CN210778899U - Self-maintaining aluminum-air battery system - Google Patents
Self-maintaining aluminum-air battery system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210778899U CN210778899U CN201922186722.1U CN201922186722U CN210778899U CN 210778899 U CN210778899 U CN 210778899U CN 201922186722 U CN201922186722 U CN 201922186722U CN 210778899 U CN210778899 U CN 210778899U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a from keeping aluminium air battery system, including aluminium air battery, the automatic mechanism and the electrolyte circulation mechanism that adds of aluminium grain, aluminium air battery adopts container formula aluminium electrode, container formula aluminium electrode includes the container, the container intussuseption is filled with the aluminium grain and has held electrolyte, the aluminium grain automatic mechanism that adds the aluminium grain in with the feed bin through spiral delivery mechanism the container, the electrolyte circulation mechanism realizes the interpolation and the loop filter of electrolyte in the aluminium air battery through the closed loop that solution tank, circulating pump and aluminium air battery constitute. The utility model discloses can realize the automatic supplementary of aluminium electrode material and electrolyte of aluminium air cell and the automatic cycle filtration of electrolyte, realize aluminium air cell's self-sustaining, improve aluminium air cell's duration of service time and durability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a battery system, concretely relates to from maintaining aluminium air battery system.
Background
After the aluminum air battery is used for a long time, due to chemical reaction or corrosion of an aluminum electrode, the electrode material is gradually consumed, the electrode is gradually reduced, impurities also gradually appear in electrolyte, when the electrode material is insufficient to maintain normal work of the battery due to the reduction of the number of the electrode material and/or the appearance of the electrolyte due to the impurities, the electrode and/or the electrolyte are supplemented or replaced usually in a manual mode, and the steps of supplementing or replacing are tedious, inconvenient and labor-consuming. In addition, in practical application of the aluminum-air battery, most of hydrogen gas which is a byproduct of an electrochemical reaction is selectively exhausted, so that waste of hydrogen energy is caused.
The aluminum electrode of the traditional aluminum-air battery is mainly made of high-purity aluminum, the aluminum is an active metal, when the aluminum is exposed in the air, a compact oxide film can be formed on the surface of the aluminum, and the aluminum can also generate an oxide film in the electrode polarization process, so that the defect of high resistance of the oxide film is caused. In addition, the aluminum electrode of the traditional aluminum-air battery has high corrosion rate (generally 76 × 10)-3mm/a), weak deoxidizing power (usually < 2.6 ppm), and weak chemical properties (usually a = 1-3).
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For overcoming the above-mentioned defect of prior art, the utility model provides a self-sustaining aluminium air battery system can realize the automatic replenishment or the change of aluminium air battery's electrode, the automatic filtration recycling of electrolyte.
The utility model discloses realize above-mentioned purpose's technical scheme is: a self-maintaining aluminum-air battery system comprises an aluminum-air battery and an aluminum particle automatic adding mechanism, the aluminum-air battery adopts a container type aluminum electrode which comprises a container, aluminum particles are filled in the container and electrolyte is contained in the container, the automatic aluminum particle adding mechanism comprises an aluminum particle bin and a spiral conveying device, the bottom of the bin is conical, an aluminum particle outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the storage bin and is connected to a feed inlet of the spiral conveying device through an aluminum particle discharge pipe, the discharge port of the spiral conveying device is connected with the aluminum particle inlet on the container through an aluminum particle feeding pipe, or the discharge hole of the spiral conveying device is connected with an aluminum particle feeding pipe, the outlet of the aluminum particle feeding pipe is positioned above the container, and the falling material of the aluminum particle feeding pipe enters the top opening at the top of the container.
Further, the self-maintaining aluminum-air battery system further comprises an electrolyte circulating mechanism, the electrolyte circulating mechanism comprises a solution tank and a circulating pump, the solution tank is arranged at a position higher than the aluminum-air battery, the upper part of the solution tank is provided with a solution inlet, the bottom of the solution tank is provided with a solution outlet, a filter screen is arranged in the solution tank, the upper part of the aluminum-air battery is provided with a liquid feeding port, the bottom of the aluminum-air battery is provided with a liquid outlet which is connected with the solution inlet through a liquid outlet pipe, the liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the inside of a filtering space enclosed by the filter screen in the solution tank or enclosed by the filter screen and the inner wall of the solution tank, the circulating pump is installed on the liquid discharge pipe, the solution outlet is connected with the liquid adding opening through a liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the outside of the filtering space in the solution tank.
And a discharging control valve can be arranged on the aluminum particle discharging pipe.
A drain control valve may be provided on the drain pipe between the aluminum air battery and the circulation pump.
The liquid inlet pipe can be provided with a liquid inlet control valve.
Generally, the number of the container type aluminum electrodes is several, the container type aluminum electrodes are connected in series, and the aluminum particle feeding pipe is respectively connected with an aluminum particle inlet on the container of each container type aluminum electrode or aligned with a top opening on the top of the container of each container type aluminum electrode through a corresponding aluminum particle feeding branch pipe.
Generally, the number of the aluminum-air batteries is several, several aluminum-air batteries are connected in series/in parallel to form a battery pack, the liquid discharge port of each aluminum-air battery is communicated with the liquid discharge pipe through a respective liquid discharge branch pipe, and the liquid filling port of each aluminum-air battery is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe through a respective liquid inlet branch pipe.
Preferably, container formula aluminium electrode still includes clamp plate and first spring, the top of container is equipped with the top cap that is used for covering the apical foramen, the top cap through first hinge install in on the roof or the lateral wall of container, the clamp plate pass through the second hinge install in on the lateral wall in the container, the top cap with the clamp plate is installed same one side of container, the clamp plate with the top cap passes through first spring coupling, the edge of clamp plate with leave the clearance between the inner wall of container, the clamp plate is located in the container, will the inside of container divide into upper and lower two spaces, the aluminium grain is filled in the container the space of clamp plate lower part.
Furthermore, the container type aluminum electrode also comprises a second spring, and the pressing plate is connected with the bottom wall of the container through the second spring.
Furthermore, the self-maintaining aluminum-air battery system further comprises a hydrogen fuel cell and a rechargeable battery, wherein a hydrogen exhaust hole is formed in the top cover and is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell through a hydrogen conveying pipe, an electric output end of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected with a charging input end of the rechargeable battery, and the rechargeable battery is used as a power supply of the spiral conveying device and/or the circulating pump.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model discloses a container type aluminium electrode of unique structure can realize supplementing or changing the automation of aluminium electrode through the automatic mechanism that adds of aluminium grain, can realize using the interpolation and/or the loop filter of electrolyte through electrolyte circulation mechanism, and the replenishment of aluminium electrode and electrolyte, change and the loop filter of electrolyte need not artifical the participation, have realized aluminium air battery's self-sustaining, have improved aluminium air battery's duration live time and durability.
2. The utility model discloses a unique structural design of container formula aluminium electrode, when electrode material too much consumes when needing to supply, only need to add the aluminium grain in to the container can, compare in traditional aluminium electrode, electrode material's replenishment and electrode maintenance are simple and convenient and are favorable to realizing the automation that aluminium electrode supplyed or was changed.
3. The utility model discloses a container formula aluminium electrode passes through the second spring and draws the clamp plate downwards, can be with filling the aluminium grain set compaction in the space of clamp plate lower part in the container, helps the abundant reaction of aluminium grain set and electrolyte.
4. The utility model discloses a container type aluminium electrode, when needs supply the aluminium grain to the space of container inner clamp plate lower part, only need open the top cap, first spring can drive the clamp plate and upwards open simultaneously, but convenient and fast ground adds the aluminium grain to the space of container inner clamp plate lower part.
5. The utility model discloses introduce hydrogen fuel cell with aluminium air cell's electrochemical reaction accessory substance hydrogen and use as the raw materials, realized aluminium air cell's the recovery of electrochemical reaction accessory substance and recycled, avoided the waste of the energy, charge for rechargeable battery through hydrogen fuel cell, regard rechargeable battery as system's interior power unit's power again, make the interior power unit of system need not external power source, realized in the system electric energy provide certainly and self-sustaining.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the container-type aluminum electrode according to the present invention in an operating state;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of the container-type aluminum electrode according to the present invention when the top cover and the pressing plate are opened;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen recycling system composed of an aluminum air battery and a hydrogen fuel cell according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model discloses a self-sustaining aluminum air battery system, which comprises an aluminum air battery 1 and an aluminum particle automatic adding mechanism, wherein the aluminum air battery adopts a container type aluminum electrode, the container type aluminum electrode comprises a container, the top of the container is provided with a top opening, the container is filled with aluminum particles and contains electrolyte (electrolyte from an electrolyte containing space of the aluminum air battery), the aluminum particle automatic adding mechanism comprises an aluminum particle bin 2 and a spiral conveying device 3, the bottom of the bin is cone-shaped, the bottom of the cone-shaped bottom of the bin is provided with an aluminum particle outlet, aluminum particles in the bin can fall out from the aluminum particle outlet by gravity, the aluminum particle outlet is connected with a feed inlet of the spiral conveying device through an aluminum particle discharge pipe 4 and is used for conveying the aluminum particles from the bin to the spiral conveying device, the discharge port of the spiral conveying device is connected with an aluminum particle inlet on the container through an aluminum particle feeding pipe 5, or the discharge port of the spiral conveying device is connected with the aluminum particle feeding pipe, the outlet of the aluminum particle feeding pipe is located right above the container and aligned with the top opening of the container, and the spiral conveying device is used for conveying aluminum particles to the container to realize aluminum particle feeding. The spiral conveying device usually adopts a screw feeding mode, and the feeding amount of aluminum particles can be accurately controlled.
The spiral conveying device is provided with or not provided with an eccentric wheel vibration mechanism, an eccentric wheel of the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism is fixedly installed on a main shaft of the spiral conveying device, or a driving motor of the spiral conveying device adopts a double-output-shaft speed reducing motor (provided with two output shafts respectively positioned at two sides), an output shaft at one side of the driving motor is connected with the main shaft of the spiral conveying device through a coupling, and the eccentric wheel is installed on an output shaft at the other side of the driving motor.
When the eccentric wheel of the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism is fixedly arranged on the main shaft of the spiral conveying device, the eccentric wheel can be positioned at the front end (far motor end) of the main shaft or at the rear end (near motor end) of the main shaft, the shell of the spiral conveying device is divided into two parts by a partition plate, one part is a shell of the blade conveying part and can be called a main shell, the other part is a shell of the eccentric wheel part and can be called an eccentric wheel shell, and when the main shaft penetrates through the partition plate between the main body and the eccentric wheel shell, a sealing bearing for supporting the main shaft can be arranged in the center of the partition plate.
When a double-output-shaft speed reducing motor is adopted and the eccentric wheel is arranged on an output shaft at the other side opposite to the connecting side of the main shaft, a shell of a blade conveying part of the spiral conveying device and a shell of the eccentric wheel part are respectively positioned at two sides of the double-output-shaft motor, the two shells are fixedly connected through a transmission rod, the number of the transmission rods is two or more, the transmission rods are distributed at the outer sides of the double-output-shaft motor and can be approximately and uniformly distributed on the same circumference, and two ends of the transmission rods are respectively connected with the two shells, so that rigid connection between the two shells is.
The eccentric wheel vibration mechanism is used for generating vibration by depending on the eccentric action of the eccentric wheel when the spiral conveying device works, so that the whole spiral conveying device is driven to vibrate, and when necessary, the aluminum particle discharging pipe can be a metal pipe, and two ends of the aluminum particle discharging pipe are respectively connected with the aluminum particle outlet of the storage bin and the feeding hole of the spiral conveying device in a direct fixed mode or connected through a vibration reduction pipe (such as a rubber pipe section) with a certain vibration reduction effect, so that the vibration can be transmitted to the storage bin of the aluminum particles without vibration reduction or under the condition of moderate vibration reduction. If necessary, the aluminum particle discharging pipe can also be a metal pipe, and the feeding end of the aluminum particle discharging pipe is directly and fixedly connected with the discharging port of the spiral conveying device or connected with the discharging port of the spiral conveying device through a vibration reduction pipe (such as a rubber pipe) with a certain vibration reduction effect, so that vibration can be transmitted to the aluminum particle feeding pipe without vibration reduction or under the condition of proper vibration reduction, and the spiral conveying device can have certain vibration during working through proper design of vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of a vibration mechanism (optimal relevant numerical values can be obtained through theoretical calculation and/or experiments), and if necessary, one or more of the storage bin, the aluminum particle discharging pipe and the aluminum particle discharging pipe can also have proper vibration, so that the aluminum particles are prevented from being blocked in the conveying process.
The extension directions of the aluminum particle discharge pipe and the aluminum particle discharge pipe are preferably vertical downward or inclined downward, so that the gravity direction or the component direction of gravity is the same as the movement direction of the aluminum particles.
The self-maintaining aluminum-air battery system can further comprise an electrolyte circulating mechanism, the electrolyte circulating mechanism comprises a solution tank 6 and a circulating pump 7, the solution tank is arranged at a position higher than the aluminum-air battery, a solution inlet is formed in the upper portion of the solution tank, a solution outlet is formed in the bottom of the solution tank, a filter screen is installed in the solution tank, a liquid adding port is formed in the upper portion of the aluminum-air battery, a liquid discharging port is formed in the bottom of the aluminum-air battery and connected with the solution inlet through a liquid discharging pipe 8 and used for conveying electrolyte containing impurities in the aluminum-air battery to the solution tank, the liquid discharging pipe is communicated with the inside of a filtering space defined by the filter screen in the solution tank or defined by the filter screen and the inner wall of the solution tank so that the electrolyte containing impurities entering the solution tank is filtered through the filter screen, filter out impurity, install on the fluid-discharge tube the circulating pump provides power for the transport of the electrolyte that contains impurity, the solution export is connected through feed liquor pipe 9 the filling opening for rely on self gravity to carry back through filterable electrolyte aluminium air cell, the feed liquor pipe intercommunication the outside of the filtration space in the solution tank ensures to return aluminium air cell's electrolyte is the electrolyte after the filter screen filters.
And a discharging control valve 10 can be arranged on the aluminum particle discharging pipe and used for controlling the discharging of the aluminum particles.
A drain control valve 11 may be provided on the drain pipe between the aluminum air battery and the circulation pump at a position close to the aluminum air battery, for on-off control of the drain pipe. A liquid inlet control valve 12 can be arranged on the liquid inlet pipe close to the solution tank and used for controlling the opening and closing of the liquid inlet pipe.
The solution tank can also be through liquid feeding pipe intercommunication electrolyte storage tank or other electrolyte sources for work as when the electrolyte volume in the aluminium air battery is not enough to in the solution tank pour into the electrolyte, and then to add electrolyte in the aluminium air battery, perhaps aluminium air battery's filling opening directly communicates electrolyte storage tank or other electrolyte sources through the liquid feeding pipe. The liquid feeding pipe can be provided with a liquid feeding control valve for on-off control of the liquid feeding pipe.
Generally, the number of the container-type aluminum electrodes is a plurality, the container-type aluminum electrodes are connected in series and are converted into higher voltage through a DC-DC conversion circuit so as to meet the voltage requirement of the electrical equipment, the aluminum pellet feeding pipe is communicated with a plurality of aluminum pellet feeding branch pipes, the number of the aluminum pellet feeding branch pipes is the same as the number of the container-type aluminum electrodes and corresponds to the number of the container-type aluminum electrodes one by one, each aluminum pellet feeding branch pipe is connected with an aluminum pellet inlet on a container of the container-type aluminum electrode corresponding to the aluminum pellet feeding branch pipe, or an outlet of each aluminum pellet feeding branch pipe is aligned to a top opening of the container-type aluminum electrode corresponding to the aluminum pellet feeding branch pipe, and the aluminum pellet feeding pipe conveys aluminum pellets to each container-type aluminum electrode through the aluminum pellet feeding branch.
Usually, the number of the aluminum-air batteries is a plurality, the plurality of the aluminum-air batteries are connected in series/in parallel to form a battery pack, the liquid discharge pipe is communicated with a plurality of liquid discharge branch pipes, the number of the liquid discharge branch pipes is the same as that of the aluminum-air batteries, the liquid discharge branch pipes correspond to the aluminum-air batteries one by one, each liquid discharge branch pipe is connected with a liquid discharge port of the corresponding aluminum-air battery, and the liquid discharge pipe is connected with the liquid discharge port of each aluminum-air battery through each liquid discharge branch pipe. The feed liquor pipe intercommunication has a plurality of feed liquor branch pipes, the quantity of feed liquor branch pipe with aluminium air battery's the same and one-to-one, each the feed liquor branch connection is rather than the liquid filling opening of the aluminium air battery who corresponds, the feed liquor pipe is connected with the liquid filling opening of each aluminium air battery through each feed liquor branch pipe.
The container type aluminum electrode shown in fig. 2 and 3 further comprises a pressing plate 13 and first springs 14, a top cover 16 for covering a top opening is arranged at the top of the container 15, a top part of the container is partially opened or the top opening of the container forms the top opening, preferably the top opening of the container, the top cover is mounted on the top wall or the side wall of the container through first hinges, and the number of the first hinges can be several, preferably two, and the first hinges are uniformly distributed on the top cover. The clamp plate pass through the second hinge install in on the lateral wall in the container, the clamp plate is usually installed middle part in the container, the quantity of second hinge can be a plurality of, preferably two, evenly distributed installs on the clamp plate, the top cap with the clamp plate is installed same one side of container. The pressing plate is connected with the top cover through the first springs, the top ends of the first springs are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the top cover, the bottom ends of the first springs are fixedly connected with the top surface of the pressing plate, the number of the first springs is usually a plurality (such as two), and the first springs are uniformly distributed in a space between the top cover and the pressing plate. The pressing plate is positioned in the container, the pressing plate divides the interior of the container into an upper space and a lower space, the aluminum particles 17 are filled in the space at the lower part of the pressing plate in the container, and generally, the aluminum particles are filled in the space at the lower part of the pressing plate in the container. The container wall of the container can be passed by electrolyte or electrolyte ions, so that the electrolyte or the electrolyte ions in the electrolyte containing space of the aluminum-air battery can freely flow into/enter the container, for example, through holes are densely distributed on the container wall (the aperture of the through holes is smaller than the diameter of the aluminum particles), or the container is made of a material capable of penetrating the electrolyte ions (the material of the container can be a material suitable for the penetration of the electrolyte ions in the prior art), so that the electrolyte ions can be transferred in the whole battery to form current. A gap is reserved between the edge of the pressing plate and the inner wall of the container, so that the pressing plate is convenient to open and close, and meanwhile, the electrolyte in the space above the pressing plate in the container can quickly flow into the space below the pressing plate, and the electrolyte which is chemically reacted with the aluminum particles in the space below the pressing plate is supplemented. When set up on the container during the aluminium grain import (aluminium grain feeder pipe or aluminium grain feeding branch connection aluminium grain import), the aluminium grain import is seted up usually with the installation on the lateral wall that the lateral wall of second hinge is relative, the position is located the top of clamp plate is favorable to doing the top cap with the back is opened to the clamp plate, follows the aluminium grain that the aluminium grain import was added falls into smoothly in the container in the space of clamp plate lower part. When the outlet of the aluminum pellet feeding pipe or the aluminum pellet feeding branch pipe is positioned right above the container and aligned with the top opening of the container, the distance between the outlet of the aluminum pellet feeding pipe or the aluminum pellet feeding branch pipe and the top opening of the container is suitable for opening the top cover. The top cover is provided with a hydrogen vent 18 for discharging hydrogen generated by electrochemical reaction in the container. The bottom wall of the container can be provided with a drain outlet 19 for discharging residues in the container after electrochemical reaction, and the drain outlet can be provided with a switch valve.
The diameter of the aluminum particles is preferably larger than the width of the gap, so that the aluminum particles are prevented from entering the space above the pressing plate in the container from the gap.
The container type aluminum electrode may further include a second spring 20, the pressing plate is connected to the bottom wall of the container through the second spring, the top end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the pressing plate, the bottom end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom wall of the container, the number of the second springs is usually a plurality (e.g., two) and the second springs are uniformly distributed in the space between the pressing plate and the bottom wall of the container.
The ratio of the elastic coefficients of the first spring and the second spring is preferably 1: 3-1: 5, facilitating the pressing plate to compact the aluminum particle assembly in the lower space.
The second hinge can be directly installed on the side wall of the container, or a track 21 is arranged in the container, the track is vertically installed on the side wall in the container, the bottom end of the track is located at the bottom in the container, the top end of the track is located at the middle or middle upper part in the container, the quantity of the track is the same as that of the second hinge, the track is evenly distributed and installed on the side wall in the container, the installation position of the track on the side wall in the container is in one-to-one correspondence with the installation position of the second hinge on the pressing plate, one leaf plate of the second hinge is connected with the pressing plate, the other leaf plate is installed in the track corresponding to the hinge in a sliding fit manner, or a sliding block is installed in the track in a sliding fit manner, one leaf plate of the second hinge is connected with the pressing plate, and the other leaf plate is fixedly connected to the sliding block in the track corresponding to the hinge, so that the pressing plate can slide up and down in the container, different adding amounts of the aluminum particles in the container are adapted, and the aluminum particle set is further compacted under the action of the tension of the second spring.
The container, the top cover, the pressing plate, the first spring, the second spring, the first hinge, the second hinge, the track and the sliding block are all preferably made of nickel or nickel-plated metal materials, and damage caused by chemical reaction of the aluminum particles and/or the electrolyte can be effectively avoided.
The container type aluminum electrode can further comprise a top cover electric opening and closing mechanism, the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism comprises a motor and a transmission device, the power input end of the transmission device is connected with the output end of the motor, the power output end of the transmission device is connected with the top cover, and the transmission device can adopt a transmission mechanism suitable under the prior art, such as a gear connecting rod mechanism or a crank rocker mechanism. The manual or electric starting motor can control the opening and closing of the top cover through the transmission device.
The container can also be provided with an aluminum grain lower limit sensor for detecting whether the aluminum grain stacking height is lower than the lower limit height, and also provided with or not provided with an aluminum grain upper limit sensor for detecting whether the aluminum grain height is higher than the upper limit height, preferably provided with the aluminum grain upper limit sensor, wherein the sensor can adopt a sensor suitable under the prior art, such as a pressure sensor, an infrared sensor, a laser range finder or a matched laser transmitter and receiver and the like. The output of aluminium grain lower limit sensor inserts electrically controlled device, the output of aluminium grain upper limit sensor inserts electrically controlled device, electrically controlled device is equipped with or is not equipped with aluminium grain height detection data display, preferably is equipped with aluminium grain height detection data display to can the visual observation the real-time height of piling up of aluminium grain in the container judges whether need to add the aluminium grain in the container. The electric control device is provided with or not with an aluminum particle lower limit alarm device, preferably with the aluminum particle lower limit alarm device, so that when the stacking height of the aluminum particles reaches or is lower than the lower limit, alarm is given, and the aluminum particles are added into the container in a prompting manner, thereby ensuring the normal work of the battery. When the aluminum particle lower limit sensor detects that the stacking height of the aluminum particles in the container reaches or is higher than the upper limit height, the electric control device controls the motor to start and rotate reversely, the top cover is opened upwards through the transmission device, the top cover drives the pressing plate to open simultaneously through the first spring, when the aluminum particle upper limit sensor detects that the stacking height of the aluminum particles in the container reaches or is higher than the upper limit height, the electric control device controls the motor to start and rotate reversely, the top cover is closed downwards through the transmission device, and the pressing plate is closed simultaneously under the action of the pulling force of the second spring and the pushing force of the first spring. The top cover and the pressure plate can be automatically controlled to be opened and closed through the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism and the electric control device. Preferably, corresponding control signals of the electric control device can be connected to a discharge control valve on the aluminum particle discharge pipe and a control end of the screw conveyor, so that when the aluminum particle lower limit sensor detects that the stacking height of the aluminum particles in the container reaches or is lower than the lower limit height, the electric control device controls the discharge control valve to open and the screw conveyor to start, aluminum particles are added into the container, and when the aluminum particle upper limit sensor detects that the stacking height of the aluminum particles in the container reaches or is higher than the upper limit height, the electric control device controls the discharge control valve to close and the screw conveyor to stop, and the aluminum particles are stopped being added into the container, so that the automatic addition and supplement of the aluminum particles are realized, the self-maintenance of the aluminum-air battery is realized, and the continuous service time and the durability of the aluminum-air battery are improved. After the electric control device is arranged, the aluminum grain stacking height information acquired by the aluminum grain lower limit sensor and the aluminum grain upper limit sensor can be utilized by the electric control device, and the electric control device utilizes the prior art to generate a data display instruction, an alarm instruction and a control instruction for the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism, the discharge control valve and the spiral conveying device according to the received aluminum grain stacking height information, control the data display to display the aluminum grain stacking height, control the aluminum grain lower limit alarm device to alarm in time, control the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism to drive the top cover to be automatically opened and closed, control the discharge control valve to be opened and closed, and control the spiral conveying device to be started and stopped.
The aluminum-air battery can also be provided with sensors for detecting the liquid amount of the electrolyte inside the aluminum-air battery and the content of impurities in the electrolyte, and the sensors can adopt sensors suitable in the prior art, such as a pressure sensor, an infrared sensor, a laser range finder, a matched laser transmitter and receiver, a component analyzer and the like. Electrolyte circulation electrically controlled device is inserted in the output of sensor, electrolyte circulation electrically controlled device is equipped with or not is equipped with impurity content data display in electrolyte volume and the electrolyte, prefers to be equipped with impurity content data display in electrolyte volume and the electrolyte to can the direct-viewing impurity content in electrolyte volume and the electrolyte in the container judges whether need add electrolyte or electrolyte circulation filtration processing. Electrolyte circulation electrically controlled device is equipped with or is not equipped with impurity excess alarm device in electrolyte volume lower limit alarm device and the electrolyte, preferably is equipped with impurity excess alarm device in electrolyte volume lower limit alarm device and the electrolyte to report to the police when the electrolyte volume reaches or is less than the lower limit and reports to the police and/or the electrolyte in impurity content excess, the suggestion to add electrolyte in the container or carry out electrolyte circulation filtration processing, guarantee the normal work of battery. The corresponding control signals of the electrolyte circulation electric control device can be connected to a liquid discharge control valve on the liquid discharge pipe, a liquid inlet control valve on the liquid inlet pipe and a liquid feeding control valve on the liquid feeding pipe, so that when the sensor detects that the amount of the electrolyte in the container reaches or is lower than a lower limit or the impurity content in the electrolyte is excessive, the electrolyte circulation electric control device controls the liquid feeding control valve, the liquid discharge control valve and the liquid inlet control valve to be properly opened, the electrolyte is added into the container or the electrolyte is circularly filtered, and when the sensor detects that the amount of the electrolyte in the container reaches or is higher than an upper limit or the impurity content in the electrolyte meets the requirement, the electrolyte circulation electric control device controls the liquid feeding control valve, the liquid discharge control valve and the liquid inlet control valve to be properly closed, the electrolyte is stopped being added into the container or the electrolyte is circularly filtered, therefore, automatic addition and/or automatic circulation filtration of the electrolyte are realized, the self-maintenance of the aluminum-air battery is realized, and the continuous service time and the durability of the aluminum-air battery are improved. After the electrolyte circulation electric control device is arranged, the information of the electrolyte amount and the impurity content in the electrolyte, which is acquired by the sensor, can be utilized by the electrolyte circulation electric control device, the electrolyte circulation electric control device utilizes the prior art to generate a data display instruction, an alarm instruction and a control instruction for the liquid discharge control valve, the liquid inlet control valve and the liquid adding control valve according to the received information of the electrolyte amount and the impurity content in the electrolyte, and controls the data display to display the electrolyte amount and the impurity content in the electrolyte, control the alarm device for controlling the excessive impurity in the electrolyte to alarm timely and control the liquid discharge control valve, the liquid inlet control valve and the liquid adding control valve to be automatically opened and closed. The electrolyte circulation electric control device and the electric control device of the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism can adopt the same electric control device.
Referring to fig. 4, the self-sustaining al-air battery system further includes a hydrogen fuel cell 22 and a rechargeable battery 23, the vent hole on the top cover of the container is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell through a hydrogen conveying pipe 24 to introduce the hydrogen gas, which is the byproduct of the electrochemical reaction of the al-air battery, into the hydrogen fuel cell for use as a raw material, thereby recycling the byproduct of the electrochemical reaction of the al-air battery, and the al-air battery is used together with the hydrogen fuel cell (only using the hydrogen gas from the al-air battery as a raw material for power supply), so that the power supply efficiency can be improved by about 25% compared with the case of using only the al-air battery.
The electric output end of the hydrogen fuel cell can be connected with the charging input end of the rechargeable battery, the electric output end of the rechargeable battery is connected with the screw conveying device, the electric control end of the circulating pump and the motor of the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism, and the rechargeable battery serves as a power source of the screw conveying device, the circulating pump and/or the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism, so that a power mechanism in the system does not need an external power source, and self-supply and self-maintenance of electric energy in the system are realized.
The hydrogen delivery pipe may be provided with a delivery gas pump 25 for assisting in delivering hydrogen.
The hydrogen conveying pipe can be provided with a gas storage pressure equalizing tank 26 for collecting hydrogen gas and outputting the collected hydrogen gas for use, and the conveying pump is usually located on the hydrogen conveying pipe at the inlet side of the gas storage pressure equalizing tank.
The gas storage even pressure tank can be provided with an exhaust pipe 27 communicated with the atmosphere, the exhaust pipe can be used for exhausting redundant or residual hydrogen in the gas storage even pressure tank, the exhaust pipe can be provided with an exhaust valve 28, and the exhaust valve can be an automatic pressure relief valve or an electric control valve.
The hydrogen conveying pipe can be provided with a bypass emptying pipe 29, when hydrogen does not need to be introduced into the gas storage pressure equalizing tank, the hydrogen can be emptied through the bypass emptying pipe, the bypass emptying pipe is preferably connected to the hydrogen conveying pipe on the air inlet side of the gas storage pressure equalizing tank, and an emptying control valve 30 is arranged on the hydrogen conveying pipe.
The gas storage even pressure tank gas inlet side of the hydrogen conveying pipe can be provided with a gas storage even pressure tank gas inlet control valve 31, the hydrogen conveying pipe positioned at the gas outlet side of the gas storage even pressure tank can be provided with a gas storage even pressure tank gas outlet control valve 32, and the gas inlet and outlet of the gas storage even pressure tank can be controlled conveniently.
The gas storage even pressure tank can be provided with a pressure gauge for detecting the internal pressure of the gas storage even pressure tank, so that the real-time monitoring of the pressure in the gas storage even pressure tank is facilitated, and the danger caused by the overlarge pressure in the gas storage even pressure tank is avoided.
The device comprises a gas storage even pressure tank, a folded plate type gas-water separation device or an inclined plate type sedimentation device can be arranged in the gas storage even pressure tank and used for entering gas-water and/or gas-solid separation of a hydrogen-containing mixed substance in the gas storage even pressure tank, so that a non-hydrogen substance is prevented from entering a hydrogen fuel cell, a drain pipe can be arranged at the bottom of the gas storage even pressure tank and used for discharging separated water or solid substances, and a drain control valve can be arranged on the drain pipe.
The electrolyte is usually a sodium chloride solution, and 2-3% of citric acid is preferably added into the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte can be effectively promoted to fully react with the aluminum particles, and the voltage hysteresis phenomenon can be improved.
The aluminum particles take aluminum as a main raw material, the raw materials also comprise rare earth oxide and indium oxide, the rare earth oxide is lanthanide oxide, and the lanthanide oxide is any one or any combination of a plurality of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide and praseodymium oxide in any proportion.
The lanthanum oxide, the cerium oxide and the praseodymium oxide can adopt any lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide and praseodymium oxide which are suitable for being added into aluminum or preparing aluminum alloy, and other rare earth oxides with the same or similar functions can be selected.
For example, La may be used as the lanthanum oxide2O3(ii) a The cerium oxide may adopt Ce2O3And/or CeO2(ii) a The praseodymium oxide can adopt PrO2、Pr2O3And Pr6O11Any one or more of them. When a plurality of rare earth oxides are adopted, the dosage proportion of the various rare earth oxides can be random, and the selection of the rare earth oxides can be determined according to various factors such as the availability, the quality, the process and the like of raw materials. The addition of the rare earth oxide is beneficial to promoting the oxidation-reduction reaction of the whole battery and can improve the electrochemical performance of the electrode.
The indium oxide may be any indium oxide suitable for incorporation into aluminum or for preparing aluminum alloys. For example, In may be used as the indium oxide2O3. The addition of the indium oxide can lead the aluminum pole plate to be uniformly distributed with a reticular oxidation structure in the oxidation reaction, and the oxidation stability of the aluminum electrode in the reaction can be effectively improved by the structure by other technical means.
The mass percentage of the rare earth oxide in the raw material is preferably 0.015% to 0.03% (inclusive), for example, 0.015%, 0.02%, or 0.03%.
The mass percentage of the indium oxide in the raw material is preferably 0.01-0.025% (inclusive). For example, 0.01%, 0.015% or 0.025%.
The mass percentage of the aluminum in the raw material can be generally not less than 99.95%.
Like any material, other components (referring to components other than aluminum, rare earth oxides, and indium oxides) may also be present or allowed to be present in the aluminum particulate material, which may be derived from impurities contained in the raw materials, as well as allowing for the artificial addition of certain beneficial components as may be desired based on process or material properties.
The content of components other than aluminum, rare earth oxide and indium oxide in the raw material should generally be controlled to an acceptable level, for example, to a mass ratio of not more than 0.015% in the raw material. According to the experiments, the presence of other components has no noticeable or significant effect on the battery performance under this limit.
The aluminum particles prepared from the raw materials and the container type aluminum electrode adopting the aluminum particles are applied to an aluminum-air battery, and the electrochemical performance of the aluminum electrode is measured to be α =7-9 and the corrosion rate is measured to be 7.1 × 10 by taking a sodium chloride solution added with citric acid as an electrolyte-3About mm/a, the deoxidizing capacity is less than 1ppm, the oxidation stability is improved by 10-20% compared with the prior art, and the working current density of the battery (unit) is 50-60 mA/cm3Compared with the traditional aluminum-air battery, the working current density can be improved by about 180 percent.
The utility model discloses a work flow does: when the aluminum grain lower limit sensor detects that the stacking height of the aluminum grains reaches or is lower than the lower limit height, the electric control device controls the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism to open the top cover, the first spring drives the pressing plate to open simultaneously, the electric control device controls the discharge control valve to open and the spiral conveying device to start (or the discharge control valve and the spiral conveying device are opened or started in a delayed manner compared with the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism), the aluminum grains are supplemented to the space at the lower part of the pressing plate in the container, when the aluminum grain upper limit sensor detects that the stacking height of the aluminum grains reaches or is higher than the upper limit height, the electric control device controls the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism to close the top cover, and the electric control device controls the discharge control valve to close and the spiral conveying device to stop (or the top cover electric opening and closing mechanism is closed in a delayed manner compared with the discharge control valve and the spiral, and stopping supplementing the aluminum particles to the space at the lower part of the pressing plate in the container, resetting the pressing plate and compacting the aluminum particles at the lower part of the pressing plate under the action of the second spring, wherein the aluminum particles and the electrolyte in the container supply power to the outside through electrochemical reaction. When a sensor in the aluminum air battery detects that the amount of electrolyte in the container reaches or is lower than a lower limit or impurities in the electrolyte exceed the amount, an electric control device controls the liquid adding control valve, the liquid discharging control valve and the liquid inlet control valve to be properly opened, electrolyte is added into the container or electrolyte circulating filtration is carried out, and when the sensor detects that the amount of electrolyte in the container reaches or is higher than an upper limit or the content of impurities in the electrolyte meets requirements, the electric control device controls the liquid adding control valve, the liquid discharging control valve and the liquid inlet control valve to be properly closed, and electrolyte addition into the container or electrolyte circulating filtration is stopped. So relapse, realize the automatic interpolation of aluminium grain and electrolyte and the automatic cycle of electrolyte of aluminium air battery and filter, realize aluminium air battery's self-sustaining, improve aluminium air battery's duration of service time and durability.
Claims (10)
1. A self-maintaining aluminum-air battery system comprises an aluminum-air battery and is characterized by also comprising an aluminum particle automatic adding mechanism, the aluminum-air battery adopts a container type aluminum electrode which comprises a container, aluminum particles are filled in the container and electrolyte is contained in the container, the automatic aluminum particle adding mechanism comprises an aluminum particle bin and a spiral conveying device, the bottom of the bin is conical, an aluminum particle outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the storage bin and is connected to a feed inlet of the spiral conveying device through an aluminum particle discharge pipe, the discharge port of the spiral conveying device is connected with the aluminum particle inlet on the container through an aluminum particle feeding pipe, or the discharge hole of the spiral conveying device is connected with an aluminum particle feeding pipe, the outlet of the aluminum particle feeding pipe is positioned above the container, and the falling material of the aluminum particle feeding pipe enters the top opening at the top of the container.
2. The self-sustaining aluminum-air battery system according to claim 1, further comprising an electrolyte circulation mechanism, the electrolyte circulating mechanism comprises a solution tank and a circulating pump, the solution tank is arranged at a position higher than the aluminum-air battery, the upper part of the solution tank is provided with a solution inlet, the bottom of the solution tank is provided with a solution outlet, a filter screen is arranged in the solution tank, the upper part of the aluminum-air battery is provided with a liquid feeding port, the bottom of the aluminum-air battery is provided with a liquid discharging port, the liquid outlet is connected with the solution inlet through a liquid outlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the inside of a filtering space enclosed by the filter screen in the solution tank or enclosed by the filter screen and the inner wall of the solution tank, the circulating pump is installed on the liquid discharge pipe, the solution outlet is connected with the liquid adding opening through a liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the outside of the filtering space in the solution tank.
3. The self-sustaining aluminum air cell system of claim 2, wherein said aluminum pellet outlet tube is provided with a discharge control valve.
4. The self-sustaining aluminum-air battery system according to claim 3, wherein a drain control valve is provided on said drain pipe between said aluminum-air battery and said circulating pump.
5. The self-sustaining aluminum-air cell system of claim 4, wherein said inlet pipe is provided with an inlet control valve.
6. The self-sustaining aluminum-air battery system according to claim 5, wherein the number of said container-type aluminum electrodes is several, each of said container-type aluminum electrodes is connected in series, and said aluminum pellet feeding pipe is connected to an aluminum pellet inlet of a container of each of said container-type aluminum electrodes through a corresponding aluminum pellet feeding branch pipe or aligned with a top opening of a container top of each of said container-type aluminum electrodes.
7. The self-sustaining aluminum-air battery system according to claim 6, wherein the number of the aluminum-air batteries is several, several of the aluminum-air batteries are connected in series/in parallel to form a battery pack, the liquid outlet of each aluminum-air battery is connected to the liquid outlet pipe through a respective liquid outlet branch pipe, and the liquid inlet of each aluminum-air battery is connected to the liquid inlet pipe through a respective liquid inlet branch pipe.
8. The self-sustaining aluminum-air battery system according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the container-type aluminum electrode further comprises a pressing plate and a first spring, a top cover for covering the top opening is disposed on the top of the container, the top cover is mounted on the top wall or the side wall of the container through a first hinge, the pressing plate is mounted on the side wall inside the container through a second hinge, the top cover and the pressing plate are mounted on the same side of the container, the pressing plate and the top cover are connected through the first spring, a gap is left between the edge of the pressing plate and the inner wall of the container, the pressing plate is located inside the container to divide the inside of the container into an upper space and a lower space, and the aluminum particles are filled in the space below the pressing plate inside the container.
9. The self-sustaining aluminum-air cell system of claim 8, wherein said container-type aluminum electrode further comprises a second spring, said pressure plate being connected to a bottom wall of said container by said second spring.
10. The self-sustaining aluminum-air battery system according to claim 2 or 4, further comprising a hydrogen fuel cell and a rechargeable battery, wherein the container-type aluminum electrode further comprises a pressing plate and a first spring, a top cover for covering a top opening is provided on the top of the container, the top cover is mounted on the top wall or the side wall of the container through a first hinge, the pressing plate is mounted on the side wall inside the container through a second hinge, the top cover and the pressing plate are mounted on the same side of the container, the pressing plate and the top cover are connected through the first spring, a gap is left between the edge of the pressing plate and the inner wall of the container, the pressing plate is located inside the container to divide the inside of the container into an upper space and a lower space, the aluminum particles are filled in the space below the pressing plate inside the container, and the container-type aluminum electrode further comprises a second spring, the clamp plate with the diapire of container passes through the second spring coupling, the hydrogen exhaust hole has been seted up on the top cap, the exhaust hole passes through hydrogen duct connections hydrogen fuel cell's hydrogen entry, hydrogen fuel cell's electric output end is connected rechargeable battery's charging input end, rechargeable battery is as spiral delivery mechanism and/or the power of circulating pump.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111969231A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 郑州佛光发电设备有限公司 | Sustainable working battery system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111969231A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 郑州佛光发电设备有限公司 | Sustainable working battery system |
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