CN210465748U - Optical fiber with higher numerical aperture - Google Patents
Optical fiber with higher numerical aperture Download PDFInfo
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- CN210465748U CN210465748U CN201921627700.8U CN201921627700U CN210465748U CN 210465748 U CN210465748 U CN 210465748U CN 201921627700 U CN201921627700 U CN 201921627700U CN 210465748 U CN210465748 U CN 210465748U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an optic fibre with higher numerical aperture, it includes many fibre cores and many air capillary, many fibre cores and many air capillary staggered arrangement to make the fibre core obtain higher optical coupling performance. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the optical fiber perform rod and the glass tube perform rod are fixedly arranged on an optical fiber drawing tower in a staggered array mode, the heating is carried out to 1800-2000 ℃, 5-35-micron array optical fibers are drawn, and a coating layer is prepared on the surface of the array optical fibers after the array optical fibers are bundled. The utility model discloses can improve and nimble control numerical aperture. Through detecting, the utility model discloses an optic fibre, numerical aperture can reach 0.69. By means of the structure of the ribbon-shaped fiber core or the multi-fiber core, illumination of a large area can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the fiber illumination technique and specifically relates to an optic fibre with higher numerical aperture.
Background
The biological endoscope is widely applied to clinical medicine, has the functions of an image sensor, an optical lens, light source illumination, a mechanical device and the like, and can enter the stomach or enter the human body through other pore canals. Since a lesion which cannot be visualized by X-ray can be seen by an endoscope, it is very advantageous for diagnosis or treatment. For example, with the aid of an endoscopist, an ulcer or tumor in the stomach can be observed, and an optimal treatment plan can be developed accordingly. FIG. 8a is a photograph of the tip of a typical endoscope, 2-3 meters in overall length and about 800 microns in diameter. FIG. 8a shows the illumination function of the endoscope, and FIG. 8b is a photograph of the end face of the endoscope, wherein the illumination uses fibers randomly wound around the circumference of the core of the optical fiber, the fibers having a diameter of about 10-30 microns; FIG. 8c shows the source of visible light at the other end of the endoscope, when in transmission, the illumination fibers are bright. Approximately 100 glass fibers are used for illumination, so that the glass fiber group is required to be not easy to break, and the bending radius is required to reach 5 mm.
The optical fiber used by the lighting optical fiber in the biological endoscope has several index requirements, (1) the optical fiber has better optical coupling performance and lower attenuation, and can realize better transmission of a visible light source at the other end. (2) Is easy to bend and not easy to break. Because the endoscope is required to enter the human body, the bending environment is more likely, so the bending radius of the whole endoscope cannot be too large, and is generally 5 mm. The traditional illuminating glass optical fiber is not protected by a coating material, and the glass fiber is easy to break under certain bending conditions. Therefore, the endoscope of the existing traditional illumination technology has low yield and limited service life. (3) A large numerical aperture. To ensure that light is more easily coupled into the optical fiber of the endoscope, a fiber with a higher Numerical Aperture (NA) is required. Numerical aperture is a dimensionless number that represents the ability of an optical fiber to receive and transmit light. Usually, the NA is in the range of 0.14 to 0.5. The larger the numerical aperture NA of an optical fiber, the easier it is that light can be coupled into the optical fiber. The numerical aperture of the fiber is related to the core refractive index and the core-cladding relative index difference. Physically, the numerical aperture of an optical fiber represents the ability of the fiber to receive incident light. The larger the NA, the stronger the fiber's ability to receive light. From the viewpoint of increasing the optical power entering the optical fiber, the larger NA is better because the larger numerical aperture of the optical fiber is advantageous for the butt joint of the optical fibers.
Chinese patent document CN1050984A describes a laser irradiation apparatus in which a plurality of parallel optical fibers are arranged. Chinese patent document CN1242080A describes an optical coupler having a multilayer optical fiber. None of the above structures can achieve a high numerical aperture.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an optic fibre and preparation method with higher numerical aperture are provided, can obtain the optic fibre that has higher numerical aperture, and bend radius reaches 5 mm.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is: an optical fiber with a high numerical aperture comprises a plurality of fiber cores and a plurality of air capillaries, wherein the fiber cores and the air capillaries are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the fiber cores can obtain high optical coupling performance.
In a preferred scheme, the fiber cores are closely arranged in a band shape, and air capillaries arranged in a band shape are arranged on two surfaces of the band-shaped structure of the fiber cores.
In a preferred scheme, the fiber cores are closely arranged and mutually connected to form a band, and air capillaries arranged in a band shape are arranged on two surfaces of the fiber core band-shaped structure.
In a preferred scheme, the number of the fiber core layers is 2-9.
In a preferred scheme, the fiber cores and the air capillaries are randomly staggered in a root unit.
In a preferred scheme, the fiber cores and the air capillaries are arranged in a staggered mode by taking roots as units, the air capillaries are adjacent to the fiber cores, and the fiber cores are adjacent to the air capillaries.
In a preferred scheme, the diameter of the circumcircle of the fiber core and the air capillary is approximately the same;
the diameter of the circumcircle of the fiber core is 5-35 microns;
the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the integral fiber core and the air capillary is less than or equal to 125 microns;
the minimum bend radius of the fiber is 5 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the fiber core and the air capillary are made of materials including: quartz glass, other glass materials and plastic light-transmitting materials;
other glass materials include: plumbate glass, chalcogenide glass, heavy metal oxide glass, schottky corporation multicomponent glass;
a coating is arranged outside the whole of the fiber core and the air capillary, and the thickness of the coating is larger than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the fiber core;
the cross-section of the optical fiber is circular, square, and flat in shape.
A method for preparing the optical fiber with higher numerical aperture comprises the following steps: the optical fiber perform rod and the glass tube perform rod are fixedly arranged on an optical fiber drawing tower in a staggered array mode, the heating is carried out to 1800-2000 ℃, 5-35-micron array optical fibers are drawn, and a coating layer is prepared on the surface of the array optical fibers after the array optical fibers are bundled.
In a preferred scheme, pressure gas is introduced into the glass tube to avoid collapse of the air capillary;
the numerical aperture of the fiber is controlled by controlling the wall thickness of the air capillary.
The utility model provides an optic fibre with higher numerical aperture compares with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1. the numerical aperture can be improved and flexibly controlled by adopting a structure of combining the fiber core and the air capillary. Through detecting, the utility model discloses an optic fibre, numerical aperture can reach 0.69. The wall thickness of the air capillary can be adjusted, for example, the wall thickness of the capillary is larger, the glass material is relatively thick, and therefore the relative refractive index is high; the wall thickness is small and the glass material is relatively thin, and therefore the relative refractive index is low. The relative refractive index of the capillary layer determines the numerical aperture of the fiber core layer, so that the numerical aperture of the optical fiber can be adjusted between 0.2 and 0.69 according to application requirements.
2. By means of the structure of the ribbon-shaped fiber core or the multi-fiber core, illumination of a large area can be achieved.
3. The outer wall of the optical fiber can be added with a coating so as to improve the toughness of the optical fiber. Through tests, the optical fiber with the outer diameter of 125 microns can be coiled for 100 circles on a tool with the bending radius of 5mm, and is reliable for a long time.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the following figures and examples:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of an end face of the optical fiber structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic end view of a preferred optical fiber structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic end view of another preferred optical fiber structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic end view of another preferred optical fiber structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a flat end face of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a square end face of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the refractive index distribution of the middle end surface of the present invention.
Fig. 8a is a schematic diagram of the illumination function of the endoscope.
Fig. 8b is an end view of the endoscope.
Fig. 8c is a schematic view in endoscopic transmission imaging.
In the figure: core 1, air capillary 2, cladding 3, filler region 4, core index n1, air capillary n2, index n, fiber diameter D.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, an optical fiber with a relatively high numerical aperture includes a plurality of fiber cores 1 and a plurality of air capillaries 2, wherein the plurality of fiber cores 1 and the plurality of air capillaries 2 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the fiber cores 1 obtain relatively high optical coupling performance. This structure increases the numerical aperture of the optical fiber by using the relative refractive index difference between the core 1 and the air capillary 2, enabling light to be more easily coupled into the optical fiber.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the fiber core 1 is closely arranged in a band shape, and the air capillaries 2 arranged in a band shape are arranged on two surfaces of the band structure of the fiber core 1. With this structure, the upper and lower layers of the core of the band structure are separated by the band-shaped air capillary, so that each layer of the core forms a good waveguide. And when viewed from the end face of the optical fiber, the hollow capillary tubes of the upper layer and the lower layer are naturally and tightly attached to the fiber core capillary rod. The capillary layer of each layer is formed by closely arranging a plurality of capillaries. In the process of preparing the array optical fiber, the fiber cores 1 are easily interconnected under the action of high temperature. The test has little influence on the effect of the whole lighting. But can reduce the difficulty of the preparation process. Such as the difficulty of temperature control and control of drawing parameters.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the fiber cores 1 are closely arranged and are connected with each other in a band shape, and the air capillaries 2 arranged in a band shape are arranged on two surfaces of the band structure of the fiber cores 1. The structure is beneficial to reducing the preparation difficulty of the optical fiber.
In a preferred scheme, the number of the fiber core 1 layers is 2-9. Preferably 5 layers. Under the structure, the requirement that the bending diameter reaches 5mm can be met.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the fiber cores 1 and the air capillaries 2 are randomly arranged in a staggered manner in units of roots. Because only use optic fibre as the illumination transmission, do not have the higher requirement in the similar communication application, need the corresponding fibre core of accurate coupling, consequently the utility model provides a fibre core 1 and air capillary 2 can pile up at random. The effect of the fiber optic transmission of light illumination may be significant, but may be acceptable if only transmitted over short distances.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the fiber cores 1 and the air capillaries 2 are arranged in a staggered manner in units of roots, the air capillaries 2 are adjacent to the fiber cores 1, and the fiber cores 1 are adjacent to the air capillaries 2. Under the structure, the highest numerical aperture is detected and reaches 0.69.
In a preferred scheme, the diameters of circumcircles of the fiber core 1 and the air capillary 2 are approximately the same; the structure is convenient for subsequent preparation processes. Is beneficial to the tube arranging process of the optical fiber perform.
The diameter of the circumcircle of the fiber core 1 is 5-35 microns; preferably, 15 to 30 micrometers is used to control the overall diameter of the fiber to within 150 micrometers.
The diameter of the circumscribed circle of the integral fiber core 1 and the air capillary 2 is less than or equal to 125 microns. With this structure, the requirement of minimum bending radius is satisfied. The coating is added on the outer wall of the optical fiber, so that the strength of the optical fiber is ensured, and the optical fiber with the outer diameter of 125 microns can be coiled into 100 circles on a tool with the bending radius of 5mm and passes long-term fatigue test for more than 1000 hours.
In a preferred embodiment, the materials of the fiber core 1 and the air capillary 2 include: quartz glass, other glass materials and plastic light-transmitting materials;
other glass materials include: plumbate glass, chalcogenide glass, heavy metal oxide glass, schottky corporation multicomponent glass;
a cladding 3 is provided outside the entirety of the core 1 and the air capillary 2, and the thickness of the cladding 3 is larger than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the core 1.
As in fig. 1-6, the cross-section of the optical fiber is circular, square, and flat. Different cross-sectional shapes are adopted to adapt to different application scenes.
Example 2:
a method for preparing the optical fiber with higher numerical aperture comprises the following steps: the optical fiber perform rod and the glass tube perform rod are fixedly arranged on an optical fiber drawing tower in a staggered array mode, the heating is carried out to 1800-2000 ℃, 5-35-micron array optical fibers are drawn, and a coating layer 3 is prepared on the surface of the array optical fibers after the array optical fibers are bundled. The method comprises the specific steps of penetrating a bundled fiber core 1 and an air capillary 2 into a cladding 3 glass tube, wherein the cladding 3 glass tube is processed into a tapered opening part, the minimum opening diameter of the cladding 3 glass tube is slightly larger than the diameter of an outer circle of an array fiber bundle, heating the cladding 3 glass tube to 1800-2000 ℃, and simultaneously pulling out the fiber bundle and the cladding 3 glass tube, namely realizing the processing of the cladding 3, the fiber core 1 and the air capillary 2 together.
In a preferred scheme, pressure gas is introduced into the glass tube to avoid the collapse of the air capillary tube 2; the pressure gas comprises air and nitrogen, and the pressure is related to the material, wall thickness and heating temperature of the air capillary 2. Generally 110% to 150% at ambient atmospheric pressure.
The numerical aperture of the optical fiber is controlled by controlling the wall thickness of the air capillary 2. The wall thickness of the air capillary 2 is increased, and the glass material is relatively thick, so that the relative refractive index is high; the wall thickness is small and the glass material is relatively thin, and therefore the relative refractive index is low. The wall thickness of the air capillary 2 is determined by the wall thickness of the glass tube preform.
The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be considered as limitations of the present invention, and the features in the embodiments and the examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention shall be defined by the claims and the technical solutions described in the claims, including the technical features of the equivalent alternatives as the protection scope. Namely, equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope of the invention are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical fiber having a relatively high numerical aperture, characterized by: the optical fiber comprises a plurality of fiber cores (1) and a plurality of air capillaries (2), wherein the fiber cores (1) and the air capillaries (2) are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the fiber cores (1) can obtain high optical coupling performance.
2. An optical fiber having a higher numerical aperture as defined in claim 1, wherein: the fiber cores (1) are closely arranged in a band shape, and air capillary tubes (2) arranged in a band shape are arranged on two surfaces of the band-shaped structure of the fiber cores (1).
3. An optical fiber having a higher numerical aperture as defined in claim 1, wherein: the fiber cores (1) are closely arranged and mutually connected to form a band, and the two surfaces of the band-shaped structure of the fiber cores (1) are provided with air capillaries (2) arranged in a band shape.
4. An optical fiber having a higher numerical aperture according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the number of the fiber core (1) layers is 2-9.
5. An optical fiber having a higher numerical aperture as defined in claim 1, wherein: the fiber cores (1) and the air capillaries (2) are arranged in a random staggered mode by taking roots as units.
6. An optical fiber having a higher numerical aperture as defined in claim 1, wherein: the fiber cores (1) and the air capillaries (2) are arranged in a staggered mode by taking roots as units, the fiber cores (1) are adjacent to each other to form the air capillaries (2), and the air capillaries (2) are adjacent to each other to form the fiber cores (1).
7. An optical fiber having a high numerical aperture according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, wherein: the diameters of circumcircles of the fiber core (1) and the air capillary tube (2) are approximately the same;
the diameter of the circumcircle of the fiber core (1) is 5-35 microns;
the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the integral fiber core (1) and the air capillary (2) is less than or equal to 125 microns.
8. An optical fiber having a higher numerical aperture as defined in claim 1, wherein: the minimum bend radius of the fiber is 5 mm.
9. An optical fiber having a higher numerical aperture as defined in claim 1, wherein: the fiber core (1) and the air capillary (2) are made of materials including: quartz glass, plumbite glass, chalcogenide glass, heavy metal oxide glass, schottky company multicomponent glass and plastic light-transmitting materials;
a cladding (3) is arranged outside the whole of the fiber core (1) and the air capillary (2), and the thickness of the cladding (3) is larger than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the fiber core (1).
10. An optical fiber having a higher numerical aperture as defined in claim 1, wherein: the cross-section of the optical fiber is circular, square, and flat in shape.
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| CN201921627700.8U CN210465748U (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Optical fiber with higher numerical aperture |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113149422A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-07-23 | 艾菲博(宁波)光电科技有限责任公司 | Method and device for preparing high-duty-ratio multi-core microstructure communication optical fiber |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113149422A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-07-23 | 艾菲博(宁波)光电科技有限责任公司 | Method and device for preparing high-duty-ratio multi-core microstructure communication optical fiber |
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