CN211176778U - Low-nitrogen combustion device - Google Patents

Low-nitrogen combustion device Download PDF

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CN211176778U
CN211176778U CN201921377636.2U CN201921377636U CN211176778U CN 211176778 U CN211176778 U CN 211176778U CN 201921377636 U CN201921377636 U CN 201921377636U CN 211176778 U CN211176778 U CN 211176778U
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flame
chamber
gas
low
pipe
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郭行
王高月
宋少鹏
贺应杰
高峰
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Beijing Longtao Environment Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Longtao Environment Technology Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Abstract

The utility model relates to a low-nitrogen combustion device, the device includes: the shell body, divide the air chamber, a plurality of gas-mixing pipes, the fire prevention chamber, the combustion chamber, the ignition needle, the heat transfer bank of tubes, first inlet tube, first outlet pipe, second inlet tube and second outlet pipe, wherein, the fire prevention chamber sets up at minute air chamber rear side, a plurality of gas-mixing pipes transversely evenly arrange at the fire prevention intracavity, the wall in fire prevention chamber and hug closely is just hugged closely to the ignition needle setting, the heat transfer bank of tubes sets up the rear side at the fire prevention chamber, its and the interval between the fire prevention chamber is 40-80mm, first inlet tube and first outlet pipe are connected to the fire prevention chamber, second inlet tube and second outlet pipe are connected to the heat transfer bank of tubes. The low-nitrogen combustion device comprehensively utilizes a water cooling technology, a premixing technology and an anti-backfire technology, effectively reduces the emission of nitrogen oxides by reducing the temperature of a flame surface, solves the problems of high emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide or premixing and backfire and the like of a full-premixing condensing boiler in the current market, and can be widely suitable for commercial or domestic distributed heating systems.

Description

Low-nitrogen combustion device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a burner, especially a low-nitrogen burner.
Background
The emission of nitrogen oxides is an important reason for forming atmospheric haze and acid rain, and in order to increase the environmental management intensity and increasingly tighten the emission standard of the nitrogen oxides by environmental protection departments, the existing boiler needs to be modified by low nitrogen, and a newly-built boiler needs to adopt a low nitrogen combustion technology to ensure that the emission of the nitrogen oxides is 30mg/m3The following.
According to the combustion mechanism, when the temperature of the combustion flame front is higher than 1500 ℃, the nitrogen oxides are generated, and the synthesis speed of the nitrogen oxides is increased by 6-7 times when the temperature of the flame front is increased by 100 ℃.
In order to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides, the frontal surface temperature of flame must be reduced, and recently, people begin to develop a fully premixed condensing boiler, which adopts a premixing technology and a heat exchange condensing technology, so that the emission of nitrogen oxides can be reduced, energy can be saved, and the purposes of energy saving and environmental protection can be achieved.
The premixing technology is that gas and air are mixed in a certain proportion before combustion, and the temperature of flame is reduced by increasing the excess air coefficient and increasing the heat absorption working medium in the flame zone, so as to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides.
The heat exchange condensation technology is that heat generated by flame is transferred to water in the heat exchange pipe through the heat exchange pipe with high heat transfer coefficient, the water guides the heat out, the temperature of a flame area is reduced, and the generation of thermal nitrogen oxide is inhibited.
The strip-seam type flame combustion device disclosed in the chinese patent CN207394839U utilizes a full-premixing condensation technology, in which premixed gas is ejected from a vertical strip-shaped gap, but the gap is too long, so that the gas distribution is not uniform, and the high-temperature flame is locally concentrated, so that the discharge amount of nitrogen oxides is increased. In addition, in order to stabilize the flame, a row of flame stabilizing pipes are arranged in the flame, and the water in the flame stabilizing pipes can rapidly reduce the temperature of the flame to cause the emission of CO to rise.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to reduce the flame temperature and not to increase the emission of CO, and simultaneously to prevent the backfire phenomenon, the utility model provides a low-nitrogen combustion device.
Particularly, the technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
the utility model provides a low-nitrogen combustion device, it includes: an outer shell 1, a gas distribution chamber 2, a plurality of gas mixing pipes 5, a tempering-proof cavity 9, a combustion chamber 3, an ignition needle 4, a heat exchange pipe row 8, a first water inlet pipe 6, a first water outlet pipe 7, a second water inlet pipe 10 and a second water outlet pipe 11, wherein the anti-tempering cavity 9 is arranged at the rear side of the gas distribution chamber 2, the plurality of gas mixing pipes 5 are arranged in the anti-tempering cavity 9, and is connected with the combustion chamber 3 by penetrating through the wall of the anti-tempering cavity 9, the ignition needle 4 is arranged in the combustion chamber 3 and clings to the wall surface of the anti-tempering cavity 9, the combustion chamber 3 is positioned at the rear side of the tempering-proof cavity 9, the heat exchange tube bank 8 is arranged at the rear side of the tempering-proof cavity 9 and positioned in the combustion chamber 3, the fire-proof cavity 9 with be provided with the clearance between the heat transfer bank of tubes 8, fire-proof cavity 9 connects first inlet tube 6 and first outlet pipe 7, heat transfer bank of tubes 8 connects second inlet tube 10 and second outlet pipe 11.
Preferably, according to the low-nitrogen combustion device, the gap distance between the heat exchange tube bank 8 and the tempering-proof cavity 9 is 40-80 mm. It is also preferable that the air mixing pipes 5 are transversely and uniformly arranged in the tempering-proof cavity 9.
Preferably, according to the low-nitrogen combustion device, the plurality of gas mixing pipes 5 are arranged in a rectangular shape.
Preferably, according to the above low-nitrogen combustion apparatus, wherein the diameter of the gas mixture pipe 5 is 1.5-3 mm.
Preferably, according to the above low-nitrogen combustion apparatus, wherein the length of the gas mixing pipe 5 is the same as that of the flashback-preventing chamber 9, and the ratio of the length thereof to the diameter thereof is greater than 6.
Preferably, according to the low-nitrogen combustion device, the longitudinal row number M1 of the plurality of air mixing pipes 5 is more than or equal to 2, and the transverse row number N1 is more than or equal to 2.
Preferably, according to the low-nitrogen combustion device, the transverse spacing between every two of the plurality of gas mixing pipes 5 is 18-22mm, and the longitudinal spacing is 4-6 mm.
Preferably, according to the low-nitrogen combustion device, the heat exchange tube rows 8 are distributed in a triangular shape, the longitudinal row number M2 is more than or equal to 2, and the transverse row number N2 is more than or equal to 2.
Preferably, according to the above low-nitrogen combustion device, the first water inlet pipe 6 and the second water inlet pipe 10 are respectively located at the lower side of the outer shell 1, and the first water outlet pipe 7 and the second water outlet pipe 11 are respectively located at the upper side of the outer shell 1.
To sum up, the utility model discloses a low-nitrogen combustion device utilizes water-cooling technique, mixes low-nitrogen combustion technique and anti-backfire technique in advance comprehensively, through reducing the emission that flame temperature effectively reduced nitrogen oxide. The low-nitrogen combustion device has the advantages of simple structure, low pollutant discharge, stable combustion, high heat efficiency, tempering resistance and the like, solves the problems of high emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide or easiness in tempering of premixing and the like in a full-premixing condensing boiler in the current market, and is widely suitable for commercial or domestic distributed heating systems.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has been obtained:
1. the gas and the air are premixed in advance, and a special premixed gas channel is designed, so that the combustion flame area is large, and the concentration of a high-temperature area is avoided;
2. the temperature of the high-temperature flame surface is reduced by using cold water, so that the nitrogen oxides can be effectively reduced;
3. the utility model designs a special gas passage and heat transfer cooling flame realize preventing the tempering, have solved the tempering problem in advance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a low nitrogen combustion apparatus in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the structure of the flashback-preventing chamber and the gas mixing tube in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the flashback chamber and the gas mixing tube in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a heat exchange tube bank in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a gas mixing tube according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a gas mixing tube according to one embodiment.
Wherein: 1. an outer housing; 2. a gas distribution chamber; 3. a combustion chamber; 4. an ignition needle; 5. a gas mixing pipe; 6. a first water inlet pipe; 7. a first water outlet pipe; 8. heat exchange tube rows; 9. a tempering-proof cavity; 10. a second water inlet pipe; 11. and a second water outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The utility model discloses utilize water-cooling technique, premixing technique, anti-backfire technique comprehensively, have advantages such as simple structure, pollutant discharge are low, the burning is stable, the thermal efficiency is high, solved on the existing market full premix condensation boiler and have nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide discharge higher or premix tempering scheduling problem, extensively be suitable for commercial or the distributed heating system in life. The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the utility model discloses a low nitrogen burner outside is shell body 1, branch air chamber 2 connects fire-proof cavity 9, gas mixture pipe 5 passes fire-proof cavity 9, fire-proof cavity 9 is connected respectively to first inlet tube 6 and first outlet pipe 7, heat transfer tube bank 8 is connected respectively to second inlet tube 10 and second outlet pipe 11, ignition needle 4 sets up in combustion chamber 3 and hugs closely the wall in fire-proof cavity, the clearance distance between heat transfer tube bank 8 and the fire-proof cavity 9 is connected to fire-proof cavity 9 rear side and heat transfer tube bank 8 is 40-80mm, the premixed gas flows through in the gas mixture pipe 5, cold water flows through in fire-proof cavity 9 and the heat transfer tube bank 8.
In a specific device of the low-nitrogen combustion device of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the structure thereof is as follows: an outer shell 1, a gas distribution chamber 2, a plurality of gas mixing pipes 5, a tempering-proof cavity 9, a combustion chamber 3, an ignition needle 4, a heat exchange pipe row 8, a first water inlet pipe 6, a first water outlet pipe 7, a second water inlet pipe 10 and a second water outlet pipe 11, wherein the anti-tempering cavity 9 is arranged at the rear side of the gas distribution chamber 2, the plurality of gas mixing pipes 5 are transversely arranged in the anti-tempering cavity 9, and is connected with the combustion chamber 3 by penetrating through the wall of the anti-tempering cavity 9, the ignition needle 4 is arranged in the combustion chamber 3 and clings to the wall surface of the anti-tempering cavity 9, the combustion chamber 3 is positioned at the rear side of the tempering-proof cavity 9, the heat exchange tube bank 8 is arranged at the rear side of the tempering-proof cavity 9 and positioned in the combustion chamber 3, the fire-proof cavity 9 with be provided with the clearance between the heat transfer bank of tubes 8, fire-proof cavity 9 connects first inlet tube 6 and first outlet pipe 7, heat transfer bank of tubes 8 connects second inlet tube 10 and second outlet pipe 11.
In a specific embodiment, air and gas complete the premix before entering low-nitrogen combustion device, the premix gas at first enters the air distribution chamber 2 through the entry of shell body 1, the air distribution chamber 2 has the effect of equalizing the flow and pressure, the premix gas enters the air distribution chamber 2 and then fills the whole air distribution chamber 2 quickly, the equalizing the flow and pressure is realized in the air distribution chamber 2, then enters the combustion chamber 3 through the air mixing pipe 5, ignites through the ignition needle 4 at the rear side of the tempering prevention cavity 9 and burns stably in the combustion chamber 3. Flue gas generated by combustion transversely flows through the heat exchange tube bank 8, fully exchanges heat with cold water in the heat exchange tube bank 8 to reduce temperature, and is finally discharged from a flue.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flame is extinguished in a cooled manner in order to prevent flashback in premixed combustion. Because the gas mixing pipe 5 passes through the anti-backfire chamber 9, when flame enters the gas mixing pipe 5, cold water in the anti-backfire chamber 9 takes away heat of flame in the gas mixing pipe 5 while flowing through the outer wall surface of the pipe 5, and when the heat of the flame is not enough to maintain the flame combustion, the flame can be gradually extinguished. The circulating water flowing mode in the tempering prevention cavity 9 is as follows: the cold water pumped by the water pump enters the anti-backfire cavity 9 through the first water inlet pipe 6 at the lower side of the outer shell 1 and finally flows out of the first water outlet pipe 7 at the upper side of the outer shell 1.
In another embodiment, the inventors of the present invention found that: the diameter d and the length a of the gas mixing pipe 5 have a large influence on backfire, and in order to better realize backfire prevention, the diameter d of the gas mixing pipe 5 is smaller than the flameout distance of flame, and the length a of a round pipe is designed according to the propagation speed of the flame. Preferably, the diameter d of the gas mixing tube 5 is 1.5-3mm, the length a is consistent with the length of the fire-proof cavity 9, and the ratio of the length a to the diameter d is more than 6. The above parameters are set to be enough to ensure that the tempering in the gas mixing pipe 5 is cooled and extinguished by cold water circulating in the tempering prevention cavity 9, and the tempering cannot enter the gas distribution chamber 2 to ignite premixed gas to generate deflagration.
In another embodiment, the air mixing tube 5 is arranged in a rectangular shape as a premix air passage, as shown in fig. 6. The gas mixing pipe 5 is arranged in a rectangular shape, so that premixed gas in the gas distribution chamber 2 can uniformly pass through the gas mixing pipe 5, the premixed gas sprayed out from the outlet of the gas mixing pipe 5 is uniform, the combustion flame of the structural design cannot form a high-temperature concentrated area, and the thermal NOx can be effectively reduced.
In addition, the spacing between the air mixing pipes arranged in a rectangular shape has a great influence on the stability and distribution of flame, if the transverse spacing c is too small (as shown in fig. 6), the premixed gas combustion flame of each pipe can be overlapped, so that the flame temperature in the area is too high, a large amount of thermal NOx is generated, if the transverse spacing c is too large, the firstly ignited premixed gas is not easy to ignite the surrounding premixed gas, and the flame can be separated, so that the flame stability is seriously influenced, and preferably, the transverse spacing c is 18mm-22 mm. The longitudinal distance b (as shown in fig. 5 and 6) is too small, flame superposition is not beneficial to reducing NOx, the longitudinal distance b is too large, the flow speed of premixed gas at the outlet of the gas mixing pipe is large, the combustion flame is blown to the downstream and even is blown out, and the longitudinal distance b is preferably 4mm-6 mm.
In another embodiment, because the air and the fuel adopt a full premix combustion mode, when the velocity of the premix air flow is less than the propagation velocity of the flame, the phenomenon of backfire is easily generated, the phenomenon of misfire or even flameout is easily generated when the velocity of the premix air flow is high, and the phenomenon of backfire is easily generated when the velocity of the premix air flow is low. Therefore, the premixed gas flow rate at the outlet of the gas-mixing pipe has a large influence on the flame, and in a particularly preferred embodiment, the premixed gas flow rate at the outlet of the gas-mixing pipe 5 is designed to be 4m/s to 10 m/s. At this flow rate, the flame can be stabilized for combustion without being blown out and is not easily tempered. In order to realize the flow rate of the premixed gas, the longitudinal row number M1 of the pipe is more than or equal to 2, and the transverse row number N1 of the pipe is more than or equal to 2.
In another embodiment, the flame tail is controlled between the heat exchange tube bank 8 and the fire-proof chamber 9 by adjusting the distance between the heat exchange tube bank 8 and the fire-proof chamber 9. Preferably, the distance between the tempering-proof cavity 9 and the heat exchange pipe 8 is 40-80 mm. Because the length of the premixed combustion flame is short, and the nitrogen oxides are generally generated at the rear side of the flame, the heat exchange effect of the flame and cold water in the heat exchange tube bank is optimal at the distance, and the generation of the nitrogen oxides can be greatly inhibited.
In addition, in order to effectively reduce nitrogen oxides and improve the heat utilization rate of flue gas, the heat exchange tube rows are designed to be arranged in a triangular mode. Preferably, the number of longitudinal rows M2 of heat exchange tube rows is more than or equal to 2, and the number of transverse rows N2 is more than or equal to 2.
Example one
As shown in figure 1, the utility model discloses an among the low nitrogen combustion device, the outside is shell body 1, when starting the device, accomplish the full premix with air and gas before getting into low nitrogen combustion device, the premix gas at first gets into minute air chamber 2 through shell body 1's entry, minute air chamber 2 has the pressure-sharing effect of flow equalizing, the premix gas gets into and is full of whole minute air chamber 2 fast behind the minute air chamber 2, realize the pressure-equalizing of flow equalizing in minute air chamber 2, the rethread passes gas mixing pipe 5 (cylindrical pipe) entering combustion chamber 3 of preventing tempering chamber 9, ignite and the stable burning in combustion chamber 3 through the ignition needle 4 of preventing tempering chamber 9 rear side. Flue gas generated by combustion transversely flows through the heat exchange tube bank 8, fully exchanges heat with cold water in the heat exchange tube bank 8 to reduce temperature, and is finally discharged from a flue. Wherein, the distance between the heat exchange tube bank 8 and the tempering-proof cavity 9 is 42mm, the diameter d of the gas mixing tube 5 is 2mm, the length is consistent with the length of the tempering-proof cavity 9, and the ratio of the length a to the diameter d is 7; the flow speed of the premixed gas at the outlet of the gas mixing pipe 5 is designed to be changed between 4m/s and 10m/s, the transverse distance c of the gas mixing pipes 5 which are distributed in a rectangular shape is 20mm, and the longitudinal distance b of the gas mixing pipes is 5 mm.
With respect to the above-mentioned apparatus, the emission amounts of exhaust gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide after combustion when the flow rate of premixed gas was changed between 4m/s and 10m/s (the mixing ratio of gas and air was 1:10.48 to 1:13.33, the change in flow rate was a change in the outlet flow rate due to a change in the total amount of gas and air, and the mixing ratio had a small influence on the flow rate) were examined, and the measurement results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 test results of combustion product composition at different gas flow rates
Figure BDA0002176979760000071
As can be seen from Table 1, the NOx emission is 16mg/m under different natural gas flow rates3(the reduced oxygen content is 3.5 percent) and the CO emission is 26mg/m3(reduced oxygen content is 3.5%) or less, therefore, the device can effectively reduce the emission of NOx and CO.
Example two
The device structure and related parameters are basically the same as those of the device in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the gas mixing pipe spacing of the rectangular arrangement is set to be 15mm in the transverse direction, 8mm in the longitudinal direction, and 42mm in the distance between the tempering-proof cavity 9 and the heat exchange pipe 8.
The following table 2 shows the results of examining the emissions of exhaust gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide after combustion when the flow rate of premixed gas was varied from 4m/s to 10 m/s.
TABLE 2 test results of combustion product composition at different gas flow rates
Figure BDA0002176979760000081
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the transverse spacing c of the gas mixing pipes is reduced from 20mm to 15mm, the flow rate of the premixer is ensured to be unchanged from 4m/s to 10m/s, and the longitudinal spacing b is increased from 5mm to 8mm, so that the NOx emission is increased, the CO emission is reduced, and the local flame temperature is higher due to the superposition of flames.
To sum up, the utility model discloses a low-nitrogen combustion device utilizes water-cooling technique, mixes low-nitrogen combustion technique and anti-backfire technique in advance comprehensively, through reducing the emission that flame temperature effectively reduced nitrogen oxide. The fuel gas and the air are premixed in advance, and a special premixed gas channel is designed, so that the combustion flame area is large, and the concentration of a high-temperature area is avoided; the temperature of the high-temperature flame surface is reduced by using cold water, so that the nitrogen oxides can be effectively reduced; the utility model designs a special gas passage and heat transfer cooling flame realize preventing the tempering, have solved the tempering problem in advance.
The foregoing is a detailed description of the present invention, which is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained with reference to specific embodiments, which have been provided only to assist understanding of the method and its core concepts; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea and principle of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and these changes should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A low-nitrogen combustion apparatus, comprising: the flame-retardant gas stove comprises an outer shell (1), a gas distribution chamber (2), a plurality of gas mixing pipes (5), a flame-retardant cavity (9), a combustion chamber (3), an ignition needle (4), a heat exchange pipe row (8), a first water inlet pipe (6), a first water outlet pipe (7), a second water inlet pipe (10) and a second water outlet pipe (11), wherein the flame-retardant cavity (9) is arranged at the rear side of the gas distribution chamber (2), the gas mixing pipes (5) are arranged in the flame-retardant cavity (9) and penetrate through the wall of the flame-retardant cavity (9) to be connected with the combustion chamber (3), the ignition needle (4) is arranged in the combustion chamber (3) and clings to the wall of the flame-retardant cavity (9), the combustion chamber (3) is positioned at the rear side of the flame-retardant cavity (9), the heat exchange pipe row (8) is arranged at the rear side of the flame-retardant cavity (9) and in the combustion chamber (3), a gap is arranged between the flame-retardant cavity (9) and the heat exchange pipe row (8), the fire-proof cavity (9) is connected with a first water inlet pipe (6) and a first water outlet pipe (7), and the heat exchange pipe bank (8) is connected with a second water inlet pipe (10) and a second water outlet pipe (11).
2. The low-nitrogen combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the gap distance between the heat exchange tube row (8) and the tempering-proof chamber (9) is 40-80 mm.
3. The low-nitrogen combustion apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of gas mixing pipes (5) are arranged in a rectangular shape.
4. A low-nitrogen combustion apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the gas mixture pipe (5) is 1.5-3 mm.
5. The low-nitrogen combustion device according to claim 3, wherein the length of the gas mixture pipe (5) is the same as that of the flashback-preventing chamber (9), and the ratio of the length to the diameter thereof is greater than 6.
6. The low-nitrogen combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the number of longitudinal rows M1 of the plurality of air-mixing pipes (5) is 2 or more, and the number of transverse rows N1 is 2 or more.
7. The low-nitrogen combustion device according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of gas-mixing pipes (5) are spaced apart from each other by 18 to 22mm in the transverse direction and by 4 to 6mm in the longitudinal direction.
8. The low-nitrogen combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tube rows (8) are distributed in a triangular shape, the number of longitudinal rows M2 is more than or equal to 2, and the number of transverse rows N2 is more than or equal to 2.
9. The low-nitrogen combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the first inlet pipe (6) and the second inlet pipe (10) are respectively located at a lower side of the outer casing (1), and the first outlet pipe (7) and the second outlet pipe (11) are respectively located at an upper side of the outer casing (1).
CN201921377636.2U 2019-08-23 2019-08-23 Low-nitrogen combustion device Active CN211176778U (en)

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