CN210855354U - Multistage evaporating system of low temperature low pressure high concentration salt waste water zero release - Google Patents
Multistage evaporating system of low temperature low pressure high concentration salt waste water zero release Download PDFInfo
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- CN210855354U CN210855354U CN201921285058.XU CN201921285058U CN210855354U CN 210855354 U CN210855354 U CN 210855354U CN 201921285058 U CN201921285058 U CN 201921285058U CN 210855354 U CN210855354 U CN 210855354U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model provides a low temperature low pressure high concentration contains multistage vaporization system of salt waste water zero release. The system realizes the treatment of high-concentration salt-containing wastewater through a plurality of stages of evaporation units, each stage of evaporation unit comprises a low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a forced circulation pump, the forced circulation pump drives high-concentration salt-containing wastewater feed liquid to circulate between the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator and the tube pass of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, continuous evaporation is realized, secondary steam obtained by evaporation separation enters a secondary shell-and-tube heat exchanger and is used as a heat source of a secondary evaporation system, and by analogy, the plurality of stages of evaporation units are arranged according to different flue gas conditions. The system has high stability, flexible and reliable operation, low failure rate and convenient management and maintenance; the gasification latent heat of the secondary steam is utilized, the energy consumption of the whole evaporation system is saved, and the heat energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved; the system has simple structure and compact arrangement, and effectively reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste water treatment, in particular to low temperature low pressure high concentration contains multistage vaporization system of salt waste water zero release.
Background
With the economic development of China stepping into a new normal state, the realization of the coordination and fusion of the economic development and the environmental protection is particularly important, and the country is actively exploring a new green ecological development path. Currently, water pollution is one of the most serious environmental pollution problems faced by China, and wastewater treatment becomes the central importance of water environment protection.
As one of the important sources of industrial wastewater, the wastewater discharged by a thermal power plant mainly comes from a water vapor circulation system, a cooling water circulation system, a ash flushing water system, a coal conveying flushing and dust removing system and the like, wherein the most difficult to treat is the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater generated by limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization, and by 2014, the application ratio of a limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization method in a coal-fired power plant in China reaches 90%, and the discharge amount of the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater exceeds 1 hundred million tons all the year round. Compared with other kinds of wastewater, the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater discharged by the thermal power plant has the following characteristics: the pH value is 4-6, and the pH value is weak acid; the water has high salt content and high hardness, contains a large amount of soluble chloride and a certain amount of fluoride, has fluorine content generally exceeding 50mg/L, and has strong corrosivity and scaling property; the suspended matter content is high, the particles are smaller, the main component is gypsum, and the secondary components are fly ash, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfite and the like in the flue gas; the composite material contains heavy metal elements such as Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg, Co, Cu, Al, Zn, Mn and the like, wherein most of the heavy metal elements are the heavy metal elements limited by the sewage discharge standard at present; and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is also seriously exceeded.
The characteristics of the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater cause a plurality of difficulties in wastewater treatment, and because the main component chloride of the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater is high-solubility salt, no cheap and efficient chemical reagent capable of removing chloride ions exists at present; because the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater is acidic, a large amount of chemical additives are added to adjust the pH value of the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater to be alkaline, and then a metal chelating agent or a precipitator is added to settle heavy metals, so that the process is complicated and the treatment cost is increased; and the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater has complex water quality, large fluctuation and high hardness, so that the scaling problem is serious, the complex salt and crystallization process is complex, and the like, thereby further aggravating the difficulty in treating the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a device capable of efficiently treating high-concentration salt-containing wastewater.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is that prior art handles the high concentration and contains salt waste water loaded down with trivial details, the higher problem of cost of procedure, provides a low temperature low pressure high concentration and contains the multistage vaporization system of salt waste water zero release, has characteristics such as high stability, low power consumption, low cost.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of low temperature low pressure high concentration contains multistage vaporization system of salt waste water zero release, including waste liquid delivery pump and multistage vaporization unit, wherein:
each stage of evaporation unit comprises a low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a forced circulation pump; the salt-containing wastewater liquid is conveyed into a first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator by the waste liquid conveying pump to be evaporated; the liquid phase region of each stage of the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is connected with the forced circulation pump at the same stage, the forced circulation pump is connected with the tube pass inlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger at the same stage, and the salt-containing wastewater liquid in the liquid phase region is pumped into the tube pass of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger; the outlet of the tube pass is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator at the same stage, and the salt-containing wastewater liquid in the tube pass is sent into the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator again for evaporation, so that the salt-containing wastewater liquid forms circulation between the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator at the same stage and the tube pass of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger; the bottom of a liquid phase region of the upper-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is connected with an inlet of the lower-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator, and salt-containing wastewater concentrated solution in the liquid phase region is sent to the lower-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator for evaporation; and the top of a gas phase area of the upper-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is connected with a shell pass inlet of the lower-level shell-and-tube heat exchanger, secondary steam is sent into a shell pass of the lower-level shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the secondary steam exchanges heat with the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
Preferably, a first vacuum pump is connected to the front end of the primary low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator and is used for providing a vacuum operation environment for the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator.
Preferably, a second vacuum pump is connected to the end of the final stage of the low-temperature and low-pressure evaporator-separator, and is used for providing a vacuum operation environment for the low-temperature and low-pressure evaporator-separator as well as the first vacuum pump.
Preferably, the system further comprises a preheater, the preheater is connected with the shell pass of the primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the preheated working medium is sent into the shell pass of the primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the working medium is used as a heat source to exchange heat with the salt-containing wastewater liquid in the tube pass of the primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the salt-containing wastewater liquid is heated and then is beneficial to evaporation. Further preferably, the preheater is a heat exchanger, the working medium is heated by high-temperature flue gas, and the working medium can use desalted water after treatment of saline wastewater liquid.
The utility model discloses low temperature low pressure high concentration contains salt waste water zero release evaporating system mainly is the characteristic of application steam, and in the steam admission evaporimeter of higher temperature, the heat energy of steam transfered the high concentration in the heat transfer pipe and contains salt waste water, evaporates in succession. Meanwhile, a forced circulation mode is adopted between the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger at the same stage, and the forced circulation pump drives the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid to circulate between the tube passes of the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, so that continuous evaporation is realized. The utility model discloses above-mentioned technical scheme's of embodiment beneficial effect includes:
1. the system recycles the latent heat of vaporization of the secondary steam, can greatly reduce the supply of new external steam, saves the energy consumption of the whole evaporation system, improves the heat energy utilization efficiency of the system, and can save more than 90 percent of cooling water and more than 60 percent of energy compared with a conventional evaporation device;
2. the system has strong adaptability to high-concentration salt-containing wastewater, does not need to carry out early pretreatment on the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater, and reduces the operation cost and the system complexity of the whole system;
3. the system has high stability, flexible and reliable operation, can avoid or greatly reduce the scaling of pipelines, can ensure that the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater in the tube pass of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is heated uniformly by forced circulation, prevents the wall dryness phenomenon, has low overall failure rate, simple detection and maintenance and convenient management;
4. the system is safe and environment-friendly, has low operation noise, reaches the environmental protection standard, has high quality of discharged distilled water, and can be recycled as a boiler for supplement;
5. the system has simple structure and compact arrangement, can reduce the occupied area by more than 50 percent compared with the traditional evaporation device, and effectively reduces the cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of the multistage vaporization system of low temperature, low pressure and high concentration salt-containing wastewater zero release that the embodiment of the utility model provides.
[ main component symbol description ]
1-1: a first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator; 1-2: a primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger; 1-3: a first-stage forced circulation pump;
2-1: a second-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator; 2-2: a two-stage shell and tube heat exchanger; 2-3: a two-stage forced circulation pump;
n-1: an N-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator; n-2: an N-stage shell-and-tube heat exchanger; n-3: an N-stage forced circulation pump; 3: a waste liquid delivery pump; 4: a preheater; 5-1: a first vacuum pump; 5-2: a second vacuum pump; 6: a discharge pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model discloses to prior art handle the high concentration and contain the loaded down with trivial details, the higher problem of cost of salt waste water procedure, provide a low temperature low pressure high concentration and contain the multistage vaporization system of salt waste water zero release, have characteristics such as high stability, low power consumption, low cost.
The utility model provides a pair of low temperature low pressure high concentration contains multistage vaporization system of salt waste water zero release, including waste liquid delivery pump and multistage evaporation unit, wherein:
each stage of evaporation unit comprises a low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a forced circulation pump; the salt-containing wastewater liquid is sent into a first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator by a waste liquid conveying pump to be evaporated; the upper part of the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is a gas phase area, the lower part of the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is a liquid phase area, the liquid phase area of each low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is connected with a same-stage forced circulation pump, the forced circulation pump is connected with a tube pass inlet of a same-stage shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and salt-containing wastewater liquid in the liquid phase area is pumped into a tube pass of the shell-and; the outlet of the tube pass is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator at the same stage, and the salt-containing wastewater liquid in the tube pass is sent into the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator again to form circulation; the bottom of the liquid phase region of the upper-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is connected with the inlet of the lower-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator, and salt-containing wastewater concentrated solution in the liquid phase region is sent into the lower-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator for evaporation; the top of a gas phase area of the upper-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is connected with a shell pass inlet of the lower-level shell-and-tube heat exchanger, secondary steam is sent into a shell pass of the lower-level shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the secondary steam exchanges heat with high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
As an embodiment of the multi-stage low-temperature low-pressure high-concentration salt-containing wastewater zero-emission evaporation system, as shown in fig. 1, the system comprises a waste liquid conveying pump 3 and N stages of evaporation units, wherein:
the primary evaporation unit comprises a primary low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1, a primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger 1-2 and a primary forced circulation pump 1-3; the second-stage evaporation unit comprises a second-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 2-1, a two-stage shell-and-tube heat exchanger 2-2 and a second-stage forced circulation pump 2-3; and repeating the steps until the N-stage evaporation units comprise N-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separators N-1, N-stage shell-and-tube heat exchangers N-2 and N-stage forced circulation pumps N-3.
As shown in figure 1, the externally input high-concentration salt-containing wastewater is sent into a first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1 by a waste liquid conveying pump 3, the salt-containing wastewater concentrated solution separated in the first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1 is sent into a second-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 2-1 for evaporation, and the salt-containing wastewater remaining in the liquid phase region of the first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1 is sent into a first-stage shell-and-tube heat exchanger 1-2 by a first-stage forced circulation pump 1-3.
The primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger 1-2 shown in figure 1 is a vertical heat exchange device with a long heating pipe, secondary steam after heating and pressurizing is used for heating high-concentration salt-containing wastewater feed liquid to be sent into the primary low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1, the secondary steam is introduced into the shell pass of the primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger 1-2, and the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater feed liquid is injected into the tube pass from bottom to top by a primary forced circulation pump 1-3; the secondary steam in the shell pass is condensed into condensed water and recovered after exchanging heat with the salt-containing wastewater liquid in the tube pass, and the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid in the tube pass is heated and sprayed into a gas phase area of a first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1 through an atomizing nozzle to be evaporated, so that gas-liquid separation is realized; separating the evaporated vapor-liquid mixture in a gas phase area, discharging secondary steam from the top of a first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1, discharging high-concentration salt-containing wastewater concentrated solution from the bottom of a liquid phase area, and sending the concentrated solution into the next stage, namely a second-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 2-1 for continuous evaporation; the residual high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid in the liquid phase area is re-fed into the tube pass of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger through the forced circulation pump, and then is converged with the externally input salt-containing wastewater liquid and is fed into the primary low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1 together, so that the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid is driven by the primary forced circulation pump 1-3 to realize circulation between the tube pass of the primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger and the primary low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1; and introducing secondary steam discharged from the gas phase area into the shell pass of the diode shell-and-tube heat exchanger 2-2, reheating the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid in the secondary evaporation process, continuously evaporating the heated high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid in the secondary low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 2-1, and continuously conveying the secondary steam generated again to the secondary stage, thereby realizing a continuous evaporation state.
And the secondary steam generated in the N-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator N-1 at the final stage and the secondary steam from the previous stage discharged in the shell pass of the N-stage shell-and-tube heat exchanger N-2 can be condensed and then sent to an auxiliary cold water tank, and the final high-concentration salt-containing wastewater concentrated solution separated from the N-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator N-1 is output as compressed solid waste through a discharge pump 6.
As shown in fig. 1, a first vacuum pump 5-1 may be disposed at the front end of the first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1, and a second vacuum pump 5-2 may be disposed at the tail end of the N-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator for providing a vacuum operation environment for the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator; the front end of the first-stage evaporation unit is also provided with a preheater 4, the preheater 4 is a heat exchanger, working media in the heat exchanger enter the shell pass of the first-stage shell-and-tube heat exchanger 1-2 after absorbing the heat of the high-temperature flue gas, exchange heat with the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid in the tube pass of the first-stage shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the heated high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid enters the first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator 1-1 again to perform a first-stage evaporation process.
As the example of actual processing contains salt waste water, contain salt waste water according to the high concentration that certain power plant produced, specifically give low temperature low pressure high concentration contains the multistage vaporization system's of salt waste water zero release actual configuration. The composition of the power plant wastewater is shown in the following table:
according to the above-mentioned waste water composition, this embodiment low temperature low pressure high concentration contains salt waste water zero release multistage evaporation system designs for five grades of evaporation units, and main equipment and parameter are as follows:
all levels of low-temperature and low-pressure evaporation separators in the five-level evaporation unit operate under the vacuum low-temperature condition, wherein: the primary low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator has the working temperature range of 80-90 ℃ and the vacuum pressure range of 0.0474-0.0701 MPa; the working temperature range of the secondary low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is 70-80 ℃, and the vacuum pressure range is 0.0312-0.0474 MPa; the working temperature range of the three-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is 60-70 ℃, and the vacuum pressure range is 0.0199-0.0312 MPa; the four-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator has the working temperature range of 55-60 ℃ and the vacuum pressure range of 0.0158-0.0199 MPa; the five-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator has the working temperature range of 50-55 ℃ and the vacuum pressure range of 0.0123-0.0158 MPa; the ion content requirement of the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater during working comprises: the content of chloride ions is less than or equal to 20000mg/L, the content of fluoride ions is 0-10 mg/L, and the pH value is 5.5-6.5.
The amount of wastewater treated by the system is 15 tons per hour, the byproduct of the system is 7.5 tons of recycled water of the power plant per hour, and the annual operation hours of the device is 7000 hours, so that the treatment requirement of the wastewater of the power plant can be met.
For the embodiments of the present invention, the common general knowledge of the known specific structures and characteristics in the schemes is not described too much; the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, technical features related to the embodiments can be combined with each other on the premise of not conflicting with each other, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases for a person of ordinary skill in the art; furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a multistage vaporization system of low temperature low pressure high concentration salt waste water zero release which characterized in that includes waste liquid delivery pump and multistage evaporation unit, wherein:
each stage of evaporation unit comprises a low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a forced circulation pump; the salt-containing wastewater liquid is conveyed into a first-stage low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator by the waste liquid conveying pump to be evaporated;
the liquid phase region of each stage of the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is connected with the forced circulation pump at the same stage, the forced circulation pump is connected with the tube pass inlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger at the same stage, and the salt-containing wastewater liquid in the liquid phase region is pumped into the tube pass of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger; the outlet of the tube pass is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator at the same stage, and the salt-containing wastewater liquid in the tube pass is sent into the low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator again for evaporation;
the bottom of a liquid phase region of the upper-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is connected with an inlet of the lower-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator, and salt-containing wastewater concentrated solution in the liquid phase region is sent to the lower-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator for evaporation; and the top of a gas phase area of the upper-level low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator is connected with a shell pass inlet of the lower-level shell-and-tube heat exchanger, secondary steam is sent into a shell pass of the lower-level shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the secondary steam exchanges heat with the high-concentration salt-containing wastewater liquid in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein a first vacuum pump is connected to the front end of the primary low-temperature low-pressure evaporation separator.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein a second vacuum pump is connected to the end of said final stage low temperature and low pressure evaporative separator.
4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a preheater, wherein the preheater is connected with the shell side of the primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the preheated working medium is fed into the shell side of the primary shell-and-tube heat exchanger to be used as a heat source for heat exchange.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the preheater is a heat exchanger, and the working medium is heated by high temperature flue gas.
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| CN112408528A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-26 | 武汉凯迪水务有限公司 | Anti-fouling blocking and self-cleaning MVR evaporation concentration system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112408528A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-26 | 武汉凯迪水务有限公司 | Anti-fouling blocking and self-cleaning MVR evaporation concentration system |
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