CN210786836U - Coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower and flue gas complementary energy recovery system with load adaptability - Google Patents
Coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower and flue gas complementary energy recovery system with load adaptability Download PDFInfo
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- CN210786836U CN210786836U CN201920764478.XU CN201920764478U CN210786836U CN 210786836 U CN210786836 U CN 210786836U CN 201920764478 U CN201920764478 U CN 201920764478U CN 210786836 U CN210786836 U CN 210786836U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of flue gas heat recovery and purification, in particular to a coal-fired flue gas waste energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability, which comprises a tower body, wherein the top of the tower body is provided with a gas outlet, the bottom of the tower body is provided with a gas inlet, and a demister is arranged below the gas outlet in the tower body; the below of defroster is equipped with sprays the layer, it includes liquid distributor to spray the layer, and liquid distributor's below is for spraying the district, and the below that sprays the district is equipped with the water collector, sprays to be equipped with a plurality of baffle with flue gas flow direction parallel in the district, and the baffle will spray the district and cut apart into a plurality of and independently spray the district, and every below that independently sprays the district all is equipped with the flue gas baffle that can turn. The spray tower can control the opening and closing of the independent spraying areas in the spraying layer according to the flow control of the flue gas, further control the division of the liquid distributor, reduce the spraying water flow, concentrate the heat exchange in the area and improve the heat exchange efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas heat recovery and purification, and particularly relates to a coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability.
Background
China is the largest world coal producing and consuming country and also a big economic country taking coal as main primary energy, and the rapid development of the power generation and heating industry leads the coal consumption of China to be continuously increased. The coal-fired unit of China is mostly provided with a wet desulphurization system, and the flue gas is discharged through a chimney or a wet chimney after passing through a wet electric precipitator according to the environmental protection regulations of different regions, wherein the flue gas is in a wet saturation state and carries a large amount of water vapor.
In development and planning of China, water-saving requirements are provided, meanwhile, policies of promoting recycling of medium-low-grade waste heat and residual pressure resources are provided for energy conservation and environmental protection, and industrial low-grade waste heat resources are innovatively applied to urban centralized heating and the like. And organizing and implementing energy-saving key projects such as energy-saving and environment-friendly comprehensive promotion of the coal-fired boiler, coal consumption reduction substitution, urbanization energy-saving upgrading modification and the like. At present, the emission of coal-fired flue gas after wet desulphurization mainly has the following problems:
due to the technological characteristics of wet desulphurization, the flue gas and the slurry are in countercurrent contact to gradually reach a wet saturation state, the typical working condition is that the flue gas temperature is about 52 ℃, the water vapor content is about 112g/Nm3, and the flue gas contains a large amount of desulphurization products, including sulfate, desulfurizer, nitrate, chloride ions and the like. The emission of the partial steam and the desulfurization products into the atmosphere can cause the phenomena of white smoke plume and gypsum rain, and influence the environment and visual sense around the chimney.
The existing flue gas emission mode has high water vapor content, which means the waste of a large amount of water and low-temperature waste heat. On one hand, the desulfurization process has huge water consumption and needs to continuously supplement process water; on the other hand, enterprises are urgently improving the thermal efficiency of boilers, and in some areas, new coal-fired boilers are not allowed to be built, so that low-temperature waste heat needs to be utilized to the maximum extent.
The existing spray heat exchange technology has the problems of how to adapt to the change of flue gas volume caused by factory load and the change of return water temperature of a heat supply network caused by seasons. The absorption heat pump has load adaptability of 20-105%, but the absorption heat pump is adjusted only by the heat pump, so that the problem of single adjustment mode exists. The unit starts and stops frequently, and stabilization time is long, and heat pump set will leave great allowance when designing. In addition, the whole spraying water quantity is kept unchanged, the power consumption of the water pump is large, the temperature of the heat source water at the inlet of the heat pump is reduced, and the improvement of the whole efficiency is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray column with load adaptability, which solves the problem that the adjustment is only carried out by a heat pump, and the adjustment mode is single; the start and stop of the heat pump unit are frequent, the stabilization time is long, and a large margin is reserved when the heat pump unit is designed; and the whole spraying water quantity is kept unchanged, the power consumption of the water pump is large, the temperature of the heat source water at the inlet of the heat pump is reduced, and the whole efficiency is not improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the tower comprises a tower body, wherein an air outlet is formed in the top of the tower body, an air inlet is formed in the bottom of the tower body, and a demister is arranged below the air outlet in the tower body; the below of defroster is equipped with sprays the layer, spray the layer and include liquid distributor, liquid distributor's below is for spraying the district, sprays the below in district and is equipped with the water collector, sprays to be equipped with a plurality of baffle with flue gas flow direction parallel in the district, and the baffle will spray the district and cut apart into a plurality of and independently spray the district, and every below that independently sprays the district all is equipped with the flue gas baffle that can turn, and when flue gas baffle closed, the flue gas will be followed other independent spray zone and discharged.
Furthermore, the liquid distributor comprises a plurality of water spray pipes, nozzles are arranged below the water spray pipes, and the water spray pipes are communicated with a water inlet on the side wall of the tower body.
Furthermore, the liquid distributor is divided into independent subareas with the same number as the independent spraying areas in the spraying area, each subarea is matched with the independent spraying area below, and each independent subarea is independently controlled.
Furthermore, the smoke baffle is an electric turning plate.
Furthermore, the water pan is provided with a water outlet which is communicated with a water outlet pipe on the side wall of the tower body.
Further, the gas outlet is arranged on the side face of the top of the tower body.
A flue gas complementary energy recovery system comprises the coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability, a condensation water tank, a heat exchanger and an absorption heat pump, wherein one branch of a water outlet pipe of the coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability is connected with a hot end water inlet of the heat exchanger, the other branch of the water outlet pipe of the coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability is connected with a water inlet of the condensation water tank, a hot end water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a liquid distributor through a water pump, a water outlet of the condensation water tank is connected with a water inlet of a demister through the water pump, and a cold.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) energy conservation and higher heat exchange efficiency. The opening and closing of the independent spraying areas in the spraying layer are controlled according to the flue gas flow, so that the areas where the liquid distributors are opened are controlled, the spraying water flow is reduced, the heat exchange in a concentrated area is realized, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher.
(2) And (5) saving water. According to the technology, the heat is obtained by condensing the water vapor in the flue gas, the water vapor forms condensed water, and the condensed water can be used for water supplement of a desulfurization system, so that the technology has great significance for regions with water shortage.
(3) And (5) removing white, and further purifying the smoke. Partial water vapor and desulfurization products in the flue gas are collected into the spray water, so that the phenomena of white smoke plume and gypsum rain caused by emission into the atmosphere are reduced, and the flue gas can achieve ultra-clean emission. .
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure according to one aspect of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spray level structure according to one aspect of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas waste energy recovery system configuration according to one aspect of the present disclosure;
in the figure: 1-tower body, 2-air outlet, 3-demister, 4-spraying layer, 401-liquid distributor, 402-water pan, 403-clapboard, 404-independent spraying area, 405-electric turning plate, 5-air inlet, 6-condensation water tank, 7-heat exchanger and 8-absorption heat pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the embodiments, but the invention is not limited thereto, and the structures, the proportions, the sizes, and the like, which are shown in the drawings, are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used for limiting the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical essence, and any structural modification, changes in proportion, or adjustments in size, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear" and "middle" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.
As shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a tower body 1, wherein an air outlet 2 is arranged at the top of the tower body 1, an air inlet 5 is arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and a demister 3 is arranged below the air outlet 2; the below of defroster 3 is equipped with sprays layer 4, it includes liquid distributor 401 to spray layer 4, the below of liquid distributor 401 is for spraying the district, the below that sprays the district is equipped with water collector 402, it is equipped with two crossing baffles 403 of cross in the district to spray, the intersection is the center that sprays the district, it is four independent spray zone 404 of equidimension to spray the district and cut apart into by two crossing baffles, every below that independently sprays district 404 all is equipped with electronic board 405 that turns over, electronic board 405 that turns over is used for controlling the trend of flue gas, play the effect of reposition of redundant personnel. The liquid distributor 401 is likewise divided into four equally sized independent partitions, each of which is independently controllable.
The liquid distributor 404 includes a plurality of water spray pipes, nozzles are disposed below the water spray pipes, and the water spray pipes are communicated with a water inlet on the side wall of the tower body.
The spray water after heat exchange is discharged from the water receiving disc, and the water contains dust and desulfurization products and is used as the hot end of the plate heat exchanger and used as circulating spray water after heat exchange of the plate heat exchanger. The cold end of the plate heat exchanger is connected with the absorption heat pump, and the absorption heat pump is used for taking out heat and heating backwater of a heat supply network. For example, a 50t/h pulverized coal furnace can recover 4.7t/h of water and 3.3MW of heat and improve the boiler efficiency by 9.4 percent by reducing the desulfurized flue gas from 52.5 ℃ to 38 ℃ and reducing the water content from 112g/Nm3 to 53 g/Nm 3. The part of heat is merged into a heat supply network after being upgraded by an absorption heat pump, and a large amount of low-grade waste heat is recovered.
Under the conditions of low load and small smoke quantity, part of the electric turning plate 405 is closed, so that the smoke and spray water are in contact heat exchange (countercurrent) from one side of the opened electric turning plate 405. At this time, reasonable flue gas flow rate and spray density (optimal operating conditions) in some opened independent spray area 404 areas can be still maintained, the heat exchange efficiency of the tower per se is highest, and the pressure drop of the tower is within a design range. Meanwhile, on the premise of ensuring that the temperature of the heat source water at the inlet of the heat pump is unchanged, the spraying water quantity can be reduced, and the reduction of the power consumption of the water pump is facilitated.
For example, in a 70MW boiler system, the spray tower is designed according to the above embodiments to recover approximately 25.2Gj/h at full load. Three layers of spray heads (about 60 spray heads) are longitudinally designed, the designed coverage area is about 24m2, no spraying dead angle in the tower can be ensured, and the spraying density can be flexibly converted between 0-15L/Nm 3. In order to embody load adaptability, when the system power is 30MW, the flue gas amount is reduced to 43% of the original amount, two independent spraying areas 404 (the subareas of flue gas baffles and liquid distributors which are associated with the independent spraying areas are closed) in the spraying areas are closed, in order to ensure that the tower dynamic load is stable, the two independent spraying areas are closed diagonally, the flue gas flow rate is slightly lower than the design value, about 1.72m/s, the liquid-gas ratio is controlled at 2.5L/Nm3, and the spraying water amount is controlled by an electromagnetic valve and a pipeline. The spraying water flow is reduced by 60 percent, and the power consumption of the water pump can be saved by about 15 kilowatt-hours. The temperature of the heat source water of the heat pump keeps a designed value, the flow is reduced, the regulation and the control are convenient, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher.
As shown in fig. 2, a flue gas complementary energy recovery system comprises the above coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability, a condensate tank 6, a heat exchanger 7 and an absorption heat pump 8, wherein one branch of a water outlet pipe of the coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability is connected with a hot end water inlet of the heat exchanger 7, the other branch is connected with a water inlet of the condensate tank 6, a hot end water outlet of the heat exchanger 7 is connected with a liquid distributor 401 through a water pump, a water outlet of the condensate tank 7 is connected with a water inlet of a demister 3 through a water pump, and a cold water end of the heat exchanger 7 is connected with the absorption heat pump 8.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. Spray column is retrieved to coal-fired flue gas complementary energy with load adaptability, including the tower body, the top of tower body is equipped with the gas outlet, and the bottom of tower body is equipped with air inlet, its characterized in that: a demister is arranged below the air outlet in the tower body;
the below of defroster is equipped with sprays the layer, it includes liquid distributor to spray the layer, and liquid distributor's below is for spraying the district, and the below that sprays the district is equipped with the water collector, sprays to be equipped with a plurality of baffle with flue gas flow direction parallel in the district, and the baffle will spray the district and cut apart into a plurality of and independently spray the district, and every below that independently sprays the district all is equipped with the flue gas baffle that can turn.
2. The coal-fired flue gas waste energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability of claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid distributor comprises a plurality of water spray pipes, nozzles are arranged below the water spray pipes, and the water spray pipes are communicated with a water inlet on the side wall of the tower body.
3. The coal-fired flue gas waste energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability of claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid distributor is divided into independent subareas with the same number as the independent spraying areas in the spraying area, each subarea is matched with the independent spraying area below, and each independent subarea is independently controlled.
4. The coal-fired flue gas waste energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability of claim 1, characterized in that: the smoke baffle is an electric turning plate.
5. The coal-fired flue gas waste energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability of claim 1, characterized in that: the water receiving tray is provided with a water outlet which is communicated with a water outlet pipe on the side wall of the tower body.
6. The coal-fired flue gas waste energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability of claim 1, characterized in that: the gas outlet is arranged on the side surface of the top of the tower body.
7. The utility model provides a flue gas complementary energy recovery system which characterized in that: the system comprises the coal-fired flue gas waste energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability, a condensation water tank, a heat exchanger and an absorption heat pump, wherein one branch of a water outlet pipe of the coal-fired flue gas waste energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability is connected with a hot end water inlet of the heat exchanger, the other branch of the water outlet pipe of the coal-fired flue gas waste energy recovery spray tower with load adaptability is connected with a water inlet of the condensation water tank, a hot end water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a liquid distributor through a water pump, a water outlet of the condensation water tank is connected with a water inlet of a demister through a water pump, and a cold water.
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| CN201920764478.XU CN210786836U (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower and flue gas complementary energy recovery system with load adaptability |
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| CN201920764478.XU CN210786836U (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery spray tower and flue gas complementary energy recovery system with load adaptability |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110237682A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-09-17 | 国惠环保新能源有限公司 | A kind of coal-fired flue-gas complementary energy recycling spray column with load adaptability |
| CN112629281A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery packed tower and system with load adaptability |
| CN114904373A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-16 | 江苏科技大学 | Carbon dioxide dryer for flue gas carbon capture |
| CN114950118A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-30 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Spraying system for wet desulphurization |
| CN115382378A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-11-25 | 国家电投集团远达环保工程有限公司 | Flue gas treatment device and desulphurization unit |
-
2019
- 2019-05-24 CN CN201920764478.XU patent/CN210786836U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110237682A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-09-17 | 国惠环保新能源有限公司 | A kind of coal-fired flue-gas complementary energy recycling spray column with load adaptability |
| CN112629281A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Coal-fired flue gas complementary energy recovery packed tower and system with load adaptability |
| CN115382378A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-11-25 | 国家电投集团远达环保工程有限公司 | Flue gas treatment device and desulphurization unit |
| CN114904373A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-16 | 江苏科技大学 | Carbon dioxide dryer for flue gas carbon capture |
| CN114904373B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-10-03 | 江苏科技大学 | Carbon dioxide dryer for capturing carbon in flue gas |
| CN114950118A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-30 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Spraying system for wet desulphurization |
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