CN210537538U - Single-blade longitudinal fruit picking and separating equipment for self-propelled peanut picking harvester - Google Patents

Single-blade longitudinal fruit picking and separating equipment for self-propelled peanut picking harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210537538U
CN210537538U CN201921061064.7U CN201921061064U CN210537538U CN 210537538 U CN210537538 U CN 210537538U CN 201921061064 U CN201921061064 U CN 201921061064U CN 210537538 U CN210537538 U CN 210537538U
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roller
picking
peanut
fruit picking
plate
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CN201921061064.7U
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裴学昌
裴书良
赵玉成
解建恒
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Henan Dechang Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Henan Dechang Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a single-blade longitudinal fruit picking and separating device for a self-propelled peanut picking harvester, which comprises a fruit picking framework and a fruit picking roller, wherein the lower left corner of a roller front cover plate is provided with a feeding port, the fruit picking roller comprises a roller shaft, a roller and arc-shaped cutter teeth, the front end of the roller is also provided with a single spiral blade and a balancing weight, a conical feeding barrel is also arranged between the feeding port and the fruit picking roller, the inner side wall of the conical feeding barrel is welded with a spiral straw guide plate, an anti-winding plate welding component is also arranged between the roller front support plate and the spiral blade and comprises an anti-winding side plate and an anti-winding barrel, the upper cover and a separating screen are respectively arranged above and below a support frame, the inner side wall of the upper cover is provided with the spiral straw guide plate, the output end of the fruit picking roller is also provided with a discharge port, and the lower part of the, the roller ensures smooth feeding, improves the peanut picking rate and greatly reduces the peanut crushing rate.

Description

Single-blade longitudinal fruit picking and separating equipment for self-propelled peanut picking harvester
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, especially, relate to a single-blade vertically plucks fruit splitter for harvester is picked up to self-propelled peanut.
Background
With the continuous development of the mechanical field, the agricultural automation is improved, and the harvest of crops is changed from the original manual harvest to the mechanical harvest. In the field of peanut harvesting, a plurality of peanut picking machines used on a fixed field and a few innovative self-propelled peanut picking harvesters are also provided, most of the existing peanut picking machines and self-propelled peanut picking harvesters adopt transverse axial flow type peanut picking rollers, the peanut picking rollers rotate by means of rotating spike teeth of the rollers to pull off peanuts, and the peanut picking function is realized by extruding crops and then performing axial flow movement; but only depending on the dragging of the spike teeth and the axial flow extrusion process of crops, the peanut crushing rate is high, the feeding is not smooth, the efficiency is low, and the peanut picking rate is low easily; the nail teeth are easy to bring back crops, so that the defect of high blocking failure rate is caused, and meanwhile, the nail teeth are directly welded and fixed on the roller, so that the cutter teeth are inconvenient to replace in the later period and are inconvenient to maintain; the feeding mode of the feeding port of the peanut picker is that the peanut seedlings are clamped by materials which are easily extruded by a roller to be fed radially, the feeding is difficult, or the peanuts are extremely easy to crush, and the feeding port is extremely easy to block due to the fact that the feeding front section type of the peanut picker has a three-spiral blade and double-spiral blade structure for the existing longitudinal peanut picking equipment in the market, the resistance is large, and a large amount of undesirable phenomena that the peanuts are crushed by extrusion are further formed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome present self-propelled peanut pickup harvester and peanut picker pick up the clean rate low, the easy extrusion material card of feed inlet dies peanut seedling and peanut percentage of damage is big, the low difficult problem that the peanut seedling causes the unable work of local of work efficiency or card, and provide a single-blade vertically plucks fruit splitter for self-propelled peanut pickup harvester, this cylinder can prevent that the peanut seedling from blocking when the feeding, can exert more effectual effort of snatching to the peanut seedling, through rotatory and separation screen's the contact that compresses tightly, thereby the better picks the peanut from the peanut seedling, the clean rate of plucking the fruit has been improved, greatly reduced the percentage of damage of peanut, the arc sword tooth does not return the area crop, the feeding is smooth, and be convenient for maintain.
The utility model discloses a realize like this: a single-blade longitudinal fruit picking and separating device for a self-propelled peanut picking harvester comprises a fruit picking framework and a fruit picking roller, wherein the fruit picking roller is obliquely arranged in the fruit picking framework, the fruit picking framework is formed by welding a support frame, an upper cover arranged at the upper end of the support frame, a separating screen arranged at the lower end of the support frame, a roller front cover plate arranged at the front end of the support frame and a roller front support seat, the upper cover and the separating screen are obliquely arranged on the fruit picking framework, a straw guide plate in spiral distribution is further arranged on the inner side wall of the upper cover, a feeding port is formed in the lower left corner of the roller front cover plate, the length of the feeding port is smaller than that of the roller front cover plate, the fruit picking roller comprises a roller shaft, a roller arranged on the roller shaft and arc-shaped cutter teeth arranged on the roller, and the roller is formed by welding a roller straight barrel body and a roller, the device comprises arc-shaped cutter teeth, a roller outer wall, cutter tooth row seats, a roller front cone body, a power device, a single spiral blade, a balancing weight, a conical feeding cylinder, a straw guide plate, an anti-winding plate welding assembly and a roller front cover plate, wherein the arc-shaped cutter teeth are distributed in a multi-row spiral manner and are arranged on the roller outer wall, the arc-shaped cutter teeth are evenly arranged on the cutter tooth row seats, the roller front cone body is of a conical structure and is arranged close to a feed port, one end of a roller shaft is also connected with the power device, the front end side wall of the roller is also provided with the single spiral blade and the balancing weight which is symmetrically distributed and is used for balancing the spiral blade, the conical feeding cylinder is also arranged between the feed port and a fruit picking roller, the conical large end of the conical feeding cylinder faces the feed port, the inner side wall of the conical feeding cylinder is welded with the straw guide plate which is spirally distributed, the anti, the inner diameter sleeve of the anti-winding barrel is arranged on the outer diameter of the roller shaft, the outer diameter of the anti-winding barrel extends into the front cone body of the roller, the output end of the fruit picking roller is further provided with a discharge port, a chopping mechanism is further connected below the discharge port, and the chopping mechanism is rotatably connected to the tail of the fruit picking framework.
Preferably, the power device is a roller speed changer, the diversified selection and application of peanuts are realized by arranging the roller speed changer, the roller speed changer has two speed change gears, namely high speed and low speed, the requirements of diversified peanut varieties or the requirements of the change of different degrees of dryness and wetness of peanut seedling airing and the selection and application of different degrees of maturity of peanuts are met, namely when the machine is used for harvesting crops in an early maturing stage or the crops are wet, the high-speed gear operation of a roller speed changing box can be selected, and the longitudinal peanut picking roller is used for high-speed operation; when the harvested crops are in late maturity or the harvested crops are too dry, the roller gearbox can be selected to run at a low speed, and the peanut picking roller can longitudinally pick the peanuts at a low speed, so that the blockage fault caused by large load under different conditions of the crops is avoided, and the completeness rate of the peanuts is ensured.
Preferably, the length of the feeding port is not more than half of the length of the front cover plate of the roller, the structural design is completely influenced by the range formed by the rotating radius of the spiral blade of the fruit picking roller, if the feeding port is too large, the material is brought back too much to cause blockage, and if the feeding port is too small, the feeding amount is influenced, so that the fruit picking efficiency is reduced.
Preferably, the cutting mechanism is a straw cutter, after the peanut seedlings and the fruits are separated, the peanut seedlings are conveyed to the tail ends of the picking roller and the separating screen to enter the cutting mechanism, and the stem grass is crushed by the straw cutter.
Preferably, the spiral angle of the grass guide plate in the conical feeding cylinder is larger than that of the grass guide plate in the upper cover, the spiral angle of the grass guide plate in the upper cover is smaller as the spiral angle of the grass guide plate is closer to the discharge port, the spiral angle of the grass guide plate is designed to completely meet the transportation state of peanut seedling feeding, the material is required to enter the peanut picking roller as soon as possible due to the fact that the material is urgently required to enter the peanut picking roller near the feed port, seedling and peanut separation is achieved, the spiral angle of the grass guide plate is smaller as the material is closer to the discharge port, the stroke and friction time of seedling and peanut separation are met to the greatest extent, the picking rate is greatly improved, and the breaking rate of peanuts is reduced.
Further preferably, the spiral angle of the grass guiding plate in the conical feeding cylinder ranges from 20 degrees to 50 degrees, and the spiral angle of the grass guiding plate in the upper cover ranges from 5 degrees to 20 degrees.
The utility model has the advantages of that: the device has simple structure and reasonable design, the arc cutter teeth are installed in a threaded manner, the later maintenance and installation are convenient, the storage space of peanut seedlings is enlarged by arranging the roller with an inclined structure, the rotating motion of the peanut picking roller is adopted, the stroke and the friction time for separating the seedlings and the peanuts are greatly increased, a single-blade structure is adopted at the front feeding section of the longitudinal roller, the feeding crop space is enlarged, the peanut seedlings can apply more effective grabbing acting force, the problem of unsmooth feeding is avoided, the winding of the peanut seedlings due to rotation at the feeding port is prevented by arranging the anti-winding side plate, the blockage caused by the clamping of the peanut seedlings during feeding is avoided, then the peanut seedlings are sent into the separation screen under the rotating force of the rotating blades, more effective acting force can be applied to the peanuts through the installed arc cutter head, the fruits are better picked from the peanut seedlings, and the picking rate of the peanut seedlings is greatly improved, the selection and the application of crops with various peanuts and different drying degrees under different conditions are realized by arranging the roller speed changer, and when the device is used for early maturing or harvesting wet crops, a low speed gear can be selected; when the device is used for late-maturing or harvesting dry crops, a high-speed gear can be selected, so that blockage caused by large load is avoided, feeding smoothness is further kept, the separation efficiency of picking is improved, and the breakage rate of peanuts is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal structure view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fruit picking drum;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an anti-wind side plate;
FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a conical feed cylinder.
In the figure: 1-fruit picking framework, 2-fruit picking roller, 3-support frame, 4-roller front cover plate, 5-roller front support seat, 6-feeding port, 7-roller shaft, 8-roller, 801-roller straight barrel, 802-roller front cone barrel, 9-arc cutter teeth, 10-cutter tooth row seat, 11-discharging port, 12-power device, 13-spiral blade, 14-counterweight block, 15-conical feeding barrel, 16-grass guide plate, 17-anti-winding plate welding assembly, 18-anti-winding side plate, 19-anti-winding barrel, 20-upper cover, 21-separation screen and 22-shredding mechanism.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-6, a single-blade longitudinal fruit picking and separating device for a self-propelled peanut picking harvester comprises a fruit picking framework 1 and a fruit picking roller 2, wherein the fruit picking roller 2 is obliquely arranged in the fruit picking framework 1, the fruit picking framework 1 comprises a support frame 3, an upper cover 20 arranged at the upper end of the support frame 3, a separating screen 21 arranged at the lower end of the support frame 3, a roller front cover plate 4 arranged at the front end of the support frame 3 and a roller front support base 5 which are welded together, the upper cover 20 and the separating screen 21 are obliquely arranged on the fruit picking framework 1, a straw guide plate 16 in spiral distribution is further arranged on the inner side wall of the upper cover 20, a feeding port 6 is arranged at the lower left corner of the roller front cover plate 4, the length of the feeding port 6 is smaller than that of the roller front cover plate 4, the length of the feeding port is not more than half of that of the roller front cover plate, and the structural design is completely due to the range influence, if the feeding port is too large, the material can be brought back too much to cause blockage, if the feeding port is too small, the feeding amount can be influenced, and the fruit picking efficiency is reduced, the fruit picking roller 2 comprises a roller shaft 7, a roller 8 arranged on the roller shaft 7 and arc-shaped cutter teeth 9 arranged on the roller 8, the roller 8 is formed by welding a roller straight barrel body 801 and a roller front cone barrel body 802, the arc-shaped cutter teeth 9 are spirally distributed on the outer wall of the roller straight barrel body 801 in a multi-row mode, cutter tooth row seats 10 are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the roller 8, the arc-shaped cutter teeth 9 are arranged on the cutter tooth row seats 10, and the roller front cone barrel body 802 is in a conical structure and is arranged at;
one end of the roller shaft 7 is also connected with a power device 12, the power device 12 is a roller speed changer, the diversified selection and application of peanuts are realized by arranging the roller speed changer, the roller speed changer has two speed change gears, namely high speed and low speed, the requirements of diversified peanut varieties or the requirements of the change of different degrees of dryness and humidity of the air-cured peanut seedlings and the selection and application of different degrees of maturity of the peanuts are met, namely when the machine is used for harvesting crops in an early maturing stage or the crops are wet, the roller speed changer can be selected to operate at a high speed, and the longitudinal fruit picking roller can be operated at a high speed; when harvested crops are in late maturity or the harvested crops are too dry, the roller gearbox can be selected to operate at a low speed, the longitudinal peanut picking roller operates at a low speed, so that the blockage fault caused by large load under different conditions of the crops is avoided, the integrity rate of the peanuts is ensured, a single spiral blade 13 and balancing weights 14 which are symmetrically distributed and used for balancing the spiral blade are further installed on the side wall of the front end of the roller 8, a conical feeding barrel 15 is further installed between the feeding opening 6 and the peanut picking roller 2, the conical large end of the conical feeding barrel 15 faces the feeding opening 6, a spirally distributed grass guide plate 16 is welded on the inner side wall of the conical feeding barrel 15, the spiral angle of the grass guide plate 16 in the conical feeding barrel 15 is larger than that of the grass guide plate 16 in the upper cover 20, and the spiral angle of the grass guide plate 16 in the upper cover 20 is smaller as the spiral angle is closer to the discharge opening 11, so that the spiral angle of the grass guide plate, the peanut seedling picking device completely accords with the transportation state of peanut seedlings after feeding, a larger spiral angle is needed to promote the peanut seedlings to enter as soon as possible because materials urgently need to enter the peanut picking roller near a feeding port to realize the separation of the peanut seedlings and the peanut, the closer to the discharging port, the smaller the spiral angle of the grass guide plate is, the travel and the friction time of the separation of the peanut seedlings and the peanut are met to the greatest extent, the picking rate is greatly improved, the crushing rate of the peanut is reduced, the spiral angle range of the grass guide plate 16 in the conical feeding cylinder 15 is 20-50 degrees, and the spiral angle range of the grass guide plate 16 in the upper cover 20 is 5-20 degrees;
still install between cylinder front shroud 4 and spiral leaf 13 and prevent twining board seam subassembly 17, prevent twining board seam subassembly 17 and include prevent twining curb plate 18 and prevent twining a section of thick bamboo 19, prevent twining curb plate 18 and be half disc structure, prevent twining curb plate 18 and pass through bolted connection fixed with cylinder front shroud 4, prevent that the internal diameter cover of twining a section of thick bamboo 19 is established on drum shaft 7 external diameter, prevent twining the inside of cylinder front cone body 802 of 19 external diameter, the output of picking up fruit cylinder 2 still is equipped with discharge gate 11, still be connected with shredder mechanism 22 below discharge gate 11, shredder mechanism 22 rotates and connects at picking fruit skeleton 1 afterbody, shredder mechanism 22 is the straw chopper, after peanut seedling and fruit separation, peanut seedling is transmitted to the end of picking fruit cylinder and separation screen cloth, get into shredder mechanism, the stalk grass is smashed by the straw chopper.
When peanut crops enter the feeding port in the using process, under the relative action of the spiral blades at the front end of the roller and the spiral grass guide plate in the conical feeding barrel, the crops continuously advance along the longitudinal fruit picking roller, under the rotating action of the fruit picking roller, the arc-shaped cutter teeth forcibly drag and rotate the crops, the crops are continuously subjected to friction separation with the mesh type separation screen mesh in the continuous rotating process, the peanuts fall through the separation screen mesh and are collected in a centralized manner, the stems and the grass continuously move upwards in an inclined manner along the roller, and under the action of the spiral grass guide plate on the upper cover, the stems and the grass continuously rotate to the position above the tail of the roller, and are discharged into the chopping mechanism to be chopped, and are collected and treated in a centralized manner; the storage space of peanut seedlings is enlarged by arranging the roller with the inclined structure, the crop feeding space is enlarged by adopting a single-blade structure at the front feeding section of the longitudinal roller, the peanut seedling can apply more effective grabbing acting force, the difficulty of unsmooth feeding is avoided, the storage space of the peanut seedlings is enlarged by arranging the longitudinal picking roller with the inclined structure, the peanut seedling separating stroke and the peanut rubbing time are greatly increased by arranging the anti-winding side plate, the peanut seedlings are prevented from winding with rotation at the feeding port, the blocking phenomenon caused by clamping of the peanut seedlings during feeding is solved, then the peanut seedlings are fed into the separating screen under the action of the rotating force of the single rotating blade, and more effective acting force can be applied to the peanut seedlings by the installed arc-shaped cutter head, the device can better pick off the fruits from the peanut seedlings, greatly improves the picking rate of the fruits, realizes the selection and the application of various crops with different peanut varieties and different drying degrees under different conditions by arranging the roller speed changer, and can select a low gear when the device is used for premature or harvesting wet crops; when the device is used for late-maturing or harvesting dry crops, a high-speed gear can be selected, so that blockage caused by large load is avoided, feeding smoothness is further kept, the separation efficiency of picking is improved, and the breakage rate of peanuts is reduced.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a single-blade vertically plucks fruit splitter for self-propelled peanut pickup harvester which characterized in that: the fruit picking roller is obliquely arranged in the fruit picking framework, the fruit picking framework is composed of a support frame, an upper cover arranged at the upper end of the support frame, a separation screen arranged at the lower end of the support frame, a roller front cover plate arranged at the front end of the support frame and a roller front support seat which are welded together, the upper cover and the separation screen are obliquely arranged on the fruit picking framework, a straw guide plate distributed spirally is also arranged on the inner side wall of the upper cover, a feeding port is arranged at the lower left corner of the roller front cover plate, the length of the feeding port is smaller than that of the roller front cover plate, the fruit picking roller comprises a roller shaft, a roller arranged on the roller shaft and arc-shaped cutter teeth arranged on the roller, the roller is composed of a roller straight barrel body and a roller front cone barrel body which are welded together, the arc-shaped cutter teeth are distributed in a multi-row spiral shape on the outer wall of the roller, and cutter, the arc-shaped cutter teeth are arranged on the cutter tooth row seat, the roller front cone barrel body is of a conical structure and is arranged close to a feeding port, one end of a roller shaft is further connected with a power device, a single spiral blade and balancing weights which are symmetrically distributed and used for balancing the spiral blade are further arranged on the side wall of the front end of the roller, a conical feeding barrel is further arranged between the feeding port and the fruit picking roller, the conical large end of the conical feeding barrel faces the feeding port, a straw guide plate which is spirally distributed is welded on the inner side wall of the conical feeding barrel, an anti-winding plate welding assembly is further arranged between a roller front cover plate and the spiral blade and comprises an anti-winding side plate and an anti-winding barrel, the anti-winding side plate is of a semi-circular plate structure and is fixedly connected with the roller front support plate through bolts, and the inner diameter of the anti-winding barrel is sleeved on the outer diameter of the roller shaft, the outer diameter of the anti-winding cylinder extends into the interior of the front cone cylinder body of the roller, the output end of the fruit picking roller is further provided with a discharge port, a chopping mechanism is further connected below the discharge port, and the chopping mechanism is rotatably connected to the tail portion of the fruit picking framework.
2. The single-blade longitudinal peanut picking and separating apparatus for a self-propelled peanut picking harvester of claim 1, further comprising: the power device is a roller speed changer.
3. The single-blade longitudinal peanut picking and separating apparatus for a self-propelled peanut picking harvester of claim 1, further comprising: the length of the feeding port is not more than half of the length of the front cover plate of the roller.
4. The single-blade longitudinal peanut picking and separating apparatus for a self-propelled peanut picking harvester of claim 1, further comprising: the cutting mechanism is a stalk and straw cutter.
5. The single-blade longitudinal peanut picking and separating apparatus for a self-propelled peanut picking harvester of claim 1, further comprising: the spiral angle of the grass guide plate in the conical feeding cylinder is larger than that of the grass guide plate in the upper cover, and the spiral angle of the grass guide plate in the upper cover is smaller as the spiral angle of the grass guide plate is closer to the discharge hole.
6. The single-blade longitudinal peanut picking and separating apparatus for a self-propelled peanut picking harvester of claim 5, wherein: the spiral angle range of the grass guide plate in the conical feeding cylinder is 20-50 degrees, and the spiral angle range of the grass guide plate in the upper cover is 5-20 degrees.
CN201921061064.7U 2019-07-09 2019-07-09 Single-blade longitudinal fruit picking and separating equipment for self-propelled peanut picking harvester Active CN210537538U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921061064.7U CN210537538U (en) 2019-07-09 2019-07-09 Single-blade longitudinal fruit picking and separating equipment for self-propelled peanut picking harvester

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921061064.7U CN210537538U (en) 2019-07-09 2019-07-09 Single-blade longitudinal fruit picking and separating equipment for self-propelled peanut picking harvester

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114532044A (en) * 2021-05-31 2022-05-27 西南大学 Double-cutter roller stubble-removing potato seedling killing machine
WO2023168883A1 (en) * 2022-03-09 2023-09-14 中联农业机械股份有限公司 Anti-winding pickup apparatus and harvester
WO2023168882A1 (en) * 2022-03-09 2023-09-14 中联农业机械股份有限公司 Anti-winding conveyance and pickup device, and combine harvester

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114532044A (en) * 2021-05-31 2022-05-27 西南大学 Double-cutter roller stubble-removing potato seedling killing machine
WO2023168883A1 (en) * 2022-03-09 2023-09-14 中联农业机械股份有限公司 Anti-winding pickup apparatus and harvester
WO2023168882A1 (en) * 2022-03-09 2023-09-14 中联农业机械股份有限公司 Anti-winding conveyance and pickup device, and combine harvester

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