CN210784633U - Auxiliary femoral reduction device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a fracture auxiliary reduction device, in particular to a femur auxiliary reduction device, which comprises a fixing component, a positioning component and a symmetrical turning component, wherein the symmetrical turning component comprises a turning seat and two symmetrically-unfolded positioning arms which are arranged on the turning seat and can adjust the distance between the two positioning arms, the turning seat is arranged on the fixing component, the positioning component comprises a plane connecting rod mechanism which is fixed on one positioning arm, a turning side plate plane connecting rod mechanism which is arranged on the plane connecting rod mechanism and protrudes out of the plane connecting rod mechanism and is used for positioning a greater trochanter, the plane connecting rod mechanism comprises three mutually-hinged telescopic rods, the hinged part of the telescopic rod is provided with a positioning hole b for positioning the tibial tuberosity, the utility model utilizes the principle of human skeleton mirror symmetry, positions the superior iliac spine by arranging the positioning arms which rotate synchronously, and positions the greater trochanter and the tibial tuberosity at the healthy side of a, after positioning is finished, the patient is turned to the affected side of the human body, and the positioning basis is used as the reference for femoral fracture reduction.

Description

Auxiliary femoral reduction device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to a fracture auxiliary reduction device specifically is to involve a thighbone auxiliary reduction device.

Background

For the femoral fracture operation, accurate and rapid reduction is a difficult point of the whole operation and is also a key point, the femoral is shortened and the rotary displacement is obvious after the fracture due to the traction of strong muscles around the femoral, the femoral is a circular crown tubular bone, no obvious bony mark exists in the middle section, the problem that the accurate positioning is very difficult due to the traction of the strong muscles in the operation is overcome, the fracture reduction in the operation is repeated, the local soft tissue injury is aggravated, and delayed healing or nonhealing after the fracture operation is often caused.

At present, be used for femoral fracture operation resetting means, help the art person to a certain extent to save the intraoperative traction problem, operation time has been saved greatly, the operation degree of difficulty has been reduced, but often appear rotatory and the shortening deformity after reseing, lack the effect to the thighbone calibration that resets, it often relies on macroscopical sensation and art person's operation experience to make the judgement to reset, and lack the objective reference of clearly and definitely judging thighbone rotation line, the subjectivity is too strong, lead to that more patients of postoperative have thighbone rotation deformity. In an actual femoral comminuted fracture case, the rotation and the short deformity are more common after the operation, but most of the current reduction methods are combined with the X-ray transmission in the operation and complex calculation or rely on subjective visual judgment to carry out reduction, but a large reduction error exists, the complex calculation has poor operability in the actual clinical operation process, and the subjective visual judgment often causes the rotation and the short deformity reduction after the operation. The self-made retractors and the robot repositors for repositioning various types of commonly used femoral fractures in the operation can conveniently help the repositors to reposition femoral fractures in the operation, but almost all the existing external retractors and most of the existing robot repositioning systems do not have the objective and accurate correction functions of rotation and shortening, and the robot repositioning device has high requirements on medical environments, is complex in connection and is not suitable for popularization and use, so that the robot repositioning device can be simply operated and is suitable for the actual repositioning requirements of clinical operations, and has the correction functions of fracture rotation and shortening deformity so as to meet the equipment of femoral repositioning standards, thereby meeting the urgent market requirements.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a mirror image thighbone auxiliary reduction device who has correction function to the rotation of femoral fracture, shortening deformity.

The utility model discloses an content is including fixed subassembly, locating component and symmetry upset subassembly, the symmetry upset subassembly includes that the upset seat expandes with two symmetries that set up on the upset seat can adjust the location arm of distance each other, and the setting of upset seat is on fixed subassembly, the locating component is including fixing plane link mechanism on a location arm, setting on plane link mechanism and outstanding in the upset curb plate that plane link mechanism is used for fixing a position the greater trochanter plane link mechanism includes three mutual articulated telescopic links, and the articulated department of telescopic link is provided with the locating hole b that is used for fixing a position the shin bone tuberosity.

Furthermore, the end part of the positioning arm is provided with a gear, the two gears are meshed with each other and arranged in the overturning seat, and the other end of the positioning arm is provided with a positioning hole a for positioning the anterior superior iliac spine.

Furthermore, the fixed assembly comprises a cross beam, lifting moving frames arranged at two ends of the cross beam and sliding blocks arranged on the cross beam and used for connecting the symmetrical overturning assemblies.

Furthermore, a shaft hole is formed in one side of the sliding block, and a rotating shaft matched with the shaft hole is arranged on one side of the overturning seat.

Furthermore, the two ends of the cross beam are provided with rotating shafts, the lifting moving frame is provided with rotating holes matched with the rotating shafts, the rotating shafts are provided with limiting rods, and the lifting moving frame is provided with limiting grooves corresponding to the limiting rods.

Furthermore, one side of the turning side plate is provided with a sliding groove, a positioning plate is arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, and a positioning hole c for positioning the large rotor is formed in the positioning plate.

Furthermore, the positioning assembly further comprises a fixed block, one end of the fixed block is connected with the overturning side plate, and the other end of the fixed block is hinged with the plane connecting rod mechanism.

Furthermore, a limiting block used for limiting the turning angle of the turning side plate is arranged on the fixing block.

Further, the utility model discloses still including the spacing subassembly of upset curb plate, the spacing subassembly of upset curb plate includes the guide arm and sets up the sliding sleeve d in upset seat one side, be provided with the connecting hole that the guide arm corresponds on the fixed block, guide arm one end sets up in the connecting hole, and the other end sets up in sliding sleeve d.

Further, the connecting hole is perpendicular to the axis of the sliding sleeve d.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that, the utility model discloses utilize human skeleton mirror symmetry's principle, through setting up two synchronous pivoted locating arms location ilium anterior eminences, as mirror image upset benchmark, rethread locating component is first at the healthy side location greater trochanter of human body and shin bone tuberosity, carry out 180 upsets through the upset seat with locating component and locating arm after the location is accomplished, overturn to the affected side of human fracture, regard this location basis as the reference that femoral fracture resets, the utility model discloses simple to use, location accuracy and reaction are rapid, make in the femoral reduction surgery of affected side, length displacement and rotatory displacement can be corrected, improve treatment, are applicable to the reduction correction of human femoral fracture especially femoral comminuted fracture; through setting up plane link mechanism and upset curb plate, make the location of shin bone tuberosity and greater trochanter accurate fast, set up plane link mechanism into three mutual articulated telescopic links to adapt to the affected side of different physiques, three telescopic links are articulated each other, stable in structure, and the adjustment is convenient, and guarantees that setpoint an and setpoint b are in a plane all the time, simplifies the location degree of difficulty.

In order to facilitate auxiliary help for femoral reduction operation, positioning holes a, b and c which are 3mm through holes are respectively arranged on the positioning arm, the plane link mechanism and the positioning plate, a 3mm Kirschner wire is drilled into the patient to fix the patient at the affected side after positioning is finished, and the traction and fixation effect is maintained on the femur, so that the operation is conveniently carried out on subsequent steel plates or intramedullary nails, the reduction accuracy of fracture in the operation is greatly improved, and the operation difficulty is reduced.

One end of each of the two positioning arms is engaged with the gear, and the other end of each of the two positioning arms is provided with a positioning hole a for positioning the anterior superior iliac spine.

Through setting up crossbeam, slider and lift removal frame, can adjust the three-dimensional coordinate of locating component and symmetry upset subassembly, and adjust conveniently, can remove symmetry upset subassembly and locating component to human location position department fast.

The rotating shaft is arranged on the overturning seat, and the shaft hole is formed in the sliding block, so that the positioning assembly and the symmetrical overturning assembly can be conveniently overturned in a mirror image mode.

Through set up the axis of rotation on the crossbeam, set up the rotation hole on lifting slide to through the cooperation in axis of rotation and rotation hole, further simplify the mirror image upset degree of difficulty, before locating component and symmetry upset subassembly carry out the mirror image upset, rotate the crossbeam 90, carry out the mirror image upset again, reset the crossbeam at last, accomplish the location, through rotating the crossbeam, prevent when locating component and symmetry upset subassembly carry out the mirror image upset, the touching suffers from the side, lead to suffering from the secondary injury and the influence positioning accuracy of side.

Through set up the sliding tray on the upset curb plate to slide in the sliding tray and set up the locating plate, fix a position with the greater trochanter that uses the patient of different physiques.

Through setting up the fixed block, after the mirror image upset is accomplished to the plane link mechanism in locating component, the accessible fixed block overturns to the locating plate board to reach the mirror image upset of locating plate.

Through setting up the spacing subassembly of upset curb plate, be that the locating plate is when fixing a position and upset, keep the locating plate and be in parallel state with the mirror plane of human skeleton, the location and the subsequent kirschner wire of the big rotor of being convenient for bore.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the turnover side plate of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of the symmetrical flip assembly of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 fixed head, 2 sliding upright, 3 lifting slide block, 4 spacing groove, 5 crossbeam, 6 spacing rod, 7 slide block, 701 shaft hole, 8 turning seat, 801 rotating shaft, 9 turning rod, 10 positioning arm a, 11 positioning arm b, 12 positioning hole a, 13 guiding rod a, 14 sliding sleeve a, 15 guiding rod b, 16 sliding sleeve b, 17 positioning hole b, 18 guiding rod c, 19 sliding sleeve c, 20 fixed block, 2001 spacing block, 2002 connecting hole, 21 turning side plate, 2101 sliding groove, 2102 guiding groove, 22 positioning plate, 23 positioning hole c, 24 guiding rod, 25 sliding sleeve d.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-4, the utility model discloses an including fixed subassembly, locating component and symmetry upset subassembly, symmetry upset subassembly includes upset seat 8 and the locating arm that can adjust the distance each other that sets up two symmetries on upset seat 8 expand, and two locating arms are locating arm a10 and locating arm b11 respectively, and two locating arm tip pass through gear engagement and connect, and it is opened and closed and go on in step all for fix a position anterior superior iliac spine, and upset seat 8 rotates to connect and sets up on fixed subassembly, locating component includes the plane link mechanism of fixing on locating arm b11, fixes on the plane link mechanism and outstanding in the upset curb plate 21 that plane link mechanism is used for fixing a position the greater trochanter, and plane link mechanism is used for fixing a shin tuberosity, and upset curb plate 21 is used for fixing a vertex of greater trochanter, and when locating arm and locating component respectively with the anterior superior iliac spine on one side of human health, After the tibial tuberosity and the greater trochanter are positioned, the fixed component is turned over by 180 degrees through the turning seat 8, and the three positioning parts are turned over to the affected side of a human body, namely one side of femoral fracture, so that the three positioning parts are used as the reference standard for femoral fracture reduction. The planar linkage mechanism comprises three telescopic rods hinged to each other, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to simplify production cost and simplify adjustment difficulty of the telescopic rods, the telescopic rods are preferably of a guide rod and a sliding sleeve structure, the three telescopic rods are respectively a guide rod a13, a sliding sleeve a14, a guide rod b15, a sliding sleeve 20, a guide rod c18 and a sliding sleeve 23, wherein the guide rod a13 and the sliding sleeve c19 are hinged to each other and hinged to the end of a positioning arm b11, and a positioning hole a12 for positioning anterior superior iliac spines is formed in the hinged position; the sliding sleeve a14 and the sliding sleeve b16 are hinged with each other, and the hinged part is provided with a positioning hole b17 for positioning the tibial tuberosity.

The utility model discloses a location of the anterior superior spine of ilium is realized to two synchronous pivoted registration arms, through human skeleton mirror symmetry's principle, confirms the upset datum point, through setting up plane link mechanism, makes the location of the anterior superior spine of ilium and shin bone tuberosity keep going on certain plane, simplifies the location degree of difficulty. When positioning is carried out, the distance between the two positioning arms is firstly adjusted, the positioning arms are adjusted to two anterior superior iliac spine bone markers and two positioning points a12 on the body of a patient through the fixing component to be positioned, then the positioning points b17 and c23 are respectively positioned with the vertexes of the tibial tuberosity and the greater trochanter by adjusting the three telescopic rods and the positioning plates on the healthy side of the human body, the positioning component is turned over for 180 degrees through the mirror image of the turning seat 8 to the affected side of the patient after positioning is finished, the turning side plate 21 is turned over through the fixing block 20 at the same time, the turned positioning points a12, b17 and c23 are used as reference standards for femoral fracture reduction, and the vertexes of the anterior superior iliac spine, the tibial tuberosity and the greater trochanter on the affected side of the patient are drilled into a Kirschner wire to be used for traction and fixation through the positioning points a12, b 17. The utility model discloses a thighbone that the human body was good for the side resets the benchmark as the thighbone after the fracture, and the location is accurate, the reaction is quick, makes the thighbone of suffering from the side reset in the operation, and length displacement and rotary displacement obtain correcting, improve treatment, are applicable to the correction that resets of human femoral fracture especially thighbone comminuted fracture.

Wherein, locating hole a12, locating hole b17 and the locating hole c23 of setting on locating plate 22 are 3 mm's through-hole, accomplish after the location the patient affected side with the thighbone that the fracture goes up corresponding bony sign and locating hole alignment, bore into 3mm ke shi needle through the locating hole with the electric commentaries on classics again with fixed, play the fixed effect of traction to the thighbone to make things convenient for follow-up steel sheet or intramedullary nail to put into the operation, improve fracture reduction accuracy nature and reduce the operation degree of difficulty in the art greatly.

In order to improve the synchronous rate of operation of location arm, the tip of two location arms passes through the gear engagement and connects, and the modulus, the number of teeth of gear are unanimous, and in order to simplify manufacturing cost and improve structural strength, and with the tip integrated into one piece of location arm, the other end of location arm is provided with locating hole a 12.

In order to simplify the use degree of difficulty of the auxiliary femoral resetting device, the fixed assembly comprises a cross beam 5, a lifting moving frame and a sliding block 7, the lifting moving frame is arranged at two ends of the cross beam 5, the sliding block 7 is arranged on the cross beam 5 and comprises a fixed head 1 arranged on the operating bed, a sliding upright post 2 arranged on the fixed head 1 and a lifting sliding block 3 arranged on the sliding upright post 2 in a sliding mode, the fixed head 1 can slide with a side plate of the operating bed mutually to achieve the front and back movement of the auxiliary femoral resetting device, the cross beam 5 is arranged on the lifting sliding block 3 and used for adjusting the height of the positioning assembly and the symmetrical overturning assembly relative to the operating bed, the sliding block 7 is arranged on the cross beam 5 in a sliding mode and convenient to move the positioning assembly and the symmetrical overturning assembly, and the lifting moving frame and the sliding block 7 are convenient to move two positioning arms to.

In order to facilitate the overturning of the positioning assembly and the symmetrical overturning assembly, as shown in fig. 2, a shaft hole 701 is formed in the sliding block 7, a rotating shaft 801 matched with the shaft hole 701 is arranged on one side of the overturning seat 8, an overturning rod 9 is arranged on the rotating shaft 801 in order to simplify the overturning operation, an overturning groove corresponding to the overturning rod 9 is formed in the sliding block 7 in a manner of penetrating through the shaft hole 701, in the using process, the overturning rod 9 only needs to be stirred, the overturning rod 9 rotates 180 degrees along the overturning groove, the overturning rod 9 is limited by the groove wall of the overturning groove to continue to overturn, the overturning rod 9 and the overturning groove can quickly and accurately complete the 180-degree overturning of the symmetrical overturning assembly, and the operation difficulty is simplified.

In order to further simplify the overturning difficulty, rotating shafts are arranged at two ends of the beam 5, a rotating hole corresponding to the rotating shaft is arranged on the lifting slide block 3, and the rotating shaft is connected with the rotating hole in a matching way, wherein a limiting groove 4 with an angle of 90 degrees is arranged on the lifting slide block 3, a limiting rod 6 corresponding to the limiting groove 4 is arranged on the rotating shaft, when in use, after the positioning component and the positioning arm complete the positioning of the healthy side of a human body, the limiting rod 6 is stirred to rotate along the limiting groove 4, the beam 5, the symmetrical overturning component and the positioning component are overturned for 90 degrees to be away from the body part of a patient, the positioning component and the symmetrical overturning component are overturned for 180 degrees by stirring the overturning rod 9, finally the limiting rod 6 is stirred to reset, the positioning component and the positioning arm fall to the affected side of the human body for positioning, the beam 5 is rotatably connected with the lifting slide block 3, when the positioning component, reduce the error to the sick side health, reduce the probability that carries out the secondary injury to the sick side promptly, avoid touching the locating component again and influence locating component's positioning accuracy, and through the setting of spacing groove 4 and gag lever post 6, its upset convenient operation is nimble.

In order to improve the positioning accuracy and facilitate the adaptation to patients with different physiques, a sliding groove 2101 is arranged on the overturning side plate 21, a positioning plate 22 is arranged in the sliding groove 2101 in a sliding manner, the positioning plate 22 can slide up and down in the sliding groove 2101 to adapt to the positioning of the vertex of the greater trochanter of patients with different physiques, and a positioning hole c is further arranged on the positioning plate 22.

As shown in fig. 3, the utility model discloses still including the fixed block 20 that is used for connecting upset curb plate 21, the one end and the upset curb plate 21 of fixed block 20 are connected, and the other end is articulated with guide bar b15 and guide bar c 18's articulated department, and upset curb plate 21 can be connected through the shaft hole with being connected of fixed block 20, hinged joint, the utility model discloses well preferred is connected in the shaft hole, and fixed block 20 is connected upset curb plate 21 department and is provided with the axle, and upset curb plate 21 corresponds axle department and sets up porosely, through the shaft hole connection, and it rotates effectually, is convenient for install, and upset curb plate 21 is provided with the guide way 2102 that corresponds with side hinge 26 width, improves the stationarity of upset, be provided with the stopper 2001 that is used for restricting upset curb plate 21 rotation angle on fixed block 20, stopper 2001 restriction upset curb plate 21 keeps with perpendicular.

In order to ensure that the plane of the turning side plate 21 is always kept in a vertical state when the plane link mechanism is adjusted, namely, the plane is kept parallel to the mirror plane of the human skeleton, and the positioning difficulty of the large rotor is simplified, the utility model also comprises a turning side plate limiting assembly, the turning side plate limiting assembly comprises a guide rod 24 and a sliding sleeve d25 arranged on one side of the turning seat 8, the guide rod 24 is preferably in an L-shaped structure, one end of the guide rod 24 is arranged on the connecting hole 2002 of the fixed block 20 in a sliding way, and the other end is arranged in the sliding sleeve d25 in a sliding way, when the plane link mechanism is adjusted, the L-shaped guide rod 24 limits the rotating direction of the fixed block 20 relative to the plane link mechanism, so that the three telescopic rods can be adjusted, the turning side plate 21 and the positioning plate 22 are always kept parallel to the mirror plane of the human, facilitating the subsequent drilling of the kirschner wire.

In order to simplify the installation of the guide rod 24 and the fixed block and the sliding sleeve d25 and to facilitate the adjustment of the guide rod 24 and the fixed block and the sliding sleeve d25 when the three telescopic rods are adjusted, the connecting holes and the axis of the sliding sleeve d are perpendicular to each other, and in order to further simplify the adjustment process, the plane of the L-shaped guide rod 24 is coplanar with the plane of the planar linkage mechanism.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a thighbone auxiliary reset device, characterized by, is including fixed subassembly, locating component and symmetry upset subassembly, symmetry upset subassembly includes upset seat (8) and sets up the locating arm that can adjust distance each other that two symmetries on upset seat (8) expand, and upset seat (8) set up on fixed subassembly, locating component is including fixing plane link mechanism on a locating arm, setting on plane link mechanism and outstanding upset curb plate (21) that are used for fixing a position the greater trochanter in plane link mechanism includes three mutual articulated telescopic links, and the articulated department of telescopic link is provided with locating hole b (17) that are used for fixing a position the shin bone tuberosity.

2. The auxiliary femoral reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the end of the positioning arm is provided with a gear, the two gears are meshed with each other and arranged in the overturning seat (8), and the other end of the positioning arm is provided with a positioning hole a (12) for positioning the anterior superior iliac spine.

3. The auxiliary femoral reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing component comprises a cross beam (5), a lifting moving frame arranged at two ends of the cross beam (5) and a sliding block (7) arranged on the cross beam (5) and used for connecting the symmetrical overturning component.

4. The auxiliary femoral reduction device according to claim 3, wherein the slide block (7) is provided with a shaft hole (701) at one side, and the turning seat (8) is provided with a rotating shaft (801) matched with the shaft hole (701) at one side.

5. The auxiliary femoral reduction device according to claim 3, wherein the two ends of the cross beam (5) are provided with rotating shafts, the elevating moving frame is provided with rotating holes matched with the rotating shafts, the rotating shafts are provided with limiting rods (6), and the elevating moving frame is provided with limiting grooves (4) corresponding to the limiting rods (6).

6. The auxiliary femoral reduction device as claimed in claim 1, wherein one side of the turning side plate (21) is provided with a sliding groove (2101), a positioning plate (22) is arranged in the sliding groove (2101), and the positioning plate (22) is provided with a positioning hole c (23) for positioning the greater trochanter.

7. The auxiliary femoral reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the positioning assembly further comprises a fixed block (20), one end of the fixed block (20) is connected with the turnover side plate (21), and the other end of the fixed block (20) is hinged with the plane linkage mechanism.

8. The auxiliary femoral reduction device according to claim 7, wherein the fixing block (20) is provided with a limiting block (2001) for limiting the overturning angle of the overturning side plate (21).

9. The auxiliary femoral reduction device according to claim 7, further comprising a turning side plate limiting assembly, wherein the turning side plate limiting assembly comprises a guide rod (24) and a sliding sleeve d (25) arranged on one side of the turning seat (8), the fixing block (20) is provided with a connecting hole (2002) corresponding to the guide rod (24), one end of the guide rod (24) is arranged in the connecting hole (2002), and the other end of the guide rod (24) is arranged in the sliding sleeve d (25).

10. The femoral reduction aid according to claim 9, wherein the axes of the coupling hole (2002) and the sliding sleeve d (25) are perpendicular.

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