CN210660105U

CN210660105U - Portal type digging, anchoring and protecting integrated machine

Info

Publication number: CN210660105U
Application number: CN201921148848.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牛一村
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-07-22
Filing date: 2019-07-22
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-22

Abstract

A portal type tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine comprises a tunneling machine, a portal mechanism located above the tunneling machine and a telescopic front beam sleeved in a top beam of the portal mechanism and provided with an upper guide post, wherein a first anchor machine, a second anchor machine, a third anchor machine and a fourth anchor machine are respectively arranged on the telescopic front beam, the upper guide post, the top beam of the portal mechanism and the rear portion of the tunneling machine, extension shovel plate devices are arranged on two sides of a shovel loading portion, and lateral supporting devices are arranged on the rear portion or a rear supporting portion of the frame. The corresponding digging and anchoring construction method comprises the following steps: when the heading machine performs heading operation in a positioning cutting mode at the front part, the rear part of the heading machine performs the driving of the anchor rope and the lower anchor rod, and after the heading cutting operation is completed, the top plate which is just exposed at the front end of the roadway is temporarily supported in time, and the driving of the upper anchor rod and the top anchor rod is completed. The utility model has the advantages of equipment overall arrangement and rational in infrastructure, anchor protect the operating efficiency height, anchor protect the operation link personnel selection few, can realize the anterior stock in tunnel in time anchor protect, can adapt to various section shape tunnels.

Description

Portal type digging, anchoring and protecting integrated machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a coal mine tunnel tunnelling and anchor protect equipment technical field, especially relate to a portal formula is dug anchor and is protected integration and equip.

Background

At present, the most common equipment adopted in the coal mine tunnel excavation construction is a cantilever type excavator, and various excavating-anchoring machines and excavating-anchoring-protecting integrated machines meeting the support requirements of anchor rods and anchor cables are evolved on the basis of the cantilever type excavator. The anchor rod and anchor cable supporting construction method matched with the anchor rod and anchor cable supporting construction method mainly has two types, wherein the first type is a 'timely driving and anchoring method': the tunneling machine firstly performs tunneling cutting operation, stops tunneling after completing a tunneling cycle, and performs support operation of various anchor rods and anchor cables on newly exposed tunnel roofs under the protection of the temporary support device in time, wherein the tunneling operation and the anchor protection operation are performed alternately. The construction method has the advantages of timely anchoring and protecting, good anchoring and protecting effect and high safety of an operation site, and can adapt to various complex roadway geological conditions including a broken top plate and the like. The anchor protection construction method has the advantages that the tunneling operation and the anchor protection operation need to be carried out alternately, the number of anchor rods which can be arranged is small due to the limitation of the space in front of the equipment, each anchor rod needs to complete the construction of a plurality of anchor rods of different types, the time for completing the anchor protection construction of the whole section is long, and the anchor protection operation efficiency is low. The second method is a 'lag digging and anchoring method': the heading machine continuously tunnels in the front of the roadway, a temporary support device which moves forwards synchronously with the heading machine is arranged above the heading machine, different types of anchor rod machines are intensively arranged at the rear part of the temporary support device, and the heading and anchoring operation can be carried out simultaneously. The construction method has the advantages that the tunneling operation and the anchoring and protecting operation are parallel, the arrangement quantity of the anchor rod machines is large, the anchoring and protecting construction time is short, and the anchoring and protecting operation efficiency is high. The defects are that the tunnel roof cannot be anchored in time, the lagging anchoring effect is poor, the safety of an operation site is poor, and the anchoring operation link requires more workers and can only adapt to the complete geological condition of the tunnel roof. The scheme of adopting a timely tunneling and anchoring method and equipment in the prior art comprises the following steps: the system comprises a digging, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine with the notice number of CN201443396U, a rock tunnel portal type digging, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine with the notice number of CN109681225A, a digging, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine with the notice number of CN106194201B and a digging, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine with the notice number of CN 107725062A. The technical scheme of the 'lagging digging and anchoring method' and equipment adopted in the prior art comprises the following steps: the machine comprises a tunneling-anchoring-drilling integrated tunneling-anchoring machine with the notice number of CN102704929B, a fully-sealed coal roadway tunneling-anchoring synchronous machine with the notice number of CN102606153B and an arm-type intelligent cutting-tunneling-anchoring parallel all-in-one machine with the notice number of CN 107965319A.

At present, the technical schemes formed by adopting the two digging and anchoring methods are diversified, but the two methods are not effectively applied and popularized. The inherent reasons are that the adopted driving and anchoring method is large in limitation, and the whole layout and the structure of the driving and anchoring equipment corresponding to the driving and anchoring method are unreasonable. Therefore, the development of efficient and practical driving, anchoring and protecting integrated construction equipment and a construction method thereof are still one of the most popular problems in the industry.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

A primary object of the utility model is to provide an anchor all-in-one is dug to portal frame formula to solve among the prior art that the anchor driving worker method limitation is big, the anchor driving equipment overall arrangement is unreasonable with the structure, the anchor protects the long inefficiency of operation time, the anchor protects the operation link personnel use many, lag anchor protect the effect not good, to the change adaptability subalternation problem of tunnel section shape.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a portal type tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine, which comprises a tunneling machine, wherein the tunneling machine comprises a frame, a cutting part which is hinged at the front upper part of the frame and is provided with a transverse cutting roller or a longitudinal cutting roller, a shoveling part which is hinged at the front lower part of the frame, a conveyer which is positioned at the middle part of the frame, two walking parts which are positioned at the left and right sides of the frame and two rear supporting parts which are hinged at the rear parts of the left and right sides of the frame, the portal type tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine also comprises a portal mechanism and a telescopic front beam which are positioned above the frame and can be lifted up and down, the portal mechanism comprises a top beam, a left vertical guide mechanism, a right vertical guide mechanism and a left stand column and a right stand column, the bottoms of the vertical guide mechanism and the stand columns are connected with the left and right sides of, the telescopic longitudinal beam is sleeved in the top beam from the front and can be stretched back and forth, and a plurality of first anchor rod machines are arranged on the front cross beam. The first anchor rod is mainly used for driving a top anchor rod of a roadway top plate. The portal mechanism has the effects that when the heading machine is in cutting operation, the heading machine is pressed from the vertical direction to form an anchor cable and lower anchor rod construction operation platform, and when the heading machine is in anchoring operation, the extended telescopic front beam is supported from the vertical direction to form a temporary support function and an anchor rod and upper anchor rod construction operation platform.

Furthermore, a transverse guide rail and a left upper guide post and a right upper guide post are fixed on the front cross beam, a plurality of first rotary sliding seats are sleeved in the transverse guide rail, a plurality of first anchor rod machines are respectively hinged with the first rotary sliding seats, the first rotary sliding seats are driven to drive the first anchor rod machines to move left and right along the front cross beam, and a second anchor rod machine is further arranged on the upper guide posts.

Furthermore, a vertical guide rail is further fixed on the upper guide pillar, a second rotary sliding seat is sleeved in the vertical guide rail, and a second bolting machine is hinged to the second rotary sliding seat respectively and can drive the second bolting machine to move up and down along the upper guide pillar by driving the second rotary sliding seat. The second anchor machine is mainly used for driving the upper anchor rod on the upper part of the roadway side wall.

Furthermore, a plurality of groups of front-exploring supporting plates arranged at intervals are fixed at the top of the front cross beam, the front-exploring supporting plates are used for lifting an anchor net and a steel belt to be anchored and playing a role in temporarily supporting the roadway roof, and the front-exploring supporting plates can be made of elastic materials to adapt to irregular changes at the front end of the roadway roof. Two side direction supporting seats II about still articulated at the both ends of front beam, side support hydro-cylinder II articulates between side direction supporting seat II and the last group guide pillar, can drive after side support hydro-cylinder II stretches out about two side direction supporting seat II outer pendulums and transversely support in the tunnel side group to inject the lateral displacement of front beam and last group guide pillar, guarantee to go up reliable transverse orientation occasionally of group stock construction.

Furthermore, the top beam comprises a cross beam, a left longitudinal beam and a right longitudinal beam are fixed at two ends of the cross beam, the telescopic longitudinal beams are sleeved in the longitudinal beams in a matched mode and can be stretched back and forth through telescopic oil cylinders, and a third anchor rod machine is further arranged on the cross beam.

Furthermore, a transverse guide rail is further fixed on the cross beam, a plurality of third rotary sliding seats are sleeved in the transverse guide rail, a plurality of third bolting machines are respectively hinged with the third rotary sliding seats, and the third rotary sliding seats are driven to drive the third bolting machines to move left and right along the cross beam. The third anchor rod machine is mainly used for driving a top anchor cable of the roadway top plate.

Furthermore, floating supports are further arranged at the rear parts of the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam and comprise a plurality of supporting oil cylinders, and oil pipes among the supporting oil cylinders are connected in series. Because the roof of actual tunnel is the unevenness, through setting up the floating support that has the automatic balance function, can make and keep balanced atress between back timber and tunnel roof, avoid the distortion of back timber and flexible front-axle beam.

Further, the left and right vertical guide mechanisms further comprise an inner sliding column and an outer sliding sleeve which are matched with each other in a sleeved mode, the bottom of the outer sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the left side and the right side of the rack, the top of the inner sliding column is hinged to the lower portion of the left side and the right side of the top beam through a transversely arranged pin shaft III and can swing back and forth, each group of the left and right vertical columns is divided into a front column and a rear column and arranged in the front and rear portions of the vertical guide mechanisms respectively, the lower portions of the vertical columns are hinged to the left and the right sides of the rack, the upper portions of the vertical columns are hinged to the lower portion of the left side and the right side of the top beam.

As the utility model discloses another kind of improvement of well perpendicular guiding mechanism, control two sets of perpendicular guiding mechanism still including control two sets of four-bar linkage and control two balance cylinder about with, the articulated connection of side and ability swing back and forth about four-bar linkage's bottom is through the round pin axle I and the frame of horizontal setting, four-bar linkage's top articulates in back timber left and right sides side below and can swing back and forth through the round pin axle III of horizontal setting, control two stands and arrange respectively in four-bar linkage's the place ahead about, the stand lower part articulates the side about the frame, stand upper portion articulates in back timber left and right sides below, balance cylinder slant articulates between back timber and four-bar linkage, the flexible stroke of adjusting balance cylinder can make the relative frame of back timber produce vertical inclination.

As another improvement of the middle portal frame mechanism of the utility model, the portal frame mechanism also comprises a left base and a right base and a left group and a right group of diagonal draw cylinders, the left group and the right group of vertical guide mechanisms also comprise a left inner sliding column and a right outer sliding sleeve which are matched and sleeved, the bottom of the inner sliding column is hinged with the left base and the right base through a pin shaft I which is transversely arranged and can swing back and forth, the bases are respectively hinged at the left side and the right side of the frame through a pin shaft II which is longitudinally arranged and can swing left and right, the top of the outer sliding sleeve is hinged at the lower part of the left side and the right side of the top beam through a pin shaft III which is longitudinally arranged and can swing left and right, the two groups of diagonal draw cylinders are symmetrically and obliquely hinged between the top beam and the left outer sliding sleeve and the right outer sliding sleeve, each group of the left group and the right groups of upright columns is divided into a front column and a rear column and is respectively, when the telescopic strokes of the front and rear upright posts are not consistent, the top beam can generate a longitudinal inclination angle relative to the rack so as to adapt to the angle change of the roadway top plate in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.

Furthermore, a left lower upper support and a right lower upper support are fixed on the left side and the right side of the rear portion of the frame, a lower upper guide pillar is arranged on the lower upper supports, and a fourth anchor rod machine is arranged on the lower upper guide pillar.

Furthermore, a front and back adjusting mechanism is arranged between the lower support and the lower guide post, and the front and back adjusting mechanism can adopt a longitudinal sliding mechanism or a rotary swinging mechanism. The lower upper guide post is also fixedly provided with a vertical guide rail, a fourth rotary sliding seat is sleeved in the vertical guide rail, and a fourth anchor rod machine is hinged with the fourth rotary sliding seat and can be driven to move up and down along the lower upper guide post. The fourth anchor rod machine is mainly used for driving a lower anchor rod at the lower part of the roadway side wall. The front-back adjustment of the fourth bolting machine can be realized through the front-back adjusting mechanism.

Swing oil cylinders are hinged between the rotary sliding seats and the anchor rods, and the transverse swing angles of the anchor rods can be adjusted by the aid of the telescopic swing oil cylinders.

Furthermore, a left group of extension shovel plate devices and a right group of extension shovel plate devices which comprise extension shovel plates and extension oil cylinders are arranged on the left side and the right side of the shoveling part, and the extension shovel plate devices can adopt a transverse telescopic mechanism, an up-down turnover mechanism or a lateral swing mechanism to realize extension action.

Furthermore, a left group of lateral supporting devices and a right group of lateral supporting devices which comprise lateral supporting seats I and lateral supporting oil cylinders I are arranged on the rear part of the frame or the rear supporting part, and the lateral supporting devices can adopt a lateral swinging mechanism, a transverse telescopic mechanism or an oblique telescopic mechanism to realize lateral supporting action. The front part of the development machine is provided with the extended shovel plate device and the rear part is provided with the lateral supporting device, so that the development machine can avoid the transverse swing of the machine body and realize the positioning cutting during the cutting operation.

Furthermore, a front drilling rig is arranged on the cutting part. The front exploration drilling machine is used for drilling a front exploration hole at the front end of a roadway.

Furthermore, in order to ensure that the cutting end face of the roadway is as level as possible during positioning cutting, the cutting part also comprises a longitudinal telescopic mechanism.

Furthermore, in order to facilitate the operation of constructors, foldable operation pedals are respectively arranged at the lower end of the first bolting machine and the lower end of the upper guide post, and a foldable protection plate is further arranged on the front side of the first bolting machine to ensure the operation safety of front-end constructors.

Furthermore, a vertical supporting oil cylinder can be arranged in the upper guide pillar and used for auxiliary supporting of the telescopic front beam, so that the temporary supporting effect is improved.

Furthermore, an air inlet pipeline and an air exhaust dust removal pipeline can be arranged on the lower side of the top beam and/or the heading machine.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, its positive beneficial effect is:

1. the utility model discloses an adopt liftable portal mechanism, extension shovel board device and side direction strutting arrangement's combination to carry out whole about to the entry driving machine about, avoid the entry driving machine to make the fuselage produce the swing or beat because of the cutting counter-force when the cutting, make the entry driving machine fuselage provide a stable anchor when the operation of location cutting and protect the operation platform to the anchor that the assurance is located fuselage rear portion top stock and goes up group stock protects the operation and can go on in step with anterior cutting operation. Through the compaction limit of the heading machine, the vibration of the machine body can be reduced, the cutting efficiency is improved, and the reliability of equipment is improved.

2. Through adopting the portal mechanism who is equipped with oblique pull cylinder, make portal mechanism not only have very strong self stabilization ability, still have the ability of vertical and horizontal angle modulation, make the irregular shape change of adaptation tunnel roof that the back timber can be fine, equipment not only can be applicable to rectangle and arch section tunnel, can also be applicable to trapezoidal section tunnel.

3. By adopting the portal mechanism, the upper space of the equipment is reasonably and effectively utilized, the arrangement space of the anchor rod machine is larger, the arrangement quantity is more, the arrangement mode is more reasonable, the anchor rod machine can be arranged according to specific anchor rod driving functions in a partitioning manner, the anchor rod machine which needs to be anchored and protected in time and the anchor rod machine which needs to be anchored and protected in time are arranged at the front part of the equipment, the anchor rod machine which needs to be anchored and protected in time and the anchor rod machine which needs to be protected in time are arranged at the rear part of the equipment, and the front part and the rear part are alternately constructed, so that the problems of small arrangement quantity of the anchor rod machines and low anchoring and protecting operation efficiency in the prior' timely tunneling anchor construction method.

4. By adopting the large-stroke telescopic front beam provided with the first anchor rod machine and the second anchor rod machine, the telescopic front beam can be quickly extended out after the cutting operation of a row distance is finished by the tunneling machine, the anchoring operation of the top anchor rod and the upper anchor rod just exposed out of a top plate area at the front part of the tunnel can be timely finished, the problems of untimely tunnel anchoring and protecting and poor anchoring and protecting effect in a 'lag tunneling and anchoring construction method' in the prior art can be solved, and the equipment can meet the requirements of tunnel tunneling and anchoring construction operation under various complex geological conditions such as broken top plates and the like.

5. By adopting the construction method that the anchor rope is jacked and the anchor rods are arranged at the rear part of the development machine while the development machine performs front development cutting operation, the top plate which is just exposed at the front end of the tunnel is temporarily supported and the anchor rods are jacked and arranged at the upper part after the development cutting operation is completed, a novel development anchor construction method which integrates the advantages of a 'timely development anchor construction method' and a 'lag development anchor construction method' is formed, and not only can the timely anchoring operation be ensured, but also part of development anchor parallel operation can be realized. The front anchoring and protecting operators in the novel tunneling and anchoring method are the rear anchoring and protecting operators, the front anchoring and protecting operators perform alternate construction, the operation time is fully utilized, and the problem that in the 'lag tunneling and anchoring method' in the prior art, many anchoring and protecting operators are used is solved.

6. By adopting the telescopic front beam with large supporting width and high supporting strength, the roadway roof exposed just now can be supported better temporarily, and the safety protection capability is higher.

Drawings

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a side view of a tunneling cutting state (step one) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a front anchorage state (step two) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an elevation view of a gantry mechanism of an embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the front anchoring state (step two) according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an elevation view of an embodiment dual gantry mechanism;

FIG. 9 is a view from the A direction of the shovel portion of FIG. 6;

fig. 10 is a side view of the front anchorage state (step two) of the third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a front view of FIG. 10;

figure 12 is a top plan view of the ripper of figure 10.

Fig. 13 is an embodiment of another arrangement of a fourth bolter adjustment mechanism and an expansion blade arrangement.

In the figure: 1. the heading machine comprises a heading machine, 1-1 parts of a rack, 1-2 parts of a rotary table, 1-3 parts of a cutting part, 1-4 parts of a shovel loading part, 1-4-1 parts of an expanding shovel plate, 1-4-2 parts of an expanding oil cylinder, 1-5 parts of a conveyer, 1-6 parts of a walking part, 1-7 parts of a rear supporting part, 1-7-1 parts of a rear supporting seat, 1-7-2 parts of a rear supporting oil cylinder, 1-7-3 parts of a lateral supporting seat I, 1-7-4 parts of a lateral supporting oil cylinder I, 2 parts of a portal mechanism, 2-1 parts of a top beam, 2-1-1 parts of a cross beam, 2-1-2 parts of a longitudinal beam, 2-1-3 parts of a floating supporting seat, 2-1-4 parts of a supporting oil cylinder, 2-2 parts of a vertical guiding mechanism and 2-2-1 parts of an, 2-2-2 of an outer sliding sleeve, 2-2-3 of a four-bar linkage mechanism, 2-2-4 of a balancing cylinder, 2-3 of an upright post, 2-4 of a base, 2-5 of a diagonal pulling cylinder, 2-6 of a pin shaft I, 2-7 of a pin shaft II, 2-8 of a pin shaft III, 3 of a telescopic front beam, 3-1 of a front cross beam, 3-2 of a telescopic longitudinal beam, 3-3 of an upper guide pillar, 3-4 of a front probing support plate, 3-5 of a lateral support seat II, 3-6 of a lateral support cylinder II, 4 of a first rotary slide seat, 5 of a first anchor rod machine, 6 of a second rotary slide seat, 7 of a second anchor rod machine, 8 of a third rotary slide seat, 9 of a third anchor rod machine, 10 of a fourth rotary slide seat, 11 of a fourth anchor rod machine, 12 of a lower support seat, 12-1 of a guide cylinder, 13. the drilling machine comprises a lower guide post, 13-1 guide rods, 13-2 adjusting oil cylinders and 14 forward drilling machines.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The term "digging and anchoring" used in the application is an abbreviation of two operations of digging and cutting and anchor rod and anchor cable supporting. The term "excavation and anchor protection" is an abbreviation of three operations of excavation and cutting, anchor rod and anchor cable support and temporary support. In general, "excavation and anchoring" includes "excavation and anchoring" unless otherwise specified. The term "bolting" is an acronym for bolt-and-cable bolting operations. The term "pitch" refers to the predetermined distance between the front and rear rows of anchor rods. The ordinal terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish between similar items and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. In this application, the orientation word that uses such as "preceding, back, left and right, upper and lower, indulge, violently" is definite with the direction of entry driving machine that the drawing shows to regard entry driving machine advancing direction as the place ahead, regard as vertically with entry driving machine fore-and-aft direction, above-mentioned orientation word does not be used to the restriction the utility model discloses.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

Example one

The embodiment is mainly suitable for occasions of the top plate and the bottom plate in the transversely parallel rectangular section roadway.

Referring to attached drawings 1-4, the portal type tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine comprises a cantilever type tunneling machine 1, wherein the cantilever type tunneling machine 1 comprises a rack 1-1, a rotary table 1-2 positioned above the rack 1-1, a cantilever type cutting part 1-3 hinged in front of the rotary table 1-2 and provided with a transverse cutting drum, a shovel part 1-4 hinged in front of and below the rack 1-1, a conveyor 1-5 positioned in the middle of the rack 1-1, two walking parts 1-6 fixed below the left side and the right side of the rack 1-1 and two rear supporting parts 1-7 hinged at the rear parts of the left side and the right side of the rack 1-1. The rear supporting part 1-7 comprises a rear supporting seat 1-7-1 hinged with the rack 1-1, and a rear supporting oil cylinder 1-7-2 is hinged between the rack 1-1 and the rear supporting seat 1-7-1. The portal type tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine also comprises a portal mechanism 2 and a telescopic front beam 3, wherein the portal mechanism 2 is positioned above the rack 1-1 and can be lifted up and down.

With further reference to fig. 5, the gantry mechanism 2 includes a top beam 2-1, left and right vertical guide mechanisms 2-2, and left and right vertical columns 2-3. The left and right groups of vertical guide mechanisms 2-2 comprise a left and right inner sliding columns 2-2-1 and an outer sliding sleeve 2-2 which are matched and sleeved, the bottom of the outer sliding sleeve 2-2-2 is fixedly connected with the left and right sides of the rack 1-1, and the top of the inner sliding column 2-2-1 is hinged below the left and right sides of the top beam 2-1 through a transversely arranged pin shaft III2-8 and can swing back and forth. The vertical guide 2-2 functions to restrict the movement of the cap 2-1 from both longitudinal and lateral directions and to provide necessary longitudinal and lateral support forces. The left and right groups of upright posts 2-3 are divided into a front upright post and a rear upright post respectively and are arranged in front and rear of the vertical guide mechanism 2-2, the lower parts of the upright posts 2-3 are hinged on the left and right sides of the frame 1-1, and the upper parts of the upright posts 2-3 are hinged on the lower parts of the left and right sides of the top beam 2-1. When the upright posts 2-3 extend out, the top beam 2-1 is driven to ascend, the top beam 2-1 ascends under the limitation of the vertical guide mechanism 2-2 and supports the top plate, and meanwhile, the supporting reaction force of the lower parts of the upright posts 2-3 acts on the rack 1-1 and presses the heading machine 1 on a roadway bottom plate. When the front and rear upright columns 2-3 are inconsistent in telescopic stroke, the top beam 2-1 can generate a longitudinal inclination angle relative to the rack 1-1 so as to adapt to the angle change of the roadway roof in the longitudinal direction.

The telescopic front beam 3 comprises a front cross beam 3-1 and a left telescopic longitudinal beam and a right telescopic longitudinal beam 3-2 which are fixed at the rear side of the front cross beam. The telescopic longitudinal beam 3-2 is sleeved in the top beam 2-1 from the front and can be stretched back and forth, a transverse guide rail is fixed on the front side of the front cross beam 3-1, two first rotary sliding seats 4 are sleeved in the transverse guide rail, two first anchor rod machines 5 are respectively hinged with the two first rotary sliding seats 4, the first rotary sliding seats 4 are driven to drive the first anchor rod machines 5 to move left and right along the front cross beam 3-1, and the driving device adopts a gear rack mechanism. The first anchor rod machine 5 is mainly used for driving an anchor rod of a roadway top plate.

A left upper guide post 3-3 and a right upper guide post 3-3 are fixed on the lower side of the front cross beam 3-1, a vertical guide rail is fixed on the rear side of the upper guide posts 3-3, a second rotary slide seat 6 is sleeved in the vertical guide rail, a left second bolting machine 7 and a right second bolting machine 7 are respectively hinged with the second rotary slide seat 6, the second rotary slide seat 6 is driven to drive the second bolting machines 7 to move up and down along the upper guide posts 3-3, and the driving device adopts a lifting oil cylinder arranged in the upper guide posts 3-3. The second anchor rod machine 7 is mainly used for driving an upper anchor rod on the upper part of the roadway side wall. The second anchor rod machine 7 is arranged on the rear side of the upper guide post 3-3, so that the first anchor rod machine 5 and the second anchor rod machine 7 can be ensured to be not interfered with each other and can be operated simultaneously in the operation process, and the operation efficiency is ensured. The second bolting machine 7 now lags behind the first bolting machine 5 by one pitch.

And a plurality of groups of front probe supporting plates 3-4 which are arranged at intervals are fixed on the top of the front cross beam 3-1. The spacing distance between the front detection support plates 3-4 is used for forming necessary anchor rod passing space when the top anchor rod is arranged, and the tail end of the arranged top anchor rod is prevented from being extruded after the front cross beam 3-1 retracts. The top of the front detection supporting plate 3-4 is also provided with a groove for limiting the front and back positions of the steel belt. The front-exploring support plate 3-4 is used for lifting an anchor net and a steel belt to be anchored and plays a role in supporting a roadway roof temporarily. The front detection supporting plates 3-4 are made of elastic materials so as to adapt to irregular changes at the front end of the roadway roof.

Two ends of the front cross beam 3-1 are also hinged with a left lateral supporting seat II3-5 and a right lateral supporting seat II3-5, a lateral supporting oil cylinder II3-6 is hinged between the lateral supporting seat II3-5 and the upper guide pillar 3-3, when the lateral supporting oil cylinder II3-6 extends out, the left lateral supporting seat II3-5 and the right lateral supporting seat II3-5 can be driven to swing outwards and be transversely supported on the side wall of the roadway, so that the transverse displacement of the front cross beam 3-1 and the upper guide pillar 3-3 is limited, and the reliable transverse positioning during the upper anchor rod construction.

The top beam 2-1 of the portal mechanism 2 also comprises a cross beam 2-1-1, two longitudinal beams 2-1-2 at the left and the right are respectively fixed at the two ends of the cross beam 2-1-1, and a telescopic longitudinal beam 3-2 is sleeved in the longitudinal beam 2-1-2 in a matching way and can be stretched back and forth by a telescopic oil cylinder arranged in the longitudinal beam 2-1-2 at three row distances. A transverse guide rail is fixed on the rear side of the cross beam 2-1-1, two third rotary sliding seats 8 are sleeved in the transverse guide rail, two third bolting machines 9 are respectively hinged with the two third rotary sliding seats 8, the third rotary sliding seats 8 are driven to drive the third bolting machines 9 to move left and right along the cross beam 2-1-1, and the driving device adopts a gear and rack mechanism. The third anchor rod machine 9 is mainly used for driving a top anchor cable of a roadway top plate. In order to avoid the top of the cross beam 2-1-1 from extruding the tail end of the drilled top anchor rod, the top of the cross beam 2-1-1 is kept at a proper distance from the roadway roof.

The rear parts of the left longitudinal beam 2-1-2 and the right longitudinal beam 2-1-2 are respectively provided with a left floating support 2-1-3 and a right floating support 2-1-3, each floating support 2-1-3 further comprises four supporting oil cylinders 2-1-4, the four supporting oil cylinders 2-1-4 are divided into two groups and are symmetrically fixed on the left side and the right side of the longitudinal beam 2-1-2 in a left-right mode, the top of each supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4 is hinged with the floating support 2-1-3, oil pipes between the left supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4 and the right supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4 are connected in series, and each supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4 has. Because the top plate of the roadway is uneven, the floating support 2-1-3 with the automatic balancing function is arranged, so that the floating support 2-1-3 can be uniformly contacted with the top plate of the roadway, the top beam 2-1 is uniformly stressed, and the distortion and the deformation of the top beam 2-1 and the telescopic front beam 3 are avoided.

The gantry mechanism 2 has the function that when the heading machine 1 is in cutting operation, the heading machine 1 is pressed tightly from the vertical direction to form a stable anchor rope jacking and anchor rod lower side construction operation platform; when the heading machine 1 is in anchoring operation, the extended telescopic front beam 3 is supported from the vertical direction to form an operation platform with temporary supporting function and anchor rod jacking and upper anchor rod construction.

A left lower support 12 and a right lower support 12 are fixed on the left side and the right side of the rear part of the frame 1-1, a lower guide post 13 is arranged on the lower support 12, and a longitudinal sliding mechanism comprising a guide cylinder 12-1, a guide rod 13-1 and an adjusting oil cylinder 13-2 is arranged between the lower support 12 and the lower guide post 13. An upper guide cylinder 12-1 and a lower guide cylinder 12-1 which are longitudinally parallel are arranged in the lower support 12, an upper guide rod 13-1 and a lower guide rod 13-1 which are longitudinally parallel are correspondingly fixed on the lower guide column 13, the lower guide column 13 fixed with the guide rods 13-1 is sleeved in the guide cylinder 12-1 of the lower support 12 in a matching way from the rear side, an adjusting oil cylinder 13-2 is hinged between the lower support 12 and the lower guide column 13, and the telescopic adjusting oil cylinder 13-2 can enable the lower guide column 13 to longitudinally slide back and forth along the guide cylinder 12-1 in parallel. A vertical guide rail is further fixed on the lower guide pillar 13, a fourth rotary sliding seat 10 is sleeved in the vertical guide rail, a left fourth bolting machine 11 and a right fourth bolting machine 11 are respectively hinged with the fourth rotary sliding seat 10, the fourth rotary sliding seat 10 is driven to drive the fourth bolting machines 11 to move up and down along the lower guide pillar 13, and the driving device adopts a lifting oil cylinder arranged in the lower guide pillar. The fourth anchor rod machine 11 is mainly used for driving a lower anchor rod at the lower part of the roadway side wall. The longitudinal sliding mechanism is used for adjusting the front and back parallel sliding of the fourth bolting machine 11.

Swing oil cylinders are hinged between the rotary sliding seats and the bolting machines, and the swing angles of the bolting machines in the cross section of the roadway can be adjusted by the telescopic swing oil cylinders.

The left side and the right side of the shovel loading part 1-4 are also provided with a left group of extension shovel plate devices and a right group of extension shovel plate devices, wherein the extension shovel plate devices comprise extension shovel plates 1-4-1, extension oil cylinders 1-4-2 and extension guide rods, the extension guide rods and the extension oil cylinders 1-4-2 are arranged between the shovel loading part 1-4 and the extension shovel plates 1-4-1 to form a transverse extension mechanism, and the extension shovel plates 1-4-1 adopt the transverse extension mechanism to complete the extension action of transverse parallel extension.

The left side and the right side of the rear part of the rack 1-1 are also provided with a left group and a right group of lateral supporting devices comprising lateral supporting seats I1-7-3 and lateral supporting oil cylinders I1-7-4, the lateral supporting seats I1-7-3 are hinged with the rack 1-1, the lateral supporting oil cylinders I1-7-4 are hinged between the lateral supporting seats 1-7-3 and the rack 1-1 to form a lateral swinging mechanism, and the lateral supporting seats I1-7-3 adopt the lateral swinging mechanism to complete lateral supporting action. By arranging the extension shovel plate device at the front part of the development machine 1 and the lateral support device at the rear part, the front part and the rear part of the development machine 1 can be limited by the left side wall and the right side wall of a roadway, and the transverse swing of the frame 1-1 during cutting operation is avoided.

In the process of tunneling the roadway, the geological condition is also required to be determined in advance by drilling a front probe hole in front of the roadway periodically, so a front probe drilling machine 14 for drilling the front probe hole is also arranged on the cutting part 1-3. In order to ensure that the cutting end surfaces of the roadway are as level as possible, the cutting parts 1-3 further comprise longitudinal telescopic mechanisms for the telescopic cutting heads.

Furthermore, for the convenience of operation of constructors, foldable operation pedals matched with the first bolting machine and the second bolting machine are respectively arranged at the lower end of the first bolting machine 5 and the lower end of the upper guide post 3-3. In order to ensure the operation safety of the constructor at the front end of the roadway, a foldable front end protection plate is arranged on the front side of the first anchor rod machine 5. The operation pedal and the front end protection plate are turned over during the operation of the anchor rod machine and are retracted during the cutting operation of the heading machine.

Furthermore, a vertical supporting oil cylinder can be arranged in the upper guide post 3-3 and used for auxiliary supporting after the telescopic front beam 3 extends out, so that the temporary supporting effect is improved.

Further, an air inlet pipeline and an air exhaust dust removal pipeline which are used for ventilating and removing dust of the tunnel and move simultaneously with the heading machine 1 are arranged on the lower side of the top beam 2-1 and/or the heading machine 1.

Example two

The embodiment is mainly suitable for occasions of the top plate and the bottom plate in the transverse unparallel trapezoidal section roadway.

Referring to fig. 6 to 8, as another improvement of the gantry mechanism 2, the gantry mechanism 2 of the present embodiment includes a top beam 2-1, two sets of left and right vertical guide mechanisms 2-2, two sets of left and right upright posts 2-3, two left and right bases 2-4, and two sets of left and right diagonal cylinders 2-5. The left and right groups of vertical guide mechanisms 2-2 comprise a left and right inner sliding columns 2-2-1 and an outer sliding sleeve 2-2 which are matched and sleeved, the bottom of the inner sliding column 2-2-1 is hinged with a base 2-4 through a pin shaft I2-6 which is transversely arranged and can swing back and forth, and the base 2-4 is hinged with the left and right sides of the rack 1-1 through a pin shaft II2-7 which is longitudinally arranged and can swing left and right. The top of the outer sliding sleeve 2-2-2 is hinged below the left side and the right side of the top beam 2-1 through a pin shaft III2-8 which is longitudinally arranged and can swing left and right, and the two groups of diagonal draw oil cylinders 2-5 are symmetrically and obliquely hinged between the top beam 2-1 and the left outer sliding sleeve 2-2 and the right outer sliding sleeve 2-2. The hinged base 2-4 is arranged, so that the left inner sliding column 2-2-1 and the right inner sliding column 2-1 can swing back and forth and can swing left and right relative to the frame 1-1. Through the arrangement of the diagonal draw oil cylinders 2-5, the top beam 2-1 and the left and right outer sliding sleeves 2-2 can swing and can be limited mutually. The left and right groups of upright posts 2-3 are divided into a front upright post and a rear upright post respectively and are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the vertical guide mechanism 2-2, the lower parts of the upright posts 2-3 are hinged above the base 2-4, and the upper parts of the upright posts 2-3 are hinged below the left side and the right side of the top beam 2-1. When the telescopic strokes of the left and right upright columns 2-3 and the left and right diagonal draw oil cylinders 2-5 are inconsistent, the top beam 2-1 can generate a transverse inclination angle relative to the rack 1-1 so as to adapt to the situation that the top and bottom plates of the roadway are in a trapezoidal roadway which is not parallel transversely, and when the telescopic strokes of the front and rear upright columns 2-3 are inconsistent, the top beam 2-1 can also generate a longitudinal inclination angle relative to the rack 1-1 so as to adapt to the change of the longitudinal angle of the top plate of the roadway.

In the embodiment, a vertical guide rail for arranging the second bolting machines 7 is fixed on the front side of the upper guide posts 3-3, the second rotary sliding base 6 is sleeved in the vertical guide rail, and the left and right second bolting machines 7 are respectively hinged with the second rotary sliding base 6. The second anchor rod machine 7 is arranged on the front side of the upper guide post 3-3, so that the second anchor rod machine 7 and the first anchor rod machine 5 can be ensured to be in the same row position in the longitudinal direction, and the anchor rod machine is used for timely anchoring and protecting the upper anchor rod when the upper anchor rod is not allowed to be anchored and protected after lagging in special geological conditions. At the moment, the first bolting machine 5 and the second bolting machine 7 have partial interference in the operation process, and only partial simultaneous operation can be realized.

The left and right floating supports 2-1-3 of this embodiment may also take another arrangement as shown. At the moment, each floating support 2-1-3 is provided with a front supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4 and a rear supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4, the supporting oil cylinders 2-1-4 are fixed in the middle of the longitudinal beam 2-1-2, the tops of the supporting oil cylinders 2-1-4 are hinged with the floating support 2-1-3, oil pipes between the left supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4 and the right supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4 are connected in series, and each supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4 has a floating balance function.

As shown in fig. 9, the extension action of the extension blade device of this embodiment is implemented by using an up-down turning mechanism, at this time, the inner side of the extension blade 1-4-1 is hinged to the outer side of the shovel portion 1-4 through a longitudinally arranged hinge pin, the extension cylinder 1-4-2 is hinged between the extension blade 1-4-1 and the shovel portion 1-4, and the extension cylinder 1-4-2 can turn the extension blade 1-4-1 up and down around the longitudinally arranged hinge pin to implement the extension action.

The cutting parts 1-3 of the present embodiment take the form of an arrangement of longitudinal cutting drums.

The structure of the other parts of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.

EXAMPLE III

The embodiment is mainly suitable for the occasions of the arched section roadways with arc-shaped top plates.

Referring to fig. 10 and fig. 11, at this time, the front beam 3-1 is in an arch shape corresponding to the arc-shaped roof, four first bolting machines 5 are symmetrically hinged to the front side of the arch-shaped front beam 3-1, two first bolting machines 5 are also symmetrically hinged to the rear side of the front beam 3-1, six first bolting machines 5 hinged to the front side and the rear side of the front beam 3-1 can complete the setting of six roof bolts in the middle of the arch-shaped roadway, wherein the bolting machines on the front side and the bolting machines on the rear side are arranged in a staggered manner. The front cross beam 3-1 is not provided with a transverse guide rail, a first rotary sliding seat 4, an upper guide pillar 3-3, a second anchor rod machine 7 and a side supporting seat II 3-5. Swing oil cylinders for adjusting the transverse swing angle of the roof bolter are hinged between the front cross beam 3-1 and the first roof bolter 5.

In the embodiment, the two third bolting machines 9 are bilaterally symmetrically hinged to the front side of the cross beam 2-1-1, and the third bolting machines 9 cannot move transversely without a transverse guide rail and can only adjust the transverse swing angles of the bolting machines through the swing oil cylinders arranged between the cross beam 2-1-1 and the bolting machines. This arrangement further reduces the lag distance of the third bolter 9.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, as another alternative to the vertical guide mechanism 2-2 in the gantry mechanism 2, the left and right vertical guide mechanisms 2-2 of the present embodiment take the form of two sets of four-bar linkage mechanisms 2-2-3 and two balancing cylinders 2-2-4. The bottom of the four-bar linkage 2-2-3 is hinged with the left side and the right side of the frame 1-1 through a pin shaft I2-6 arranged transversely and can swing back and forth, and the top of the four-bar linkage 2-2-3 is hinged below the left side and the right side of the top beam 2-1 through a pin shaft III2-8 arranged transversely and can swing back and forth. The left upright post and the right upright post 2-3 are respectively arranged in front of the four-bar linkage 2-2-3, the lower parts of the upright posts 2-3 are hinged on the left side and the right side of the frame 1-1, the upper parts of the upright posts 2-3 are hinged below the left side and the right side of the top beam 2-1, the balance oil cylinders 2-2-4 are obliquely hinged between the top beam 2-1 and the four-bar linkage 2-2-3, and the top beam 2-1 can generate a longitudinal inclination angle relative to the frame 1-1 by adjusting the telescopic strokes of the balance oil cylinders 2-2-4.

As shown in fig. 12, the expansion operation of the expansion blade device of the present embodiment is performed by a side swing mechanism. At the moment, the fan-shaped extension shovel plate 1-4-1 is hinged with the shoveling part 1-4 through a hinge pin which is vertically arranged, an extension oil cylinder 1-4-2 is hinged between the rear end of the extension shovel plate 1-4-1 and the shoveling part 1-4, and the extension oil cylinder 1-4-2 can enable the extension shovel plate 1-4-1 to extend and swing around the vertical hinge pin.

As shown in fig. 10 and 12, the lateral support operation of the lateral support device of the present embodiment is performed by using an oblique telescopic mechanism. At the moment, the rear supporting part 1-7 is obliquely opened towards the left side and the right side, the lateral supporting seat I1-7-3 is sleeved in the rear supporting seat 1-7-1 in a matching manner, the lateral supporting oil cylinder I1-7-4 is hinged between the lateral supporting seat 1-7-3 and the rear supporting seat 1-7-1, and the rear supporting oil cylinder 1-7-2 is hinged between the rack 1-1 and the rear supporting seat 1-7-1. When the rear supporting oil cylinder 1-7-2 and the lateral supporting oil cylinder 1-7-4 extend out simultaneously, the rear supporting seat 1-7-1 is driven to swing downwards, the lateral supporting seat 1-7-3 extends out towards the oblique rear direction, and the oblique telescopic mechanism can play a role of lateral supporting while playing a role of rear supporting.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the structure thereof may also be changed in some ways, for example:

as shown in fig. 13, the adjusting mechanism for adjusting the front-rear distance of the fourth bolter 11 may also take the form of a swing-back mechanism. At this time, the left and right lower support 12 and the lower guide post 13 are hinged by a vertical hinge pin, the adjusting oil cylinder 13-2 is hinged between the lower support 12 and the lower guide post 13, and the telescopic adjusting oil cylinder 13-2 can make the lower guide post 13 swing around the vertical hinge pin, so as to drive the fourth bolting machine 11 arranged on the lower guide post 13 to swing back and forth. But this construction does not guarantee that the axis of the fourth roof bolter 11 is perpendicular to the roadway highwall.

As shown in fig. 13, an alternative arrangement is possible for an extended blade assembly employing a side-swinging mechanism. At the moment, the fan-shaped extension shovel plate 1-4-1 is hinged with the shoveling part 1-4 through a vertical hinge pin arranged at the rear end, a swingable extension oil cylinder 1-4-2 is hinged between the extension shovel plate 1-4-1 and the shoveling part 1-4, and the extension oil cylinder 1-4-2 can enable the extension shovel plate 1-4-1 to swing around the vertical hinge pin in an extension mode.

The utility model discloses in, lateral support device's side props the action and still can adopt horizontal telescopic machanism to replace. At the moment, the lateral supporting device comprises a lateral supporting seat I1-7-3, a lateral supporting oil cylinder I1-7-4 and a telescopic guiding rod, wherein the telescopic guiding rod and the lateral supporting oil cylinder I1-7-4 are arranged between the rack 1-1 and the lateral supporting seat I1-7-3 to form a transverse telescopic mechanism, and the lateral supporting seat I1-7-3 adopts the transverse telescopic mechanism to complete parallel lateral supporting actions.

In the utility model, the floating support 2-1-3 arranged at the rear part of the longitudinal beam 2-1-2 can also be made of elastic material directly without arranging the supporting oil cylinder 2-1-4.

Based on the portal frame type tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine, the corresponding tunnel tunneling, anchoring and constructing method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: driving the tunneling machine 1 to move forward, and cutting the cutting part 1-3 into the end face of the roadway by a row spacing; lifting the portal mechanism 2, and extending the extended shovel plate 1-4-1 and the lateral support seat 1-7-3; the cutting parts 1-3 swing according to a preset track, and the cutting operation of one row of distance on the end surface of the whole roadway is completed in a positioning cutting mode; when cutting operation is carried out, the third anchor rod machine 9 and the fourth anchor rod machine 11 are operated to complete the setting and anchoring operation of a row-spacing anchor rope jacking and lower anchor rod;

step two: the gantry mechanism 2 is lowered, and a steel belt and an anchor net are laid on the top of the telescopic front beam 3; the telescopic front beam 3 is extended out, the gantry mechanism 2 is lifted, and the temporary supporting operation is finished; operating the first anchor rod machine 5 and the second anchor rod machine 7 to complete the setting and anchoring operation of the top anchor rod and the upper anchor rod with one row spacing; lowering the gantry mechanism 2, withdrawing the telescopic front beam 3, withdrawing the extended shovel plate 1-4-1 and the lateral support seat 1-7-3;

and repeating the step one after the step two is completed, and alternately and circularly operating in such a way until the excavation and anchoring construction of the whole roadway is completed.

Claims

1. A portal frame type tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine comprises a tunneling machine (1), wherein the tunneling machine (1) comprises a rack (1-1), a cutting part (1-3) which is hinged to the front upper part of the rack (1-1) and provided with a transverse cutting roller or a longitudinal cutting roller, a shovel loading part (1-4) which is hinged to the front lower part of the rack (1-1), a conveyer (1-5) which is positioned in the middle of the rack (1-1), two walking parts (1-6) which are positioned below the left side and the right side of the rack (1-1) and two rear supporting parts (1-7) which are hinged to the rear parts of the left side and the right side of the rack (1-1), and the portal frame type tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine is characterized by further comprising a portal mechanism (2) and a telescopic front beam (3) which are positioned above the rack (1-1) and can be lifted up and down, and, The device comprises a left group of vertical guide mechanisms (2-2), a right group of vertical guide mechanisms (2-2), a left group of vertical columns (2-3), a right group of vertical columns (2-2), the bottoms of the vertical guide mechanisms (2-2) and the columns (2-3) are connected with the left side and the right side of a rack (1-1), the tops of the vertical guide mechanisms (2-2) and the columns (2-3) are hinged below the left side and the right side of a top beam (2-1), a telescopic front beam (3) comprises a front cross beam (3-1) and a left telescopic longitudinal beam (3-2) fixed on the rear side of the front cross beam (3-1), the telescopic longitudinal beam (3-2) is sleeved in the top beam (2-1) from the front side and can be stretched back and forth, and back.

2. A portal type tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a transverse guide rail and a left upper guide post and a right upper guide post (3-3) are further fixed on the front beam (3-1), a plurality of first rotary slide seats (4) are sleeved in the transverse guide rail, a plurality of first bolting machines (5) are respectively hinged with the first rotary slide seats (4), the first rotary slide seats (4) are driven to drive the first bolting machines (5) to move left and right along the front beam (3-1), and a second bolting machine (7) is further arranged on the upper guide posts (3-3).

3. The portal type tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein a group of front probe supporting plates (3-4) arranged at intervals are further fixed on the top of the front beam (3-1), a left lateral supporting seat II (3-5) and a right lateral supporting seat II (3-5) are further hinged to two ends of the front beam (3-1), and the lateral supporting oil cylinders II (3-6) are hinged between the lateral supporting seats II (3-5) and the upper side guide pillars (3-3).

4. The portal type excavating, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the top beam (2-1) comprises a cross beam (2-1-1), a left longitudinal beam and a right longitudinal beam (2-1-2) are fixed at two ends of the cross beam (2-1-1), the telescopic longitudinal beam (3-2) is sleeved in the longitudinal beam (2-1-2) in a matching mode and can be stretched back and forth through a telescopic oil cylinder, and a third anchor rod machine (9) is further arranged on the cross beam (2-1-1).

5. A portal type tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that floating supports (2-1-3) are further arranged at the rear parts of the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam (2-1-2).

6. The portal type excavating, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the left and right vertical guide mechanisms (2-2) further comprise a left and right inner sliding column (2-2-1) and an outer sliding sleeve (2-2-2) which are matched and sleeved, the bottom of the outer sliding sleeve (2-2-2) is fixedly connected with the left and right sides of the rack (1-1), the top of the inner sliding column (2-2-1) is hinged below the left and right sides of the top beam (2-1) through a transversely arranged pin shaft III (2-8) and can swing back and forth, each of the left and right groups of upright columns (2-3) is divided into a front group and a rear group and is respectively arranged in the front and rear of the vertical guide mechanism (2-2), the lower parts of the upright columns (2-3) are hinged on the left and right sides of the rack (1-1), and the upper parts of the upright columns (2-3) are.

7. The portal frame type tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine according to claim 1, wherein the portal frame mechanism (2) further comprises a left base (2-4), a right base (2-4), a left group of diagonal draw cylinders (2-5), a right group of vertical guide mechanisms (2-2), a left group of internal sliding columns (2-2-1) and a right group of diagonal draw cylinders (2-5), a left group of internal sliding columns (2-2-1) and a right group of external sliding columns (2-2-2) which are matched and sleeved with each other, wherein the bottoms of the internal sliding columns (2-2-1) are respectively hinged with the left base (2-4) and the right base (2-4) through a transversely arranged pin shaft I (2-6) and can swing back and forth, the bases (2-4) are respectively hinged on the left side and the right side of the frame (1-1) through a longitudinally arranged pin shaft II (2-7) and can swing left and right, and the tops The two groups of diagonal draw oil cylinders (2-5) are symmetrically and obliquely hinged between a top beam (2-1) and a left outer sliding sleeve and a right outer sliding sleeve (2-2-2), each group of a left group of upright column and a right group of upright column (2-3) is divided into a front upright column and a rear upright column which are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of a vertical guide mechanism (2-2), the lower parts of the upright columns (2-3) are hinged above a base (2-4), and the upper parts of the upright columns (2-3) are hinged below the left side and the right side of the top beam (2-1).

8. The portal tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a left lower support (12) and a right lower support (12) are fixed on the left side and the right side of the rear part of the rack (1-1), a lower guide pillar (13) is arranged on each lower support (12), a fourth bolting machine (11) is arranged on each lower guide pillar (13), a front-back adjusting mechanism is arranged between each lower support (12) and each lower guide pillar (13), and front-back adjustment of the fourth bolting machine (11) can be realized through the front-back adjusting mechanism.

9. The portal type tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a left group and a right group of expansion shovel plate devices comprising expansion shovel plates (1-4-1) and expansion oil cylinders (1-4-2) are further arranged on the left side and the right side of the shovel loading part (1-4).

10. The portal frame type tunneling, anchoring and protecting all-in-one machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a left group and a right group of lateral supporting devices comprising lateral supporting seats I (1-7-3) and lateral supporting cylinders I (1-7-4) are further arranged on the rear part of the rack (1-1) or the rear supporting part (1-7).