CN210895004U - Device for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a device based on many slits expansion record frequency domain holographic imaging, the device includes: the light generator is excited to process the frequency multiplication of the femtosecond laser to obtain fundamental frequency light and frequency multiplication light; processing the frequency doubling light to obtain reference light and detection light; processing the fundamental frequency light to obtain ultrafast event excitation light; the reference light and detection light generating device transmits the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light to the step reflector; the excitation light generating device transmits the ultrafast event excitation light and the detection light to the ultrafast event position simultaneously; a spectrometer, comprising: a step reflector and a concave grating; a two-dimensional spectral information image synthesizer, comprising: the charge coupled device and the two-dimensional spectral information image splicer receive the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction and transmit the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction to the two-dimensional image splicer to splice to obtain a frequency domain holographic two-dimensional spectral information image. The utility model discloses record frequency domain holographic imaging obtains the two-dimensional spectral information image of complete and clear description.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of imaging, in particular to a device for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion.
Background
The frequency domain digital holography can record the process of continuous change of time dimension by a frequency domain-time domain mapping method, and has great application prospect in the field of ultrafast imaging. However, frequency domain digital holography is recorded by a grating spectrometer, when a beam of composite light enters an entrance slit of the grating spectrometer, the beam is firstly converged into parallel light by an optical collimating mirror, then is dispersed into separate wavelengths (colors) by a diffraction grating, and then is imaged into an exit slit by a focusing mirror by utilizing different angles of each wavelength leaving the grating, and the exit wavelength can be accurately changed by computer control.
The grating imaging spectrum technology is a product combining an imaging technology and a spectrum technology, two-dimensional space information and spectrum information of a target object can be obtained through a platform or a scanning mode, a data cube is further formed, and tens to hundreds of narrow wave bands are formed for continuous spectrum measurement through means of dispersion, diffraction, interference and the like for each distinguishable space pixel while space characteristics of an observation target are imaged. The imaging spectral data cube may be implemented by a series of image coordinate transformations and linked individual dimensional spatial coordinates corresponding to the two dimensional spatial location of the target and the location of each band spectral dimension. The slit on the spectrometer is used as a field stop to allow the image of the object to partially pass through, and to block other light from passing through. Therefore, when the image passing through the slit is irradiated onto the dispersion element through the collimating objective, the image can be dispersed according to the wavelength in the direction perpendicular to the slit, and finally focused and imaged on the image plane of the imaging spectrometer by the imaging objective.
To obtain two-dimensional spatial information, scanning is always used for recording, and femtosecond high-speed imaging cannot be realized. The change of the one-dimensional section information along with the frequency is obtained by solving the phase, and then the change of the one-dimensional information along with the time is obtained by the frequency domain-time domain corresponding relation, which is far insufficient for judging the evolution law of the ultrafast process. Due to the limitation of the slit, the change of the refractive index integral quantity of only one spatial dimension in space along with time can be obtained, so that complete imaging and clear description of the whole change process are difficult.
Therefore, how to provide a complete imaging and clearly described scheme for recording a two-dimensional space is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application aims at providing a device for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion, which comprises: an excitation light generator, a reference light and detection light generating device, an excitation light generating device, a spectrometer and a charge coupled device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the excitation light generator is used for processing the femtosecond laser emitted by the femtosecond laser through the frequency multiplier to obtain fundamental frequency light and frequency doubling light; the fundamental frequency light is reflected to a delay line excitation light path through a beam splitting sheet to be processed, ultrafast event excitation light is obtained and is transmitted to the excitation light generation device; the frequency doubling light is transmitted to a Michelson interferometer through the beam splitting piece to be processed, so that reference light and detection light are obtained and are transmitted to a reference light and detection light generating device;
the reference light and detection light generating device is used for reflecting the reference light through a reflector to pass through an ultrafast event position to obtain ultrafast event reference light of an ultrafast event and transmitting the ultrafast event reference light to the step reflector; reflecting the detection light, passing through the ultrafast event position, generating ultrafast event detection light carrying ultrafast event information, and transmitting the ultrafast event detection light to the spectrometer;
the excitation light generating device reflects the ultrafast event excitation light and then reaches the ultrafast event position together with the detection light to excite and generate an ultrafast event;
the spectrometer, comprising: the step reflector is provided with more than or equal to two step mirror surfaces, and the step mirror surfaces of the step reflector irradiate the concave grating from different angles after deflecting the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light; the concave grating is used for splitting the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating with different sections to generate ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction with different angles;
and the charge coupled device receives and records the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction.
Optionally, the concave grating is a concave diffraction grating formed by scribing a series of reflective diffraction gratings scratched equidistantly on a spherical surface or an aspherical surface of the concave grating, and the grating equation is as follows:
the concave diffraction grating receives the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light with different incident angles deflected by the step mirror surface of the step reflector, and the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light with different angles are generated by light splitting and diffracted by the concave diffraction grating.
Optionally, wherein the step mirror, the concave grating and the charge coupled device are located at a rowland circle boundary, wherein,
the step reflector is arranged at the Rowland circle boundary, and the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light are irradiated onto the concave diffraction grating from different angles through more than or equal to two step mirror surfaces;
the concave grating is arranged at the other boundary of the Rowland circle, receives the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light, generates ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction with different angles after light splitting by the concave diffraction grating, and transmits the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction to the charge coupled device;
and the charge coupled device is arranged at the other boundary of the Rowland circle and receives the converged ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction.
Optionally, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a beam delay adjuster comprising: a detection light delay adjusting unit and an exciting light delay adjusting unit;
the detection light delay adjusting unit is connected with the Michelson interferometer and the exciting light delay adjusting unit, the Michelson interferometer is adjusted at preset time intervals, the multiplied light is transmitted to the adjusted Michelson interferometer through the beam splitting piece to be processed, and reference light and detection light are obtained;
and the exciting light delay adjusting unit is connected with the detection light delay adjusting unit and the delay line excitation light path, and adjusts the delay line excitation light path according to the time interval, so that the base frequency light is reflected to the delay line excitation light path through the beam splitting sheet for processing, and the obtained ultrafast event exciting light and the detection light synchronously reach the ultrafast event position.
Optionally, the method further includes: a grating model creating unit and a two-dimensional spectral information image splicing unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the grating model creating unit is connected with the charge coupled device and the two-dimensional spectral information image splicing unit, receives ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction of different angles recorded by the charge coupled device, and restricts and establishes a grating model according to preset detection light and reference light incidence angles and recorded grating sections;
the two-dimensional spectral information image splicing unit is connected with the grating model creating unit, two-dimensional spectral information image data of an optimal solution is obtained by adopting a Monte Carlo simulation algorithm according to the grating model, and a frequency domain holographic two-dimensional spectral information image is obtained by combining and splicing the two-dimensional spectral information image data according to a preset two-dimensional spectral information image synthesis strategy.
The device for recording the frequency domain holographic imaging based on the multi-slit expansion has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method and the device for recording the frequency domain holographic imaging based on the multi-slit expansion are combined with an imaging technology and a spectrum technology, two-dimensional space information and spectrum information of a target object are obtained through a platform or a scanning mode to form a data cube, and dozens or even hundreds of narrow wave bands are formed for continuous spectrum measurement through means of dispersion, diffraction, interference and the like on each distinguishable space pixel while the spatial characteristics of the observed target object are imaged. The imaging spectrum data cube can be realized by a series of image coordinate conversion and linked dimensional space coordinates of each dimension, corresponding to a two-dimensional space position of a target and a position of each waveband spectrum dimension, an image part of an object passes through by using a virtual slit on a spectrometer as a field diaphragm, light of other parts is blocked so that the object cannot pass through, and then the object is irradiated onto a dispersive element through a collimating objective lens, and a complete and clearly described two-dimensional spectrum information image is obtained by dispersive focusing imaging according to wavelength.
(2) The method and the device for recording the frequency domain holographic imaging based on the multi-slit expansion record use a scanning mode for recording, and two-dimensional space spectrum information acquisition which cannot be realized by femtosecond-level high-speed imaging is realized. The spectrum sampling of multiple slits is obtained by adopting the table-board reflecting mirrors with multi-step reflecting mirror surfaces, the spectrum information of multiple tangent planes of the grating is recorded at the same time, and then the spectrum information is combined and spliced into a light beam section to form two-dimensional spectrum information, so that the time change of a one-dimensional space direction detection pulse phase can be obtained, and the evolution process of the two-dimensional space information along with time in the ultrafast process is obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a grating spectrometer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-slit grating spectrometer for extended recording;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of the results of extended recording with a single slit and multi-slit grating spectrometer;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of grating diffraction performed by the step reflector multiple virtual slits and the concave grating based on multiple slit extended recording frequency domain holographic imaging in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a second method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a third method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a fourth method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a fifth method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a concave grating of an apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a multi-slit device of an apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a step mirror in an apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of recording and structure reproduction of an apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a second apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a third apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in this embodiment; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a grating spectrometer; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-slit grating spectrometer for extended recording; FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of the results of extended recording with a single slit and multi-slit grating spectrometer; fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of grating diffraction performed by a multi-virtual slit of a step reflector and a concave grating based on multi-slit extended recording frequency domain holographic imaging in the embodiment. In the embodiment, the process of continuous change of the time dimension is recorded by a frequency domain-time domain mapping method, and the method has a great application prospect in the field of ultrafast imaging. It is difficult to image and clearly describe the entire process. In the method, on the basis of a frequency domain digital holographic imaging method, multi-slit spectrum recording frequency domain digital holography and multi-angle chromatography recording frequency domain digital holography are developed through expansion of space recording dimensionality, and the space dimensionality of the frequency domain holography is expanded to two dimensions. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
101, processing femtosecond laser emitted by a femtosecond laser through a frequency multiplier to obtain fundamental frequency light and frequency multiplied light; transmitting the frequency doubling light to a Michelson interferometer through a beam splitting piece to be processed, and obtaining reference light and detection light; and reflecting the fundamental frequency light to a delay line excitation light path through a beam splitting sheet to be processed to obtain ultrafast event excitation light. The beam splitting piece has the characteristics of high reflection of fundamental frequency light and high transmission of frequency doubling light. The delay line is used for adjusting the synchronization of the excitation light and the detection light, and ensuring that the detection light just arrives when an ultrafast event occurs.
103, reflecting the ultrafast event excitation light and the detection light to the ultrafast event position simultaneously, and exciting the ultrafast event excitation light to generate an ultrafast event; the detection light generates ultrafast event detection light carrying ultrafast event information through the ultrafast event and transmits the ultrafast event detection light to the step reflector.
Alternatively, ultrafast event excitation light may be focused through a lens to excite air with concentrated energy of ultrafast event excitation light to generate plasma, or other materials such as glass, cs2, etc. may be excited to generate the desired ultrafast process to be recorded.
The reference light is earlier in time than the excitation light, based on the time of the ultrafast event, i.e. at the location of the irregularity pattern in the figure, where no ultrafast event is generated initially, before the event is excited, the reference light passes through the location of the ultrafast event, then the excitation light excites the event, and the probe light also reaches the location of the ultrafast event.
When the excitation light excites the ultrafast event, the detection light just reaches the position where the ultrafast event is generated, and then the detection light passes through the ultrafast event, which also carries the information of the ultrafast event, and may at least include: amplitude information and phase information.
104, irradiating the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light to the concave grating from different angles through deflection of a step mirror surface of the step reflector; ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating of different cross sections are split by the concave grating to generate ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction of different angles.
And 105, receiving and recording ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction by using a charge coupled device, and combining and splicing by using a preset two-dimensional spectral information image synthesis strategy to obtain a frequency domain holographic two-dimensional spectral information image.
Optionally, the overall content of the method in this embodiment is as follows: the 10Hz and 800nm Ti: S ultrashort pulse laser with 25fs outputs pulse energy of 25mJ, the output pulse is divided into two beams, one beam is used for scanning imaging (5 mJ), and the beam is stretched (the maximum value of the instrument is designed to be 20ps and is adjustable) through a pulse stretcher and then is used for illuminating an ultrafast event to be detected through a time delay. The other beam is used for framing imaging and generating ultrafast events, and the beam passes through a broadband frequency multiplier (SHG) with a conversion efficiency of about 20%. A wavelength beam splitter (WS) thereafter separates the frequency-doubled pulse from the fundamental light. The fundamental wave light triggers an ultrafast event through an optical system; and the second harmonic is input into the framing imaging system to be used as a switching pulse and a pumping pulse for parametric amplification imaging. The framing imaging system realizes 8 imaging with high spatial resolution based on a non-collinear optical parametric amplification imaging principle; the scanning imaging system is based on a novel extended frequency domain holographic principle to realize tomography of one-dimensional continuous time scanning; the framing imaging and the scanning imaging are optically synchronous without parallax error.
In some optional embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic flow chart of a second method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in this embodiment, different from fig. 1, ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light are irradiated to a concave grating from different angles through step mirror deflection of a step mirror, and ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating beams with different cross sections are split by the concave grating to generate ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction with different angles, that is:
In some optional embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, which is a schematic flow chart of a third method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in this embodiment, different from fig. 6, the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light are irradiated to the concave diffraction grating from different angles through step mirror deflection of the step mirror, and the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating with different cross sections are split by the concave diffraction grating to generate ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction with different angles, that is:
And step 702, transmitting the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light to a step reflector, and irradiating the step reflector onto the concave diffraction grating from different angles after passing through more than or equal to two step mirror surfaces.
And 703, generating ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light gratings with different angles after light splitting by the concave diffraction grating, and converging the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light gratings at the arrangement position of the charge coupled device of the Rowland circle.
In some optional embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic flow chart of a fourth method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in this embodiment, different from fig. 1, the doubled light is transmitted to a michelson interferometer through a beam splitter to obtain reference light and probe light; the fundamental frequency light is reflected to a delay line excitation light path through a beam splitting sheet to be processed, and ultrafast event excitation light is obtained, wherein the ultrafast event excitation light comprises the following components:
Optionally, it can also be set as: the corresponding relation between the time interval between the reference light and the detection light and the characteristics of different ultrafast events is preset, and when the ultrafast events excited by different objects or different object scenes are detected, the time interval of the corresponding ultrafast event is selected based on the characteristics of the ultrafast events to adjust the Michelson interferometer. Preferably, a model relationship between the ultrafast event characteristics and the time interval between the reference light and the probe light may be created in advance by combining with the neural network, and when the ultrafast event is detected, the corresponding time interval adjustment michelson interferometer is automatically obtained according to the model relationship.
And 802, adjusting a delay line excitation light path according to the time interval, so that the base frequency light is reflected to the delay line excitation light path through the beam splitting sheet for processing, and the obtained ultrafast event excitation light and the detection light synchronously reach the ultrafast event position.
The synchronous time control of the detection light and the excitation light can be realized by adjusting a delay line, the time sequence of the reference light and the detection light is adjusted by the distance between the two Michelson reflectors M1 and M2 relative to the BS2, and the longer the distance is, the longer the light transmission time is, and the larger the time difference is generated.
In some optional embodiments, as shown in fig. 9, which is a schematic flow chart of a fifth method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in this embodiment, different from fig. 1, the method includes receiving and recording ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction by using a charge coupled device, and obtaining a two-dimensional spectral information image of frequency domain holographic by combining and splicing a preset two-dimensional spectral information image synthesis strategy, where:
and 901, receiving and recording ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction at different angles by using a charge coupled device, and establishing a grating model in a constrained manner according to preset detection light and reference light incidence angles and recorded grating sections.
And 902, obtaining two-dimensional spectral information image data of an optimal solution by adopting a Monte Carlo simulation algorithm according to the grating model, and combining and splicing the two-dimensional spectral information image data by a preset two-dimensional spectral information image synthesis strategy to obtain a frequency domain holographic two-dimensional spectral information image.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 10 to 14, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in this embodiment; FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a concave grating of an apparatus for multi-slit extended recording frequency domain holographic imaging; FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a step mirror of an apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion according to the present embodiment; FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a step mirror in the apparatus for recording frequency-domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in this embodiment; fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of recording and structure reproduction of an apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in the present embodiment. The device can be used for implementing the method for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion, and particularly, the device for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion comprises the following steps: an excitation light generator 1001, a reference light and probe light generating device 1002, an excitation light generating device 1003, a spectrometer 1004, and a two-dimensional spectral information image synthesizer 1005.
Wherein, the excitation light generator 1001 processes the femtosecond laser emitted by the femtosecond laser through the frequency multiplier to obtain fundamental frequency light and frequency-doubled light; the multiplied light is transmitted to a michelson interferometer 1011 through a beam splitter BS1 to be processed, so as to obtain reference light and detection light, and the reference light and the detection light are transmitted to the reference light and detection light generating device 1002; the fundamental frequency light is reflected to the delay line excitation light path 1021 through the beam splitting plate to be processed, so as to obtain ultrafast event excitation light, and the ultrafast event excitation light is transmitted to the excitation light generation device 1003. In the figure, M is a reflector, BS1 is a beam splitter, and the CCD is a charge coupled device.
A michelson interferometer, comprising: for a single wavelength beam splitter BS2 and two mirrors M1 and M2 for the doubled light, the doubled light propagates to BS2, 50% of the light is reflected by BS2 to mirror M1, and the other 50% of the light is transmitted through BS2 to the other M2. Two beams of light are generated, one beam is reflected by BS2, the other beam is transmitted by BS2, then the two beams of light are reflected by respective reflectors and return to BS2, the light originally reflected by BS2 reaches BS2 after being reflected by M1 and is transmitted downwards, the light originally transmitted by BS2 is reflected by M2 and returns to BS2 and is reflected, so that the two beams of light become the same direction and still form two beams of light, wherein one beam of light is used as probe light or object light (probe light/object light), and the other beam of light is used as reference light.
The reference light and detection light generating device 1002 is used for reflecting the reference light through a reflector to pass through the ultrafast event position to obtain ultrafast event reference light of the ultrafast event and transmitting the ultrafast event reference light to the step reflector; the detection light passes through the ultrafast event position after being reflected, and ultrafast event detection light carrying ultrafast event information is generated and transmitted to a step reflector of the spectrometer 1004.
The excitation light generating device 1003 reflects the ultrafast event excitation light and then reaches the ultrafast event position together with the detection light to generate an ultrafast event.
A spectrometer 1004, comprising: the system comprises a step reflector 1041 and a concave grating 1042, wherein the step reflector 1041 is provided with more than or equal to two step mirror surfaces 1043, the step mirror surfaces 1043 of the step reflector deflect ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light and then irradiate the concave grating 1042 from different angles; the concave grating 1042 splits the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating with different cross sections to generate ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction with different angles, and transmits the diffracted light to the two-dimensional spectral information image synthesizer 1005.
A two-dimensional spectral information image synthesizer 1005 including: the system comprises a charge coupled device 1051 and a two-dimensional spectral information image splicer 1052, wherein the charge coupled device 1051 receives and records ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction and transmits the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction to the two-dimensional image splicer 1052; and the two-dimensional image splicer 1052 combines and splices the two-dimensional spectral information image of the frequency domain hologram according to a preset two-dimensional spectral information image synthesis strategy.
In some alternative embodiments, the concave grating 1042 is a concave diffraction grating formed by scribing a series of reflective diffraction gratings scribed at equal distances on a spherical or aspherical surface of the concave grating, and the grating equation is:
In some alternative embodiments, in the apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion, the step mirror 1041 is disposed at the boundary of the rowland circle, and the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event probe light are irradiated onto the concave diffraction grating 1042 from different angles through two or more step mirrors 1043.
The concave grating 1042 is disposed at the other boundary of the rowland circle, receives the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light, generates ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light at different angles after being split by the concave diffraction grating, and transmits the diffracted light to the charge coupled device 1051.
The ccd 1051 is disposed at another boundary of the rowland circle, receives the converged ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction, and transmits the converged ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction to the two-dimensional spectral information image combiner 1052.
The adjacent step interval of the step reflector is determined according to a preset size, so that the step mirror surface on the step is arranged at the Rowland circle boundary, for example, the size of the step reflector is 25mm × 8mm, the adjacent step interval is 1mm, in order to reflect the light which is injected in parallel to the same position of the concave grating, the slope angle of 8 step mirrors is 31 degrees, 32 degrees, 33 degrees, 34 degrees, 35 degrees, 36 degrees, and the value of the slope angle is the included angle between the mirror surface and the horizontal plane.
The step mirror deflects light to reflect the light to the concave grating, and the concave grating focuses the light beam on different positions of the CCD, which is equivalent to that different positions of the recording surface of the CCD camera record different slit spectrum images, which can be recorded by one CCD, for example, the above multi-slit structure diagram, and the images of different steps (relative to different slits) are imaged on different positions on the CCD, or recorded on different positions by a plurality of CCDs (for example, CCD1, CCD2, CCD3 in fig. 10).
In some optional embodiments, as shown in fig. 15, which is a schematic structural diagram of a second apparatus for recording frequency-domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in this embodiment, different from fig. 10, the apparatus for recording frequency-domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion further includes: a beam delay adjuster 1101, comprising: a detection light delay adjusting unit 1111 and an excitation light delay adjusting unit 1112.
The detection light delay adjusting unit 1111 is connected to the michelson interferometer 1011 and the excitation light delay adjusting unit 1112, and configured to adjust the michelson interferometer at a preset time interval, and transmit the multiplied light to the adjusted michelson interferometer through the beam splitter to obtain the reference light and the detection light.
The excitation light delay adjusting unit 1112 is connected to the detection light delay adjusting unit 1111 and the delay line excitation light path 1021, and adjusts the delay line excitation light path according to the time interval, so that the fundamental frequency light is reflected to the delay line excitation light path through the beam splitting sheet for processing, and the obtained ultrafast event excitation light and the detection light synchronously reach the ultrafast event position.
In some optional embodiments, as shown in fig. 16, which is a schematic structural diagram of a third apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in this embodiment, different from fig. 10, the two-dimensional spectral information image splicer 1052 includes: a grating model creating unit 1201 and a two-dimensional spectral information image stitching unit 1202.
The grating model creating unit 1201 is connected to the charge coupled device 1051 and the two-dimensional spectral information image stitching unit 1202, receives grating diffraction of the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light at different angles recorded by the charge coupled device, and creates a grating model in a constrained manner according to preset incidence angles of the detection light and the reference light and recorded grating sections.
The two-dimensional spectral information image splicing unit 1202 is connected with the grating model creating unit 1201, and obtains two-dimensional spectral information image data of an optimal solution by adopting a monte carlo simulation algorithm according to the grating model, and obtains a frequency domain holographic two-dimensional spectral information image by combining and splicing the two-dimensional spectral information image data according to the two-dimensional spectral information image data by a preset two-dimensional spectral information image synthesis strategy.
The method and the device for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion in the embodiment have the following beneficial effects:
and synthesizing the result of the change of the chromatographic two-dimensional space phase along with time, wherein the phase in one-dimensional direction in the space changes along with the time dimension in each angle frequency domain holography, and synthesizing by using the frequency domain holography results of different angles to obtain the change relation of the whole space two-dimensional refractive index along with time.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (5)
1. An apparatus for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion, comprising: an excitation light generator, a reference light and detection light generating device, an excitation light generating device, a spectrometer and a charge coupled device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the excitation light generator is used for processing the femtosecond laser emitted by the femtosecond laser through the frequency multiplier to obtain fundamental frequency light and frequency doubling light; the fundamental frequency light is reflected to a delay line excitation light path through a beam splitting sheet to be processed, ultrafast event excitation light is obtained and is transmitted to the excitation light generation device; the frequency doubling light is transmitted to a Michelson interferometer through the beam splitting piece to be processed, so that reference light and detection light are obtained and are transmitted to a reference light and detection light generating device;
the reference light and detection light generating device is used for reflecting the reference light through a reflector to pass through an ultrafast event position to obtain ultrafast event reference light of an ultrafast event and transmitting the ultrafast event reference light to the step reflector; reflecting the detection light, passing through the ultrafast event position, generating ultrafast event detection light carrying ultrafast event information, and transmitting the ultrafast event detection light to the spectrometer;
the excitation light generating device reflects the ultrafast event excitation light and then reaches the ultrafast event position together with the detection light to excite and generate an ultrafast event;
the spectrometer, comprising: the step reflector is provided with more than or equal to two step mirror surfaces, and the step mirror surfaces of the step reflector irradiate the concave grating from different angles after deflecting the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light; the concave grating is used for splitting the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating with different sections to generate ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction with different angles;
and the charge coupled device receives and records the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction.
2. The apparatus for multi-slit extended recording frequency domain holographic imaging according to claim 1, wherein the concave grating is a concave diffraction grating formed by a reflective diffraction grating scribed with a series of equidistant scratches on a spherical surface or an aspherical surface of the concave grating, and the grating equation is as follows:
the concave diffraction grating receives the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light with different incident angles deflected by the step mirror surface of the step reflector, and the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light with different angles are generated by light splitting and diffracted by the concave diffraction grating.
3. The apparatus for multi-slit extended recording frequency domain holographic imaging according to claim 2, wherein the step mirror, disposed at the Rowland circle boundary, irradiates the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event probe light onto the concave diffraction grating from different angles through two or more step mirrors;
the concave grating is arranged at the other boundary of the Rowland circle, receives the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light, generates ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction with different angles after light splitting by the concave diffraction grating, and transmits the ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction to the charge coupled device;
and the charge coupled device is arranged at the other boundary of the Rowland circle and receives the converged ultrafast event reference light and the ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction.
4. The apparatus for multi-slit extension-based recording frequency-domain holographic imaging according to claim 1, further comprising: a beam delay adjuster comprising: a detection light delay adjusting unit and an exciting light delay adjusting unit;
the detection light delay adjusting unit is connected with the Michelson interferometer and the exciting light delay adjusting unit, the Michelson interferometer is adjusted at preset time intervals, the multiplied light is transmitted to the adjusted Michelson interferometer through the beam splitting piece to be processed, and reference light and detection light are obtained;
and the exciting light delay adjusting unit is connected with the detection light delay adjusting unit and the delay line excitation light path, and adjusts the delay line excitation light path according to the time interval, so that the base frequency light is reflected to the delay line excitation light path through the beam splitting sheet for processing, and the obtained ultrafast event exciting light and the detection light synchronously reach the ultrafast event position.
5. The apparatus for multi-slit extension-based recording frequency-domain holographic imaging according to claim 1, further comprising: a grating model creating unit and a two-dimensional spectral information image splicing unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the grating model creating unit is connected with the charge coupled device and the two-dimensional spectral information image splicing unit, receives ultrafast event reference light and ultrafast event detection light grating diffraction of different angles recorded by the charge coupled device, and restricts and establishes a grating model according to preset detection light and reference light incidence angles and recorded grating sections;
the two-dimensional spectral information image splicing unit is connected with the grating model creating unit, two-dimensional spectral information image data of an optimal solution is obtained by adopting a Monte Carlo simulation algorithm according to the grating model, and a frequency domain holographic two-dimensional spectral information image is obtained by combining and splicing the two-dimensional spectral information image data according to a preset two-dimensional spectral information image synthesis strategy.
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| CN110967958B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2024-05-24 | 深圳大学 | Method and device for recording frequency domain holographic imaging based on multi-slit expansion |
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