CN210867515U - Flyback switching power supply supporting wide output voltage range - Google Patents
Flyback switching power supply supporting wide output voltage range Download PDFInfo
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- CN210867515U CN210867515U CN201922228883.2U CN201922228883U CN210867515U CN 210867515 U CN210867515 U CN 210867515U CN 201922228883 U CN201922228883 U CN 201922228883U CN 210867515 U CN210867515 U CN 210867515U
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Abstract
The application relates to a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range, which belongs to the technical field of power supplies and comprises a power supply circuit, a first error amplifier, a second error amplifier, a pulse width modulation circuit, a phase inverter, a delay adjusting circuit, a driving circuit, an AND gate circuit and a control switch; the problem that when the output voltage of the flyback switching power supply changes, the working voltage of a switching power supply chip is insufficient or too high can be solved; because the power supply chip can be powered by the time division multiplexing technology, the energy on the coil is flexibly utilized, and when the secondary coil is conducted, the energy on the coil is firstly used for providing power supply output; when the auxiliary coil is conducted, the residual energy on the coil is used for providing working voltage for the primary side switching power supply chip; the waste of coil energy by a switching power supply chip is avoided. The application has wide output range, simple working principle and convenient realization.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range, and belongs to the technical field of power supplies.
Background
In recent years, as the variety of electronic products increases, a general-purpose charger becomes a necessary trend, and a charger supporting a Power transfer protocol (USB-PD) protocol can satisfy the demand. The charger can quickly charge the terminals such as a mobile phone, a notebook computer and a tablet computer (maximum power of 100W) through the Type-C connector. Meanwhile, when the terminal does not support quick charging or does not adopt a Type-C connector, the charger supporting the wide output voltage range can also charge the terminal with low power, so that the charger supporting the wide output voltage range allows a very wide output voltage range. The flyback switching power supply has the advantages of high safety, low cost, simple peripheral circuit and the like, and is very widely applied.
In a typical flyback switching power supply, the power supply of the switching power supply chip generally comes from the induced voltage of the auxiliary coil, because the system always tries to keep the output voltage stable, the induced voltage of the auxiliary coil is limited by the voltage of the secondary coil due to the same phase with the output coil, and at the lowest output voltage (for example, when the USB PD charger works at the initial 5V output voltage), a corresponding and sufficient auxiliary coil voltage is needed to avoid insufficient power supply; when the output voltage of the flyback switching power supply is high (for example, when the USB PD charger operates at 20V output voltage), the induced voltage on the auxiliary coil must also become very high, and in order to ensure that the power supply of the chip is within the allowable range, the induced voltage on the auxiliary coil needs to take necessary limiting measures (for example, a series regulator is used) to make the power supply voltage of the chip not higher than the allowable voltage value, which will waste a part of the coil energy, thereby reducing the efficiency of the flyback switching power supply, increasing the power consumption of the flyback switching power supply, and simultaneously the series regulator circuit generates a large amount of heat.
The utility model provides a support wide output voltage range's flyback switching power supply, this power only need increase a simple control circuit, just can satisfy the power and enlarge the back at the output voltage range, and this power chip also can obtain a normal operating voltage through the induced voltage on the auxiliary coil.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range, which can solve the problem that when the output voltage of the power supply changes, the working voltage of a switching power supply chip is insufficient or too high; the application provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range is provided, where the flyback switching power supply supporting the wide output voltage range includes a switching power supply chip, and the switching power supply chip includes:
the power supply circuit is used for generating low-voltage for internal work of the switching power supply chip;
the first error amplifier is connected with the first power supply output end of the power supply circuit at the first non-inverting input end, and a first pin of the switching power supply chip is led out at the first inverting input end;
the second error amplifier is connected with the second power supply output end of the power supply circuit at a second in-phase input end and leads out a second pin of the switching power supply chip at a second reverse-phase input end;
the first signal input end is connected with the output end of the first error amplifier, and the second signal input end is led out of the pulse width modulation circuit of the third pin of the switching power supply chip;
the inverter circuit is connected with the output end of the pulse width modulation circuit;
the driving circuit is connected with the output end of the pulse width modulation circuit; a fifth pin of the switching power supply chip is led out from the output end of the driving circuit;
the input end of the delay adjusting circuit is respectively connected with the output end of the first error amplifier and the output end of the second error amplifier;
the input end of the AND circuit is respectively connected with the output end of the delay adjusting circuit, the output end of the inverter circuit and the third power supply output end of the power supply circuit; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the control switch is connected with the output end of the AND gate circuit and is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the fourth power supply output end of the power supply circuit and the fourth pin of the switching power supply chip.
Optionally, the switching power supply chip further includes a ground pin.
Optionally, the power circuit further includes a working voltage output terminal and a power input terminal.
Optionally, the delay adjusting circuit outputs a square wave signal after delaying for a time; wherein the delay time length and the output voltage of the second error amplifier are in a negative correlation relationship; and is in positive correlation with the output voltage of the first error amplifier.
In a second aspect, a charging method is provided, which is used in the flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range provided in the first aspect, and the method includes:
when a secondary side coil of the flyback switching power supply is conducted, determining a delay time length based on the output voltage of the first error amplifier and the output voltage of the second error amplifier, wherein the delay time length is in a positive correlation relation with the output voltage of the first error amplifier and in a negative correlation relation with the output voltage of the second error amplifier;
within the delay time, providing output voltage for the load through the secondary coil;
and controlling the control switch to be closed when the current time length reaches the delay time length, and storing energy into the energy storage capacitor by an auxiliary coil of the flyback switching power supply.
Optionally, on a falling edge of the pwm signal output by the pwm circuit, the second error amplifier compares the voltage signal sampled through the second pin with a second reference voltage output by the second voltage output terminal, and generates a second error amplified signal;
and combining the second error amplification signal with the first error amplification signal output by the first error amplifier to obtain a delay control square wave signal with the delay duration, wherein the delay control square wave signal is used for generating a control signal for controlling the control switch.
The beneficial effect of this application lies in: the method comprises the steps that a delay adjusting circuit is additionally arranged in a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range, and the delay time of a square wave signal is determined by the delay adjusting circuit according to a first error amplification signal and a second error amplification signal; the auxiliary side coil of the flyback switching power supply provides output voltage for a load to charge in the time delay duration, and when the time delay duration reaches the position of the square wave signal, the residual energy of the transformer charges the energy storage capacitor through the auxiliary coil; the problem that the working voltage of the flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range is insufficient or too high when the output voltage of the power supply changes can be solved; because the energy on the coil can be flexibly utilized through the time division multiplexing technology, when the secondary coil is conducted, the energy on the secondary coil is firstly used for providing power output; when the auxiliary coil is conducted, the residual energy on the secondary coil is used for providing working voltage for the primary side switching power supply chip; the waste of the energy of the secondary side coil by the switching power supply chip is avoided; when the auxiliary coil supplies power to the chip, the voltage of the coil is forcibly pulled down to the level of the voltage of the chip, the current is used for charging the power supply capacitor of the chip, and at the moment, the output diode is reversely biased to be cut off.
In addition, the flyback switching power supply using the switching power supply chip can ensure a wide range of voltage output, and can be used as a charger supporting a wide output voltage range (for example, a USB PD charger, a lithium ion battery pack charger, or the like).
In addition, the integration level of the switching power supply chip is high, peripheral devices do not need to be added, an active control technology is adopted, a control circuit is simple, and the switching power supply chip is suitable for all flyback switching power supplies.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present application more clear and clear, and to implement the technical solutions according to the content of the description, the following detailed description is made with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional flyback charging power supply according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a switching power chip in a flyback switching power supply that supports a wide output voltage range;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flyback switching power supply circuit supporting a wide output voltage range
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of internal signals of a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a charging method of a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present application will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present application but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
First, terms referred to in the present application will be explained.
USB-PD protocol: according to the USB Power Delivery Power transmission protocol, the standard voltages of the USB Power Delivery Power transmission protocol are 5V, 9V, 15V and 20V, the corresponding standard currents are shown in Table 1, and Table 1 shows standard voltage current pairs.
TABLE 1
In addition to the standard voltage and current, the charger may be optimized to provide a programmable power output based on the particular terminal. For the USB-PD protocol, each fixed standard voltage level corresponds to a programmable voltage range, and the corresponding relationship is shown in table 2 below, where table 2 shows the programmable charging voltage range.
TABLE 2
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional flyback switching power supply, and as shown in fig. 1, the flyback switching power supply includes a switching power supply chip 11, a primary coil 12, a secondary coil 13, and an auxiliary coil 14.
The primary coil 12, the secondary coil 13, and the auxiliary coil 14 are mutually inductive (the auxiliary coil 14 and the secondary coil 13 are shown separately in fig. 1 for convenience of illustration, and the primary coil 12, the secondary coil 13, and the auxiliary coil 14 are integrated in actual implementation).
The operation principle of the flyback switching power supply is as follows: when K2 is closed and the primary coil 12 is conducted, the secondary coil 13 and the auxiliary coil 14 are disconnected; the input end of the flyback switching power supply stores electric quantity for the coil; when the K2 is switched off and the primary coil is switched off, the primary coil 12 mutually inducts the stored electric quantity to the secondary coil 13; the secondary winding 13 provides an output voltage and transforms part of the energy to the auxiliary winding 14; the auxiliary winding 14 charges a capacitor C1 to supply power to the switching power supply chip 11.
As can be seen from the above operation principle, the switching power supply chip 11 supplies power from the induced voltage of the auxiliary coil 14. The voltage induced in the auxiliary winding 14 is determined by the voltage of the secondary winding 13 and the turns ratio between the secondary winding and the auxiliary winding.
When the power supply outputs a voltage VOUTAt higher, the induced voltage on the auxiliary coil 14 becomes higher. The chip operating voltage provided by the induced voltage on the auxiliary winding 14 is not too high, which wastes a part of the coil energy, and thus reduces the power efficiency and increases the power consumption of the power supply.
When the power supply outputs a voltage VOUTAt lower levels, the induced voltage on the auxiliary coil 14 becomes lower. When the induced voltage cannot make the switching power supply chip 11 generate a signal for controlling the power switch, the power supply cannot work normally.
Based on the above problem, the present application provides a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range and a charging method of the flyback switching power supply.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a switching power supply chip in a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range according to an embodiment of the present application, where the switching power supply chip includes: a power supply circuit 21; a delay adjustment circuit 26, a pulse width modulation circuit 24, a first error amplifier 22, a second error amplifier 23, a drive circuit 29, an inverter 25, an and circuit 27, and a control switch 28.
The first error amplifier 22 includes a first non-inverting input terminal, a first inverting input terminal, and an output terminal. The first non-inverting input terminal is connected to the first power output terminal of the power circuit 21, and the first inverting input terminal leads out a first pin (VFB) of the switching power supply chip.
The second error amplifier 23 includes a second non-inverting input terminal, a second inverting input terminal, and an output terminal. The second non-inverting input terminal is connected to the second power output terminal of the power circuit 21, and the second inverting input terminal leads out a second pin (VCC) of the switching power supply chip.
The pulse width modulation circuit 24 includes a first signal input, a second signal input, and an output. The first signal input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first error amplifier 22, and the second signal input terminal is led to the third pin (CS) of the switching power supply chip.
An input terminal of the inverter circuit 25 and an input terminal of the driver circuit 29 are connected to an output terminal of the pulse width modulation circuit 24. The output end of the driving circuit 29 leads out a fifth pin (DRV) of the switching power supply chip.
The input terminal of the delay adjusting circuit 26 is connected to the output terminal of the first error amplifier 22 and the output terminal of the second error amplifier 23, respectively.
The input terminal of the gate circuit 27 is connected to the output terminal of the delay adjusting circuit 26, the output terminal of the inverter circuit 25, and the third power supply output terminal of the power supply circuit 21, respectively.
The control switch 28 is connected to the output of the and circuit 27. The control switch 28 is used to control connection or disconnection between the second pin (VCC) and the fourth pin (Vin).
The switching power supply chip further comprises a grounding pin (GND).
The power circuit further comprises a working voltage output terminal (VDD) and a power input terminal.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range according to an embodiment of the present application, where the flyback switching power supply uses the switching power supply chip shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 3, a fourth pin (Vin) of the switching power chip is connected to the first diode D1, a second pin (VCC) of the switching power chip is connected to the capacitor C1, a first pin (VFB) of the switching power chip is connected to the resistors R1 and R2, a third pin (CS) of the switching power chip is connected to the switch K2 and the resistor R3, and a fifth pin (DRV) of the switching power chip controls the switch K2.
The operation principle of the flyback switching power supply supporting the wide output voltage range comprises the following steps: when the pwm signal generates the SW ═ 0 signal (falling edge signal), K2 is turned off, and the second error amplifier 23 outputs a second error amplified signal eaout2 between the VCC signal input from the second pin and the second reference voltage Vref 2; the first error amplifier 22 outputs a first error amplified signal eaout1 between the feedback voltage VFB inputted from the first pin and a first reference voltage Vref 1; the first error amplified signal eaout1 and the second error amplified signal eaout2 are simultaneously input to the delay adjusting circuit 26. The delay adjusting circuit 26 outputs the square wave signal S _ dly after a delay time period, where the delay time period is in a positive correlation with the voltage of the first error amplified signal eaout1, and the delay time period is in a negative correlation with the voltage of the second error amplified signal eaout 2.
Based on the above process, the control signal for controlling the switch 28 can be obtained by the delay adjusting circuit 26 through the delay time period. After the control switch 28 is closed, the current on the auxiliary winding 33 starts to charge the capacitor 32. Therefore, when the output voltage of the flyback switching power supply is higher, the energy on the secondary coil 35 firstly charges the output capacitor C2 within the time delay duration to provide stable output voltage for the load; when the square wave signal output by the delay adjusting circuit 26 is reached, the energy remained on the secondary coil 35 charges the energy storage capacitor 32 through the auxiliary coil 33, so that a proper working voltage is provided for the flyback switching power supply chip supporting the wide output voltage range, and the problem that the working voltage of the flyback switching power supply chip supporting the wide output voltage range is insufficient or too high when the output voltage of the flyback switching power supply is changed can be solved.
Refer to fig. 4 for a waveform diagram of internal signals of a flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range. I isonThe corresponding waveform is the current on the primary coil, IoffThe corresponding waveform is the current on the secondary coil or the auxiliary coil, when the pulse width modulation signal SW is at a high level, K2 is closed, only the primary coil has the current, when the pulse width modulation signal SW is at a low level, K2 is opened, and the secondary coil and the auxiliary coil have the current. When the secondary coil is conducted, the voltage of the auxiliary coil induces the voltage of the secondary coil, and the voltage of the auxiliary coil is far higher than the VCC voltage of the power supply chip, but can not act on the power supply chip until the auxiliary coil is conducted. At the falling edge of the pulse width modulation signal SW, the second error amplifier 23 compares the sampled VCC voltage signal with the second reference voltage Vref2 and generates a second error amplified signal eaout 2. As a result of combining the first error amplified signal eaout1, a delayed square wave signal S _ dly is obtained, and then an enable signal for controlling the switch 28 is obtained, and the current on the auxiliary winding will charge the energy storage capacitor 32 after a time delay. As can be seen from fig. 4, when the SW falling edge VCC is greater than Vref2, the output second error amplifying signal eaout2 is smaller, and the square wave signal S _ dly is output after the delay time Tdly1 is equal to 1; when the SW falling edge VCC is detected to be less than Vref2, the output second error amplifying signal eaout2 is larger in value, S _ dly is equal to 1 after the time delay Tdly2, wherein Tdly1 is greater than Tdly 2.
In summary, in the flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range provided by this embodiment, by additionally providing the delay adjustment circuit, the delay time of the square wave signal is determined according to the first error amplification signal and the second error amplification signal by the delay adjustment circuit; the auxiliary side coil of the flyback switching power supply provides output voltage for a load to charge in the time delay duration, and when the time delay duration reaches the position of the square wave signal, the residual energy of the auxiliary side coil charges an energy storage capacitor through the auxiliary coil; the problem that the working voltage of the flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range is insufficient or too high when the output voltage of the power supply changes can be solved; because the energy on the coil can be flexibly utilized through the time division multiplexing technology, when the secondary coil is conducted, the energy on the secondary coil is firstly used for providing power output; when the auxiliary coil is conducted, the residual energy on the secondary coil is used for providing working voltage for the primary side switching power supply chip; the waste of the energy of the secondary coil by the switching power supply chip is avoided.
In addition, the integration level of the switching power supply chip is high, peripheral devices do not need to be added, an active control technology is adopted, a control circuit is simple, and the flyback switching power supply is suitable for all flyback switching power supplies.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a flyback switching power supply method supporting a wide output voltage range according to an embodiment of the present application. The present embodiment will be described by taking as an example that the method is applied to the flyback switching power supply shown in fig. 3. The method at least comprises the following steps:
step 501, when the secondary winding is turned on, determining a delay time length based on the output voltage of the first error amplifier and the output voltage of the second error amplifier, wherein the delay time length is in a positive correlation with the output voltage of the first error amplifier and in a negative correlation with the output voltage of the second error amplifier.
Optionally, on a falling edge of the pwm signal output from the pwm circuit, the second error amplifier compares the voltage signal sampled through the second pin with a second reference voltage output from the second voltage output terminal, and generates a second error amplified signal; and combining the second error amplification signal with the first error amplification signal output by the first error amplifier to obtain a delay control square wave signal with delay duration.
The delayed control square wave signal is used for generating a control signal for controlling the control switch.
And 503, when the current time length reaches the delay time length, controlling the control switch to be closed so as to stop conducting the secondary coil, and storing energy for the energy storage capacitor by the auxiliary coil.
The closing time is the width of the square wave signal output by the delay adjusting circuit.
For related contents, reference is made to the above embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
In summary, in the power charging method provided in this embodiment, when the secondary winding is turned on, the delay time duration is determined based on the output voltage of the first error amplifier and the output voltage of the second error amplifier, and the delay time duration is in a positive correlation with the output voltage of the first error amplifier and in a negative correlation with the output voltage of the second error amplifier; within the time delay, providing output voltage for the load through the secondary coil; when the current time length reaches the delay time length, controlling the control switch to be closed so as to stop conducting the secondary coil, and storing energy for the energy storage capacitor by the auxiliary coil; the problem that the working voltage of a switching power supply chip is insufficient or overhigh when the output voltage of the power supply changes can be solved; because the energy on the coil can be flexibly utilized through the time division multiplexing technology, when the secondary coil is conducted, the energy on the coil is firstly used for providing power supply output; when the auxiliary coil is conducted, the residual energy on the coil is used for providing working voltage for the primary side switching power supply chip; the waste of the energy of the secondary coil by the switching power supply chip is avoided.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range, comprising a switching power supply chip, the switching power supply chip comprising:
the power supply circuit is used for generating low-voltage for internal work of the switching power supply chip;
the first error amplifier is connected with the first power supply output end of the power supply circuit at the first non-inverting input end, and a first pin of the switching power supply chip is led out at the first inverting input end;
the second error amplifier is connected with the second power supply output end of the power supply circuit at a second in-phase input end and leads out a second pin of the switching power supply chip at a second reverse-phase input end;
the first signal input end is connected with the output end of the first error amplifier, and the second signal input end is led out of the pulse width modulation circuit of the third pin of the switching power supply chip;
the inverter circuit is connected with the output end of the pulse width modulation circuit;
the driving circuit is connected with the output end of the pulse width modulation circuit; a fifth pin of the switching power supply chip is led out from the output end of the driving circuit;
the input end of the delay adjusting circuit is respectively connected with the output end of the first error amplifier and the output end of the second error amplifier;
the input end of the AND circuit is respectively connected with the output end of the delay adjusting circuit, the output end of the inverter circuit and the third power supply output end of the power supply circuit; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the control switch is connected with the output end of the AND gate circuit and is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the second pin and the fourth pin.
2. The flyback switching power supply of claim 1 wherein the switching power supply chip further comprises a ground pin.
3. The flyback switching power supply of claim 1 wherein the power supply circuit further comprises an operating voltage output and a power supply input.
4. The flyback switching power supply supporting a wide output voltage range according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the delay adjustment circuit outputs a square wave signal after a delay time; wherein the delay time length and the output voltage of the second error amplifier are in a negative correlation relationship; and is in positive correlation with the output voltage of the first error amplifier.
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| CN110957924A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-03 | 苏州力生美半导体有限公司 | Flyback switching power supply supporting wide output voltage range and charging method |
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| CN110957924A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-03 | 苏州力生美半导体有限公司 | Flyback switching power supply supporting wide output voltage range and charging method |
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