CN210826077U

CN210826077U - Biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery function

Info

Publication number: CN210826077U
Application number: CN201921159246.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖钦民; 张建胜; 张嘉杰; 宋瑞; 胡振中
Original assignee: Shanghai Ttsg New Energy Development Co ltd; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy of Tsinghua University
Current assignee: Shanghai Ttsg New Energy Development Co ltd; Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy of Tsinghua University
Priority date: 2019-07-23
Filing date: 2019-07-23
Publication date: 2020-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a take heat recovery's living beings and coal gasification equipment altogether, include: the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace shell, a burner arranged at the top of the shell, and a first water-cooled wall which is arranged in the shell and limits a gasification chamber, wherein the bottom of the gasification chamber is provided with a gasification chamber slag outlet which is connected with the top of a radiation waste boiler. And the second water-cooling wall and the water-cooling screen group are arranged in the radiation waste boiler and are provided with the air outlet slag channel, and the water-cooling screen group is uniformly and circumferentially distributed along the second water-cooling wall. And the chilling chamber comprises a descending pipe connected with the bottom of the radiation waste boiler, the lower part of the descending pipe is immersed in chilling water, a chilling ring connected with the top of the descending pipe, and the side wall of the upper part of the chilling chamber is provided with a crude synthesis gas outlet. The slag discharging pool is connected with the lower end of the chilling chamber, and the bottom of the slag discharging pool is provided with a slag discharging port. The first cyclone separator and the second cyclone separator are respectively provided with a gas inlet, a dust-removed gas outlet and an ash discharge port, the gas inlet of the first cyclone separator is connected with the crude synthesis gas outlet of the gasification furnace, and the gas inlet of the second cyclone separator is connected with the dust-removed gas outlet of the first cyclone separator for secondary dust removal.

Description

Biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery function

Technical Field

This patent belongs to biomass gasification equipment technical field, specifically, this patent relates to a take heat recovery's living beings and coal gasification equipment altogether.

Background

Biomass gasification is a complex thermodynamic reaction process, which is a process of converting solid biomass into combustible gas by thermochemical reaction under certain thermodynamic conditions by using biomass as a raw material and using oxygen (air, oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen, etc.), water vapor or hydrogen as a gasifying agent. The biomass gasification furnace is an energy conversion device which utilizes waste biomass to generate combustible gas during oxygen-deficient combustion, is convenient to use and low in cost, and plays an important role in the field of biomass utilization. However, due to the dispersibility of the distribution and the irregular particles after the treatment, the biomass raw material and the air are not uniformly mixed in the gasification furnace, and the gasification efficiency of the biomass is too low. Therefore, the developed coal conversion and utilization technology and equipment are utilized to carry out co-gasification reaction on the biomass and the coal, so that the problems of single biomass gasification can be solved, and the clean and efficient resource utilization of biomass resources can be realized. At present, most of synthetic gas cooling modes of biomass and coal co-gasification devices adopt a chilling process, high-temperature coal gas from a gasification chamber can be chilled from about 1300 ℃ to about 200 ℃, but the energy recovery efficiency is low. The radiation waste boiler can cool the high-temperature coal gas from 1300 ℃ to about 700 ℃, high-temperature sensible heat is recovered, and then chilling is carried out, so that the energy utilization rate is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a take heat recovery's living beings and coal gasification equipment altogether, this gasification equipment adopt living beings and coal to feed jointly to have heat recovery, improved heat utilization efficiency and gasification efficiency.

In one aspect of the present invention, the utility model provides a biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the device includes:

a gasifier, the gasifier comprising: the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace shell, a burner arranged at the top of the shell, a first water-cooled wall which is arranged in the shell and defines a gasification chamber, and a gasification chamber slag outlet which is connected with the top of the radiation waste boiler;

a radiation waste pan, the radiation waste pan comprising: and the second water-cooled wall is arranged in the radiation waste boiler and is provided with an air outlet slag channel. The water-cooling screen groups are arranged in the gas slag channel and distributed along the circumferential direction, and each water-cooling screen extends towards the central axis direction of the gas slag channel from the second water-cooling wall;

the quenching chamber comprises a descending pipe and a quenching ring, wherein the descending pipe is connected with the bottom of the radiation waste boiler, the quenching ring is connected with the top of the descending pipe, and the side wall of the upper part of the quenching chamber is provided with a crude synthesis gas outlet.

And the slag discharging pool is connected with the lower end of the chilling chamber, and the bottom of the slag discharging pool is provided with a slag discharging port.

The first cyclone separator is provided with a gas inlet, a dedusted gas outlet and an ash discharge port, and the gas inlet of the first cyclone separator is connected with the crude synthesis gas outlet of the gasification furnace.

And the second cyclone separator is provided with a gas inlet, a dust-removed gas outlet and an ash discharge port, and the gas inlet of the second cyclone separator is connected with the dust-removed gas outlet of the first cyclone separator for secondary dust removal.

The biomass and coal co-gasification gasifier with heat recovery is a dry-fed pressurized entrained-flow bed gasifier, the ratio of gasification raw material coal dust to biomass is 1/2-4/5, and a gasification agent is air, pure oxygen or a mixture of air/pure oxygen and steam. Before gasification, the coal dust and the biomass are pretreated to ensure that the particle size of the coal dust and the biomass is less than 10mm and the water content is less than 8 wt%. The gasification reaction pressure is 0.8-6 MPa, and the gasification temperature is 1200-1700 ℃.

The first water-cooled wall and the second water-cooled wall are in a coil pipe or tube array form. The total number of the water-cooling screen groups is 7-24, and each water-cooling screen is provided with 8-13 water-cooling pipes. The water-cooling screen is connected with the second water-cooling wall through fins, and the width of the water-cooling screen is 1/12-1/5 of the radius of the gas slag channel.

The chilling ring enters the downcomer along the tangential direction, and the chilling nozzle and the horizontal plane form a 0-60 degree angle.

The utility model discloses in sending into the gasification chamber with living beings and buggy through the top nozzle, take place gasification reaction under the condition of oxygen or oxygen boosting, gasification temperature is high, adopts the low pollutant that arouses the synthetic gas to contain pollutants such as tar dioxin of air gasification temperature, synthetic gas alkali metal height enrichment to arouse when having avoided living beings to gasify alone to arouse to corrode the scheduling problem. The carbon-hydrogen ratio of biomass is higher than that of coal, the characteristics of two resources of coal and biomass can be fully exerted by adopting the co-feeding of the biomass and the coal, the hydrogen content of the synthesis gas is increased, the components of the synthesis gas which is independently gasified by the coal are improved, the problem in the application of biomass gasification is overcome, and the clean and efficient utilization of biomass resources is realized.

The utility model discloses a radiation is useless pot + down chills form, and the form that the radiation is useless pot and is taken water-cooling wall and add the water-cooling screen, adopts down chills form alone, has increased heat recovery, and the high-quality steam of recovery can be used for follow-up workshop section, has improved energy utilization and has rateed, and the energy consumption reduces. The synthetic gas passing through the radiant waste boiler enters a chilling chamber, most of ash slag is chilled and washed and then sinks in water to be discharged, and then the synthetic gas is treated by a first cyclone separator and a second cyclone separator to further remove dust. By adopting the radiation waste pot and the downward chilling mode, the high-temperature sensible heat of the synthesis gas can be recovered while the synthesis gas is washed, the overall efficiency of the system is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

According to the embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 1, this take heat recovery's living beings and coal to gasify device altogether includes, gasifier 1, radiation waste pot 2, chilling chamber 3, row's sediment pond 4, first cyclone 5, second cyclone 6.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the gasification furnace 1 comprises a housing 8, a first water wall 9, a burner 7 and a gasification chamber slag hole 10. The burner 7 is arranged at the top of the shell, and can realize the functions of ignition, start-up and feeding of biomass and coal mixed raw materials of the gasification furnace. The central channel of the burner is an ignition and start-up channel, the outer ring channels of the burner are respectively a biomass and coal mixed raw material feeding channel and a gasifying agent channel, the gasifying raw material is a mixture of biomass and coal, the ratio of coal powder to biomass is 1/2-4/5, the particle size of the coal powder and the biomass is less than 10mm, and the water content is less than 8 wt%. The first water-cooled wall 9 is arranged in the shell 11 and defines a gasification chamber, and is contracted at the bottom of the gasification chamber to form a gasification chamber slag outlet 10, and the first water-cooled wall is in a coil pipe or tube array form.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a radiant syngas cooler 2 includes a second water wall 12 and a water screen assembly 13. Wherein the second water cooled wall 12 is arranged in the radiation waste pan 2 and defines a gas slag channel 14, and the upper end of the gas slag channel 14 is connected with the slag outlet 10 of the gasification chamber. The water-cooling screen group 13 comprises a plurality of water-cooling screens, and the water-cooling screens are arranged in the gas slag channel 14 and are circumferentially distributed along the gas slag channel 14. The lower header (not shown) of the second water wall 12 is connected to the lower header (not shown) of the water screen group 13 and to a cooling water inlet pipe 15 penetrating the lower portion of the radiation waster pan 2. An upper header (not shown) of the second water-cooled wall 12 is connected to an upper header (not shown) of the water-cooled screen group 13 and to a cooling water outlet pipe 11 penetrating through the upper portion of the radiation waste pot 2. The total number of the water-cooling screen groups 13 is 7-24, and each water-cooling screen is provided with 8-13 water-cooling pipes. The water-cooling screen is connected with the second water-cooling wall through the fins, the width of the water-cooling screen is 1/12-1/5 of the radius of the gas slag channel, and by adopting the arrangement mode, the ash blockage phenomenon caused by ash deposition in the radiation waste boiler can be reduced while the heat exchange area is increased and the heat efficiency of the system is improved. Specifically, the high-temperature crude synthesis gas obtained in the gasification furnace flows downwards through a slag outlet of the gasification chamber to enter the radiation waste boiler to exchange heat with the water-cooled wall and the water-cooled screen group, so that sensible heat recovery of the crude synthesis gas is realized.

In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, and with reference to FIG. 1, the quench chamber 3 includes a quench ring 16, a quench head 22, a downcomer 18 and a raw syngas outlet 19. The chilling ring 16 is connected with the top of the down pipe 18, the chilling ring 16 enters the down pipe 18 along the tangential direction, and the chilling spray nozzle 22 forms an angle of 0-60 degrees with the horizontal plane. Specifically, the raw synthesis gas and liquid slag passing through the radiation waste boiler enter the downcomer 18 through the gas slag channel 14, the chilling water enters the chilling ring 16 through the chilling water inlet 17, and a layer of uniform spiral water film is formed on the inner wall of the downcomer 18, so that the downcomer 18 is prevented from being damaged by the synthesis gas and the liquid slag. The synthetic gas and the liquid slag are fully contacted with the bottom chilling water to remove most of ash, and the synthetic gas reversely flows upwards through the annular space between the downcomer 18 and the shell and is sent out of the gasification furnace through the synthetic gas outlet 19.

According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, ash formed at the bottom of the quench chamber 3 enters the slag removal tank 4 and is discharged to the outside through the slag discharge port 21.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the first cyclone 5, including the raw syngas inlet 501, is connected to the gasifier raw syngas outlet 19 through a pipe-type water-cooling connection pipe 20. A top cover 503, a dedusted gas outlet 502, a cylinder 504, a cone 505 and an ash discharge port 506. After being treated by the first cyclone separator 5, fly ash carried by the raw synthesis gas is separated, the raw synthesis gas enters the second cyclone separator 6, the second cyclone separator comprises a raw synthesis gas inlet 601, and the gas outlet 502 is connected with the first cyclone separator through a pipeline type water-cooling connecting pipe after dust removal. A top cover 603, a dedusted gas outlet 602, a cylinder 604, a cone 605 and an ash discharge port 606. After the treatment in the second cyclone separator 6, the fly ash carried by the synthesis gas is further separated and the synthesis gas is sent to the subsequent process.

According to the utility model discloses a take heat recovery's living beings and coal gasification equipment altogether, can two kinds of resource characteristics of full play living beings and coal, the problem that exists when having avoided living beings to gasify alone improves the quality of synthetic gas, and adopts the radiation waste pot to carry out heat recovery, for direct chilling, can effectual recovery synthetic gas's high temperature sensible heat, improves the thermal efficiency of system, realizes the clean high-efficient utilization of living beings and coal.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery function is characterized by comprising:

a gasifier, the gasifier comprising: the device comprises a gasification furnace shell (8), a burner (7) arranged at the top of the shell, a first water-cooled wall (9) arranged in the shell and used for limiting a gasification chamber, and a gasification chamber slag outlet (10) connected with the top of a radiation waste boiler;

a radiation waste pot (2) comprising: the water cooling screen set comprises a second water cooling wall (12) and a water cooling screen set (13), wherein the second water cooling wall (12) is arranged in the radiation waste boiler and is provided with a gas slag channel (14), the water cooling screen set is arranged in the gas slag channel (14) and is distributed along the circumferential direction, and each water cooling screen extends towards the central axis direction of the gas slag channel from the second water cooling wall;

a chilling chamber (3) which comprises a down pipe (18) connected with the bottom of the radiation waste boiler, a chilling ring (16), wherein the chilling ring is connected with the top of the down pipe, and the upper side wall of the chilling chamber is provided with a crude synthesis gas outlet (19);

the slag discharging pool (4) is connected with the lower end of the chilling chamber, and the bottom of the slag discharging pool is provided with a slag discharging port (21);

the first cyclone separator (5) is provided with a gas inlet (501), a dedusted gas outlet (502) and an ash discharge port (506), and the gas inlet of the first cyclone separator is connected with the crude synthesis gas outlet of the gasification furnace;

and the second cyclone separator (6) is provided with a gas inlet (601), a dedusted gas outlet (602) and an ash discharge port (606), and the gas inlet of the second cyclone separator is connected with the dedusted gas outlet of the first cyclone separator for secondary dedusting.

2. The biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biomass and coal co-gasification gasifier with heat recovery is a pressurized entrained-flow bed gasifier fed by a dry method, and the gasification raw materials are pulverized coal and biomass.

3. The biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery according to claim 2, wherein the pulverized coal and biomass are pretreated before gasification, so that the particle size of the pulverized coal and biomass is less than 10mm, and the water content is less than 8 wt%.

4. The biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery function as claimed in claim 2, wherein the gasification reaction pressure is 0.8-6 MPa, and the gasification temperature is 1200-1700 ℃.

5. The biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total number of the water-cooling screen groups (13) is 7-24, and each water-cooling screen has 8-13 water-cooling pipes; the water-cooling screen is connected with the second water-cooling wall (12) through fins, and the width of the water-cooling screen is 1/12-1/5 of the radius of the gas slag channel (14).

6. The biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein the first water-cooled wall and the second water-cooled wall are in the form of coils or tubes.

7. The biomass and coal co-gasification device with heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein the quench ring (16) enters the downcomer (18) in a tangential direction, and the quench nozzle (22) is at an angle of 0-60 degrees to the horizontal.