CN210664068U - Fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger - Google Patents
Fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN210664068U CN210664068U CN201921562504.7U CN201921562504U CN210664068U CN 210664068 U CN210664068 U CN 210664068U CN 201921562504 U CN201921562504 U CN 201921562504U CN 210664068 U CN210664068 U CN 210664068U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a fixed tube sheet heat exchanger, fixed tube sheet heat exchanger includes at least: the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger shell, a tube plate, a flexible tube plate, a heat exchange tube bundle, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; the heat exchanger shell is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; a heat exchange tube bundle is arranged in the heat exchanger shell, and the tube plate is used for fixing the heat exchange tube bundle; the flexible tube plate is used for connecting the tube plate and the heat exchanger shell, the flexible tube plate at least comprises a section of circular arc, the circle center of the circular arc is located outside the heat exchanger shell, and one end of the circular arc section is connected with the heat exchanger shell. The flexible thin tube plate with the folded edge used by the utility model has flexibility, reduces the axial temperature difference load of the tube plate and the temperature difference stress of the tube array and the shell; the diameter of the heat exchanger does not need to be increased, the short circuit condition can not be caused, and the efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a heat exchanger technical field especially relates to a fixed tube sheet heat exchanger.
Background
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a common heat exchange device in the petrochemical industry, and the conventional shell-and-tube heat exchangers in the prior art have fixed tube plate type, U-shaped tube type and floating head type heat exchangers. Since the tube sheets of such shell-and-tube heat exchangers do not allow deformation and must be rigid tubes, the tube sheets are relatively thick. The U-shaped tubular and floating head heat exchangers can well solve the problem of temperature difference stress; for a fixed tube-plate heat exchanger, when the temperature difference of the tube shell side is large, the temperature difference stress cannot be solved, the welding line between the tube and the tube plate is cracked, and the equipment fails.
In general, when the heat exchange tube and the shell are made of the same material, and the temperature difference between the shell wall and the tube wall is more than 50 ℃, the thermal compensation is considered to solve the expansion difference. Although expansion joints can be arranged to reduce temperature difference stress, due to the continuous expansion of the device scale, part of the heat exchangers exceed the range specified by the GB151-2014 shell-and-tube heat exchanger (applicable maximum diameter 2600MM) and GB16749-1997 pressure vessel waveform expansion joint standards, so that the design is out of specification and can be recycled. Meanwhile, part of process media are not applicable to the arranged austenitic stainless steel expansion joint, so that improvement on the prior art is urgently needed.
The measures are mainly started from two aspects of process and structure, and the method which can be adopted comprises the following steps: reducing the temperature difference between the pipe and the shell; adopting an expansion joint; the tube bundle and the shell can be freely expanded; and (5) compensating the elastic tube plate. Wherein the elastic tube plate compensation has: elliptical tube sheet, flexible tube sheet.
An arc transition connection is formed between the flexible tube sheet and the shell, which is thin and flexible, and can compensate for the thermal expansion difference between the shell and the tube bundle. As for the stress generated in the fluid, it is borne by the stay tube.
The circular arc transition of the flexible tube plate has an optimum curvature radius r, and if the folding corner radius r is too small, although the tube plate diameter is smaller and the calculated thickness is also smaller, the secondary bending stress at the joint of the transition section and the shell is greatly increased, so that the capability of compensating the temperature difference stress is insufficient, and local stress concentration is caused. If the radius r of the corner of the folded edge is too large, although the capability of compensating the temperature difference stress is improved, the diameter of the shell is increased, namely the diameter of the tube plate is also increased, so that the primary bending stress at the center of the tube plate is correspondingly increased, and the calculated thickness of the tube plate is increased; meanwhile, the fluid close to the shell can generate a short circuit condition due to the increase of the diameter of the pipe shell, so that the efficiency of the heat exchanger is lowered.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a fixed tube-plate heat exchanger for solving the problems in the prior art.
The utility model provides a fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger, which at least comprises a heat exchanger shell, a tube sheet, a flexible tube sheet and a heat exchange tube bundle; the heat exchanger shell is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; a heat exchange tube bundle is arranged in the heat exchanger shell and fixed on the tube plate, and the tube plate is connected with the heat exchanger shell through a flexible tube plate; the flexible tube plate at least comprises an arc section, the circle center of the arc section is arranged outside the heat exchanger shell, and one end of the arc section is connected with the heat exchanger shell.
The curvature radius r of the arc is at least more than 1 time of the thickness of the shell of the heat exchanger;
preferably, the radius of curvature r of the flexible tube sheet should be 2-6 times the thickness of the heat exchanger shell.
Preferably, the curvature radius r of the circular arc is at least more than 2 times of the thickness of the shell of the heat exchanger;
more preferably, the radius of curvature r of the flexible tube sheet is 3 to 4 times the thickness of the heat exchanger shell.
The central angle corresponding to the circular arc section is larger than 90 degrees.
The flexible tube plate can also comprise a straight line section or a curved line section outside the circular arc section, wherein the straight line section or the curved line section is connected with the tube plate at one end, and the other end of the straight line section or the curved line section is connected with the circular arc section.
Preferably, the flexible tube plate is a flexible thin tube plate, and the thickness of the flexible thin tube plate is calculated by the following formula:
wherein: δ: a flexible tube sheet thickness; k is a structural characteristic coefficient; d is the diameter of the imaginary circle;
and [ sigma ] allowable stress of the tube plate material at the design temperature, and η allowable stress correction coefficient of the heat exchange tube.
As described above, the utility model discloses a fixed tube sheet heat exchanger has following beneficial effect:
1. the folded flexible thin tube plate has flexibility, so that the axial temperature difference load of the tube plate is reduced, and the temperature difference stress of the heat exchange tube bundle and the shell is reduced.
2. The thickness of the tube plate is reduced, materials are saved, the flexibility of the tube plate is increased, and the local stress of the edge of the tube plate is reduced.
3. The diameter of the heat exchanger does not need to be increased, the short circuit condition caused by shell side fluid can not exist, and the efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the flexible tube sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a prior art flexible tube sheet.
Description of the element reference numerals
1 Heat exchanger shell
2 tube sheet
3 Flexible tube sheet
4 heat exchange tube bundle
51 first fluid inlet
52 second fluid inlet
61 first fluid outlet
62 second fluid outlet
Detailed Description
The following description is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 3. It should be understood that the structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical essential meaning, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed in the present invention can cover without affecting the function that the present invention can produce and the purpose that the present invention can achieve. Meanwhile, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes, and the present invention is also regarded as the scope of the present invention.
As shown in the figures, the utility model provides a fixed tube-plate heat exchanger, which at least comprises a heat exchanger shell 1, a tube plate 2, a flexible tube plate 3 and a heat exchange tube bundle 4; a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet are arranged on the heat exchanger shell 1; a heat exchange tube bundle 4 is arranged in the heat exchanger shell 1, and the heat exchange tube bundle 4 is fixed on the tube plate 2; the tube plate 2 is connected with the heat exchanger shell 1 through a flexible tube plate 3, the flexible tube plate 3 at least comprises an arc section, the circle center of the arc section is arranged outside the heat exchanger shell 1, and one end of the arc section is connected with the heat exchanger shell 1.
The heat exchanger shell 1 is internally used for circulating a first fluid, and the heat exchange tube bundle 4 is used for circulating a second fluid.
The tube plate 2 is a flat plate structure with holes, and two ends of the tube plate 2 are connected with the heat exchanger shell 1 through the flexible tube plate 3.
The flexible tube sheet 3 comprises at least one segment of a circular arc, the curvature of the segment of the circular arc faces the outside of the heat exchanger shell 1, which is different from the prior art in that the flexible tube sheet faces the inside of the heat exchanger shell. The circle where the arc is located is an imaginary circle.
The curvature radius r of the arc section is at least more than 1 time of the thickness of the heat exchanger shell 1; for the working conditions of high temperature and high pressure (the temperature is more than 250 ℃ and the pressure is less than 5 MPa), the curvature radius r value of the flexible tube plate 3 is 2-6 times of the thickness of the heat exchanger shell 1.
Preferably, the curvature radius r of the circular arc section is at least more than 2 times of the thickness of the heat exchanger shell 1; for the working conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the curvature radius r value of the flexible tube plate 3 is 3-4 times of the thickness of the tube plate, so that the stress at the corner of the tube plate 2 can be reduced to a lower value.
The arc section of the flexible tube plate 3 is the core of the design of the tube plate 2, and the determination of the curvature radius of the arc section is one of the cores, and the position is not only subjected to the action of internal pressure, but also to the action of larger bending stress formed by the expansion difference between the heat exchange tube bundle 4 and the heat exchanger shell 1. The value of the radius of curvature r of the circular arc segment is directly related to the magnitude of the axial displacement allowed by the heat exchange tube bundle by the flexible tube plate 3. If the curvature radius r is too large, the diameter of the heat exchanger shell is increased; if the radius of curvature r is too small, thermal compensation cannot be effectively performed, and local stress concentration may be caused.
The corresponding central angle of the circular arc segment is at least 90 degrees. Preferably from 90 to 120.
The flexible tube plate 3 can also comprise a straight line section or a curved line section, one end of the straight line section or the curved line section is connected with the tube plate, and the other end of the straight line section or the curved line section is smoothly connected with the circular arc section.
Further, the flexible tube plate 3 comprises a circular arc section with the center outside the heat exchanger shell 1 and a flexible tube plate section with the tail end perpendicular to the tube plate 2.
The flexible tube plates 3 are arranged at the tube plates 2 at two sides of the heat exchanger at the same time or at one side, preferably at the tube plates 2 at two sides. The axial temperature difference load of the tube plates on the two sides can be reduced, and the temperature difference stress of the heat exchange tube bundle and the shell is reduced.
The material of the flexible tube plate 3 is equal to that of the heat exchanger shell 1. For example, it may be carbon steel or stainless steel.
Further, the flexible tube plate 3 is a flexible thin tube plate, and the thickness of the flexible thin tube plate is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein: δ: a flexible tube sheet thickness; k is a structural characteristic coefficient; d is the diameter of the imaginary circle;
and [ sigma ] allowable stress of the tube plate material at the design temperature, and η allowable stress correction coefficient of the heat exchange tube.
The meaning of each parameter is derived from GB/T151 appendix M.
The flexible thin tube plate has elasticity and can compensate the thermal expansion difference between the shell and the tube bundle.
The connection between the flexible tube plate 3 and the tube plate 2 and the heat exchanger shell 1 can be welding.
The fluid inlets comprise at least a first fluid inlet 51 and a second fluid inlet 52 and the fluid outlets comprise at least a first fluid outlet 61 and a second fluid outlet 62.
The utility model discloses in, first fluid gets into 1 shell side of heat exchanger shell through first fluid import 51, and the second fluid gets into heat exchanger tube bank through second fluid import 52, and the heat of second fluid in the heat exchanger tube bank 4 is absorbed to first fluid, partial gasification. After being cooled, the first fluid flows out through the first fluid outlet 61, and the second fluid flows out through the second fluid outlet 62, so that heat exchange is completed.
To sum up, the utility model discloses various shortcomings in the prior art have effectively been overcome and high industry value has.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fixed tube and plate heat exchanger comprising at least: the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger shell (1), a tube plate (2), a flexible tube plate (3) and a heat exchange tube bundle (4); the heat exchanger shell (1) is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; a heat exchange tube bundle (4) is arranged in the heat exchanger shell (1), the heat exchange tube bundle (4) is fixed on the tube plate (2), and the tube plate (2) is connected with the heat exchanger shell (1) through a flexible tube plate (3); the heat exchanger is characterized in that the flexible tube plate (3) at least comprises an arc section, the circle center of the arc section is arranged outside the heat exchanger shell (1), and one end of the arc section is connected with the heat exchanger shell (1).
2. A fixed tube and plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the radius of curvature r of the circular arc section is at least 1 times the thickness of the heat exchanger shell (1).
3. A fixed tube and plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the radius of curvature r of the circular arc section has a value of 2-6 times the thickness of the heat exchanger shell (1).
4. A fixed tube and plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the radius of curvature r of the circular arc section is at least 2 times the thickness of the heat exchanger shell (1).
5. A fixed tube and plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the radius of curvature r of the circular arc section has a value of 3-4 times the thickness of the heat exchanger shell (1).
6. The fixed tube and plate heat exchanger of claim 1 wherein the arc segment corresponds to a central angle of at least 90 °.
7. The fixed tube and plate heat exchanger of claim 1 wherein the arc segment corresponds to a central angle of 90 ° to 120 °.
8. A fixed tube and plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the flexible tube plate (3) further comprises a straight or curved section, one end of which is connected to the tube plate (2) and the other end is connected to a circular arc section.
9. A fixed tube-plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the flexible tube plate (3) is a flexible thin tube plate, the thickness of which is calculated by the following formula:
wherein: δ: a flexible tube sheet thickness; k is a structural characteristic coefficient; d is the diameter of the imaginary circle;
and [ sigma ] allowable stress of the tube plate material at the design temperature, and η allowable stress correction coefficient of the heat exchange tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921562504.7U CN210664068U (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2019-09-19 | Fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921562504.7U CN210664068U (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2019-09-19 | Fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210664068U true CN210664068U (en) | 2020-06-02 |
Family
ID=70814733
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921562504.7U Active CN210664068U (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2019-09-19 | Fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210664068U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-09-19 CN CN201921562504.7U patent/CN210664068U/en active Active
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