CN211056802U - Compound pollution type branch creek water body dynamic treatment structure before confluence - Google Patents
Compound pollution type branch creek water body dynamic treatment structure before confluence Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a water is administered the field, especially relate to the improvement field of combined pollution water, more specifically say and relate to the rural concentrated residential area of ether lake basin and too gehu fortune river branch creek water of combined pollution type that represent and prop up dynamic improvement structure before converging in the creek water, through setting up normal position ecological remediation case, can adapt to the different water level changes in creek, and utilize the root system position of aquatic plant to adhere to the basement as the microorganism, can break the original decomposition balance of water, utilize the effect of natural layering effectively to improve the microbial decomposition effect. Meanwhile, the ecological slope protection is improved in structure and grass seed arrangement, so that the prevention and control effect of the slope protection can be obviously improved, and soil entering a branch creek water body can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water body treatment, in particular to the field of treatment of composite polluted water bodies, and more particularly relates to a dynamic treatment structure of a composite polluted branch creek water body before confluence represented by a gehu luzhi branch creek (a new yun small creek) in a rural centralized residential area in an Ethu basin.
Background
No matter rivers, seas and lakes, the water is in a flowing state. During the flowing process, small water bodies such as branch streams, branches and creeks are formed, and the branch water bodies and the main stream water bodies are in a dynamic flowing state. On both sides of the branch or branch creek, it is usually the area where people produce and live.
Because pollutant components formed in human life production are complex, pollution types which are more complex relative to common water bodies can be formed along with the convergence of surface runoff or farmland runoff and the like into branch river water bodies, and meanwhile, because branch rivers and branch rivers are in continuous flow, the method is different from the traditional centralized treatment mode of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and the like, and the requirement of flow treatment of the branch rivers and the branch rivers can be met, namely the branch rivers and the branch rivers are continuously treated uninterruptedly in the flow process, the cleanness degree of the branch rivers and the branch rivers when the branch rivers and the main stream water bodies converge is ensured, and the pollution load of the branch rivers and the main stream water bodies is effectively reduced.
In the invention, the gehu Luyuan countryside concentrated residential area Tai Lu river branch creek (New Yun Xiao Qiao creek) is taken as a representative to explain the dynamic treatment structure and the treatment method before the water body confluence of the compound pollution type branch creek.
Gehu canal is one of the major lake-entering rivers of the taihu lake and is also the main river leading gehu lake and taihu lake together. Gehu the river basin inside creek mostly has water quality of V or inferior V.
The new Yuanqiao creek is one of important branches and creeks along the gehu canal, and the targeted treatment on the new Yuanqiao creek is of great significance to the comprehensive treatment of the gehu canal.
Farmers in yellow villages before Wu Shi district of XiLin Changzhou city of Xinyun Xiaoqiao creek centralize residential areas, scattered planting farmlands such as paddy fields, vegetables, fruit trees and the like in yellow villages before Wu Shi district of Dong Lingzhou city, and small factories are distributed on the northwest side. The water quality deterioration of the newly transported small bridges and creeks is serious, and partial river reach appears black and smelly under the influence of surface runoff of a centralized residential area, non-point source pollution of farmlands and pollution of a small amount of factory pollution. Through detection, in the water body, not only pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters and the like exist, but also a small amount of heavy metals, sulfides, concrete, particulate matters and other pollutants exist, and the water body is worthy of attention, also contains a small amount of unconventional organic pollutants such as pesticide residues, antibiotics, medicines and the like, and belongs to a composite pollution type water body.
Therefore, finding a treatment structure and a treatment method suitable for complex pollution type water bodies with similar conditions to branch creeks in rural concentrated living areas in Taihu basin is a research hotspot of technicians in the field and is also a difficult point and a key subject in the field of water pollution treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to realize dynamic treatment before confluence of water bodies of compound pollution branch creeks represented by branch creeks (Xinyuanxiaoqiao creeks) in rural concentrated residential areas in the Ether lake basin, wherein the dynamic treatment comprises a treatment structure and a treatment method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a composite pollution type creek water body dynamic treatment structure before confluence, which is positioned before the branch creek water body and mainstream water body confluence, wherein the position close to the confluence position is the tail end of a treatment structure, the position far away from the confluence position is the front end of the treatment structure, and a treatment section is arranged between the front end of the treatment structure and the tail end of the treatment structure;
the front end of the treatment structure is provided with a buffer treatment structure, the buffer treatment structure consists of a bottom surface and buffer steps, the bottom surface is a slope, the front end of the treatment structure is higher and gradually extends downwards, the buffer steps are vertically arranged on the bottom surface, the buffer steps and the bottom surface are matched at the head of the treatment structure to form a plurality of buffer pools with gradually reduced heights, the buffer pool at the front end of the treatment structure is highest in height, and water flows through the buffer pools step by step from high to low in sequence and flows into the treatment section;
the buffer pools at different levels in the buffer treatment structure form the effect of buffering step by step, the water body passes through the buffer pools step by step from high to low, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged in each buffer pool, the natural sedimentation effect of suspended particles in water is exerted, the water body on the upper layer after the buffer sedimentation enters the buffer pool on the next layer through the overflowing effect, and thus the multi-level sedimentation treatment operation is completed.
The 'arbor-shrub-grass' vegetation treatment combined structure is arranged on the embankments on the two sides of the treatment section, and the ecological slope protection is arranged on the bare slope of the embankments on the two sides of the treatment section;
a pollution control plant screen and a fountain type aeration facility are arranged at the tail part of the treatment structure, wherein the fountain type aeration facility is preferably a fountain type solar aeration facility;
the aeration device can increase the dissolved oxygen content in water, continuously disorder the still water state, ensure that the water body is in continuous motion, and enhance the resistance control and purification capacity of the near shore waterfront plant screen on water body pollutants.
Meanwhile, a plurality of in-situ ecological restoration boxes are arranged in the buffer treatment structure and the treatment section at the front end of the treatment structure and in the water body at the tail end of the treatment structure, the in-situ ecological restoration box comprises a box body, in-situ ecological restoration plants connected with the box body and microorganisms distributed in different water layers of the box body, the in-situ ecological restoration plants are mainly composed of emergent aquatic plants, the underwater parts of the in-situ ecological restoration plants are vertically or basically vertically suspended in the water body space of the in-situ ecological restoration box, water layers with different oxygen concentrations are naturally formed, the microorganism in-situ ecological restoration structure is mainly formed by naturally driving and distributing microorganisms in water bodies in a water layer structure formed by the in-situ ecological restoration plant root system, the box body is a permeable frame structure, the bottom surface of the box body is closed to form a box bottom, and the box bottom is connected with the root system falling objects and microorganisms attached to the root system falling objects.
In a preferred mode, the biological treatment agent further comprises a microbial agent, and the microbial agent and microorganisms in the water body jointly form a microbial in-situ ecological restoration structure.
The microbial agent is preferably one that can improve water quality efficiently, and the specific type can be selected from commercially available microbial agents as needed.
As a preferred technical solution, the in situ ecological restoration plant further comprises a floating plant with a developed root system, and further preferably, the ecological restoration plant is saxifrage, emerald, celandine, arundo donax and/or siberian iris.
Further preferably, the pollution prevention and control plant screen in the near shore waterfront area is composed of ornamental emergent aquatic plants, and more preferably, the ornamental emergent aquatic plants are canna aquatica, calamus flavus, arundo maculatus and/or resh flowers.
In the invention, the ecological slope protection is preferably arranged in a layered manner, and is divided into a far water area, a middle area and a near water area from far to near according to the position of the ecological slope protection relative to a water body, wherein a turf side slope, a net carpet type side slope and a brick type side slope are arranged from the far water area to the near water area in sequence; the slope of the turf is the slope directly formed by laying the turf; the net blanket type side slope is characterized in that a net blanket with holes is arranged on an exposed slope surface to form a flexible protection method, and then grass seeds are scattered in the holes; the brick type side slope is characterized in that slope protection bricks are arranged on the exposed slope surface, and then grass seeds are scattered in holes of the slope bricks.
It is further preferred that the slope of grass in the ecological slope protection is formed by at least two grass seeds, and different grass seeds are arranged at intervals.
More preferably, the grass seeds arranged at intervals are respectively cold-resistant grass seeds and warm-loving grass seeds; as a preferred technical scheme, the cold-resistant grass seeds are preferably one or more of zoysia japonica, trefoil alba, burclover and ryegrass; the preferred species of the Xiwencao grass is one or more of bermudagrass, blumea and paradise.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a dynamic treatment method for the composite pollution type creek water body before confluence, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting a section of water body as a water flow section of a treatment structure at the position of the branch creek close to the confluence port of the main flow water body,
secondly, constructing a buffering treatment structure at the foremost end of the water flow section of the treatment structure in an earthwork building mode, wherein the buffering treatment structure consists of a bottom surface and buffering steps, the bottom surface is a slope surface, the bottom surface is higher at the front end of the treatment structure and gradually extends downwards, the buffering steps are vertically arranged on the bottom surface, the buffering steps and the bottom surface are matched with the head of the treatment structure to form a plurality of buffering pools with gradually reduced heights, the height of the buffering pool at the foremost end of the treatment structure is the highest, and water flows sequentially pass through the buffering pools step by step from high to low;
thirdly, arranging a pollution prevention and control plant screen and a fountain type aeration facility near the confluence port, wherein the fountain type aeration facility is preferably a solar fountain type aeration facility;
fourthly, arranging an arbor-shrub-grass vegetation treatment combined structure on dikes on two sides of the branch creek between the buffer treatment structure and the pollution control plant screens of the near-shore water front at the confluence, and arranging ecological protection slopes on bare slopes of the dikes on the two sides close to the water body;
fifthly, a plurality of in-situ ecological restoration boxes are arranged in the water flow section of the whole treatment structure according to the pollution degree, the in-situ ecological restoration box comprises a box body, in-situ ecological restoration plants connected with the box body and microorganisms distributed in different water layers of the box body, the in-situ ecological restoration plants are mainly composed of emergent aquatic plants, the underwater parts of the in-situ ecological restoration plants are vertically or basically vertically suspended in the water body space of the in-situ ecological restoration box, water layers with different oxygen concentrations are naturally formed, the microorganism in-situ ecological restoration structure is mainly formed by naturally driving and distributing microorganisms in water bodies in a water layer structure formed by the in-situ ecological restoration plant root system, the box body is a permeable frame structure, the bottom surface of the box body is closed to form a box bottom, and the box bottom is connected with the root system falling objects and microorganisms attached to the root system falling objects.
As a preferable technical scheme, the method further comprises sediment cleaning, specifically, sediment cleaning is performed periodically, and meanwhile, a certain thickness of the loose sediment is kept, so that a suitable environment is provided for submerged plants and benthos in the creeks, and the sediment and harvested aquatic plants are recycled by using the existing composting process.
Further preferably, any one or more of the following preferable technical solutions are also included:
the biological treatment system also comprises a microbial agent, wherein the microbial agent and microorganisms in the water body jointly form a microbial in-situ ecological restoration structure;
secondly, the in-situ ecological restoration plants also comprise floating plants with developed root systems, and further preferably, the ecological restoration plants are saxifrage, emerald, celandine, arundo donax and/or siberian iris;
thirdly, the pollution prevention and control plant screen in the near shore waterfront area consists of emergent aquatic plants with ornamental value, and more preferably, the emergent aquatic plants with ornamental value are canna aquatica, calamus flavus, bamboo leaves and/or Thymus repens;
fourthly, the ecological slope protection is arranged in a layered mode and is divided into a far water area, a middle area and a near water area from far to near according to the position of the ecological slope protection relative to the water body, and a turf side slope, a net carpet type side slope and a brick type side slope are arranged from the far water area to the near water area in sequence; the slope of the turf is the slope directly formed by laying the turf; the net blanket type side slope is characterized in that a net blanket with holes is arranged on an exposed slope surface to form a flexible protection method, and then grass seeds are scattered in the holes; the brick type side slope is characterized in that slope protection bricks are arranged on an exposed slope surface, and then grass seeds are scattered in holes of the slope bricks;
fifthly, the turf side slope in the ecological slope protection is formed by at least two grass seeds, and different grass seeds are arranged at intervals;
sixthly, the grass seeds arranged at intervals are respectively cold-resistant grass seeds and temperature-preference grass seeds; as a preferred technical scheme, the cold-resistant grass seeds are preferably one or more of zoysia japonica, trefoil alba, burclover and ryegrass; the preferred species of the Xiwencao grass is one or more of bermudagrass, blumea and paradise.
The invention creatively repairs underwater parts of plants (including root systems of aquatic plants and parts of underwater rhizomes) as microorganism attaching substrates through in-situ ecology. Because microorganisms can degrade organic substances in polluted water, but the habitat of the microorganisms in the prior art cannot be effectively ensured, so that the degradation effect of the microorganisms is difficult to continuously carry out. In the invention, the underwater part of the aquatic plant is used as an attaching substrate to provide a habitat for growth and propagation of microorganisms, so that the degradation of the microorganisms to organic substances in a water body can be continuously carried out, and the degradation of a microbial community is fully exerted. Meanwhile, as the aeration tissue in the aquatic plant body has the function of conveying oxygen and the root system part has the function of oxygen secretion, in other words, the water body at the position of the aeration tissue can be divided into a water layer with sufficient oxygen content, a water layer with low oxygen content and a water layer with oxygen deficiency from top to bottom through the regular planting of the aquatic plant and the oxygen conveying capacity of the aquatic plant, so that the microbial community can be respectively attached to different water layers according to the oxygen demand of the microbial community, thereby forming a first degradation upper water layer mainly comprising aerobic bacteria, a second degradation middle water layer mainly comprising anoxic bacteria and a third degradation lower water layer mainly comprising anaerobic bacteria. Through the natural layering, the effects of purifying the water body and degrading organic substances can be further improved.
And it is worth noting that in the invention, the fallen roots and other fallen objects in the water body above are received through the bottom surface of the in-situ ecological restoration box, so that the fallen objects can be recovered in a centralized manner to avoid secondary pollution, and the fallen objects can be used as microorganism attaching substrates to increase the attachment amount and the water layer attaching range of microorganisms. The fallen root objects carried on the bottom surface of the in-situ ecological restoration box need to be cleaned regularly, and can be made into organic fertilizer with harvested aquatic plants and bottom mud according to the prior art.
Meanwhile, the in-situ ecological restoration plant disclosed by the invention is mainly prepared from spring and summer warm-preference plants and winter cold-resistance plants or evergreen plants, so that an in-situ ecological restoration plant system which stably runs all year round is formed. For example, it is possible to plant a winter hardy plant such as reed, calamus, canna, etc. in combination with a winter hardy plant such as cress, cupressure, etc., and it is also possible to plant a four season evergreen plant such as siberian iris, thereby forming an evergreen state of stable operation throughout the year.
Except that the lower bottom surface seals in the structure of normal position ecological remediation case, other are the framework of water permeability, through the stereoplasm framework, can be better with the fixed of normal position ecological remediation plant. Specifically, in-situ ecological restoration plants are selected according to the types disclosed by the invention, then the plants are stably fixed on the frame body by utilizing the floating frame structure, and finally the ecological box is arranged on the ground surface of a branch creek in a rural concentrated residential area and flows into a creek sewage outlet or a branch creek water body which has heavier pollution degree and needs to be intensively purified.
The design of the in-situ ecological restoration box can adapt to different water level changes of creeks in a dry period and a rich period, the four-season effectiveness of the in-situ ecological restoration box on water treatment can be guaranteed by screening the in-situ ecological restoration plants, more importantly, the underwater parts of the aquatic plants are used as microorganism attachment substrates in the in-situ ecological restoration box, a long-term stable habitat can be provided for the growth and the propagation of a microbial community, and the microbial degradation effect can be effectively improved by utilizing the natural layering effect of oxygen in the water. More importantly, as additional biological fillers and the like are not needed, the damage to the self environment of the water body caused by man-made work can be effectively avoided and reduced. Meanwhile, the ecological slope protection is subjected to method improvement and grass seed arrangement improvement, so that the pollution blocking effect of the slope protection can be obviously improved, and water and soil loss can be effectively prevented.
According to the method, a layered slope protection structure is creatively adopted, so that a progressive process intercepting ecological barrier zone can be formed, pollutants entering a creek can be effectively intercepted and reduced, the side slope can be effectively reinforced, water and soil loss is prevented, and pollution caused by soil particles of the side slope mixed into a water body is reduced.
The treatment method of front-end interception, process resistance control, tail-end purification, landscape restoration and resource recycling can be used for obviously improving the creek water quality. Taking the Taihu basin rural concentrated residential area Taihu gewa branch creek as a representative, through engineering practice, compared with an upstream entry section, the water quality of the exit section of the river of the Xinyuhao creek is obviously improved, and the concentrations of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended matters in a water body are obviously reduced. In addition, by the five-in-one evergreen ecological restoration and reinforcement purification method, the water quality is improved, and simultaneously, a creek water body ecological restoration system is constructed, so that a good landscape effect is formed, and the rural human living environment is improved to a certain extent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of water body of gehu tao koa (new yun xiao qiao koa) in a rural centralized residential area in a lake Taihu basin.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a dynamic treatment structure of a composite pollution type branch creek water body before confluence.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a buffering structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an in-situ ecological remediation tank.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be better understood, we now provide further explanation of the invention with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Taking branch creeks in rural concentrated residential areas in lake and river areas (Xinyuanqiao creeks) as an example, the dynamic treatment structure and the treatment method before confluence of the water bodies of the composite pollution branch creeks disclosed by the invention are concretely explained.
As shown in FIG. 1, the distribution of branch creeks and new Yuanqiao creek sections in the rural concentrated residential area of the Taihu basin is shown schematically.
In fig. 1, the thick black lines indicate the water bodies in creeks, and the water bodies can be seen to flow from north to south according to fig. 1, and the circles in the figure are merged into the water bodies in main flow. A complex pollution source exists on two sides of the branch creeks, as shown in the figure, A-K, A and B are small factories, a small amount of industrial wastewater flows into the branch creeks, C, E, H is dispersed farmlands, farmland runoff and paddy field active drainage can bring pollutants such as fertilizers and pesticides into the branch creeks, D, F, G, I, K is a rural concentrated living area, J is a school, and surface runoff in the areas can bring pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the lives of farmers into the branch creeks.
Therefore, the compound pollution type creek water body containing different pollution sources such as surface runoff, industrial wastewater, farmland runoff and drainage and the like is formed.
First, a section of water is selected as the treatment structure flow section at the branch creek near the junction (i.e., M in the figure), for example, we select the water between L and N as the treatment structure flow section in this embodiment.
We see the specific abatement structure set up below in conjunction with figure 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, we see that the treatment structure flow section is virtually divided into three sections, the treatment structure front end, the treatment structure tail end, and the treatment section between the treatment structure front end and the treatment structure tail end. It should be noted here that in the drawings, for the sake of convenience of distinction, a separation auxiliary line is added, but this line does not exist in practice.
As shown in fig. 2, a buffer treatment structure 1 is arranged at the head of the treatment structure, a combined structure 2 for tree-shrub-grass vegetation treatment is arranged on the banks at two sides of the treatment section, an ecological slope protection 3 is arranged on the bare slope of the banks at two sides of the treatment section, and a pollution control plant screen 4 and a fountain type solar aeration facility 6 are arranged at the tail end of the treatment structure; meanwhile, a plurality of in-situ ecological restoration boxes 5 are arranged in the buffer treatment structure at the front end of the treatment structure, the treatment section and the water body at the tail end of the treatment structure.
The following explains the buffer treatment structure with reference to fig. 3, and as shown in fig. 3, the buffer treatment structure has two layers of buffer tanks, which can be constructed into three layers, four layers, etc. according to the different water amounts, etc. As shown in fig. 3, the buffer treatment structure is composed of a bottom surface 101 and buffer steps, the structure shown in fig. 3 includes two buffer steps, which are a first buffer step 102 and a second buffer step 103, respectively, the bottom surface 101 shown in fig. 3 is a slope, the front end of the treatment structure is higher and gradually extends downwards, the first buffer step 102 and the second buffer step 103 are both vertically arranged on the bottom surface 101, the buffer steps and the bottom surface are matched to form a plurality of buffer pools with gradually reduced heights at the front end of the treatment structure, the buffer pool at the front end of the treatment structure is highest in height, water flows into the second buffer pool 105 after overflowing in the first buffer pool 104, and so on, and flows into the treatment section from high to low step by step in an overflow manner.
The in-situ ecological restoration box is explained with reference to fig. 4, as shown in fig. 4, the in-situ ecological restoration box comprises a box body 501, in-situ ecological restoration plants 502 connected with the box body, and microorganisms 503 distributed in different water layers of the box body, the in-situ ecological restoration plants 502 are mainly composed of emergent aquatic plants, underwater parts 5021 of the in-situ ecological restoration plants vertically or substantially vertically suspend in a water body space of the in-situ ecological restoration box and naturally form water layers with different oxygen concentrations, the microorganism in-situ ecological restoration structure is mainly formed by naturally driving and distributing microorganisms in the water body in a water layer structure formed by roots of the in-situ ecological restoration plants, the box body is a water-permeable frame structure, the closed bottom surface of the box body forms a box bottom, and the box bottom is provided with roots of fallen objects and microorganisms attached on the roots of the fallen objects.
Naturally, it is also possible to select floating plants with a developed root system, such as, for example, multocida, turelia, celandine, arundo donax and/or siberian iris.
And preferably, the floral leaf giant reed is arranged on one side close to the shore, so that runoff pollutants can be effectively intercepted and reduced, and then the loosestrife, the mullet, the emerald green and the Siberian iris are arranged in a crossed manner.
The submerged parts of these plants, including their roots and roots, provide an attachment base for microorganisms in the body of water. Thereby forming an in-situ ecological restoration method of organically combining plants and microorganisms.
Meanwhile, the decomposition effect of microorganisms in the water injection body is closely related, and if the microorganisms in the water body are too few, a certain microbial agent for efficiently improving the water quality is added into the water body in a manual sowing mode.
The in-situ ecological restoration box can be placed at a proper position according to needs, and particularly, the structure can also be placed in a buffering treatment structure, so that the purifying effect of the buffering treatment structure on sewage such as inflow and creek runoff is enhanced, and the pollution load of branch and creek water bodies is reduced.
In this example we further disclose a combination of arbor-shrub-grass vegetation, where the arbor is selected from weeping willow and cinnamomum camphora, the shrub is selected from photinia fraseri and buxus chrysoidea, and the turf is selected from ryegrass, paradise and bermuda grass mixed-sown lawn.
The ecological slope protection refers to a slope protection method aiming at the bare slope part of the bank, the preferable slope protection in the embodiment selects ryegrass, paradise and bermuda grass to be mixed and sown on the lawn in the far water area, the slope protection in the middle area selects ryegrass, paradise and bermuda grass to be mixed and sown on the lawn, and the slope protection in the near water area selects I-shaped slope protection bricks to be matched with ryegrass, paradise and bermuda grass to be mixed and sown on the lawn.
In addition, the embodiment further discloses that emergent aquatic plants such as canna aquatica, calamus flavus and arundo donax are selected as the pollution prevention and control plant screens in the near shore waterfront region.
Meanwhile, in the embodiment, it is further preferable that sediment of the creek and the secondary branch creeks is periodically desilted, meanwhile, a certain thickness of the loose sediment is reserved to provide a suitable environment for submerged plants and benthos, and the sediment, harvested aquatic plants and their desquamation are recycled by using the existing composting process.
The invention creatively uses the underwater part (including the root system of the aquatic plant and part of the underwater rhizomes) of the evergreen aquatic plant which operates all year round as a microorganism attaching substrate. Because microorganisms can degrade organic substances polluting water, but the habitat of the microorganisms in the prior art can not be ensured for a long time, so that the degradation effect of the microorganisms is difficult to be continuously carried out. In the invention, the underwater part of the aquatic plant is used for providing a habitat for the growth and the propagation of microorganisms, so that the degradation of organic substances in the water body can be continuously carried out, and the degradation of microbial flora is fully exerted.
Meanwhile, as the aeration tissue in the aquatic plant body has the function of conveying oxygen and the root system part has the function of secreting oxygen, in other words, through the regular planting of the aquatic plant and the oxygen conveying capacity of the aquatic plant, the water body at the position of the aquatic plant can be divided into a water layer with sufficient oxygen content, a water layer with low oxygen content and a water layer without oxygen content from top to bottom, so that the microbial community is respectively attached to different water layers according to the oxygen demand of the microbial community, and a first degradation upper water layer mainly comprising aerobic bacteria, a second degradation middle water layer mainly comprising anoxic bacteria and a third degradation lower water layer mainly comprising anaerobic bacteria are formed. Through the natural layering, the effects of purifying the water body and degrading organic substances can be further improved.
Through the layered slope protection method, a progressive pollution interception ecological barrier zone can be formed, pollutants entering creeks can be effectively intercepted and reduced, the side slope can be effectively fixed, water and soil loss is prevented, and pollution caused by soil particles of the side slope mixed into a water body is reduced.
By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the total reduction rate of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the branch creek water body is 86.4 percent, and the ammonia Nitrogen (NH)4 +-N) total reduction rate is 80.9%, total reduction rate of Total Phosphorus (TP) reaches 89.3%, total reduction rate of suspended matter (SS) reaches 91.2%, and water quality can be remarkably improved.
What has been described above is a specific embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. Structure is administered to developments before compound pollution type branch creek water body converges, its characterized in that: the structure is positioned before the branch creek water body and the main flow water body converge, the position close to the converging position is the tail end of the treatment structure, the position far away from the converging position is the front end of the treatment structure, and a treatment section is arranged between the front end of the treatment structure and the tail end of the treatment structure;
the front end of the treatment structure is provided with a buffer treatment structure, the buffer treatment structure consists of a bottom surface and buffer steps, the bottom surface is a slope, the front end of the treatment structure is higher and gradually extends downwards, the buffer steps are vertically arranged on the bottom surface, the buffer steps and the bottom surface are matched to form a plurality of buffer pools with gradually reduced heights at the front end of the treatment structure, the buffer pool at the front end of the treatment structure is highest in height, and water flows through the buffer pools step by step from high to low in sequence and flows into the treatment section;
the 'arbor-shrub-grass' vegetation treatment combined structure is arranged on the embankments on the two sides of the treatment section, and the ecological slope protection is arranged on the bare slope of the embankments on the two sides of the treatment section;
the tail end of the treatment structure is provided with a near shore waterfront pollution prevention and control plant screen and a fountain type aeration facility,
meanwhile, a plurality of in-situ ecological restoration boxes are arranged in the buffer treatment structure and the treatment section at the front end of the treatment structure and in the water body at the tail end of the treatment structure, the in-situ ecological restoration box comprises a box body, in-situ ecological restoration plants connected with the box body and microorganisms distributed in different water layers of the box body, the in-situ ecological restoration plants are mainly composed of emergent aquatic plants, the underwater parts of the in-situ ecological restoration plants are vertically or basically vertically suspended in the water body space of the in-situ ecological restoration box, water layers with different oxygen concentrations are naturally formed, microorganisms in the water bodies are naturally driven and distributed in a water layer structure formed by the in-situ ecological restoration plant root system to form a microorganism in-situ ecological restoration structure, the box body is a permeable frame structure, the bottom surface of the box body is closed to form a box bottom, and the box bottom is connected with the root system falling objects and microorganisms attached to the root system falling objects.
2. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the fountain type aeration facility is a solar fountain type aeration facility.
3. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the microbial agent and microorganisms in the water body jointly form a microbial in-situ ecological restoration structure.
4. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the in-situ ecological restoration plants also comprise floating plants with developed root systems.
5. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 4, wherein: the ecological restoration plant is selected from the group consisting of common saxifrage herb, green arulia chinensis, celandine, arundo donax linn and/or Siberian iris.
6. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the pollution prevention and control plant screen for the near-shore waterfront area consists of emergent aquatic plants with ornamental value.
7. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 6, wherein: the emergent aquatic plants with ornamental value are aquatic canna, calamus citriodora, floral leaf arundo donax and/or reserpilla meliloti.
8. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the ecological slope protection is arranged in a layered manner and is divided into a far water area, a middle area and a near water area from far to near according to the position of the ecological slope protection relative to a water body, and a turf side slope, a net carpet type side slope and a brick type side slope are arranged from the far water area to the near water area in sequence; the slope of the turf is the slope directly formed by laying the turf; the net blanket type side slope is characterized in that a net blanket with holes is arranged on an exposed slope surface to form a flexible protection method, and then grass seeds are scattered in the holes; the brick type side slope is characterized in that slope protection bricks are arranged on the exposed slope surface, and then grass seeds are scattered in holes of the slope bricks.
9. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the turf side slope in the ecological slope protection is formed by at least more than two grass seeds, and different grass seeds are arranged at intervals.
10. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 9, wherein: the grass seeds arranged at intervals are respectively cold-resistant grass seeds and warm-favored grass seeds.
11. The composite pollution type creek water body pre-confluence dynamic treatment structure according to claim 10, wherein: the cold-resistant grass seeds are one or more of zoysia japonica, white flower clover, burclover and ryegrass; the Xiwencao grass is one or more of Bermuda grass, Blumeabar grass and Japanese Styrax.
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