CN210927083U - Hybrid direct current breaker and control protection device - Google Patents
Hybrid direct current breaker and control protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210927083U CN210927083U CN201922189772.5U CN201922189772U CN210927083U CN 210927083 U CN210927083 U CN 210927083U CN 201922189772 U CN201922189772 U CN 201922189772U CN 210927083 U CN210927083 U CN 210927083U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hybrid direct current breaker and a control protection device, wherein three independent merging units of the device are all used for collecting line current, main branch current, transfer branch current, energy consumption branch total current and energy consumption branch current of a main outlet line at one end of the hybrid direct current breaker; the communication module of the control protection host machine realizes communication among the main branch, the transfer branch, the converter station control equipment and the converter station protection equipment; the protection judgment module carries out overcurrent judgment on the circuit breaker according to the current of the merging unit; the third-in-two logic module carries out overcurrent third-in-two logic judgment according to the judgment result of the protection judgment module; the control module realizes the opening and closing time sequence of the circuit breaker and the fault judgment of equipment, and sends a control protection instruction to the main branch commutation component and the semiconductor component of the transfer branch through the communication module and the interface unit; the protection method based on the device can quickly execute the opening and closing process, quickly detect the state of the equipment and implement effective protection.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a direct current breaker control protection technical field, concretely relates to hybrid direct current breaker and control protection device.
Background
The direct current circuit breaker is applied to a direct current transmission system, particularly a multi-terminal direct current and direct current network system, and can break direct current fault current and isolate direct current line faults. The hybrid direct current circuit breaker has the technical characteristics of low on-state loss of the traditional mechanical circuit breaker and high breaking speed of the solid-state circuit breaker, and becomes a hotspot of direct current circuit breaker research.
The hybrid direct current circuit breaker has higher requirements on the speed and the precision of a control protection device of the hybrid direct current circuit breaker. After a direct current line breaks down, short-circuit current is increased linearly, voltage of a current converter drops rapidly, and a direct current breaker needs to complete breaking within milliseconds. The breaking process of the direct current circuit breaker relates to the cooperative matching of various components such as a semiconductor component, a mechanical switch, an energy consumption device and the like, and two times of large loop current conversion needs to be completed under the high voltage of hundreds of kilovolts. Because the mechanical switch in the hybrid direct current breaker does not have the current breaking capacity, the current is ensured to be zero before breaking. The current of the main branch circuit is collected to perform zero-crossing judgment, and the breaking time of the circuit breaker can be prolonged by sampling, communication and filtering delay. In addition, because the voltage and the current change rapidly in the opening and closing processes of the circuit breaker, the fault needs to be identified within hundreds of microseconds so as to avoid fault amplification.
The existing control protection device for the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker has large time delay, influences the integral breaking time of the direct-current circuit breaker, and cannot meet the rapid requirement of the direct-current circuit breaker on the fault protection speed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a hybrid direct current breaker and control protection device, it is great to have overcome hybrid direct current breaker control protection device and method time delay among the prior art, has influenced direct current breaker's whole breaking time, and the quick demand of direct current breaker can't be satisfied to the fault protection speed.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hybrid dc circuit breaker, including: main branch road, transfer branch road and power consumption branch road, wherein: the main branch is used for normal through-current, and it includes mechanical switch and current conversion subassembly, and wherein, mechanical switch includes: the mechanical switch control module, the switch body, the opening repulsion mechanism, the closing repulsion mechanism and the switch state sensor module; the switch body includes: the vacuum arc extinguish chamber, the static contact and the moving contact; the separating brake repulsion mechanism comprises: the device comprises a brake separating discharge coil, a fast separating capacitor, a slow separating capacitor, a fast separating trigger thyristor and a slow separating trigger thyristor; the closing repulsion mechanism comprises: the device comprises a closing discharge coil, a closing capacitor and a closing trigger thyristor; the current conversion assembly includes: semiconductor devices and passive devices; the transfer branch is used for breaking current and is formed by connecting a plurality of valve sections in series, and each valve section comprises a plurality of semiconductor devices connected in series; the energy consumption branch circuit is used for dissipating energy and is formed by connecting a plurality of valve sections in series, each valve section comprises a plurality of lightning arresters connected in parallel, all the lightning arresters connected in parallel in each valve section are averagely divided into two groups, and each group is a branch.
Further, the mechanical switch control module includes: two mechanical switch controllers, the two mechanical switch controllers are redundant to each other.
Further, the switch state sensor module adopts a non-contact sensor, and comprises: a position separating sensor, a position closing sensor and a position sensor meeting the pressure resistance.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hybrid dc circuit breaker control protection device, including: the three independent merging units are used for collecting line current, main branch current, transfer branch current, energy consumption branch total current and energy consumption branch current of a main outlet at one end of the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker; control protection host computer includes: the communication module is used for realizing communication with the main branch, the transfer branch, the converter station control equipment and the converter station protection equipment; the protection judgment module is used for carrying out overcurrent judgment on the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker according to the currents of the three independent merging units; the two-out-of-three logic module is used for carrying out overcurrent two-out-of-three logic judgment according to the judgment result of the protection judgment module; the control module realizes the opening and closing time sequence of the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker and the fault judgment of the direct-current circuit breaker equipment; the control module sends a control protection command to a main branch commutation component and a semiconductor component of a transfer branch of the hybrid direct current circuit breaker through the communication module and the interface unit.
Furthermore, the control protection host is in redundant arrangement, one set of device is in an on-duty state, the other set of device is in a standby state, and the control protection host is in cross communication with the mechanical switch controller.
Third aspect, the embodiment of the utility model provides a control protection method of hybrid direct current breaker, based on the embodiment of the utility model provides a second aspect hybrid direct current breaker control protection device to hybrid direct current breaker respectively close the attitude, divide the attitude, open the floodgate in-process and close the floodgate in-process and control the protection.
Further, the control protection process under the on-state of the hybrid direct current circuit breaker comprises the following steps: the control module controls the main branch and the transfer branch to be in a conducting state through the communication module, and detects whether the components of the transfer branch and the main branch are in fault in real time; when detecting that the components of the transfer branch and the main branch have faults and can not complete the switching-off operation, forbidding the circuit breaker to switch off, otherwise, when detecting that the components of the transfer branch and the main branch have no faults, judging whether the line current is greater than the preset current according to the two-out-of-three logic module; when the line current is not greater than the preset current, allowing the breaker to be switched on; and carrying out fast division flow or slow division flow on the circuit breaker according to a fast division or slow division instruction sent by the control protection of the converter station.
Further, the preset current is set according to the breaking capacity of the transfer branch, and is calculated by the following formula:
wherein, I3For a predetermined current, I4Maximum current, t, that the transfer branch of the circuit breaker can breakopenIn order to break the breaking time of the circuit breaker,
is the maximum fault current rise rate, I, of the DC systemmarIs the current margin.
Further, the control protection process in the opening process of the hybrid direct current breaker comprises the following steps: when the control module executes a fast-dividing or slow-dividing flow to the circuit breaker, the control module issues an instruction to turn off the main branch commutation component through the communication module; issuing a slow-division or fast-division instruction of a mechanical switch after a preset waiting time; when the communication module detects that the displacement of the mechanical switch reaches a pressure-resistant position or the transfer branch circuit is in overcurrent, the control module issues an instruction to turn off the transfer branch circuit and turn on the main branch circuit current-changing assembly; judging whether the uneven flow degree between two groups of lightning arresters of each valve section of the energy consumption branch exceeds a preset threshold value or not; when the threshold value is exceeded, the valve section lightning arrester is considered to be broken down, and closing is forbidden; and when the preset threshold value is not exceeded, opening is finished.
Further, the preset waiting time is obtained by real-time calculation of the control module according to the current of the main branch circuit, the parameters of the main branch circuit and the equivalent circuit of the transfer branch circuit, and when the transfer branch circuit has no module which can not flow through due to fault, the preset time t is1Calculated by the following formula:
t1＝t0-tsam-tswd-tcomm+tmar
wherein, t0Current of main branchTime required for 0, tsamFor sample delay, tswdJust-divided delay, t, for the switch to receive a command to produce an opening distance to the fracturecommCommunication delay, t, for the circuit breaker control protection to issue mechanical switching commandsmarIs a latency margin;
when a module which can not realize through-flow due to faults exists in the transfer branch and the breakdown voltage of the faults of the transfer branch is lower than that of the main branch commutation module, the preset time t1Calculated by the following formula:
t1＝tz-tsam-tswd-tcomm+tmar
wherein, tzTime, t, required for the total voltage of the transfer branch fault open circuit module to reach the breakdown voltagesamFor sample delay, tswdIs just delayed time, t, from the moment when the switch receives the command to the moment when the fracture generates the opening distancecommCommunication delay, t, for the circuit breaker control protection to issue mechanical switching commandsmarIs a latency margin.
Further, when the communication module detects that the mechanical switch displacement reaches a position meeting the withstand voltage or the transfer branch circuit is in overcurrent, if the number of the fault modules of the transfer branch circuit exceeds that of the redundant valve section, all modules of the valve section are turned off in a delayed mode, and the delay time is larger than the reduction time of the fault current of the direct current system after the direct current breaker is disconnected.
Further, the step of judging whether the uneven flow degree between two groups of lightning arresters exceeds a preset threshold value comprises the following steps: the protection judging module respectively obtains sampling values of the three sensors to calculate current deviation proportion of the energy consumption branch circuit, judges whether the calculated current deviation proportion exceeds a preset threshold value or not, the two-out-of-three logic module carries out two-out-of-three logic judgment on the three current deviation proportion, if two or more judgment results are exceeded, the valve section lightning arrester of the energy consumption branch circuit is judged to be broken down, closing operation is forbidden, and if all valve sections of the energy consumption branch circuit of the circuit breaker do not exceed the preset threshold value, the breaking process is finished.
Further, the control protection process under the branch state of the hybrid direct current breaker comprises the following steps: the control module enables the mechanical switch of the main branch circuit to be in a breaking state through the communication module, the commutation component is in a conducting state, and the transfer branch circuit is in a breaking state; the control module detects the component states of the main branch and the transfer branch in real time, and when the main branch or the transfer branch fails and causes the breaker not to complete switching-on operation or can complete switching-on operation but can not perform switching-off after switching-on, the breaker is forbidden to switch on.
Further, the control protection process in the switching-on process of the hybrid direct current breaker comprises the following steps: the control module issues an instruction to open a transfer branch and starts timing through the communication module when executing a closing flow; before the preset time is reached, if the circuit breaker equipment has a fault or the line current collected by the current collection module is judged to exceed an overcurrent fixed value through the protection judgment module and the two-out-of-three logic module, the transfer branch is turned off through the communication module, the closing process is stopped, and the opening state is returned; if the preset time is up, equipment failure or line overcurrent does not occur, a mechanical switch instruction is sent through the communication module, and after all fractures of the mechanical switch return closed states within the preset time, closing is completed; and in the preset time, the mechanical switch is not turned back to the state, the direct current breaker is switched off according to the switching-off time sequence, and the switching-off state is returned.
Furthermore, the preset timing time is set according to the time when the overcurrent fixed value is reached after the direct-current line is in ground fault.
Further, the preset time is set according to the longest closing time of the mechanical switch.
Further, the overcurrent constant value is larger than the rated operation current of the direct current system and smaller than the maximum tolerant current of the transfer branch circuit.
The utility model discloses technical scheme has following advantage:
1. the utility model provides a hybrid direct current breaker adopts the segmentation design through transfer branch road and power consumption branch road, reduces the experimental capacity requirement of type, divide electric capacity fast branch and divide slowly through setting up the energy storage electric capacity of dividing electric capacity slowly and dividing electric capacity two sets of different energies soon, the higher electric capacity of energy storage discharges and is used for driving mechanical switch and separating floodgate fast under the system fault condition, the lower electric capacity of energy storage discharges and is used for having no trouble in direct current system, when the separating floodgate operating command is sent by the operation personnel, mechanical switch uses the separating floodgate of slower speed to improve mechanical switch's life-span; the mechanical switch and the transfer branch module are matched more closely by arranging three sets of position sensors; the controller is arranged in a redundant mode, so that the reliability of switch control can be improved.
2. The utility model provides a hybrid direct current breaker's control protection device, with control, protection and three get two judgement function integrated to the control protection host computer, reduced the equipment link, reduced the communication time delay, improved protection response speed, the judged result rate of accuracy that reachs is higher, through carrying out the redundancy setting with the control protection host computer simultaneously, carries out cross communication with interface unit and merging cells, has improved the reliability.
3. The utility model provides a hybrid direct current breaker's control protection method utilizes quick disconnected branch control method, has shortened the state judgement time circuit breaker of disconnected branch in-process and has divided the in-process, through the prejudgement to main tributary way current zero point, has shortened conversion of current and has detected and latency. The situation that the semiconductor devices of the main branch and the transfer branch are damaged is considered in the zero crossing point prejudgment, so that the method has wider applicability. Through increasing intermediate position sensor, whether mechanical switch has reached the opening distance that satisfies the insulation requirement at mechanical switch breaking process fast judgement, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing equipment safety, shortened the separating brake time. Through special setting of the states of the main branch commutation component and the transfer branch of the direct current circuit breaker in the states and the branch states, module faults can be found quickly, and damage to the main branch commutation component module caused by breakdown of a mechanical switch is avoided; and fast division and slow division control logics are arranged, so that the service life of the mechanical switch is prolonged. And the valve section with the fault and the super-redundancy of the transfer branch is delayed to be switched off, so that overvoltage breakdown of a large number of devices is avoided. Through the grouping detection to the arrester electric current, realized the short-term test to the arrester breakdown trouble. By detecting the line current and implementing overcurrent protection in the closed state, the breaker is prevented from breaking the current exceeding the breaking capacity, and equipment damage is avoided. The current of the direct current system and the fault of the breaker equipment are judged in real time in the switching-on process, and the direct current breaker is prevented from being put into operation with the fault or the fault current impacts primary equipment such as a converter valve and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control protection device for a hybrid dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transformer configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of communication connection between the hybrid dc circuit breaker control protection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention and other devices after redundant configuration;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a control protection process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a specific example of a closed state of a hybrid dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of an example of a control protection process in the opening process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a main branch circuit and a branch circuit commutation equivalent circuit when the branch circuit is provided with no module of the semiconductor device failure open circuit;
fig. 10 is an equivalent circuit of the main branch and the transfer branch when the transfer branch has a module with an open circuit due to a fault of the semiconductor device and the breakdown voltage of the fault of the transfer branch is still higher than the breakdown voltage of the main branch commutation module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a control protection process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker in a separated state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a flowchart of an example of a control protection process in a closing process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
An embodiment of the utility model provides a hybrid direct current breaker, as shown in fig. 1, include: main branch road, transfer branch road and power consumption branch road, wherein:
the main branch circuit is used for normal through-flow and comprises a mechanical switch capable of acting at high speed and a converter component, the converter component realizes current transfer of the main branch circuit to the transfer branch circuit and can be formed by combining a fully-controlled semiconductor device and an RC buffer and voltage limiting circuit, voltage can be connected in series in the main branch circuit by switching off the semiconductor device to force the current to flow to the transfer branch circuit, and the main branch circuit converter component adopts a modular design and can be formed by a plurality of modules.
The transfer branch is used for breaking current and is formed by connecting a plurality of valve sections in series, and each valve section comprises a plurality of semiconductor devices connected in series; the embodiment of the utility model provides an in the branch road shifts by semiconductor device such as IGBT and diode or IGCT and diode series-parallel constitute, can divide the fault current and tolerate transient overvoltage, establish ties by a plurality of modules and constitute.
The energy consumption branch circuit is used for dissipating energy and is formed by connecting a plurality of valve sections in series, each valve section comprises a plurality of lightning arresters connected in parallel, all the lightning arresters connected in parallel in each valve section are averagely divided into two groups, and each group is a branch. The embodiment of the utility model provides an in the arrester be can the metal oxide arrester, transfer branch road and power consumption branch road adopt the segmentation design, every section shifts a plurality of module series connection of route and constitutes to parallelly connected with one section arrester, adopt the experimental capacity requirement of segmentation design reducible pattern.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical switch includes: a mechanical switch control module 1, a switch body 2, a separating brake repulsion mechanism 3, a closing brake repulsion mechanism 4 and a switch state sensor module 5, as shown in fig. 2:
the mechanical switch control module 1 comprises two mechanical switch controllers: the mechanical switch controller A and the mechanical switch controller B are mutually redundant, and the reliability of switch control can be improved by means of redundancy arrangement of the controllers. The switch body 2 includes: a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 21, a fixed contact 22 and a movable contact 23. The opening repulsive force mechanism 3 includes: the device comprises a brake separating discharge coil 31, a fast separating capacitor 32, a slow separating capacitor 33, a fast separating trigger thyristor 34 and a slow separating trigger thyristor 35; the slow-dividing capacitor 33 has a smaller capacitance value or a lower charging voltage than the fast-dividing capacitor 32, so that the stored energy is smaller, and the moving contact can be driven to open the brake by smaller energy when triggering discharge. The mechanical switch is driven by electromagnetic repulsion, the two groups of energy storage capacitors with different energies are used for distinguishing fast separation from slow separation, the capacitor with higher energy storage is used for driving the mechanical switch to be rapidly separated under the condition of system failure, the capacitor with lower energy storage is used for being separated at a slower speed when a direct current system has no failure and an operator sends a separating brake operation instruction, so that the service life of the mechanical switch is prolonged. The closing repulsive force mechanism 4 includes: a closing discharge coil 41, a closing capacitor 42 and a closing trigger thyristor 43.
In order to make mechanical switch and the cooperation that shifts between the branch road module inseparabler in the separating brake in-process, turn-off early as far as possible under the prerequisite of ensureing equipment safety and shift the branch road and accomplish the separating brake operation, 3 sets of position sensor of every mechanical switch installation, the embodiment of the utility model provides an on-off state sensor module 5 adopts non-contact sensor, include: the position sensor is divided, the position sensor is closed, and the pressure-resistant position sensor is satisfied. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, each sensor includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit, which are respectively a partial sensor transmitting unit 51, a partial sensor receiving unit 52, an on-position sensor transmitting unit 61, an on-position sensor receiving unit 62, an on-pressure-resistant position sensor transmitting unit 71 and an on-pressure-resistant position sensor receiving unit 72, which are taken as examples only and are not limited thereto, and other non-contact sensors, such as a metal inductive sensor, may be used in other embodiments.
The utility model provides a hybrid direct current breaker adopts the segmentation design through shifting branch road and power consumption branch road, reduces the experimental capacity requirement of type, divide electric capacity and divide fast branch and divide slowly through setting up the energy storage electric capacity of two sets of different energies of dividing electric capacity slowly and dividing fast, the higher electric capacity of energy storage discharges and is used for driving mechanical switch and separating brake fast under the system fault condition, the lower electric capacity of energy storage discharges and is used for having no trouble in direct current system, when the separating brake operating command is sent by the operation personnel, mechanical switch uses the separating brake of slower speed to improve mechanical switch's life-span; the mechanical switch and the transfer branch module are matched more closely by arranging three sets of position sensors; the controller is arranged in a redundant mode, so that the reliability of switch control can be improved.
Example 2
An embodiment of the utility model provides a hybrid direct current breaker control protection device, as shown in fig. 3, include: the three independent merging units (merging unit A, merging unit B and merging unit C) control the protection host and the interface unit, and are all used for collecting line current, main branch current, transfer branch current, energy consumption branch total current and energy consumption branch current of a main outlet at one end of the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker; control protection host computer includes: the communication module is used for realizing communication with the main branch, the transfer branch, the converter station control equipment and the converter station protection equipment; the protection judgment module is used for carrying out overcurrent judgment on the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker according to the currents of the three independent merging units; the two-out-of-three logic module is used for carrying out overcurrent two-out-of-three logic judgment according to the judgment result of the protection judgment module; the control module realizes the opening and closing time sequence of the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker and the fault judgment of the direct-current circuit breaker equipment; the control module sends a control protection command to a main branch commutation component and a semiconductor component of a transfer branch of the hybrid direct current circuit breaker through the communication module and the interface unit.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in the mutual-inductor configuration method as shown in figure 4, at the one end outgoing line of circuit breaker, the main tributary way, transfer the branch road and dispose three sets respectively. The parallel lightning arresters of each section of energy consumption branch are averagely divided into two groups, each group is provided with 1 branch, and three sets of current transformers are respectively arranged on a total loop and 1 branch of the energy consumption branch. The three sets of current sensors at each position are respectively connected to the merging unit A, the merging unit B and the merging unit C, and the three merging units are connected to the breaker control protection A and the breaker control protection B.
In the embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 5, control protection host computer is redundant setting, and control protection host computer A and control protection host computer B, one of them set of device are in the state of on duty, and another set of device is in the stand-by state, and control protection host computer carries out cross communication with the mechanical switch controller. The communication module of each set of control protection device receives the data of the three sets of merging units and is in bidirectional communication with the converter station control protection A, the converter station control protection B, the mechanical switch controller A, the mechanical switch controller B and the interface device, and the interface module is in bidirectional communication with the main branch converter assembly sub-module and the transfer branch sub-module. The interface module forwards the on-duty circuit breaker control protection device instruction to the main branch commutation component submodule and the transfer branch submodule, and does not forward the standby circuit breaker control protection device instruction, and the mechanical switch controller only executes the on-duty circuit breaker control protection device instruction and does not execute the standby circuit breaker control protection device instruction.
Each set of control protection device receives current sampling from the three sets of merging units, and each set of merging pairs is provided with an independent current sensor for sampling the total current of the circuit breaker, the current of the main branch, the transferred branch current and the total loop current of the energy consumption branch, and the branch current of the energy consumption branch. The circuit breaker control protection device judges whether the total current, the main branch current and the transfer branch current of the circuit breaker are over-current or not, and a final conclusion is obtained by adopting a two-out-of-three logic and is used as a basis for over-current protection.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a hybrid direct current breaker's controlling means samples the electric current respectively through three sets of independent electric current merging units, judges with three to get two function integration to controlling means with the protection, has reduced the equipment link, has reduced the communication time delay, has improved protection response speed, and the judged result rate of accuracy that reachs is higher, carries out cross communication through redundant setting controlling means's mode simultaneously, has improved the reliability.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a control protection method for a hybrid direct current circuit breaker, which is based on the control protection device for the hybrid direct current circuit breaker in embodiment 2, and performs control protection on the hybrid direct current circuit breaker in closing, opening, and opening processes, and in closing processes.
The control protection process of the embodiment in the closed state of the hybrid dc circuit breaker, as shown in fig. 6, includes the following steps:
step S11, the control module controls the main branch and the transfer branch to be in a conducting state through the communication module;
step S12, the control module detects whether the components of the branch circuit and the main branch circuit are faulty in real time;
step S13, when the fault of the components of the branch circuit and the main branch circuit is detected, the opening of the breaker is forbidden;
step S14, when detecting that the components of the branch and the main branch have no fault and can not complete the opening operation, forbidding the breaker to open the brake, otherwise, judging whether the line current is larger than the preset current according to the two-out-of-three logic module;
step S15, when the line current is not larger than the preset current, the breaker is allowed to be switched on;
and step S16, performing fast-dividing flow or slow-dividing flow on the circuit breaker according to a fast-dividing or slow-dividing instruction sent by the control protection of the converter station.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the mechanical switch and the commutation component of the main branch are both in a conducting state, after the transfer branch is in the conducting state, it is first detected whether the semiconductor devices of the transfer branch and the commutation component have faults such as abnormal turn-on or not and whether the mechanical switch has a switching-off condition or not, and when none of the faults exist, the two-out-of-three logic module determines whether the line current is greater than a preset current I or not3Specifically, the protection judging module respectively judges whether the sampling values of the three sets of sensors of the line current are greater than I3Then, the three-to-two logic module adopts three-to-two logic to the 3 judgment results, namely if two or more sampling values are more than I3The opening is disabled. When is greater than I3The opening is allowed if the device has a fault or is less than I3And when the switch is closed, the switch is forbidden. And under the conditions of permission and closing, entering a fast-separation or slow-separation flow according to a fast-separation or slow-separation instruction sent by the control protection of the converter station.
In order to prevent the direct current breaker from breaking the current exceeding the breaking capacity and causing equipment damage, the current I is preset3Setting according to the breaking capacity of the branch, I3The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein, I4Maximum current, t, that the transfer branch of the circuit breaker can breakopenIs the breaking time of the circuit breaker,
is the maximum fault current rise rate, I, of the DC systemmarIs the current margin (which may be 1.5kA, for example only, and not limited thereto).
In the embodiment, when the direct current circuit breaker is in a closed state, a communication module of the circuit breaker control protection device receives a circuit breaker slow opening instruction (from non-emergency stop operation of an operator) of the converter station control protection device and the circuit breaker is not forbidden to open, a control module of the circuit breaker control protection device executes a circuit breaker slow opening process; when a communication module of the circuit breaker control protection device receives a circuit breaker fast-separating instruction (non-emergency stop operation from an operator) of the converter station control protection device and the circuit breaker is not forbidden to be separated, a control module of the circuit breaker control protection device executes a circuit breaker fast-separating process. The circuit breaker fast-separating process and the circuit breaker slow-separating process both belong to a device in the switching-off process of the circuit breaker, and the difference lies in that a switching-off instruction sent to a mechanical switch by a circuit breaker control protection device in the slow-separating process is a slow-separating instruction, and a switching-off instruction sent to the mechanical switch by the circuit breaker control protection device in the fast-separating process is a fast-separating instruction.
In the control and protection process of the embodiment in the opening process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker, as shown in fig. 8, the method includes the following steps: when the control module executes a fast-dividing or slow-dividing flow to the circuit breaker, the control module issues an instruction to turn off the main branch commutation component through the communication module; issuing a slow-division or fast-division instruction of a mechanical switch after a preset waiting time; when the communication module detects that the displacement of the mechanical switch reaches a pressure-resistant position or the transfer branch circuit is in overcurrent, the control module issues an instruction to turn off the transfer branch circuit and turn on the main branch circuit current-changing assembly; judging whether the uneven flow degree between two groups of lightning arresters of each valve section of the energy consumption branch exceeds a preset threshold value or not; when the threshold value is exceeded, the valve section lightning arrester is considered to be broken down, and closing is forbidden; and when the preset threshold value is not exceeded, opening is finished.
In this embodiment, the first stage of switching off is from turning off the main branch to issuing the mechanical switch switching-off instruction, and the second stage of switching off is from issuing the mechanical switch switching-off instruction to turning off the transfer instruction. And in the first stage of switching off, if the fault super-redundancy of the mechanical switch is detected, the main branch commutation component is conducted, and the switching-on state is returned.
In this embodiment, the waiting preset time t1And the circuit breaker control protection device is obtained by calculating the equivalent circuit parameters of the main branch circuit current, the main branch circuit and the transfer branch circuit in real time by a control module of the circuit breaker control protection device. According to whether the transfer branch has a module with a fault open circuit of the semiconductor device, the method is divided into two conditions to process:
in the first case: if the transfer branch circuit has no module which can not flow through current due to fault at the stage, the semiconductor devices of the main branch circuit and the transfer branch circuit are equivalent to a voltage source and a resistor which are connected in series, and a commutation equivalent circuit of the main branch circuit and the transfer branch circuit is shown in fig. 9 and comprises the following components according to the circuit principle:
wherein iline，im，itRespectively, line, main branch and transfer branch currents. RmAnd the overall equivalent resistance of the main branch circuit after the commutation component is switched off comprises the overall equivalent resistance of a semiconductor device in the commutation component and the on-resistance of a mechanical switch. L ismThe main branch equivalent inductance is mainly the stray inductance of the main branch wiring. EmIs the overall equivalent voltage source of the semiconductor components in the commutation component. CmAfter the converter component is turned off, the capacitance value of the equivalent capacitance of the main branch is calculated according to the capacitance value of the main branch submodule and the series-parallel relation of the main branch submodule, and a submodule of a fault bypass is removed. RtTo transfer the overall equivalent resistance of the branch semiconductor device. L istThe equivalent inductance of the transfer branch is mainly the stray inductance of the wiring of the transfer branch. EtIs the overall equivalent voltage source of the semiconductor component of the transfer branch. For simplifying operation, neglecting the line current in the commutation processilineChange by a constant value IlineCalculating to obtain the main branch current imTime t required to become 00。
Main branch current imTime t required to become 00The calculation method of (2) can also be simplified as follows:
waiting time t1Calculated using the formula:
t1＝t0-tsam-tswd-tcomm+tmar
wherein, tsamFor sample delay (including sample communication delay), tswdIs just delayed time, t, from the moment when the switch receives the command to the moment when the fracture generates the opening distancecommCommunication delay, t, for the circuit breaker control protection to issue mechanical switching commandsmarTo take the latency margin (e.g., 100 mus). If t is1And if the current value is less than or equal to 0, directly issuing a mechanical switch opening instruction.
In the second case: if the branch circuit has a module which can not flow through the current due to the fault and the breakdown voltage of the fault of the branch circuit is still lower than that of the main branch circuit commutation module, the equivalent circuit of the main branch circuit commutation and the branch circuit commutation is shown in fig. 10, and the equivalent circuit comprises the following components according to the circuit principle:
wherein, CtAnd for the series equivalent capacitance of the fault open circuit module of the semiconductor device of the transfer branch circuit, neglecting the line current change in the commutation process, and the current of the transfer branch circuit at the commutation starting moment is 0. Solving the voltage V of the open circuit module with the fault of the transfer branchctTime t required to reach device breakdown voltagez. The device breakdown voltage can be derived from the semiconductor device data sheet and the number of faulty modules.
Total voltage v of open circuit module for transferring branch circuit faultctTo a breakdown voltage VzRequired time tzThe calculation method of (2) can also be simplified as follows:
waiting time t1Calculated using the formula:
after the control module sends a mechanical switch opening instruction through the communication module, the control module judges a switch position signal in real time, and the transfer branch is disconnected through the communication module when the mechanical switch displacement meets the insulation and voltage resistance requirement or the transfer branch is in overcurrent. When the transfer branch is disconnected, the communication module detects that the displacement of the mechanical switch reaches a pressure-resistant position or the transfer branch is in overcurrent, if the number of fault modules of the transfer branch exceeds that of redundant valve sections, all modules of the valve sections are turned off in a delayed mode, and the delay time is larger than the reduction time of the fault current of the direct-current system after the direct-current circuit breaker is disconnected. (e.g., 100ms) to avoid over-voltage breakdown of the entire valve section that is faulted and over-redundant.
After the control module is used for transferring the branch circuit to be locked, the protection judgment module respectively calculates the current deviation proportion of the energy consumption branch circuit by using the sampling values of the three sets of sensors:
current deviation proportion P of x-th section energy consumption branch calculated by A set of sensorsxa＝|idxa/ida-0.5|；
Current deviation proportion P of x-th section energy consumption branch calculated by B set of sensorsxb＝|idxb/idb-0.5|；
Current deviation proportion P of x-th section energy consumption branch calculated by B set of sensorsxc＝|idxc/idc-0.5|；(x＝1,2...n)
The protection judgment module judges Pxa、Pxb、PxcIf the constant value m is exceeded, the logic module pair P is selected from three to twoxa、Pxb、PxcPerforming a logical judgment of two out of three, namely if two or more judgment results are exceeded, considering the xth section as theThe valve section lightning arrester of the energy consumption branch circuit is broken down, and the switching-on operation is forbidden; and if all valve sections of the energy consumption branch of the circuit breaker do not exceed the threshold value, the breaking process is ended, and the fixed value m is set according to the normal current sharing condition of the arrester product, and can be 0.3 for example.
In this embodiment, the control and protection process in the split state of the hybrid dc circuit breaker includes the following steps in fig. 11:
step S31, the control module makes the mechanical switch of the main branch in the breaking state through the communication module, the commutation component is in the conducting state, and the transfer branch is in the breaking state;
and step S32, the control module detects the component states of the main branch and the transfer branch in real time, and when the main branch or the transfer branch has a fault and the breaker cannot complete the switching-on operation or can complete the switching-on operation but can not perform the switching-off operation any more after the switching-on operation, the breaker is forbidden to be switched on.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in communication module of circuit breaker control protection device when receiving converter station control protection device circuit breaker combined floodgate instruction and circuit breaker and not forbid combined floodgate, circuit breaker control protection device's control module carries out circuit breaker combined floodgate flow. And when the closing process is executed, the state of the breaker is in the closing process.
In the control and protection process of the embodiment in the switching-on process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker, as shown in fig. 12, the method includes the following steps: the control module issues an instruction to open a transfer branch and starts timing through the communication module when executing a closing flow; at the time of reaching the preset time T5Before, if the circuit breaker equipment has a fault, or the line current collected by the current collecting module is judged by the protection judging module, and is judged to exceed the overcurrent fixed value I after being processed by the two-out-of-three logic module5If yes, the transfer branch is turned off through the communication module, the closing process is stopped, and the opening state is returned; if the preset time is up, no equipment fault or line overcurrent occurs, a mechanical switch instruction is sent through the communication module, and all fractures of the mechanical switch are in the preset time T6After all the switching-on states are reported, switching-on is completed; at a preset time T6With mechanical switches in non-return state, according to minutesThe brake time sequence divides the direct current breaker and returns to the brake-off state.
In this embodiment, the time T is timed5According to the over-current constant value I reached after the earth fault of the direct current line5Is set and a certain margin (e.g. 1ms) is taken into account. Over-current constant value I5The rated operation current of the direct current system is larger than the rated operation current of the direct current system and smaller than the maximum tolerance current of the converted direct current, and in order to reduce the stress of equipment under the working condition of direct current fault, the value can be set to be slightly higher than the rated operation current. Waiting time T6The maximum closing time of the mechanical switch is set, and a certain margin (for example, 2ms) is considered. The overcurrent constant value is larger than the rated operation current of the direct current system and is smaller than the maximum tolerant current of the transfer branch circuit.
In the embodiment, in the switching-on process, the pilot pass transfer branch is used for probing whether faults exist in the direct current system and the breaker equipment or not by utilizing the characteristic of flexible switching-on and switching-off of the semiconductor device, and if the faults exist, the direct current system and the breaker equipment can immediately return to the switching-off state, so that the direct current breaker is prevented from being put into operation with the faults or the fault current impacts primary equipment such as a converter valve.
In this embodiment, the control and protection logic of the hybrid dc circuit breaker in the on-off state and the off-on state, and the switching-on and switching-off operation processes are implemented in the circuit breaker control protection device, and the main branch current imTime t required to become 00And the voltage v of the fault open circuit module of the transfer branchctTime t required to reach device breakdown voltagezCan be finished off-line to simplify the program and shorten the program running time.
The control protection method for the hybrid direct current breaker provided by the embodiment utilizes a rapid breaking control method, shortens the state judgment time in the breaking process of the breaker, and shortens the commutation detection and waiting time by pre-judging the current zero point of the main branch circuit. The situation that the semiconductor devices of the main branch and the transfer branch are damaged is considered in the zero crossing point prejudgment, so that the method has wider applicability. Through increasing intermediate position sensor, whether mechanical switch has reached the opening distance that satisfies the insulation requirement at mechanical switch breaking process fast judgement, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing equipment safety, shortened the separating brake time. Through special setting of the states of the main branch commutation component and the transfer branch of the direct current circuit breaker in the states and the branch states, module faults can be found quickly, and damage to the main branch commutation component module caused by breakdown of a mechanical switch is avoided; and fast division and slow division control logics are arranged, so that the service life of the mechanical switch is prolonged. And the valve section with the fault and the super-redundancy of the transfer branch is delayed to be switched off, so that overvoltage breakdown of a large number of devices is avoided. Through the grouping detection to the arrester electric current, realized the short-term test to the arrester breakdown trouble. By detecting the line current and implementing overcurrent protection in the closed state, the breaker is prevented from breaking the current exceeding the breaking capacity, and equipment damage is avoided. The current of the direct current system and the fault of the breaker equipment are judged in real time in the switching-on process, and the direct current breaker is prevented from being put into operation with the fault or the fault current impacts primary equipment such as a converter valve and the like.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A hybrid dc circuit breaker, comprising: main branch road, transfer branch road and power consumption branch road, wherein:
the main branch is used for normal through-current, and it includes mechanical switch and current conversion subassembly, and mechanical switch includes: the mechanical switch control module, the switch body, the opening repulsion mechanism, the closing repulsion mechanism and the switch state sensor module; wherein, the switch body includes: the vacuum arc extinguish chamber, the static contact and the moving contact; the separating brake repulsion mechanism comprises: the device comprises a brake separating discharge coil, a fast separating capacitor, a slow separating capacitor, a fast separating trigger thyristor and a slow separating trigger thyristor; the closing repulsion mechanism comprises: the device comprises a closing discharge coil, a closing capacitor and a closing trigger thyristor; the current conversion assembly includes: semiconductor devices and passive devices;
the transfer branch is used for breaking current and is formed by connecting a plurality of valve sections in series, and each valve section comprises a plurality of semiconductor devices connected in series;
the energy consumption branch circuit is used for dissipating energy and is formed by connecting a plurality of valve sections in series, each valve section comprises a plurality of lightning arresters connected in parallel, all the lightning arresters connected in parallel in each valve section are averagely divided into two groups, and each group is a branch.
2. A hybrid dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical switch control module comprises: two mechanical switch controllers, the two mechanical switch controllers are redundant to each other.
3. A hybrid dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the switch state sensor module employs a non-contact sensor comprising: a position separating sensor, a position closing sensor and a position sensor meeting the pressure resistance.
4. A hybrid DC circuit breaker control protection device, comprising: three independent merging units, a control protection host and an interface unit,
the three independent merging units are used for collecting line current, main branch current, transfer branch current, energy consumption branch total current and energy consumption branch current of a main outlet at one end of the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker;
control protection host computer includes: a communication module, a control module, a protection judgment module and a two-out-of-three logic module, wherein,
the communication module is used for realizing communication with the main branch, the transfer branch, the converter station control equipment and the converter station protection equipment;
the protection judgment module is used for carrying out overcurrent judgment on the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker according to the currents of the three independent merging units;
the two-out-of-three logic module is used for carrying out overcurrent two-out-of-three logic judgment according to the judgment result of the protection judgment module;
the control module realizes the opening and closing time sequence of the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker and the fault judgment of the direct-current circuit breaker equipment;
the control module sends a control protection command to a main branch commutation component and a semiconductor component of a transfer branch of the hybrid direct current circuit breaker through the communication module and the interface unit.
5. A hybrid DC breaker control protection device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the control protection host is a redundant configuration, one set of the device is on duty and the other set of the device is in standby, and the control protection host is in cross communication with the mechanical switch controller.
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| CN201922189772.5U CN210927083U (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Hybrid direct current breaker and control protection device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114019872A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-08 | 中冶赛迪电气技术有限公司 | Circuit breaker opening and closing time sequence and fault judgment logic control system thereof |
| JP2022094931A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-27 | エービービー シュヴァイツ エージー | Hybrid switching apparatus for electric grid |
| CN115085166A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-09-20 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Fast pole-mounted switch, current transfer method, equipment and medium |
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2019
- 2019-12-06 CN CN201922189772.5U patent/CN210927083U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022094931A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-27 | エービービー シュヴァイツ エージー | Hybrid switching apparatus for electric grid |
| JP7277549B2 (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2023-05-19 | エービービー シュヴァイツ エージー | Hybrid switching equipment for power grids |
| CN114019872A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-08 | 中冶赛迪电气技术有限公司 | Circuit breaker opening and closing time sequence and fault judgment logic control system thereof |
| CN114019872B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-11-14 | 中冶赛迪电气技术有限公司 | Circuit breaker opening and closing time sequence and fault judgment logic control system thereof |
| CN115085166A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-09-20 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Fast pole-mounted switch, current transfer method, equipment and medium |
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