CN210470496U - Water-retention drought-resisting protection system in vegetation restoration process of hydro-fluctuation belt - Google Patents
Water-retention drought-resisting protection system in vegetation restoration process of hydro-fluctuation belt Download PDFInfo
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- CN210470496U CN210470496U CN201921245224.3U CN201921245224U CN210470496U CN 210470496 U CN210470496 U CN 210470496U CN 201921245224 U CN201921245224 U CN 201921245224U CN 210470496 U CN210470496 U CN 210470496U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a water-retaining drought-resisting protection system in the vegetation restoration process of a water-level-fluctuating zone. An ecological protection forest belt is arranged above the system water-level-fluctuating belt, the water-level-fluctuating belt is sequentially divided into a herbaceous plant restoration area, a shrub-grass vegetation restoration area and a arbor-shrub-grass vegetation restoration area from low to high, wherein a plurality of water storage mechanisms are arranged in the ecological protection forest belt, a plurality of rain collecting mechanisms and a plurality of water retaining ditches are arranged in the arbor-shrub-grass vegetation restoration area, a plurality of water retaining ditches are arranged in the shrub-grass vegetation restoration area, the water storage mechanisms are connected with the rain collecting mechanisms through pipelines and supply water to the rain collecting mechanisms when the rain collecting mechanisms are in water shortage, and a drip irrigation system is arranged below the rain collecting mechanisms; the longitudinal section of guarantor's ditch is wide inverted right trapezoid structure narrow down in the top, and three sides plant respectively in the guarantor's ditch living willow stake and resistant flooding solid soil plant, the utility model discloses an effective collection rainwater is rational redistributed again, promotes the growth of plant, prevents soil erosion and water loss, optimizes ecological structure, resumes the water purification and the view effect in water-fall area.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a water and soil conservation engineering field in the water-level-fluctuating zone, concretely relates to water conservation drought-resistant protection system in water-level-fluctuating zone vegetation restoration process.
Background
After the three gorges reservoir operates, the water level of the stored water and the generated power in winter is 175m, the flood prevention water level in summer is reduced to 145m, and the exposed land with the water level drop of 30 meters is formed, namely the hydro-fluctuation belt. The reservoir water level is repeatedly and periodically fluctuated to a large extent, the change rhythm is opposite to the natural flood withering change rhythm, the original complex and various terrestrial habitat is changed into an alternate land and water habitat, trees and shrubs are difficult to survive, naturally distributed plants are mainly annual herbaceous plants, community structures are simple, ecological functions are weak, most herbaceous plants are easy to die in the water storage submerging period, accumulative secondary pollution is caused to the reservoir water body, and the reservoir water environment safety is influenced. The hydro-fluctuation belt is an important ecological environment sensitive area of the reservoir area and is also a difficult point for the ecological environment protection work of the reservoir area. Therefore, the plant restoration of the hydro-fluctuation belt is mainly performed by flood-resistant plants, soil-conservation and water-conservation habitat restoration measures are performed on the hydro-fluctuation area with higher elevation, an arbor-shrub-grass plant community is constructed, and flood-resistant herbaceous plant restoration is performed on the hydro-fluctuation area with lower elevation, so that permanent vegetation which continuously exists in the hydro-fluctuation belt is constructed, and the important significance is achieved in the ecological functions of soil stabilization and bank protection, environment purification, habitat provision, human living environment improvement, landscape improvement and the like of the vegetation.
In the last decade of research demonstrating vegetation restoration in hydro-fluctuation belts, it was found that the greatest difficulty in growth of hydro-fluctuation belts is drought. The hydro-fluctuation belt is located in an exposed area with alternate hillsides and river water, the soil quality is loose, the hydro-fluctuation belt is sandy, the water retention performance is relatively poor, and in the early stage of vegetation recovery, if the planted plants encounter long-term drought weather, the rooting soil of the plants is easily influenced, and even the plants die. In practice, water is often pumped from the river to relieve water shortage, and this method has several disadvantages: firstly, people are easy to heatstroke when working in a hydro-fluctuation belt for a long time in a dry period and also in a hot high-temperature season; secondly, the requirement of the plant can be relieved for a while, and the water shortage condition of the plant cannot be completely solved; thirdly, the operation area for watering every day is limited, which is labor-consuming and time-consuming and has high economic cost. Therefore, the development of a water-retention drought-resisting method in the vegetation restoration process of the hydro-fluctuation belt is particularly important for restoring the plants in the hydro-fluctuation belt and improving the ecological benefit and the social benefit of the hydro-fluctuation belt.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to the technical problem who exists among the prior art, provide a water conservation drought-resistant protection system in water conservation area vegetation recovery process, the utility model discloses according to the water level elevation and the topography and geomorphology characteristic in water-level area, adopt the engineering measure, build water conservation drought-resistant protection system, through effectively collecting rainwater reasonable redistribution again, promote the growth of plant, prevent soil erosion and water loss, optimize ecological structure, resume water purification and the view effect in water-level area.
The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme as follows: a water-retention drought-resistant protection system in the vegetation restoration process of a hydro-fluctuation belt is characterized in that an ecological protection forest belt is arranged above the hydro-fluctuation belt, the hydro-fluctuation belt is sequentially divided into a herbaceous plant restoration area, an arbor-grass vegetation restoration area and an arbor-grass vegetation restoration area from low to high, a plurality of water storage mechanisms and a plurality of rain collecting mechanisms and a plurality of water retaining ditches are arranged in the ecological protection forest belt, the arbor-grass vegetation restoration area is provided with a plurality of water retaining ditches, the water storage mechanisms are connected with the rain collecting mechanisms through pipelines and supply water to the rain collecting mechanisms when the rain collecting mechanisms are in water shortage, and a drip irrigation system is arranged below the rain collecting mechanisms; the trend of the water-retaining trench is parallel to the horizontal plane, the longitudinal section of the water-retaining trench is of an inverted right trapezoid structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, a first geotextile and a movable willow pile are tamped and embedded on the sloping edge of the upper slope of the water-retaining trench, a second geotextile and an anti-scour wire netting gabion filled with pebbles are tamped and laid in sequence on the straight edge of the slope foot, and the outer side of the wire netting gabion is covered soil suitable for the growth of flood-resistant soil-fixing plant seeds; an ecological bag is laid at the bottom of the water-retaining ditch.
The utility model carries out the recovery of flood-resistant plants according to the water level elevation of the water-level zone, configure arbor-irrigated-grass plant community at 170-reservoir 175m, configure irrigated-grass plant community at 160-reservoir 170m, configure grass plant community below 160m, according to the bank gradient and the terrain, the ecological protection zone on the 175m water level line is provided with one or more than two water storage mechanisms, set up one or more than two rain collection mechanisms and one or more than two water retaining ditches between 170-reservoir 175m, set up one or more than two water retaining ditches between 160-reservoir 170m, jointly constitute the water-retaining drought-resistant protection system, wherein the water retaining ditches are designed as open inverted trapezoids, the sloping edge of the upward slope is tamped and the geotechnical cloth and the living willow stake are imbedded in turn, finally, earthing is carried out, the geotechnical cloth and the scour-resistant wire netting stone cage with pebbles is tamped in the straight edge of the foot of the, the ecological bag filled with soil is laid at the bottom of the ditch, the rain collecting mechanism is arranged in a arbor-shrub-grass vegetation restoration area in a flower arrangement mode according to the terrain and planted plants, and the bottom of the rain collecting barrel is provided with a drip irrigation system. Through effectively collecting rainwater and reasonably redistributing, the growth of plants is promoted, water and soil loss is prevented, the ecological structure is optimized, and the water body purification and landscape effects of the hydro-fluctuation belt are restored.
Specifically, soil mixed with soil-resistant plant seeds for fixing soil is filled in the ecological bag at the bottom of the water-retaining trench.
Specifically, rain collecting mechanism and water storage mechanism all include upper end open-ended water storage bucket, control switch and outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe setting is in the delivery port department of water storage bucket below, and control switch sets up and is used for controlling out water on the outlet pipe.
Specifically, the lower part of a water outlet pipe of the rain collecting mechanism is connected with a microgravity drip irrigation system for drip irrigation watering.
Wherein, the water storage bucket is still connected with a suction pump and is used for moisturizing in the water storage bucket.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model discloses can also do as follows the improvement: the water storage bucket can include the columniform water storage bucket body, and the top opening part of columniform water storage bucket body is provided with the funnel, and it is originally internal that the rainwater enters into the water storage bucket through the funnel.
Furthermore, a first cylindrical filter screen is vertically and fixedly arranged in the middle of the bottom of the water storage barrel body, a second cylindrical filter screen is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the funnel and extends into the first cylindrical filter screen, rainwater sequentially passes through the second cylindrical filter screen and the first cylindrical filter screen and enters the water storage barrel body, and a water outlet is located outside the first cylindrical filter screen.
Furthermore, a circular foam board is placed in the first cylindrical filter screen, and the diameter of the foam board is 3-5cm smaller than that of the first cylindrical filter screen.
The utility model discloses following beneficial technological effect has:
(1) and (3) intercepting non-point source pollution. Planting flood-resistant plants at different water level elevations, configuring arbor-shrub-grass plant communities at the elevation 170-175m, configuring shrub-grass plant communities at the elevation 160m-170m, configuring grass plant communities below 160m, absorbing nutrient substances in non-point source pollution by plants to purify water quality, and effectively intercepting silt and pollutants;
(2) the water storage function is increased, the utilization efficiency of rainwater is improved, the growth of plants is promoted, and therefore the bank is fixed and the dike is protected. The system is provided with the water storage mechanism, the rain collecting mechanism and the water retaining ditch, so that the problem of uneven spatial and temporal distribution of rainwater can be well solved, the water storage capacity is increased, and the pressure of water pumping and irrigating in arid seasons is effectively relieved;
(3) the cost is low, the construction is simple, the operation is convenient, the function is stable, and the ecological function is obvious;
(4) the structure of water storage bucket can avoid debris such as silt, fallen leaves to accumulate and take place the jam problem in the water storage bucket, can also reduce the evaporation loss of moisture in summer simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sectional structure of the water retaining trench of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a water storage bucket.
In the figure, 1 herbaceous plant recovery area, 2 shrub-grass vegetation recovery area, 3 arbor-shrub-grass vegetation recovery area, 4 ecological protection forest belt, 5 water retaining ditch, 6 rain collecting mechanism, 7 water storage mechanism, 51 geotechnical cloth I, 52 soil covering, 53 wire mesh gabion, 54 geotechnical cloth II, 55 ecological bag, 61 water storage barrel body, 62 cylindrical filter screen I, 63 funnel, 64 cylindrical filter screen II and 65 foam board.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples given are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, a water-retaining drought-resisting protection system in the vegetation restoration process of a hydro-fluctuation belt, which restores flood-resisting plants according to the water level elevation of the hydro-fluctuation belt, and is characterized in that a ecological shelter belt 4 is arranged above 175m (namely above the hydro-fluctuation belt) according to the water level from high to low, the hydro-fluctuation belt is divided into a herbaceous plant restoration area 1 below 160m, a shrub-grass vegetation restoration area 170m and a arbor-shrub-grass vegetation restoration area 170m in sequence from low to high, in this embodiment, according to the river bank gradient and the terrain, a plurality of water storage mechanisms 7 are fixedly arranged in the ecological protection forest belt 4 on the water level line of 175m, a plurality of rain collecting mechanisms 6 and a plurality of water retaining ditches 5 are fixedly arranged in the arbor-shrub-grass vegetation restoration area 3 of 170 plus-grass, arranging a plurality of water retaining ditches in a 160-170m shrub-grass vegetation recovery area; the water storage mechanism 7 is connected with the rain collecting mechanism through a pipeline and replenishes water into the rain collecting mechanism when the rain collecting mechanism is short of water, and a drip irrigation system is arranged below the rain collecting mechanism 6; as shown in fig. 2, the trend of the water retaining trench 5 is parallel to the horizontal plane, the longitudinal section of the water retaining trench 5 is in an inverted right trapezoid structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom, the sloping side of the upper slope of the water retaining trench 5 is tamped and embedded with a geotextile I51 and a living willow pile, the geotextile I51 is covered with a thin layer of soil covering 52, when the living willow pile survives and takes root and sprouts, the slope side can be stabilized and the water quality can be purified, the straight sides of the slope foot of the water retaining trench 5 are tamped and paved with a geotextile II 54 and an anti-scour wire netting cage 53 with pebbles, the outer side of the wire netting cage 53 is covered with soil suitable for the growth of the flood-resistant plant seeds, namely, the outer side of the wire netting cage 53 (an inner side wall of the water retaining trench) is tamped with the soil covering; ecological bags 55 are laid at the bottom of the water-retaining ditch 5, namely, living willow stumps and flooding-resistant soil-fixing plants are planted on three sides in the water-retaining ditch respectively, when seeds germinate to form green vegetation, a natural green ecological landscape is formed while the water storage function of the water-retaining ditch 5 is enhanced, and further purification effects such as absorption, degradation, interception and the like are generated on the surface source pollution.
In this embodiment, soil mixed with soil-resistant plants for fixing soil is filled in the ecological bag at the bottom of the water-retaining trench 5.
In this embodiment, the rain collecting mechanism 6 and the water storage mechanism 7 both include a water storage bucket with an open upper end, a control switch and a water outlet pipe, the water outlet pipe is disposed at the water outlet below the water storage bucket, and the control switch is disposed on the water outlet pipe for controlling water outlet, wherein the size of the water storage bucket in the water storage mechanism 7 can store 5 cubes of water, and the size of the water storage bucket in the rain collecting mechanism 6 can store 1 cube of water.
In this embodiment, the outlet pipe below of collection rain mechanism 6 is connected with microgravity drip irrigation system and is used for driping irrigation watering, also can adopt other common drip irrigation system, and the water storage bucket all fixes on domatic through support etc. and the water storage bucket in collection rain mechanism 6 can stabilize when the winter impounds is submerged under the surface of water, and drip irrigation system can set up to the detachable mode, can demolish it when impounding.
In this embodiment, the water storage tank 7 is further connected to a water pump, and when the water amount in the water storage tank 8 is insufficient, water may be pumped from the reservoir or a nearby water source through the water pump device for replenishment.
Example 2
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, referring to fig. 3, the water storage bucket includes a cylindrical water storage bucket body 61, a funnel 63 is arranged at the upper opening of the cylindrical water storage bucket body 61, the edge of the funnel 63 can be covered on the water storage bucket body 61 through a screw thread like a cover, rainwater enters into the water storage bucket body 61 through the funnel 63, the funnel 63 can reduce the evaporation loss of water in the water storage bucket in summer, and the ability of the water storage bucket to collect rainwater during raining is not affected.
Further, in this embodiment, a first cylindrical filter screen 62 is vertically and fixedly arranged in the middle of the bottom of the water storage barrel body 61, a second cylindrical filter screen 64 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the funnel 63, the second cylindrical filter screen 64 extends into the first cylindrical filter screen 62, rainwater sequentially passes through the second cylindrical filter screen 64 and the first cylindrical filter screen 62 and enters the water storage barrel body 61, and the water outlet is located outside the first cylindrical filter screen 62 to ensure that water finally flowing out from the water outlet is inevitably filtered twice. The first cylindrical filter screen 62 and the second cylindrical filter screen 64 can play a role in filtering, meanwhile, fallen leaves and the like can be prevented from entering the water storage barrel body 61, workers only need to clean the second cylindrical filter screen 64 regularly, the height of the second cylindrical filter screen 6 is generally set to be 3-10cm, preferably 5cm, and cleaning is convenient. The sizes of the filtering holes of the first cylindrical filtering net 62 and the second cylindrical filtering net 64 can be selected according to requirements, and therefore the first cylindrical filtering net and the second cylindrical filtering net can prevent a large amount of silt and the like of leaves from entering the water storage barrel body 61.
Furthermore, in the embodiment, a circular foam plate 65 can be placed in the first cylindrical filter screen 62, the diameter of the foam plate 65 is 3-5cm smaller than that of the first cylindrical filter screen 62, the foam plate always floats on the water surface in the first cylindrical filter screen 62 due to buoyancy, volatilization waste of water in the water storage barrel body can be further reduced, and the second cylindrical filter screen 64 can prevent rainwater and the like from smoothly entering the water storage barrel body 61 due to the fact that the lower portion of the funnel 63 is blocked by the foam plate.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A water-retention drought-resistance protection system in the vegetation restoration process of a hydro-fluctuation belt is characterized in that an ecological protection forest belt is arranged above the hydro-fluctuation belt, the hydro-fluctuation belt is sequentially divided into a herbaceous plant restoration area, a shrub-grass vegetation restoration area and a arbor-shrub-grass vegetation restoration area from low to high, a plurality of rain collecting mechanisms and a plurality of water retaining ditches are arranged in the ecological protection forest belt, the arbor-shrub-grass vegetation restoration area is provided with a plurality of water retaining ditches, the water storage mechanisms are connected with the rain collecting mechanisms through pipelines and supply water to the rain collecting mechanisms when the rain collecting mechanisms are lack of water, and a drip irrigation system is arranged below the rain collecting mechanisms; the trend of the water-retaining trench is parallel to the horizontal plane, the longitudinal section of the water-retaining trench is of an inverted right trapezoid structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, a first geotextile and a movable willow pile are tamped and embedded on the sloping edge of the upper slope of the water-retaining trench, a second geotextile and an anti-scour wire netting gabion filled with pebbles are tamped and laid in sequence on the straight edge of the slope foot, and the outer side of the wire netting gabion is covered soil suitable for the growth of flood-resistant soil-fixing plant seeds; an ecological bag is laid at the bottom of the water-retaining ditch.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the ecological bag at the bottom of the water-retaining trench is filled with soil for flooding and soil fixing resistant plant seeds.
3. The water retention and drought resisting protection system for the vegetation recovery process in the hydro-fluctuation belt in claim 1, wherein the rain collection mechanism and the water storage mechanism comprise a water storage bucket with an upper end open, a control switch and a water outlet pipe, the water outlet pipe is arranged at a water outlet below the water storage bucket, and the control switch is arranged on the water outlet pipe and used for controlling water outlet.
4. The water retention and drought resisting protection system for the vegetation recovery process in the hydro-fluctuation belt according to claim 3, wherein the lower part of a water outlet pipe of the rain collecting mechanism is connected with a microgravity drip irrigation system for drip irrigation watering.
5. The water-retention drought-resistant protection system in the vegetation recovery process of the hydro-fluctuation belt as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water storage barrel is further connected with a water pump for replenishing water into the water storage barrel.
6. The water retention and drought resisting protection system for the vegetation recovery process in the hydro-fluctuation belt as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water storage bucket comprises a cylindrical water storage bucket body, a funnel is arranged at an upper opening of the cylindrical water storage bucket body, and rainwater enters the water storage bucket body through the funnel.
7. The water-retention drought-resistant protection system in the vegetation recovery process of the hydro-fluctuation belt as claimed in claim 6, wherein a first cylindrical filter screen is vertically and fixedly arranged in the middle of the bottom of the water storage barrel body, a second cylindrical filter screen is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the funnel, the second cylindrical filter screen extends into the first cylindrical filter screen, rainwater sequentially passes through the second cylindrical filter screen and the first cylindrical filter screen and enters the water storage barrel body, and the water outlet is located outside the first cylindrical filter screen.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein a circular foam board is placed inside the first cylindrical filter screen, and the diameter of the foam board is 3-5cm smaller than that of the first cylindrical filter screen.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921245224.3U CN210470496U (en) | 2019-08-02 | 2019-08-02 | Water-retention drought-resisting protection system in vegetation restoration process of hydro-fluctuation belt |
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| CN201921245224.3U CN210470496U (en) | 2019-08-02 | 2019-08-02 | Water-retention drought-resisting protection system in vegetation restoration process of hydro-fluctuation belt |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110637662A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2020-01-03 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Water-retention drought-resisting protection system in vegetation restoration process of hydro-fluctuation belt |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110637662A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2020-01-03 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Water-retention drought-resisting protection system in vegetation restoration process of hydro-fluctuation belt |
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