CN210463660U - Ultra-low temperature air source heat pump unit with parallel compressors - Google Patents
Ultra-low temperature air source heat pump unit with parallel compressors Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及中央空调及家用的冷冻、采暖和热水***，具体讲是一种并联压缩机超低温度空气源热泵机组。The utility model relates to a central air conditioner and household refrigeration, heating and hot water systems, in particular to an ultra-low temperature air source heat pump unit with parallel compressors.
背景技术Background technique
目前，在我国北方地区，在寒冷的冬季主要通过燃煤、燃油、燃气、热泵机组以及电加热来得到生活用热水，现有方式得到热水的方式存在着弊端，主要体现在以下几个方面：At present, in the northern region of my country, hot water for domestic use is mainly obtained by burning coal, fuel oil, gas, heat pump units and electric heating in the cold winter. The existing methods of obtaining hot water have drawbacks, which are mainly reflected in the following aspect:
1.能耗高，不环保；采用燃煤，对空气污染严重；采用燃气、燃油或者电加热能耗高，采用普通热泵机组其导热剂如含氟之类物质更是对臭氧层有着破坏的危害。1. High energy consumption, not environmentally friendly; using coal-fired, serious air pollution; using gas, fuel or electric heating energy consumption is high, the use of ordinary heat pump units, heat transfer agents such as fluorine and other substances are harmful to the ozone layer .
2.现有的普通空气源热泵机组导热剂凝固点高，单位时间内降温速度更慢，等熵压缩比功大，使得压缩机工作困难，不利于压缩机使用寿命。2. The existing ordinary air source heat pump unit has a high freezing point of the heat conducting agent, a slower cooling rate per unit time, and a large isentropic compression specific work, which makes the compressor difficult to work and is not conducive to the service life of the compressor.
3.无法实现低温环境采暖。3. Unable to achieve low temperature environment heating.
4.空气源热泵机组只有短时间在全负荷下运行，大部分时间都在部分负荷下运行，而普通的空气源热泵机组的一台压缩机对应一个单元换热器形成独立的制冷***,压缩机停机时,换热器也不工作,换热器只能在对应压缩机的全负荷下工作，造成冷凝温度较高以及蒸发温度较低，从而使得机组一直处于较低的能效比下工作，造成了大量的能源浪费。4. The air source heat pump unit only operates under full load for a short time, and operates under partial load most of the time, while a compressor of an ordinary air source heat pump unit corresponds to a unit heat exchanger to form an independent refrigeration system, compressing When the machine is shut down, the heat exchanger does not work, and the heat exchanger can only work under the full load of the corresponding compressor, resulting in a high condensing temperature and a low evaporating temperature, so that the unit has been working at a low energy efficiency ratio. Cause a lot of energy waste.
如何通过对现有的普通空气源热泵机组进行有效的改善，能够使其在部分负荷下工作时，有效利用全部换热器的换热面积，使得冷凝温度大幅降低，蒸发温度大幅提高，从而大幅提高机组制热综合部分负荷性能系数IPLV，达到节能降耗的目标。以上是现有本行业技术人员亟待改善的技术问题。How to effectively improve the existing ordinary air source heat pump unit, so that it can effectively use the heat exchange area of all heat exchangers when working under partial load, so that the condensation temperature is greatly reduced, and the evaporation temperature is greatly increased, thereby greatly reducing the Improve the unit heating integrated partial load performance coefficient IPLV to achieve the goal of energy saving and consumption reduction. The above are the technical problems that the existing technical personnel in the industry need to improve urgently.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有技术存在的问题，本实用新型的目的是提供一种并联压缩机超低温度空气源热泵机组，通过技术改进，能够达到较高的机组运行制热综合部分负荷性能系数IPLV，从而能够有效降低能耗，对环境无污染，使用成本低，有利于压缩机运作并可在低温环境下实现采暖的功效。In view of the existing problems in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a parallel compressor ultra-low temperature air source heat pump unit, through technical improvement, can achieve a higher unit operation heating integrated partial load performance coefficient IPLV, so as to effectively It reduces energy consumption, does not pollute the environment, and has low cost of use, which is beneficial to the operation of the compressor and can achieve the effect of heating in a low temperature environment.
为了实现上述目的，本实用新型采用的技术方案如下：一种并联压缩机超低温度空气源热泵机组，包括机柜，机柜内部固定有换热器，换热器的顶部安装有轴流风机，机柜内部，换热器的下方安装有一个冷凝器；机柜内部设置有电控箱和并联压缩机组件；并联压缩机组件和汽液分离器以及四通阀连接，所述的四通阀的四个接口中的其它三个接口分别连接汽液分离器和冷凝器以及换热器；换热器靠近轴流风机设置，换热器后端和组合阀体连接至一体，组合阀体的底部和冷凝器连接至一体；所述的组合阀体的左右两端和储液器以及过滤器连接后行成了一个循环回路。In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows: a parallel compressor ultra-low temperature air source heat pump unit, comprising a cabinet, a heat exchanger is fixed inside the cabinet, an axial flow fan is installed on the top of the heat exchanger, and the inside of the cabinet is , a condenser is installed under the heat exchanger; an electric control box and a parallel compressor assembly are arranged inside the cabinet; the parallel compressor assembly is connected with the vapor-liquid separator and the four-way valve, and the four ports of the four-way valve are connected The other three interfaces are connected to the vapor-liquid separator, the condenser and the heat exchanger respectively; the heat exchanger is set close to the axial flow fan, the rear end of the heat exchanger and the combined valve body are connected into one, the bottom of the combined valve body and the condenser Connected to one body; the left and right ends of the combined valve body are connected with the liquid accumulator and the filter to form a circulation loop.
每台压缩机和液态冷凝管路之间增加了一个喷液管路模块，其包含连接电磁阀、喷液阀和压缩机的多根铜管以及控制喷液阀开、关及开启大小的接线盒控制器和固定在该压缩机排气管上的排气温度传感器。A liquid injection pipeline module is added between each compressor and the liquid condensing pipeline, which includes multiple copper pipes connecting the solenoid valve, the liquid injection valve and the compressor, and the wiring for controlling the opening, closing and opening of the liquid injection valve. A box controller and a discharge temperature sensor fixed to the compressor discharge pipe.
所述的并联压缩机组件由多台压缩机组成；其并联连接方式如下：每台压缩机的排气管共同联结于同一个排气管上；每台压缩机的回气管也共同联结于同一个回气管上；每台压缩机的油池以同一根油平衡管相互联结。The parallel compressor assembly is composed of a plurality of compressors; the parallel connection method is as follows: the exhaust pipes of each compressor are jointly connected to the same exhaust pipe; the air return pipes of each compressor are also jointly connected to the same exhaust pipe. On a return pipe; the oil pools of each compressor are connected to each other by the same oil balance pipe.
所述的组合阀体上包括两个单向阀和两个节流阀设置，其中通过一个单向阀和一个节流阀构成一个串联支路，两个串联支路并联行成一个组合阀体；所述的节流阀采用热力膨胀阀或电子膨胀阀或毛细管。The combined valve body includes two one-way valves and two throttle valves, wherein one one-way valve and one throttle valve constitute a series branch, and the two series branches are paralleled to form a combined valve body. ; The throttle valve adopts thermal expansion valve or electronic expansion valve or capillary.
本实用新型的有益效果：本实用新型通过研究改进，可使用并联压缩机组件，所达到的有益效果为1.使用环保制冷剂，不损害臭氧层； 2.经济性好，换热器总成本可降低20%左右；3.高效节能，具有较低的液体密度、较高的蒸汽密度、更高的汽化潜热使机组在相同的框架下具有更大的冷量。在换热器中有更小的压降，导致更低的冷凝温度及更高的蒸发温度，从而让***得到更高的制热综合部分负荷性能系数IPLV；运行能耗降低30%左右。等熵压缩比功小，使得压缩机工作更轻松，延长压缩机使用寿命，分子量小，流动性好，输送压力更低，减小了压缩机负载；4.低温环境采暖、高温环境制热水，可在最低-30°C的环境温度下制取生活热水以及采暖。Beneficial effects of the utility model: The utility model can use parallel compressor components through research and improvement, and the beneficial effects achieved are 1. The use of environmentally friendly refrigerants does not damage the ozone layer; 2. The economy is good, and the total cost of the heat exchanger can be reduced. Reduce by about 20%; 3. High efficiency and energy saving, with lower liquid density, higher vapor density, and higher latent heat of vaporization, so that the unit has greater cooling capacity under the same framework. There is a smaller pressure drop in the heat exchanger, resulting in a lower condensing temperature and a higher evaporating temperature, so that the system can obtain a higher heating integrated partial load performance coefficient IPLV; the operating energy consumption is reduced by about 30%. The isentropic compression specific work is small, which makes the compressor work easier and prolongs the service life of the compressor. The molecular weight is small, the fluidity is good, the conveying pressure is lower, and the compressor load is reduced; 4. Heating in low temperature environment and heating water in high temperature environment , which can produce domestic hot water and heating at a minimum ambient temperature of -30°C.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本实用新型进行进一步的说明：The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
图1是本实用新型主视结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
图2是本实用新型侧视结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the side view structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
图3是本实用新型仰视结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the present utility model viewed from the bottom;
图4是本实用新型***原理图；Fig. 4 is the system principle diagram of the present utility model;
附图中，1、翅片换热器，2、轴流风机，3、机柜，4、冷凝器，5、储液器，6、汽液分离器、7、并联压缩机组件，71、电磁阀，72、喷液阀，73、铜管，74、接线盒控制器，75、排气温度传感器，76、压缩机，77、排气管，78、回气管, 8、电控箱，9、四通阀，10、过滤器，11、单向阀，12、节流阀。In the drawings, 1, fin heat exchanger, 2, axial flow fan, 3, cabinet, 4, condenser, 5, liquid accumulator, 6, vapor-liquid separator, 7, parallel compressor assembly, 71, electromagnetic Valve, 72, Liquid injection valve, 73, Copper pipe, 74, Junction box controller, 75, Exhaust temperature sensor, 76, Compressor, 77, Exhaust pipe, 78, Air return pipe, 8, Electric control box, 9 , Four-way valve, 10, filter, 11, one-way valve, 12, throttle valve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图，对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅仅用以解释本实用新型，并不用于限定本实用新型。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more clearly understood, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.
一种并联压缩机超低温度空气源热泵机组，如附图所示，其外框架和现有普通热泵机组构造相同，其包括机柜3，机柜3内部固定有翅片换热器1，翅片换热器1的顶部安装有轴流风机2，机柜3内部，换热器1的下方安装有一个冷凝器4；机柜3内部设置有电控箱8和并联压缩机组件7；并联压缩机组件7和汽液分离器6以及四通阀9连接，所述的四通阀9的四个接口中的其它三个接口分别连接汽液分离器6和冷凝器4以及翅片换热器1；翅片换热器1靠近轴流风机2设置，翅片换热器1后端和组合阀体连接至一体，组合阀体的底部和翅片冷凝器1连接至一体；所述的组合阀体的左右两端和储液器5以及过滤器10连接后行成了一个循环回路；A parallel compressor ultra-low temperature air source heat pump unit, as shown in the accompanying drawings, its outer frame is the same as that of the existing ordinary heat pump unit, and it includes a cabinet 3, and a
如图4所示，所述的组合阀体上包括两个单向阀11和两个节流阀12设置，其中通过一个单向阀11和一个节流阀12构成一个串联支路，两个串联支路并联行成一个组合阀体；因本机组的压缩机全开时工作压力较高，所述的节流阀12采用耐高压的热力节流阀或电子节流阀，变频设置下优选电子节流阀。As shown in FIG. 4 , the combined valve body includes two one-
本实用新型产品的研发重点在于并联压缩机组件7的使用，如图4所示，并联压缩机组件由两台以上的独立压缩机并联设置，本实用新型以四台压缩机并联为例进行讲解，每台压缩机76的排气管共同联结于同一个排气管77上；每台压缩机76的回气管78也共同联结于同一个回气管78上；每台压缩机的油池80以同一根油平衡管79相互联结；并联压缩机组件的右侧为汽液分离器6及储液器5，为适应环保制冷剂的喷液循环运作，特在每台压缩机76和液态冷凝管路之间增加了1个专为配合喷液制冷剂的循环而设计的喷液管路模块7，所述的每台压缩机上配备的喷液管路模块7结构完全相同，其具体连接方式如下：The research and development of the product of the present invention focuses on the use of the
铜管73上连接有电磁阀71，电磁阀71的后方为喷液阀72，喷液阀72和压缩机76通过铜管73连接，压缩机76通过铜管73和外部的汽液分离器6以及外部的四通阀9连接，四通阀9和压缩机76连接的管路上固定有一个排气温度传感器75，排气温度传感器75和喷液阀72之间通过接线盒控制器74用导线连接，并且在压缩机76上固定有接线盒控制器74。A
本实用新型的工作原理是：本实用新型工作时，从冷凝管路中引出的铜管73中分支出一小部分高压制冷剂液体经过电磁阀71后通过喷液阀72进入压缩机76的喷液口内，喷入涡旋压缩机76的中间腔，从而有效冷却并降低排气温度，喷液管路模块7通过管路和汽液分离器6以及外部的四通阀9连接，四通阀9和压缩机76连接的管路上固定有一个排气温度传感器75，排气温度传感器75和喷液阀72之间通过接线盒控制器74用导线连接，并且在压缩机76上固定有接线盒控制器74，其作用是通过排气温度传感器75控制喷液阀72喷入压缩机76涡旋盘中间腔的喷液量，四通阀9再和外部的翅片换热器1和冷凝器4连接，和现有的普通的空调机组相同，通过单向阀11和节流阀12以及储液器和过滤器之间的配合作用，来完成整个制冷或制热过程。The working principle of the present utility model is as follows: when the utility model works, a small part of the high-pressure refrigerant liquid branches out from the
实施例：本装置开机时通过温差计算出需要加载的压缩机数量来进行能量调节。Example: When the device is turned on, the number of compressors to be loaded is calculated through the temperature difference to adjust the energy.
当无能量加载需求时直接进入正常运行时的能量调节；有能量加载需求时每隔4秒开启一台压缩机，本实施例将每隔4秒的时间段作为一个控制周期，开启压缩机的数量达到需求的压缩机数量后转入正常运行时的能量调节。When there is no energy loading demand, it directly enters the energy regulation during normal operation; when there is an energy loading demand, a compressor is turned on every 4 seconds. After the number of compressors reaches the required number, it switches to the energy regulation during normal operation.
正常运行时的能量通过温度区域来调节，本实用新型将温度区域设置为四个，分别为：加载、保持、卸载、急停。The energy during normal operation is regulated by temperature zones, and the utility model sets four temperature zones, namely: loading, holding, unloading, and emergency stop.
当控制温度处于加载区设定时，每过一个控制周期的时间，加载一个能量级即加载一台压缩机工作，直到所有的压缩机都加载完成为止；当控制温度处于能量保持区时，保持当前能量级即保持当前压缩机数量及工作状态；当控制温度处于能量卸载区时，每过一个控制周期时间，卸载一个能量级即减少一台压缩机工作，直到所有的能量都卸载完成为止；在特殊情况下，当控制温度处于急停区时，设定每隔1秒卸载一台压缩机，直至将所有压缩机卸载完毕。When the control temperature is set in the loading zone, every time a control cycle elapses, loading an energy level means loading a compressor until all compressors are loaded; when the control temperature is in the energy maintaining zone, keep The current energy level maintains the current number of compressors and their working status; when the control temperature is in the energy unloading area, every time a control cycle passes, unloading one energy level means reducing the work of one compressor until all the energy is unloaded; Under special circumstances, when the control temperature is in the emergency stop zone, it is set to unload one compressor every 1 second until all compressors are unloaded.
对于以上所述的加载和卸载两个温度区域内压缩机运行时的注意事项：Considerations for compressor operation in the two temperature zones for loading and unloading as described above:
①加载①Load
某一组中如果既有已运行压缩机也有未运行压缩机，优先加载该组中未运行的压缩机。如果该组中所有压缩机都已运行或都未运行，则在整个机组中选择累计运行时间最短的压缩机加载。If there are both running compressors and non-operating compressors in a group, the non-operating compressors in this group will be loaded first. If all compressors in the group are running or none are running, the compressor load with the shortest cumulative run time is selected in the entire group.
②卸载②Uninstall
某一组中如果既有已运行压缩机也有未运行压缩机，优先卸载该组中已运行的压缩机。如果该组中所有压缩机都已运行或都未运行，则在整个机组中选择累计运行时间最长的压缩机卸载。 If there are both running compressors and non-running compressors in a group, the compressors that have been running in this group will be unloaded first. If all compressors in the group are running or none are running, the compressor with the longest cumulative running time in the entire group is selected to unload.
以上设置的目的是均衡各压缩机运行时间，防止各压缩机之间出现使用频率的偏差，防止单个压缩机因过多使用而造成的故障进而影响整个压缩机组合的运行。The purpose of the above settings is to balance the running time of each compressor, prevent the deviation of the use frequency between the compressors, and prevent the failure of a single compressor caused by excessive use and affect the operation of the entire compressor combination.
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