrester resistive current component and action number of times to the arrester and carry out the data teletransmission, avoid artifical record, the numerous and diverse of checking meter, improve fortune dimension personnel's work efficiency greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an intelligent substation among the electric power system, concretely relates to arrester on-line monitoring device based on thing communication of networking.
Background
The technology of the Internet of things is an important component of external information perception of the smart grid, and has a wide application prospect in the power system. The intelligent substation is used as a technical core and equipment extension of an intelligent power grid, so that various key technologies of the Internet of things are specifically applied.
The metal oxide arrester is a common device for an intelligent power station, and is used for ensuring normal operation of a power system without damage. The main principle of such arresters (also called MOAs) is the non-linear regulation by means of atmospheric or internal overvoltages applied to the equipment, thus ensuring that the voltage applied to the equipment to be protected is within the normal range. However, in actual operation, such an arrester may be damaged by overvoltage, causing relatively large current leakage. After the electric leakage occurs, extra power loss can be caused, the MOA is seriously damaged, and even more serious accidents can occur, so that the personal and property safety is harmed. Therefore, in the power industry, great attention is paid to the regular maintenance of the lightning arrester and the detection of the electric leakage condition of the lightning arrester. Therefore, normal work of the MOA can be guaranteed, and safe operation of a power system is guaranteed.
The lightning arrester is an important electrical device for protecting power equipment from overvoltage in a power grid, and the operational reliability of the lightning arrester directly influences the safety of a power system. The metal oxide lightning arrester is widely applied to the transformer substation due to the advantages of no gap, no follow current, large flow capacity and the like. Leakage current flows through the lightning arrester under the action of operating voltage, the temperature of the resistor disc can be increased by generated heat, and the resistor disc of the lightning arrester can be aged by long-term operation under the condition. And because the influence of environmental condition, the resistance piece of arrester can wet and deteriorate, makes the leakage current increase during normal work, once the overvoltage appears in the system, the arrester probably thermal breakdown, even explodes, and the arrester loses effect thereupon. Therefore, the operation state of the lightning arrester needs to be monitored continuously on line to ensure the safe operation of the lightning arrester.
The traditional lightning arrester monitoring modes are divided into two modes, one mode is to perform power failure test inspection at regular intervals, the method needs power failure, the added test voltage is too low, the test period is long, equipment needs to be manually carried to perform on-site inspection, the operation is complicated, and the insulation condition of the lightning arrester cannot be reflected in real time; the second is a detection mode without power failure, and data such as leakage current and the like are recorded by connecting a measuring instrument to the ground of the lightning arrester, so that the method does not consider factors such as eliminating interphase interference and the like, can not accurately select reference phases and voltages, and has the defects of long test period, failure finding and the like. Therefore, the traditional monitoring mode is complex in engineering, consumes manpower and material resources, cannot accurately reflect the condition of the lightning arrester in time, and cannot meet the development requirement of the current intelligent substation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is: the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists is solved, and an arrester on-line monitoring device based on internet of things communication is provided, can guarantee the safe operation early warning of transformer substation's arrester on the one hand, discover and get rid of trouble arrester as soon as possible, avoid taking place arrester explosion accident, on the other hand, can reveal electric current and reaction arrester resistive current component and action number of times to the arrester and carry out data teletransmission, avoid artifical record, the numerous and diverse of checking meter, improve fortune dimension personnel's work efficiency greatly.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
an online monitoring device of an arrester based on communication of the Internet of things takes a CPU module as a core, the input end of the CPU module is connected with a sampling module, an ambient temperature detection module and a power supply module, the sampling module is connected with a current transformer and a voltage transformer of the arrester, the ambient temperature detection module is connected with a temperature sensor of the arrester, and the power supply module is connected with a mains supply; the output end of the CPU module is connected with a liquid crystal display module, and the liquid crystal display module is connected with a liquid crystal display; the CPU module is also connected with a communication module and is communicated with the communication module, and the communication module is in wireless communication with a system master station of the intelligent substation.
In the technical scheme, the sampling module comprises a current transformer and a voltage transformer of the lightning arrester, an active second-order filter circuit and an ADC (analog to digital converter), the ADC is a converter for converting analog quantity into digital quantity, the ADC adopts a hardware phase-locked loop technology to carry out frequency following acquisition, and each power frequency cycle is designed into a 128 sampling point for analyzing and measuring third harmonic component of leakage current.
The lightning arrester online monitoring method based on the communication of the Internet of things comprises the following steps:
the first step, measuring the total leakage current from the lower end connection midpoint of the three-phase lightning arrester to the ground: the method comprises the steps that the upper ends of three-phase arresters are respectively connected with three-phase power grid buses, the lower ends of the three-phase arresters are connected together to form a connection midpoint, the connection midpoint is connected to the ground, total leakage current from the connection midpoint to the ground is collected through a current transformer, when the insulation performance of the three-phase arresters is normal, the sum of third harmonics of the three-phase leakage current is very small, when a certain phase of arrester breaks down, the phase amplitude of fundamental wave components of each phase of leakage current changes, so that each component cannot be mutually offset, the total leakage current value is greatly improved, and the total leakage current added value is used as the characteristic quantity of arrester fault diagnosis;
and secondly, taking the resistive current fundamental component of the total leakage current as the characteristic quantity reflecting the deterioration process of the arrester: when the lightning arrester operates, the internal valve plate is aged, moistened and the surface of the lightning arrester is polluted, the total leakage current is not greatly changed, but the resistive current accounting for 10-20% of the total leakage current is greatly increased, so that the resistive current can sensitively reflect the deterioration process of the lightning arrester; the resistor of the zinc oxide valve plate of the lightning arrester has nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics, and the flowing resistive current contains fundamental wave, third harmonic, fifth harmonic and higher harmonic, wherein the fundamental component of the resistive current is not interfered by the high harmonic of the power grid, and can reflect the deterioration process of the lightning arrester; the lightning arrester is in a low-current area for a long time, the high-frequency component flowing through the valve plate is extremely small, the valve plate of the lightning arrester can be approximately regarded as a circuit with a nonlinear resistor and a capacitor connected in parallel, and the total leakage current flowing through the valve plate mainly comprises resistive current and capacitive current;
thirdly, collecting the bus voltage through a voltage transformer;
carrying out discrete digitization on the collected total leakage current of the lightning arrester and the bus voltage, obtaining fundamental wave values of the total leakage current and the bus voltage and phases and amplitudes of various subharmonics in a frequency domain through Fourier transform, and separating a real-time total resistive current value, a resistive current fundamental wave value and various subharmonic values of the resistive current from the real-time total leakage current;
fifthly, longitudinally comparing the total resistive current value, the resistive current fundamental wave value and each harmonic value of the resistive current separated from the real-time total leakage current with the conventional total resistive current value, the resistive current fundamental wave value and each harmonic value of the resistive current of the lightning arrester, and determining that the lightning arrester is polluted or the interior of the lightning arrester is affected by damp if the percentage of the resistive current in the total leakage current is obviously increased, wherein the fundamental wave is increased by a larger amplitude than a first measured value, and the harmonic wave is not obviously increased than the first measured value; if the percentage of the resistive current in the total leakage current is obviously increased, wherein the harmonic waves are increased by a larger extent than the first measured value, and the fundamental waves are not obviously increased than the first measured value, the aging of the lightning arrester can be determined.
In the above technical solution, the discrete digitization of the collected lightning arrester total leakage current and the collected bus voltage means that discrete signals of the lightning arrester total leakage current and the bus voltage are digitized, so that a function value of the discrete signals is only a finite value.
In the above technical scheme, the total leakage current and the bus voltage of the arrester to be collected are subjected to discrete digitization, and through fourier transform and operation, the fundamental wave values of the total leakage current and the bus voltage and the phases and amplitudes of the harmonics are obtained in the frequency domain, specifically:
the power grid voltage and the total leakage current both meet the Dirichlet condition, and the bus voltage is subjected to Fourier expansion to obtain:
in the formula of U0Is a DC voltage value, UkmFor the amplitude of the k harmonic, m represents the maximum value, αkThe phase angle of k harmonics of the bus voltage, ω is the angular frequency, t is the initial time, k is the harmonic component, and k is 1,2,3 … ….
The total leakage current is Fourier-expanded to obtain:
in the formula I0Is the DC component of the total leakage current, IkmAmplitude of the k harmonic of the total leakage current, βkIs the k harmonic phase angle of the total leakage current.
In a small current region, the capacitance is almost constant, and the capacitive component of the total leakage current can be obtained from (5-1) as follows:
in the above equation, the k-th harmonic amplitude of the capacitive component of the total leakage current is: i isckm＝kωCUkm。
Since the bus voltage and the resistive component of the leakage current are in phase, the harmonics are also in phase, if IrkThe resistive current amplitude of the k harmonic is as follows:
and because of ix＝ir+icSubstituting (5-2), (5-3) and (5-4) into the formula:
multiplying both sides of equation (5-5) simultaneouslyIn sin (n ω t + α)n) And taking a fixed integral over a certain period of time, having:
according to the orthogonal characteristic of the product of the trigonometric functions in one period:
for equation (5-6), the constant integral of the corresponding term is not equal to 0 only when k ═ n, which can be simplified as:
and (5-9) simplifying by using the integration sum difference formula of the trigonometric functions:
the orthogonal property of the trigonometric function is utilized to obtain:
obtaining:
obtaining:
therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
Irk＝Ikmcos(βk-αk)＝Ikm[cosαkcosβk+sinαksinβk](5-13)
similarly, multiplying both sides of (5-5) by cos (n ω t + α)n) And taking a fixed integral in the same period, wherein the fixed integral has a non-zero term only when k is equal to n according to the orthogonal characteristic of the trigonometric function. The simplified capacitive current has the following harmonic quantities:
Ick＝Ikmsin(βk-αk)＝Ikm[cosαkcosβk-sinαksinβk](5-14)
the method is used for separating a total resistive current value, a resistive current fundamental wave value and each harmonic value of the resistive current from the total leakage current.
The total leakage current is divided into a capacitive current value and a resistive current value, so that the capacitive current value and the resistive current value are separated from the total leakage current value, the bus voltage is collected for calculating to obtain the capacitive component of the total leakage current, a formula (5-3) is obtained by converting the formula (5-1), and the final result is represented as α in the formula (5-14)kIs the k harmonic phase angle of the bus voltage.
In the technical scheme, when the filth and internal damp faults are alarmed, setting values of 0-99 of the resistive current ratio, the fundamental wave increasing amplitude and the harmonic wave increasing amplitude can be set online; when the lightning arrester ages and gives an alarm, setting values of 0-99 of the resistive current ratio, the fundamental wave increasing amplitude and the harmonic wave increasing amplitude can be set online.
The utility model discloses an arrester on-line monitoring device based on internet of things communication transmits the data remote transmission who gathers for the main website through internet of things communication, if the arrester breaks down, the host computer can send malfunction alerting signal, is responsible for the monitoring personnel to inform the maintainer to go the on-the-spot inspection repair or change the arrester. The loss that the numerous and diverse and power failure test of artifical inspection work brought has been reduced by a wide margin, and it can automatic acquisition data and with data remote transmission to monitor room, has made things convenient for monitoring personnel in time to discover arrester trouble defect and change the arrester under the prerequisite, has carried out intelligence, real-time, reliable monitoring to the arrester in operation, stops the trouble hidden danger, has improved the power supply reliability.
Advantageous effects
(1) The measurement is accurate, and the high-precision measurement is realized by adopting a high-precision active zero-flux straight-through transformer and automatically selecting the amplification factor according to the magnitude of the current to be measured.
(2) The data is reliable, and the measuring unit has perfect fault detection mechanism, can in time, accurately reflect arrester operating condition, has guaranteed authenticity, the accuracy of data source.
(3) The automation degree is high, and the leakage current and the bus voltage of the lightning arrester are sampled and analyzed, so that the unmanned on-line monitoring of the lightning arrester equipment of the transformer substation is realized, and the running state of the lightning arrester is judged more accurately and effectively.
(4) The system is flexible and reliable, the investment cost is low, and the detection device and the system master station communicate by using GSM/GPRS. The communication configuration enhances the reliability, flexibility and applicability of the system and saves a large amount of construction cost of network communication foundation.
(5) The maintenance is simple, the device adopts a modular design, meets the standard requirement, has high universality and interchangeability, and can maintain or replace all components including the sensor under the condition of not influencing the operation of equipment.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a working schematic diagram of the sampling module of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the lightning arrester detection of the present invention;
fig. 4 is the utility model discloses arrester valve block equivalent circuit simulated diagram.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the arrester on-line monitoring device based on internet of things communication includes a sampling module, a CPU module, a liquid crystal display module, a wireless communication module, an ambient temperature detection module, and a power module.
(1) Sampling module
The sampling module comprises a voltage transformer, a current transformer, a second-order filter circuit and an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) conversion circuit device, and a sampling signal is filtered by the active second-order filter circuit to obtain a third harmonic component of leakage current. The leakage current third harmonic component and the power grid voltage are obtained through 16-bit ADC analog-digital conversion, and the sampling precision is high. The ADC adopts a hardware phase-locked loop technology to carry out frequency following acquisition, and each power frequency cycle is designed with 128 sampling points for analyzing and calculating leakage current third harmonic components.
(2) CPU module
The high-performance 32-bit DSP chip provided by a Texas instrument is adopted, the data processing function is strong, at least 16 paths of analog quantity acquisition and 32 paths of programmable digital quantity are supported, two paths of SPI serial ports are supported, and 4 paths of universal serial ports are a core part of the operation of the whole system, and the data acquisition, fault judgment, remote communication and the like of a control device are realized.
(3) Liquid crystal display module
And the man-machine interaction interface is used for centralized display of device information and parameter modification.
(4) Wireless communication module
The main function is short-distance wireless communication GSM/GPRS (for system main station), the operation information and fault alarm signal of the lightning arrester device are transferred out in a wireless mode, and the lightning arrester device and the main station carry out two-way communication.
(5) Ambient temperature monitoring module
Obtaining the internal ambient temperature of the device by a temperature sensor
(6) Power supply module
The power supply module adopts an AC/DC220V to convert into DC5V, 12V and 24V switching power supplies, provides stable DC5V power supplies for the device, and reserves one path of DC12V and DC24V power supply output.
The utility model discloses an arrester on-line monitoring device based on internet of things communication main function and characteristics as follows:
(1) collecting leakage current and reference voltage of the lightning arrester device, calculating crab willow current fundamental wave and third harmonic wave of the lightning arrester, and counting lightning stroke times, lightning stroke time and the like;
(2) acquiring bus voltage and reference voltage of a PT unit, and calculating fundamental wave and third harmonic component of the bus voltage;
(3) supporting system time synchronization;
(4) wirelessly uploading the measured data and alarm information;
(5) the safety and reliability are realized, and the voltage channel adopts isolated V/I conversion, so that the short circuit of the PT secondary side is avoided, and the signal distortion is reduced;
(6) the temperature and humidity inside the device can be acquired in real time by adopting a high-precision temperature and humidity sensor;
(7) self-checking equipment;
(8) remote parameter modification and program upgrading;
main technical parameters
(1) Ac reference voltage measurement range: ≦ 500 kV;
(2) and (3) measuring leakage current: the precision of 100 mu A-100 mA is 1%;
(3) capacitive current measurement: the precision of 100 mu A-100 mA is 5%;
(4) third harmonic current: the precision of 100 mu A-100 mA is 5%;
(5) and (3) resistive current measurement: the precision of 100 mu A-100 mA is 5%;
(6) current sampling mode: the current channel adopts a sampling mode of a built-in core-through small current sensor, and the information distortion is small;
(7) voltage sampling mode: a wired mode (a voltage signal of a voltage transformer (or an experimental transformer instrument winding) is connected to a voltage channel through a matched V/I conversion active sensor to be used as a reference voltage signal);
(8) the power supply mode comprises the following steps: AC220V or an internal battery;
(9) the communication mode is as follows: GSM/GPRS (for the system master).
The utility model discloses a lightning arrester on-line monitoring method based on thing communication network as follows:
in the operation process of the zinc oxide arrester, when valve plates in the arrester are aged, moistened and the surface of the arrester is polluted, the total leakage current is not changed greatly, but the resistive current accounting for 10% -20% of the total leakage current is greatly increased, so that the resistive current can sensitively reflect the degradation process of the zinc oxide arrester. Because the resistance of the zinc oxide valve plate has nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics, the flowing resistive current contains fundamental wave, third harmonic, fifth harmonic and higher harmonic, wherein the fundamental wave component of the resistive current is not interfered by the high harmonic of the power grid, and the deterioration condition of the lightning arrester can be reliably reflected.
The lightning arrester is in a low current area for a long time, so that the high-frequency component flowing through the valve plate is extremely small, and the valve plate of the lightning arrester can be approximately regarded as a circuit with a nonlinear resistor and a capacitor connected in parallel. The total leakage current flowing through the valve plate is mainly resistive and capacitive current components, and the equivalent circuit of the total leakage current is shown in a simulation diagram shown in FIG. 4:
Ix＝Ir+Icin which IxFor leakage current, IrIs a resistive current, IcIs a capacitive current.
Will the utility model discloses the arrester that the device was gathered always reveals electric current, busbar voltage and carries out the discrete digitization, through the Fourier transform method, can try out the fundamental wave value and each of electric current, voltage in the frequency domain
Sub-harmonic phase, amplitude.
The power grid voltage and the total leakage current both meet the Dirichlet condition, and the bus voltage is subjected to Fourier expansion to obtain:
in the formula of U0Is a DC voltage value, UkmFor the amplitude of the k harmonic, m represents the maximum value, αkThe phase angle of k harmonics of the bus voltage, ω is the angular frequency, t is the initial time, k is the harmonic component, and k is 1,2,3 … ….
The total leakage current is Fourier-expanded to obtain:
in the formula I0Is the DC component of the total leakage current, IkmAmplitude of the k harmonic of the total leakage current, βkIs the k harmonic phase angle of the total leakage current.
In a small current region, the capacitance is almost constant, and the capacitive component of the total leakage current can be obtained from (5-1) as follows:
in the above equation, the k-th harmonic amplitude of the capacitive component of the total leakage current is: i isckm＝kωCUkm；
Since the bus voltage and the resistive component of the leakage current are in phase, the harmonics are also in phase, if IrkThe resistive current amplitude of the k harmonic is as follows:
and because of ix＝ir+icSubstituting (5-2), (5-3) and (5-4) into the formula:
multiplying both sides of the formula (5-5) by sin (n ω t + α)n) And taking a fixed integral over a certain period of time, having:
according to the orthogonal characteristic of the product of the trigonometric functions in one period:
for equation (5-6), the constant integral of the corresponding term is not equal to 0 only when k ═ n, which can be simplified as:
and (5-9) simplifying by using the integration sum difference formula of the trigonometric functions:
the orthogonal property of the trigonometric function is utilized to obtain:
obtaining:
obtaining:
therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
Irk＝Ikmcos(βk-αk)＝Ikm[cosαkcosβk+sinαksinβk](5-13)
similarly, multiplying both sides of (5-5) by cos (n ω t + α)n) And taking a fixed integral in the same period, wherein the fixed integral has a non-zero term only when k is equal to n according to the orthogonal characteristic of the trigonometric function. The simplified capacitive current has the following harmonic quantities:
Ick＝Ikmsin(βk-αk)＝Ikm[cosαkcosβk-sinαksinβk](5-14)
collecting bus voltage to calculate total leakage current capacitive component, converting from formula (5-1) to obtain formula (5-3), and finally obtaining formula (5-14) which can be expressed as αkIs the k harmonic phase angle of the bus voltage.
The method is utilized to separate out a total resistive current value, a resistive current fundamental wave value and each harmonic value of the resistive current from the total leakage current, and the operation condition of the lightning arrester can be comprehensively and comprehensively analyzed by longitudinally comparing the total resistive current value, the resistive current fundamental wave value and each harmonic value of the resistive current with the previous measured value.
If the percentage of the resistive current in the total leakage current is obviously increased, wherein the fundamental wave is increased by a larger amplitude than the first measured value, and the harmonic wave is not obviously increased than the first measured value, the lightning arrester is determined to be polluted or internally damped; if the percentage of the resistive current in the total leakage current is obviously increased, wherein the harmonic waves are increased by a larger extent than the first measured value, and the fundamental waves are not obviously increased than the first measured value, the aging of the lightning arrester can be determined.
And (4) fault judgment:
and (3) alarming for filth and internal damp faults: the resistive current ratio, the fundamental wave increasing amplitude, the harmonic wave increasing amplitude and the setting value of 0-99 can be set on line.
And (3) lightning arrester aging warning: the resistive current ratio, the fundamental wave increasing amplitude, the harmonic wave increasing amplitude and the setting value of 0-99 can be set on line.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an arrester on-line monitoring device based on thing communication networking which characterized in that: the lightning arrester temperature monitoring system is characterized in that a CPU module is taken as a core, the input end of the CPU module is connected with a sampling module, an environment temperature detection module and a power supply module, the sampling module is connected with a current transformer and a voltage transformer of the lightning arrester, the environment temperature detection module is connected with a temperature sensor of the lightning arrester, and the power supply module is connected with a mains supply; the output end of the CPU module is connected with a liquid crystal display module, and the liquid crystal display module is connected with a liquid crystal display; the CPU module is also connected with a communication module and is communicated with the communication module, and the communication module is in wireless communication with a system master station of the intelligent substation; the sampling module comprises a current transformer and a voltage transformer of the lightning arrester, an active second-order filter circuit and an ADC (analog to digital converter), wherein the ADC is a converter for converting analog quantity into digital quantity, the ADC adopts a hardware phase-locked loop technology to carry out frequency following collection, and each power frequency cycle is designed to be used for analyzing and measuring 128 sampling points of leakage current third harmonic component.
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