CN210805976U - Miniaturized broadband four-way out-phase power divider based on Marchand branch balun - Google Patents
Miniaturized broadband four-way out-phase power divider based on Marchand branch balun Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a miniaturized broadband four-way out-phase power distributor based on Marchand branch balun, which comprises a microstrip medium substrate, an input microstrip line port, four output microstrip line ports, four short-circuit coupling microstrip lines, a high impedance load microstrip line, an isolation resistor and two rectangular ring grooves; the length of the dielectric substrate is L1, the width of the dielectric substrate is W1, and the dielectric substrate is symmetrical with the center of the input microstrip line; the output coupling microstrip lines are positioned on two sides of the input coupling line, the output coupling microstrip lines are parallel, and the coupling performance and the working bandwidth are improved by etching the rectangular ring groove below the coupling parallel Microstrip Lines (MLs). And an air bridge resistance isolation circuit is adopted, so that the output matching impedance and the isolation are optimized. On the basis, an even model and an odd model equivalent circuit method are applied to the power divider. The design is well matched with the simulation result through actual measurement and verification. The actual measurement result shows that under the central frequency of 3.4GHz, the 15dB input return loss bandwidth is more than 59.6%, and the output isolation is more than 15 dB.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a broadband field especially relates to a miniaturized broadband four ways out of phase power distribution unit based on Marchand branch balun.
Background
In the rapid development of wireless communication systems, the requirement for broadband performance of passive microwave circuits is higher and higher today. The power divider is one of the key passive devices, and is widely applied to microwave systems such as phased array radars, multi-path relay communication and the like. In recent years, power splitters based on different waveguides have been proposed and studied, and not only rectangular waveguide and coaxial waveguide power splitters but also ring cavity power splitters having a wide bandwidth have been proposed. However, waveguide power splitters are bulky and not suitable for certain special applications. Planar power dividers based on Microstrip Lines (MLs) are widely used due to their advantages of low cost and compact structure, and the main type of planar power divider is wilkinson power divider. The Wilkinson power divider is provided with a shunting short rod and a uniform characteristic impedance structure, can avoid thin channels and high impedance, controls the output distribution ratio through the length of the shunting short rod, can use recombination for any output distribution ratio, and realizes any double-frequency function through the optimization of a double-frequency impedance converter, different characteristic impedances and the shunting short rod. The multi-layer microstrip slot line coupling structure can meet the requirement of the ultra-wideband power divider. Both theoretically and experimentally, defective ground structure techniques are discussed that can reduce the size of the bagley polygon power splitter. This is smaller in area than the conventional bagley polygon. By the coupling structure of the four spiral resonators and the source load, an in-phase power divider with compact structure size is realized. Some of the most advanced power dividers, such as power dividers for different frequency division, power dividers for different power division, etc., which exhibit different performance in terms of various integrated functions and irregular transmission line technologies, out-phasing power dividers can be used in various balanced circuits, such as multipliers, push-pull amplifiers and balanced mixers, and in order to achieve out-phasing characteristics, methods using balanced transmission lines have been proposed in recent years.
Four-way out-of-phase power splitters incorporating multilayer substrate waveguides, integrated substrate waveguides and half-mode integrated substrate waveguides have been used to achieve out-of-phase/in-phase power splitting performance. However, its Insertion Loss (IL) is large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a miniaturized broadband four ways out of phase power distribution ware based on MARCHAND branch balun has solved integrated substrate waveguide and half module integrated substrate waveguide on out of phase/homophase power distribution, Insertion Loss (IL) very big problem.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a miniaturized broadband four-way out-phase power divider based on Marchand branch balun comprises a microstrip medium substrate, an input microstrip line port, four output microstrip line ports, four short-circuit coupling microstrip lines, a high-impedance resistance load microstrip line, an isolation resistor and two rectangular ring grooves; the length of the dielectric substrate is L1, the width of the dielectric substrate is W1, and the dielectric substrate is symmetrical with the center of the input microstrip line; the output coupling microstrip lines are positioned on two sides of the input coupling line, the output coupling microstrip lines are parallel, and the distance between the output coupling microstrip lines and the input coupling line is g 0; the isolation resistor R1 in the middle of the high-impedance load microstrip line is used as a load to be provided with a shunt high-impedance line, the shunt high-impedance line is positioned in the middle of the dielectric substrate, and the length of the shunt high-impedance line is lambdag/2 (lambdag is the wavelength of the central working frequency on the microstrip line); an air bridge resistor R2 is arranged at the connection position of the output coupling microstrip line in-phase output ports (such as port 2 and port 4); the rectangular ring groove is arranged on the medium substrate grounding metal layer.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that:
1. the utility model discloses in propose and realized a miniaturized broadband four ways out of phase power divider. The proposed power divider is based on a microstrip line Marchand branch balun, and realizes the power dividing function through the coupling between parallel Microstrip Lines (MLs).
2. The coupling performance and the working bandwidth are improved by etching the rectangular ring groove under the coupling parallel Microstrip Line (MLs).
3. And an air bridge resistance isolation circuit is adopted, so that the output matching impedance and the isolation are optimized.
4. On the basis of 1, 2 and 3, an even model and an odd model equivalent circuit method are applied to the power divider. The design is well matched with the simulation result through actual measurement and verification. The actual measurement result shows that under the central frequency of 3.4GHz, the 15dB input return loss bandwidth is more than 59.6%, and the output isolation is more than 15 dB.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a power divider;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a power divider;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power divider circuit model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an even-even model of the equivalent circuit of the power divider;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an even-odd model of the equivalent circuit of the power divider;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an odd-odd model of an equivalent circuit of the power divider;
FIG. 7 is a photograph top view of the power divider;
FIG. 8 is a photograph bottom view of the power divider;
fig. 9 is a diagram comparing simulation and actual measurement results of the input return loss RL and the insertion loss IL of the power divider;
FIG. 10 is a comparison graph of simulation and actual measurement results of the power divider output return loss RL;
FIG. 11 is a graph comparing simulation and actual measurement results of power divider isolation;
fig. 12 is a graph comparing simulation and actual measurement results of phase and amplitude imbalance of the power divider.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The working principle and the using method are as follows:
fig. 1 shows a design structure of the proposed wideband four-way power divider, which includes an input microstrip line port, four output microstrip line ports, four short-circuit coupled microstrip lines, two high-impedance loaded microstrip lines for out-of-phase power division isolation, two isolation resistors for in-phase power division isolation, and two rectangular ring grooves on a ground metal layer. The power divider is centrosymmetric with an input microstrip line with the length of L1 and the width of W1. The output coupling microstrip lines are parallel at two sides of the input coupling line, and the distance between the output coupling microstrip lines and the input coupling line is g 0. To further improve the isolation between the out-of-phase output ports (e.g., port 2 and port 3), a length of λ g/2(λ g is the wavelength at the center operating frequency on the microstrip) shunt high impedance line extending from the out-coupled microstrip line is loaded by an isolation resistor R1 in the middle of the high impedance line. The air bridge type resistor R2 plays a role in improving the isolation performance at the connection position of the output coupling microstrip line in-phase output ports (such as the port 2 and the port 4). The rectangular ring grooves in the ground metal layer, as shown in fig. 2, improve the operating bandwidth.
The circuit model of the power splitter is shown in fig. 3. Due to the symmetry of the power divider, the power divider has good robustness, and even-even, even-odd and odd-odd model analysis methods can be adopted. Fig. 4, 5, and 6 are equivalent circuits of even-even, even-odd, and odd-odd models of the circuit of fig. 2. For even mode excitation, the plane of symmetry is an ideal magnetic field, with current in isolation resistor R1. The even-even model and the even-odd model equivalent circuits are shown in fig. 4 and 5. Under the excitation condition of the odd model, the symmetry plane is an ideal electric field, no current flows in the isolation resistor R1, and the odd-odd model equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 6.
The center frequency is selected to be θ ═ pi/2, and the input impedances of Zin, ee1, Zin, ee2 in fig. 4 are:
Zp＝(Z0e+Z0o)/Z0eZ0o.
the input impedance of the corresponding Zin, eo1, Zin, eo2 in fig. 5 is:
Zin，eo2＝Zin，eo1//Z∞＝Zin，eo1(4)
Zq＝Z0eZ0o/(Z0e-Z0o)
likewise, when an odd model excitation is applied, the corresponding input impedances Zin, oo1, Zin, oo2 are:
Zin，oo2＝Zin，oo1//Z∞＝Zin，oo1(6)
in order to obtain good output matching impedance, Zin, eo1 and Zin, eo2 need to satisfy Zin, eo1 ═ Zin, eo2, and the values of R1 and R2 can be calculated. Table 1 shows the coupling of three different Fractional Bandwidths (FBWs) of the odd model equivalent circuit.
TABLE 1
The proposed broadband out-of-phase power divider is simulated and optimized by a commercial software high-frequency optimization structure simulator. The final dimensions and parameters are in table 2.
Unit：millimetres.
TABLE 2
The power divider was fabricated on a two-layer printed circuit board, a taconik RF-35 board, with a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a thickness of 0.508 mm. Fig. 7 and 8 show pictures of the manufactured power divider. The circuit size (excluding the input and output microstrip lines) was 19.6 × 27.2 square millimeters (0.37 × 0.5 λ g2), λ g referring to the center frequency of 3.4 GHz. All four isolation resistors are SMT-0603 packaged, wherein R1 is 100 omega, and R2 is 110 omega.
The utility model provides a power divider's simulation and actual measurement result are as shown in fig. 9-12, and as shown in fig. 9, the result of simulation sees, from exceeding 2.3 to 4.4GHz scope bandwidth, inputs Return Loss (RL) >15dB, and Insertion Loss (IL) < 0.28 dB. The 15dB input return loss bandwidth (centered at 3.38 GHz) is 59.6%. The insertion loss of about 0.5dB (excluding the 6dB distribution loss) includes the loss between the SMA to microstrip transmission line and the SMA contact. In addition, the measured unbalance Amplitude (AI) in the working bandwidth range is less than 0.14dB, and the experimental result is well consistent with the simulation result. The output return loss RL is shown in fig. 10. The return loss RL is more than 12.4dB from 1.88 to 4.38 GHz. Fig. 11 shows the output isolation of the simulation and actual measurement results. The analog isolation is greater than 15db in the frequency range of 2.0-5.0GHz, where | S24| and | S35| are determined primarily by air bridge isolation resistance. Fig. 12 shows the measured phase and good outphasing performance can be seen. Furthermore, table 3 shows a comparison of the power divider proposed by the present invention with other power dividers.
RL：return loss，IL：insertion loss，Iso：isolation，AI：amplitudeimbalance，NO：number of outputs，ML：microstrip line，LCL：looped coupled line.
TABLE 3
Above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the design of the present invention, equivalent replacement or change should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model discloses the part that does not relate to all adopts prior art to realize.
Claims (7)
1. A miniaturized broadband four-way out-phase power divider based on Marchand branch balun comprises a microstrip medium substrate, an input microstrip line port, four output microstrip line ports, four short-circuit coupling microstrip lines, a high-impedance resistance load microstrip line, an isolation resistor and two rectangular ring grooves; the length of the dielectric substrate is L1, the width of the dielectric substrate is W1, and the dielectric substrate is symmetrical with the center of the input microstrip line; the method is characterized in that: the output coupling microstrip lines are positioned on two sides of the input coupling line, and the output coupling microstrip lines are parallel to each other; the isolation resistor in the middle of the high-impedance load microstrip line is used as a load to be provided with a shunt high-impedance line, and the shunt high-impedance line is positioned in the middle of the dielectric substrate; an air bridge type resistor is arranged at the connection position of the output coupling microstrip line in-phase output port; the rectangular ring groove is arranged on the medium substrate grounding metal layer.
2. The MARCHAND branch balun-based miniaturized broadband four-way out-of-phase power splitter of claim 1, wherein: the microstrip line Marchand branch balun realizes the power distribution function through the coupling between the parallel Microstrip Lines (MLs).
3. The MARCHAND branch balun-based miniaturized broadband four-way out-of-phase power splitter of claim 1, wherein: the etched rectangular ring groove under the coupled parallel Microstrip Line (MLs) improves coupling performance and operating bandwidth.
4. The MARCHAND branch balun-based miniaturized broadband four-way out-of-phase power splitter of claim 1, wherein: the air bridge resistance isolation circuit optimizes output matching impedance and isolation.
5. The MARCHAND branch balun-based miniaturized broadband four-way out-of-phase power splitter according to claim 2, wherein: after a radio-frequency signal is input from the input microstrip line, radio-frequency power is transmitted to the Marchand branch balun of the microstrip line, and the signal is divided and distributed to 4 output ports through coupling between adjacent microstrip lines in the Marchand branch balun.
6. The MARCHAND BRANCH-BASED MINIMIZED BROADBAND FOUR OUT PHASE POWER DISTRIBUTOR OF claim 3, wherein: the rectangular ring groove is positioned on the grounding metal layer below the coupling microstrip line.
7. The MARCHAND BRANCH-BASED MINIMIZED BROADBAND FOUR OUT PHASE POWER DISTRIBUTOR OF claim 4, wherein: the air bridge resistor is arranged at the connection position of the in-phase output port of the output coupling microstrip line.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113013566A (en) * | 2021-03-21 | 2021-06-22 | 南通大学 | Switchable microstrip double balun |
| CN113764851A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-07 | 杭州泛利科技有限公司 | IPD-based miniaturized low-insertion-loss broadband balun |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113013566A (en) * | 2021-03-21 | 2021-06-22 | 南通大学 | Switchable microstrip double balun |
| CN113013566B (en) * | 2021-03-21 | 2022-01-28 | 南通大学 | Switchable microstrip double balun |
| CN113764851A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-07 | 杭州泛利科技有限公司 | IPD-based miniaturized low-insertion-loss broadband balun |
| CN113764851B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-07-19 | 杭州泛利科技有限公司 | IPD-based miniaturized low-insertion-loss broadband balun |
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